Destination Categories Research Articles

The X-Minute City: Analysing Accessibility to Essential Daily Destinations by Active Mobility in Seville

The concept of the “x-minute city” emphasises connected, mixed-use, and functionally dense urban areas where residents can access most daily necessities within a short walk or bike ride. By promoting proximity to essential destinations and sustainable transport options, this approach reduces the need for extensive travel and minimises environmental impact. This paper analyses the readiness of cities to function as x-minute cities and identifies necessary interventions. Using a reproducible and scalable methodology based on open data and software, the study assesses the accessibility of key urban amenities within specified timeframes. Cumulative accessibility metrics are calculated for different destination categories, considering both walking and cycling. In the case of Seville, accessibility requirements outlined in policy documents are already met for many essential services, particularly public facilities. The study identifies neighbourhoods that excel in accessibility and others that require improvement in adhering to x-minute city principles. The methodology and findings can inform planning and policy decisions in other cities, guiding efforts to enhance amenity provision, test accessibility scenarios, and target intervention areas.

Impact The Covid 19 Pandemic on the Tourism Business Stakeholders Performance in Bogor City

Pandemic and Tourism Business Performance _____1147 Submitted: MAY 2024 Accepted: JULY 2024 This study done with objective For know How impact covid 19 pandemic against performance of the perpetrators business restaurants and hotels . Deep sample this study are the perpetrators business restaurant and hotel located in the city of Bogor . Data collection was carried out with do interview direct with perpetrator business . Research result show application Policy Health Protocols in sectors tourist give impact positive form obedience public . Ownership CHSE certificate , provide impact positive on the entity industry supporter tourist Hotel and Destination category Tourism , and not give influence significant in the Restaurant category Keywords: Covid 19 pandemic , activities business , CHSE.

Canary Categories

Past customer spending in a category is generally a positive signal of future customer spending. Analyses of historical data at two retailers demonstrate that there exist “canary categories” for which the reverse is true. Purchases in these categories are a signal that customers are less likely to return to that retailer. The authors propose an explanation for the existence of canary categories and then develop a stylized model that illustrates four contributing factors: the probability that a customer finds their favorite brand, customers’ willingness to substitute brands, the cost and attractiveness of visiting other stores, and expectations about future brand availability. The analysis uses both field data and experiments to investigate these factors. The findings suggest that canary categories exist (at least in part) because store assortments are not completely adjusted to local preferences. An implication is that canary categories are endogenous to each retailer; the same category may be a canary category at one retailer and a destination category at a competing retailer.

Rapid surveillance of New York City healthcare center egress behaviors during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown

This rapid response surveillance project was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) to collect “perishable” data on egress behaviors and neighborhood conditions surrounding healthcare centers (HCCs) in New York City (NYC) during the initial NYC COVID-19 PAUSE ordinance from March 22nd to May 19th, 2020. Anonymized data on NYC HCC egress behaviors were collected by observational field workers using phone-based mapping applications. Each egress trip record includes the day of week, time of day, destination category type, along with an array of behavioral outcome categories, ambient weather conditions and socio-economic factors. Egress trajectories with precise estimates of distance traveled and the spatial dispersion or “spread” around each HCC were added via post-processing. The data collection and cleaning process resulted in 5,030 individual egress records from 18 facilities over a 9-week period.

Analisis Hasil Implementasi Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) dalam Pengemasan Paket Wisata Tematik

The travel industry plays a vital role in maximizing the marketing of tourist destinations, but the process of determining tour packages must consider consumer purchasing power concerning destination ticket prices, distance and travel time, availability of accommodations and amenities services, and regulations. This study seeks to use the Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) decision support model to tourist case studies from Ternate City to determine superior tour packages. In the meantime, the context of destinations, accommodation services, and transportation services is incorporated into the use of the MAUT decision support model. The following criteria are established based on the category of the location: entrance fee; facilities and infrastructure; local tour guides; type of activity at the destination; Security, and Hygiene. The following criteria are established based on the category of lodging services: standard room rate, property amenities, room features, room type, and services. In addition, the criteria established based on the category of transportation services are as follows: rental pricing; car type; vehicle amenities; driver experience. The findings of this study indicate that A5 tourist destinations are recommended, with a total value of 0.90, based on destination category, criteria and criteria values related to ticket prices (10), facilities and infrastructure (20), availability of local tour guides (10), diversity of activities (20), safety (20), and cleanliness (20). In addition, based on the criteria and weights related to standard room rental costs (20), property amenities (20), room features (20), room type (10), and services (30), we propose A1 with a total value of 0.85 in the accommodation services category. In the field of transportation services, we offer A2 with a total score of 0.83 based on criteria and weights relating to rental price (25), vehicle type (25), car amenities (25), and driver experience (25). Using the MAUT decision support model, it is evident that the packaging of tour bundling becomes more effective and efficient

Attractive Landscape Features as Drivers for Sustainable Mountain Tourism Experiences

Mountains are perceived as places of biodiversity, as attractive places with breathtaking aesthetic views and epitomized by their unique landscape features. As mountains are the second most demanded outdoor destination category at a global level after beaches and islands, the steady growth of tourism places high pressure on sensitive mountain ecosystems. As can be observed from tourism practice in mountain environments, the distribution of tourism activities is highly uneven. In the Alps, one of the best-known regions with relentless tourism growth, a substantial concentration of tourism intensity can be traced to specific locations and valleys, whereas other parts have to cope with trends of marginalization. In this situation, many concerned stakeholders have long advocated for more balanced economic and tourism development. The initiative of “Mountaineering Villages” promoted by the Alpine Convention is one of a few respective actions to shift perspectives and persuade tourists to engage in sustainable tourism activities. The paper explores how these activities are linked to the balanced use of cultural landscapes and the narratives that are exposed as convincing development models in these regions.

The VAT Regime Regarding the Trading of Lands and Buildings

The article presents a series of theoretical and practical aspects regarding the application of the value added tax regime related to the trading of lands and buildings in accordance to the provisions of the Fiscal Code. The classification of a land in the available for building or with another destination category at the moment of its sale by the owner results from the urbanism certificate. If the land is not available for building, its delivery shall take place in exemption without the right of deduction regime, and if it is available for building, its sale shall be performed under normal tax regime. The delivery of constructions/ parts of constructions and of the lands on which they are built, as well as of any other lands, is VAT exempted. By way of exception, the exemption does not apply for the delivery of new buildings, parts of new buildings or lands available for building.The reduced 5% VAT rate is valid only for certain categories of buildings and by complying with strict conditions. In accordance with the provisions of the Fiscal Code, the reduced rate of 5% is applied to the taxation basis for the delivery of buildings as part of the social policy, including of the land on which they are built. As it was established by the Government Ordinance No. 16/2022, from the 1st of January 2023 we shall have only one rule regarding the application of the reduced tax rate to the deliveries of buildings to natural persons as part of the social policy. Thus, the procurement of a single building with a 5% VAT shall be allowed, individually or jointly with another natural person/other natural persons, if it has a value of maximum 600,000 Lei, VAT excluded. Considering the new provisions brought by GO No. 16/2022 regarding the application of the reduced VAT rate of 5%, the rules regarding the special register were also adapted.

Which trip destination matters? Estimating the influence of the built environment on mode choice for home-based complex tours

This study investigates how built environment (BE) characteristics at various trip destinations of a home-based tour shape travel mode choice. A complex home-based tour involves multiple out-of-home destinations, each of which may have distinct land-use patterns. Measuring the BE at various destinations of a complex tour has been an empirical challenge for the BE and travel behavior literature. Existing studies usually focus on the BE at the main destination of a tour, paying little attention to how BE attributes at other destinations of the tour shape travel behavior. This study addresses this issue by examining how and to what extent different measurements of the BE at destinations associated with a complex home-based tour influence the estimation of travel mode choice. We compare the measurement of the BE at three different trip destination categories: 1) the destination with the main activity (i.e., workplaces), which is the dominating approach applied in the existing literature, 2) the destination with the least compact BE, and 3) all destinations of a tour, with their BE variables being averaged. Our results reveal that BE characteristics at the destination with the least compact BE has the strongest explanatory power in estimating individuals' mode choice for home-based non-work tours. For home-based work tours, BE variables at the main destination have the highest impact on individuals' mode choice. In addition, travelers' mode choice for a tour, especially their use of public transit, is strongly influenced by the destination with the least compact BE.

Comparing older and younger adults' valuation of friendly destination attributes: a mixed-method empirical study

PurposeThe friendliness of a destination is a key factor influencing tourists' destination selection. However, few studies have explored the construct of friendly tourism destinations. The purpose of this study was to establish a typological framework of friendly tourism destinations and compare older and younger adults' valuations of friendly destination attributes.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-method approach was used; in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 tourism stakeholders. Content analysis of the collected data was performed to construct a friendly tourism destination framework.FindingsThe framework consisted of 37 categories, which were classified into six themes: transportation and infrastructure, friendly tourism environments, government policies and tourism promotion measures, tourism products and activities, tourism information services and friendly residents. Furthermore, survey data from 1,153 respondents in Taiwan revealed that older adults valued friendly tourism environments and friendly residents more highly than younger adults did.Research limitations/implicationsThe participants were all from Taiwan; therefore, the results might not be applicable to tourists in other countries or regions. Furthermore, this study only compared the valuations of older and younger adults for the attributes of friendly tourism destinations.Practical implicationsFriendly tourism destination categories can provide a reference for tourists when making travel decisions. The framework provides destination marketers with a new tool for managing friendly tourism destinations. The findings can act as a reference for travel suppliers seeking to improve tourism-friendly services.Originality/valueThis study introduced a multifaceted framework for developing friendly tourism destinations from a holistic perspective. The results contribute to the tourism literature, revealing that younger and older adults have different valuations for the attributes of friendly tourism destinations.

Destinations fostering older adults\u2019 walking for transport: a cross-sectional study from Germany

BackgroundHaving destinations within walking distance can encourage older people to walk. Yet, not all destinations may be equally important. Little is known about the types of destinations fostering older adults’ walking for transport in small and medium-sized towns and rural communities. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between the availability of different destinations and walking for transport among older adults living in communities with less than 100,000 inhabitants.MethodsBetween May and September 2019, self-reported data from 2242 older adults (≥ 65 years) living in the Metropolitan Region Northwest (Germany) were collected within the project AFOOT – Securing urban mobility of an aging population. Data from 2137 study participants were eligible for this analysis. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship between the perceived destination availability of 19 different destinations within a 20-min or 10-min walk from home, respectively, and the engagement in walking for transport. Crude and adjusted models were run separately for each destination and distance category. Exploratory subgroup analyses examined the associations between the availability of destinations within a 20-min walk from home and walking for transport stratified by gender, use of a walking aid, and car availability.ResultsThe availability of each of the investigated destinations within a 20-min walk and of nearly all of these destinations within a 10-min walk from home was significantly positively associated with walking for transport in crude models. Most associations remained significant after adjustment for covariates. The strongest associations were found for the availability of small stores, pharmacy, and bakery. The availability of a bus stop showed the weakest associations and was not significantly associated with walking for transport after adjustment for covariates.ConclusionsThe provision of local amenities within walking distance may be a promising approach to foster older adults’ walking for transport in smaller communities with less than 100,000 inhabitants and to enable active and healthy aging in place. Further quantitative and qualitative research is needed to validate these findings and to better understand older adults’ walking behavior.

Membangun Pemahaman Terhadap Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Dan Indikator Global Sustainable Tourism Council

The development of tourism has a negative impact on the environment of new management practices in the tourism industry, namely tourism villages. Tourism villages are also a form of implementing sustainable development goals. As one of the tourist villages in West Manggarai Regency, Wae Lolos Village must be able to be managed into a tourism village that is following the goals of sustainable development, so it is essential to manage a tourist village that understands the management of a tourist village under the goals of sustainable development. There are public lectures, pre-and post-tests, and self assessment using the global sustainable tourism council criteria in community service activities—Results of increasing mean value between the pre-test and post-test indicate the understanding of sustainable development goals. In addition, based on the GSTC aspect of the destination category, the aspect of governance is the aspect that has the most percentage of met criteria, but environmental aspects are the aspects that have presentation criteria. Wae Lolos Village uses the GSTC criteria as a measuring tool for monitoring and evaluating the performance of tourism villages.

Deep Learning-based Mobile Tourism Recommender System

A tourism recommendation system is a crucial solution to help tourists discover more diverse tourism destinations. A content-based approach in a recommender system can be an effective way of recommending items because it looks at the user's preference histories. For a cold-start problem in the tourism domain, where rating data or past access may not be found, we can treat the user's past-travel-photos as the histories data. Besides, the use of photos as an input makes the user experience seamless and more effortless. The current development in Artificial Intelligence-based services enable the possibilities to implement such experience. This research developed a Deep Learning-based mobile tourism recommender system that gives recommendations on local tourism destinations based on the user's favorite traveling photos. To provide a recommendation, we use cosine similarity to measure the similarity score between one's pictures and tourism destination's galleries through their label tag vectors. The label tag is inferred using an image classifier model that runs from a mobile user device through Tensorflow Lite. There are 40 label tags, which refer to local tourism destination categories, activities, and objects. The model is trained using state-of-the-art mobile deep learning architecture EfficientNet-Lite. We did several experiments and got an accuracy result of more than 85% on average, using EfficientNet-Lite as the base architecture. The implementation of the system as an Android application has been proved to give an excellent recommendation with Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) equals to 5%.

Evacuation destination choice behavior of households in Eastern Samar, Philippines during the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan

Understanding evacuee behavior is important to minimize the loss of lives and manage evacuation in the future. Evacuation destination choice entails the decision of affected people regarding where to stay, away from an impending hazard. This study investigates the factors considered by households when choosing where to go during an evacuation period. Data was gathered from households in one of the most affected barangays in Borongan City, Eastern Samar during Typhoon Haiyan. A binary logit was used to determine the significance of variables in evacuation destination choice. Destination categories are public shelter/evacuation center and family/friends’ house. Results show that gender, income, marital status, and the number of household members that evacuated are significant factors in the choice of destination. The results from the study give relevant insights for government agencies and research institutions towards understanding destination behavior. Consideration of simultaneously modeling evacuation destination with evacuation decision is an insight taken from this study.

LOYAL: TO WHAT EXTENT? A shift in destination preference due to the COVID-19 pandemic

The choice of a holiday destination is affected both by the destination's image and the tourists' loyalty. Previous epidemic and pandemic outbreaks have consistently affected the way people holiday, since their perception of risk is associated to the destination's image and influenced by media coverage and graphic imagery.We studied tourists’ perceptions and behaviours during the first period of COVID-19 with the objective of investigating how preferences and loyalty for different types of destinations (seaside, mountain, art cities) change during health emergencies.We segmented tourists according to their perceived risk, over months and towards different types of destinations. We found that mountain locations are perceived as safer than seaside destinations and art cities. Despite their expression of loyalty to the same destination, in times of respiratory disease-related risk perception, tourists have shifted destination categories, thus changing their preferences from seaside to mountain destinations.

Statewide COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders and Population Mobility in the United States.

Many jurisdictions enacted stay‐at‐home orders (also called shelter‐in‐place orders, safer‐at‐home orders, or lockdowns) when SARS‐CoV‐2 began spreading in the United States. Based on Google mobility data, every state had substantially fewer visits to transit stations, retail and recreation facilities, workplaces, grocery stores, and pharmacies by the end of March 2020 than in the previous two months. The mean decrease in visitation rates across destination categories was about 30 percent in states without stay‐at‐home orders and 40 percent in states with stay‐at‐home orders. Similarly, there were fewer routing requests received by Apple in large cities for public transportation, walking, and driving, with a 10 percentage point greater mean reduction in metropolitan areas under statewide stay‐at‐home orders. The pandemic led to large decreases in mobility even in states without legal restrictions on travel, but statewide orders were effective public health policy tools for reducing human movement below the level achieved through voluntary behavior change.

Market concentration in German air transport before and after the Air Berlin bankruptcy

Market concentration in the airline industry, its measurement, causes, and consequences, has been a long-standing issue with airline representatives, public authorities, interest groups, and academics alike. This paper extends research on assessing market concentration in the airline industry by incorporating high-speed rail (HSR) services and connecting flights as travel alternatives to nonstop flights. Our methodology includes a connection builder calibrated with booking data, a Quality of Service Index (QSI) model for quality-weighting of travel alternatives, and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI). We calculate HHI for origin and destination (O&D) city pairs originating in Germany on route and city level and provide aggregate metrics for all directional O&Ds worldwide ex Germany and across different destination categories applying a gravity model for size-weighting of O&Ds. Our findings support concerns about Lufthansa Group becoming more dominant in the German air transport market after the collapse of Air Berlin.

Mountains as a Global Heritage: Arguments for Conserving the Natural Diversity of Mountain Regions

This concise review posits the urgent need for conserving the natural diversity of mountain environments by envisioning mountains as a global natural heritage. Mountains are recognized as cradles of biodiversity and for their important ecosystem services. Mountains also constitute the second most popular outdoor destination category at the global level after islands and beaches. However, in the current age of accelerating global environmental change, mountain systems face unprecedented change in their ecological characteristics, and consequent effects will extend to the millions who depend directly on ecosystem services from mountains. Moreover, growing tourism is putting fragile mountain ecosystems under increasing stress. This situation requires scientists and mountain area management stakeholders to come together in order to protect mountains as a global heritage. By underlining the salient natural diversity characteristics of mountains and their relevance for understanding global environmental change, this critical review argues that it is important to appreciate both biotic and abiotic diversity features of mountains in order to create a notion of mountains as a shared heritage for humanity. Accordingly, the development of soft infrastructure that can communicate the essence of mountain destinations and a committed network of scientists and tourism scholars working together at the global level are required for safeguarding this shared heritage.

Statewide COVID-19 Stay-At-Home Orders and Population Mobility in the United States

Many jurisdictions enacted stay-at-home orders (also called shelter-in-place orders, safer-at-home orders, or lockdowns) when SARS-CoV-2 began spreading in the United States. Based on Google mobility data, every state had substantially fewer visits to transit stations, retail and recreation facilities, workplaces, grocery stores, and pharmacies by the end of March 2020 than in the previous two months. The mean decrease in visitation rates across destination categories was about 30% in states without stay-at-home orders and 40% in states with stay-at-home orders. Similarly, there were fewer routing requests received by Apple in large cities for public transportation, walking, and driving, with a 10 percentage point greater mean reduction in metropolitan areas under statewide stay-at-home orders. The pandemic led to large decreases in mobility even in states without legal restrictions on travel, but statewide orders were effective public health policy tools for reducing human movement below the level achieved through voluntary behavior change.

Distances walked to and from local destinations: Age-related variations and implications for determining buffer sizes

IntroductionNeighborhood environmental attributes can influence health-related physical activity, particularly walking. A better understanding of the distances adults walk to local destinations is needed to identify the appropriate geospatial boundaries within which environmental attributes are measured (buffer sizes). This study sought to identify the distances adults of different ages walk to/from public transit (PT) stops, shops/services, and natural features. MethodsData from the 2009–12 South-East Queensland Travel Survey were used. Our sample consisted of 2105 adults (18–84 years) who reported at least one home-based walking trip to/from those destinations. We reported the median (with the 20th and 80th percentiles) distances walked to/from each destination category by age groups. Multilevel regression analyses examined whether the distances walked differed by age groups. ResultsParticipants reported 4029 walking trips, with the median distance of 0.68 km and the 80th percentile of 1.35 km. The median walking distance (80th percentile) to/from utilitarian destinations (PT stops, shops/services) and natural features was 0.63 (1.16) km and 1.15 (2.27) km, respectively. The overall median walking distance by age groups was 0.62 km for the younger (18–34 years), 0.67 km for younger middle (35–49 years), 0.79 km for older middle (50–64 years) and 0.72 km for older (65–84 years) groups. Regression analyses found that older middle-aged adults walked significantly longer overall and to/from utilitarian destinations than any of the other age groups. ConclusionsOur findings support buffer sizes around 600–1200 m for studies examining environmental correlates of walking for utilitarian purposes. For recreational walking to get to natural features, larger buffer sizes ranging from 1200 to over 2000 m may be suitable. We did not find consistent evidence supporting the use of different buffer sizes for different age groups.

Capitalism in Tourism – Marxist: Analysis of Enjoy Jakarta

Enjoy Jakarta is a new slogan from Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta to promote tourism in Jakarta. Through the tagline of Enjoy Jakarta, the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta through the Department of Tourism and Culture wants to retail Jakarta as an attention-grabbing city to visit. Based on the website www.jakarta-tourism.go.id, there are all recommendations regarding with tourism in Jakarta, ranging from history and culture of Jakarta, events, destinations, to brochures and electronic guidebooks, which can be downloaded. It is fascinating to see on how content from the Enjoy Jakarta website sells countless capitalist products, such as in destination categories, events, and up to the basic information. This paper performs a critical analysis of “Enjoy Jakarta” tourism by utilizing Marxist analysis method. This analysis is carried out using the Marxist rationale teaching and applying these Marxist concepts to the public art form created by the media. Marxist analysis is done on the content embedded in the website of www.jakarta- tourism.go.id. The results of this study indicate that tourism in Jakarta is displayed in the form of selling products of capitalism. Tourism is identic by shopping at malls, savoring culinary in famous restaurant brands, and various activities organized by the bourgeoisie.