Desired Events Research Articles

Effect of uniform electric field on the droplet deformation in uniform flow field

In this article, we theoretically investigate the transient electric field-driven deformation of a droplet. Notably, the droplet is subjected to both a uniform flow and an electric field simultaneously. We explore two cases: one with a perpendicular arrangement of uniform flow and electric field, where the electric field is not stronger than the uniform flow, and another with an aligned arrangement of both. The leaky dielectric model is used and the droplet shape is assumed to remain prolate spheroidal at all times. The droplet behavior was modeled and the corresponding program was written in MATLAB software. According to the selected equations, the outputs of the program are logical and consistent with the available data and experiments. Among the advantages of the theoretical solution, one can mention the possibly tracing the origin of desired events and system reaction and the lower computational cost. The solution method can be extended to investigate similar problems.

Pengembangan Aplikasi Penjualan Tiket Acara Berbasis Website dan Mobile

This research presents innovation in the form of web-based and mobile event ticket sales applications using the PHP and Kotlin programming languages. The goal is to provide convenience to users in booking event tickets and registering events themselves from their homes. The application is designed to simplify the ticket booking process, improve accessibility, and provide an optimal user experience. Key features include a responsive user interface, being able to register new events, book desired events, view booked events, view registered events. By combining the advantages of PHP and Kotlin programming languages, this research has the potential to provide a more efficient and satisfying event ticket booking and sales experience for users.

Vartotojų suvokimas apie sporto interneto svetainių kokybę

Relevance of the topic. The 21st century is widely regarded as the age of technology. Nowadays, no one can imagine their life without browsing various websites. As Gonzalez et al. (2015) state, websites are a dominant place for users to obtain information. Many professional sports organisations use their websites to develop relationships with their fans by providing them with news and results (Alonso-Dos-Santos, Moreno, Ríos, & Alguacil, 2017). Sports websites are especially useful for sports enthusiasts, as sports is a very globalised activity and it is physically impossible to be at all desired events. Fans are not only more engaged and interested in their favourite teams but also in their websites, thus performing a kind of news distribution function for the club (Lewis, 2013). The problem. The widespread use of information technology in various felds has made research on the adoption or rejection of these technologies an important factor in every organisation (Mohammadi & Isanejad, 2018). The rapid change and development of websites mean that users’ perception of their quality is also changing. Therefore, it is important to track the constantly changing user expectations and their engagement. A newer and more up-to-date study can help organisations to further improve their websites, thus competing with other organisations in their market.
 The aim of the study is to investigate user perception of quality in sports websites.
 The subject of the study is user perception of quality in sports websites. Research methodology. A survey was used to investigate user perception of quality in sports websites. Respondents were given an anonymous online survey. The object of the study was user perception of quality in sports websites. The study was based on the WebQual questionnaire of Gonzalez et al. (2015). The purpose of the study is to investigate user perception of quality in sports websites. The data were collected in February and March 2023. A total of 303 respondents participated in the study. Results and conclusion. A comparison of the distribution of respondents according to which website they would prefer shows that all analysed categories reflect a trend. In all four question categories, the better-rated website was X website and when respondents were asked to choose between these websites, the vast majority (69.31%) would prefer X website, while 30.69% of respondents would choose Y website. This result means that among these competing basketball websites, X website seems to be more attractive and high-quality for most users. The results of the study allowed to understand what quality criteria affect the opinion and choice of sports websites by users. Comparing the results obtained with other previous studies, it was observed that individual categories or subcategories can not only influence the choice of a website but can also interact with each other, thus affecting each other. An analysis of the survey results showed that the accuracy of information, security, website understandability, security and website attractiveness are the main features that positively affect the user and help websites gain a competitive advantage over other websites in the same feld or market.
 Keywords: sports website, user perception of quality, engagement.

EQUI-VOCAL Demonstration: Synthesizing Video Queries from User Interactions

We demonstrate EQUI-VOCAL, a system that synthesizes compositional queries over videos from user feedback. EQUI-VOCAL enables users to query a video database for complex events by providing a few positive and negative examples of what they are looking for and labeling a small number of additional system-selected examples. Using those user inputs, EQUI-VOCAL synthesizes declarative queries that can then retrieve additional instances of the desired events. The demonstration makes two contributions: it introduces EQUI-VOCAL's graphical user interface and enables conference attendees to experiment with EQUI-VOCAL on a variety of queries. Both enable users to gain a better understanding of EQUI-VOCAL's query synthesis approach and to explore the impact of hyperparameters and label noise on system performance.

Comparison of sparse Gabor-based methods for detection of microseismic events

Event detection and selection is a challenging and time-consuming step in microseismic data processing because signals often are embedded in noisy recordings. Automated triggering-based algorithms can detect many potential events in the data. However, their precision rates often are low, thus requiring substantial manual labor to select desired events of interest. This study investigates two time-frequency methods which combine signal enhancement with automated event detection and selection, namely, (1) the sparse Gabor transform and (2) the neighboring block thresholding. Both methods use thresholding in the time-frequency domain to increase signal enhancement, followed by an energy detection criterion, leading to improved event detection with higher precision rates. However, the neighboring block thresholding causes amplitude fidelity issues and we observe changes in the relative and maximum amplitudes of the waveforms reconstructed from the thresholded coefficients. Conversely, the sparse Gabor transform attenuates the noise significantly while preserving the signals. Thus, this time-frequency method is suitable for enhanced event detection and subsequent processing, including magnitude estimation and moment tensor inversion.

Prefrontal cortical activation in Internet Gaming Disorder Scale high scorers during actual real-time internet gaming: A preliminary study using fNIRS.

BackgroundObservation of real-time neural characteristics during gameplay would provide distinct evidence for discriminating the currently controversial diagnosis of internet gaming disorder (IGD), and elucidate neural mechanisms that may be involved in addiction. We aimed to provide preliminary findings on possible neural features of IGD during real-time internet gaming using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).MethodsPrefrontal cortical activations accompanying positive and negative in-game events were investigated. Positive events: (1) participant’s champion slays or assists in slaying an opponent without being slain. (2) the opposing team’s nexus is destroyed. Negative events: (1) participant’s champion is slain without slaying or assisting in slaying any opponent. (2) the team’s nexus is destroyed. Collected data were compared between the IGD group and control group, each with 15 participants.ResultsThe IGD group scored significantly higher than the CTRL group on the craving scale. Following positive events, the IGD group displayed significantly stronger activation in the DLPFC. Following negative events, the IGD group displayed significantly weaker activation in the lateral OFC.Discussion and ConclusionsIndividuals scoring high on the IGD scale may crave for more internet gaming after encountering desired events during the game. Such observations are supported by the correlation between the craving scale and DLPFC activation. The IGD group may also show diminished punishment sensitivity to negative in-game experiences rendering them to continue playing the game. The present study provides preliminary evidence that IGD may demonstrate neural characteristics observed in other addictive disorders and suggests the use of fNIRS in behavioral addiction studies.

Effects of Supportive Group Therapy on Levels of Hopelessness in Patients with Cervical Cancer at Cancer Diseases Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

Background: Hopelessness is a subjective appraisal of negative expectations about the occurrence of a highly valued outcome coupled with the sense that one lacks control over desired events in the future. Hopelessness is an early symptom of depression and is comorbid with cervical cancer. Supportive Group therapy offers an economical and time efficient solution. In Zambia and particularly at Cancer Disease Hospital such structured supportive group therapy is not being offered. This study aims to ascertain whether supportive group therapy can reduce levels of hopelessness in cervical cancer patients at Cancer disease hospital in Lusaka Zambia.Methodology: This was a double blinded Randomized Controlled Trial conducted at Cancer Disease Hospital in Lusaka Zambia. It wasconducted between March 2019 and September 2020. Patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of cervical cancer were recruited. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical presentations were elicited by detailed history taking and file review. All the participants completed PreHAI Questionnaire and their results were noted. They were then divided into a control and intervention group using computer generated numbers. The intervention group then attended one hour Supportive group therapy sessions weekly for four weeks. The control group continued to receive the usual support of their family members and Cancer disease hospital staff. Both groups were then administered the Post- HAI Questionnaire and their results were noted.Results: 49 patients were recruited. Patient retention was 92% (n= 45). Majority of the participants were of the age group 41-50 years i.e. control group (n =12) intervention group (n= 7). Majority were; married control (n= 11) intervention (n= 12), unemployed control (n=14) intervention (n= 18), had social support control (n=14) intervention (n= 18). Only social support correlated with lower HAI scores (p= 0.047). There was no correlation between therapy and post HAI scores as both p- values i.e. control (p= 0.683) intervention (p= 0.368) were greater than confidence interval 0.05. The intervention group had a greater reduction in HAI scores from (p= 0.621 to p= 0.368) in comparison to the control group (p= 0.707 to p= 0.683).Conclusion: There was a difference (yet statistically insignificant) in treatment outcomes of cervical cancer patients receiving supportive group therapy to those not receiving supportive group therapy. That is to say that the intervention group showed a greater reduction in HAI scores in comparison to the control group. Social support is the only significant factor associated with lower levels of hopelessness.

Мех как элемент русской традиционной свадебной обрядности

Fur is a significant feature of many ritual actions in traditional Russian culture. Although there is a lot of material on this subject it continues to escape a closer scientific attention. This paper looks at filling this gap and showing the role of fur in Russian wedding rituals. The author gives examples related to the use of fur at a wedding and analyzes wedding songs and additional material. Results obtained led to conclusions that the fur in the wedding ritual was of dual importance. It was used as a magical item endowed with the function of fertility and procreation. It was associated with fertilizing (carpogonia) magic. This magic was intended to provide fertility, wealth and prosperity for a family. The perceptions of the connection between fur and fertility was also manifested in other ritual activities, for example, in spells related to family and household. It is important to note that the inverted fur was considered a sign of another world, and with its help they depicted its inhabitants, late ancestors. In this case, the fur should be considered in the context of imitative magic associated with imitation of desired events. Wanting to receive the help of deceased ancestors, participants of the wedding ceremony wore an inverted fur coat to simulate the spirit and to simulate the participation of the spirit in the wedding ceremony. This dual meaning of fur determined its wide distribution in traditional Russian wedding rituals.

Computational aspects of finite-frequency traveltime inversion kernels

Finite-frequency traveltime inversion offers higher accuracy for velocity model building than ray-based traveltime inversion. The adjoint force is the key for the computation of inversion kernels. Starting at the definition of inversion kernels for the acoustic wave equation, we have derived the explicit formula for the spectral distribution density function used in the adjoint force computation. Two formulations are developed for the computation of adjoint forces for receiver-side extrapolation, frequency-domain representation, and time-domain representation. The accuracy of finite-frequency traveltime inversion kernels is benchmarked with the analytical solutions for homogeneous isotropic media. We use wavefront construction to compute the first Fresnel zones for kernel conditioning. Based on dynamic ray tracing, we design a processing procedure guided by synthetic data tests to extract the desired events for wavefield backward extrapolation from the data. Unlike ray-based velocity tomography, finite-frequency inversion can resolve the velocity structures comparable with the size of Fresnel zones as we demonstrate on a marine salt model using ocean-bottom node acquisition geometry. Despite the fact that the inversion kernels are based on Born approximation, velocities with errors up to 20% can be well-resolved. For practical purposes, a simple formulation is given for the determination of the shot spacing. Our workflow for finite-frequency inversion is efficient and converges in only very few iterations.

High Frequency Detail Accentuation in CNN Image Restoration.

Given its nature of statistical inference, machine learning methods incline to downplay relatively rare events. But in many applications statistical outliers carry disproportional significance; they can, if being left without special treatment as of now, cause CNNs to perform unsatisfactorily on instances of interests. This is the reason why existing CNN image restoration methods all suffer from the problem of blurred details. To overcome this weakness, we advocate a new training methodology to sensitize the CNNs to desired events even they are atypical. Specifically for image restoration, we propose a so-called high frequency feature accentuation space that promotes image sharpness and clarity by maximally discriminating the ground truth image and the CNN-restored image in atypical but semantically important features. Then we force the restored image to agree with the ground truth image in the feature accentuation space by including an auxiliary loss term in the training process. This aims at a high degree of agreement of the two images on high frequency constructs such as sharp edges and fine textures, i.e., penalizes image blurs. The new CNN design method is implemented and tested for tasks of image super-resolution and denoising. Experimental results demonstrate the achievement of our design objective.

Applications of shapelet transform to time series classification of earthquake, wind and wave data

Autonomous detection of desired events from large databases using time series classification is becoming increasingly important in civil engineering as a result of continued long-term health monitoring of a large number of engineering structures encompassing buildings, bridges, towers, and offshore platforms. In this context, this paper proposes the application of a relatively new time series representation named “Shapelet transform”, which is based on local similarity in the shape of the time series subsequences. In consideration of the individual attributes distinctive to time series signals in earthquake, wind and ocean engineering, the application of this transform yields a new shape-based feature representation. Combining this shape-based representation with a standard machine learning algorithm, a truly “white-box” machine learning model is proposed with understandable features and a transparent algorithm. This model automates event detection without the intervention of domain practitioners, yielding a practical event detection procedure. The efficacy of this proposed shapelet transform-based autonomous detection procedure is demonstrated by examples, to identify known and unknown earthquake events from continuously recorded ground-motion measurements, to detect pulses in the velocity time history of ground motions to distinguish between near-field and far-field ground motions, to identify thunderstorms from continuous wind speed measurements, to detect large-amplitude wind-induced vibrations from the bridge monitoring data, and to identify plunging breaking waves that have a significant impact on offshore structures.

The discrete Fourier transformation for seasonality and anomaly detection of an application to rare data

PurposeThe discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) has been proven to be a successful method for determining whether a discrete time series is seasonal and, if so, for detecting the period. This paper deals exclusively with rare data, in which instances occur periodically at a low frequency.Design/methodology/approachData based on real-world situations is simulated for analysis.FindingsCycle number detection is done with spectral analysis, period detection is completed using DFT coefficients and signal shifts in the time domain are found using the convolution theorem. Additionally, a new method for detecting anomalies in binary, rare data is presented: the sum of distances. Using this method, expected events which have not occurred and unexpected events which have occurred at various sampling frequencies can be detected. Anomalies which are not considered outliers to be found.Research limitations/implicationsAliasing can contribute to extra frequencies which point to extra periods in the time domain. This can be reduced or removed with techniques such as windowing. In future work, this will be explored.Practical implicationsApplications include determining seasonality and thus investigating the underlying causes of hard drive failure, power outages and other undesired events. This work will also lend itself well to finding patterns among missing desired events, such as a scheduled hard drive backup or an employee's regular login to a server.Originality/valueThis paper has shown how seasonality and anomalies are successfully detected in seasonal, discrete, rare and binary data. Previously, the DFT has only been used for non-rare data.

Probabilistic Reasoning in Context: Socio-cultural Differences in Children’s and Adults’ Predictions about the Fulfillment of Prayers and Wishes

ABSTRACTChildren and adults appreciate that physical action is typically the conduit between individuals’ desires and the fulfillment of those desires. However, certain forms of petitionary thought – e.g., wishing and praying – are believed by many people to influence the external world and fulfill desires without direct physical action. We examine whether children’s and adults’ predictions about the occurrence of desired events differs based on: (1) the ways in which desires are expressed (wishing vs. praying), (2) whether desired events are plausible vs. impossible, and (3) participants’ religious backgrounds. Children ages 3- to 11-years (n = 144) and young adults (n = 85) were read scenarios in which a protagonist either wished or prayed for a desired event to occur. Some of the desired events could plausibly happen with ordinary human intervention and others were impossible, even with human intervention. Preschoolers often predicted that desired events would obtain; with increasing age, participants judged that fewer events would obtain. Participants’ predictions varied by the probability of the desired event – across the entire age-range participants predicted that impossible events would obtain less often than plausible events. Thus, participants’ everyday probabilistic reasoning was imported into their reasoning about the fulfillment of supernatural petitions. Children’s and adults’ religious experiences predicted their judgments that events would obtain if they had been prayed for, but not if they had been wished for. Thus, the effects of socio-cultural experience did not globally pervade children’s and adults’ probabilistic reasoning, but were specific to certain contexts about which they reasoned.

Genome Editing in Agriculture: Technical and Practical Considerations.

The advent of precise genome-editing tools has revolutionized the way we create new plant varieties. Three groups of tools are now available, classified according to their mechanism of action: Programmable sequence-specific nucleases, base-editing enzymes, and oligonucleotides. The corresponding techniques not only lead to different outcomes, but also have implications for the public acceptance and regulatory approval of genome-edited plants. Despite the high efficiency and precision of the tools, there are still major bottlenecks in the generation of new and improved varieties, including the efficient delivery of the genome-editing reagents, the selection of desired events, and the regeneration of intact plants. In this review, we evaluate current delivery and regeneration methods, discuss their suitability for important crop species, and consider the practical aspects of applying the different genome-editing techniques in agriculture.

Hands Ahead in Mind and Motion: Active Inference in Peripersonal Hand Space.

According to theories of anticipatory behavior control, actions are initiated by predicting their sensory outcomes. From the perspective of event-predictive cognition and active inference, predictive processes activate currently desired events and event boundaries, as well as the expected sensorimotor mappings necessary to realize them, dependent on the involved predicted uncertainties before actual motor control unfolds. Accordingly, we asked whether peripersonal hand space is remapped in an uncertainty anticipating manner while grasping and placing bottles in a virtual reality (VR) setup. To investigate, we combined the crossmodal congruency paradigm with virtual object interactions in two experiments. As expected, an anticipatory crossmodal congruency effect (aCCE) at the future finger position on the bottle was detected. Moreover, a manipulation of the visuo-motor mapping of the participants’ virtual hand while approaching the bottle selectively reduced the aCCE at movement onset. Our results support theories of event-predictive, anticipatory behavior control and active inference, showing that expected uncertainties in movement control indeed influence anticipatory stimulus processing.

Incidence, Prevalence, and Duration of Chronic Kidney Disease in Taiwan: Results from a Community-Based Screening Program of 106,094 Individuals

Background/Aims: Taiwan has the highest incidence of end-stage renal disease, which requires renal replacement therapy. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) contributes to this burden. However, the current data on the epidemiologic features of CKD in Taiwan are incomplete. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and incidence of CKD in a population-based study and then estimate the average dwelling time (ADT) in the main clinical burden of CKD (stages 3–5). Methods: A prospective cohort study was designed with an integrated community-based multiple screening program of 106,094 individuals aged ≥20 years in Keelung, Taiwan, in 1999–2009. Prevalence was estimated as the percentage of CKD stages among individuals attending the first screening, and incidence was expressed as the ratio of total desired events in the following period to the total observational time. Finally, ADT was estimated from the ratio of prevalence to incidence. Results: The participants’ mean age was 47.7 ± 15.4 years. The estimated prevalence was 15.46% for total CKD and 9.06% for CKD stages 3–5. The incidence was 27.21/1,000 person-years (PY) for total CKD and 16.89/1,000-PY for CKD stages 3–5. Older patients, males, and those patients with comorbidities of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) exhibited higher prevalence and incidence rates than their opposing counterparts. Moreover, the ADT of CKD stages 3–5 was 5.37 years (95% CI 5.17–5.57). Males and those with comorbidities of DM or MetS had shorter ADTs in CKD stages 3–5 than their opposing counterparts. Interestingly, the ADT of participants with hypertension was longer than those without. Conclusions: The prevalence and incidence of CKD in Taiwan are high. Moreover, ADT in CKD stages 3–5 varied according to sex, age, and comorbidity. Further exploration of the factors associated with the shifting of this duration will shed light on effective CKD management.

CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Mutagenesis: Mind the Gap?

CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Mutagenesis: Mind the Gap?

Well-being and Anticipation for Future Positive Events: Evidences from an fMRI Study

Anticipation for future confers great benefits to human well-being and mental health. However, previous work focus on how people’s well-being correlate with brain activities during perception of emotional stimuli, rather than anticipation for the future events. Here, the current study investigated how well-being relates to neural circuitry underlying the anticipating process of future desired events. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging, 40 participants were scanned while they were performing an emotion anticipation task, in which they were instructed to anticipate the positive or neutral events. The results showed that bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) were activated during anticipation for positive events relative to neutral events, and the enhanced brain activation in MPFC was associated with higher level of well-being. The findings suggest a neural mechanism by which the anticipation process to future desired events correlates to human well-being, which provide a future-oriented view on the neural sources of well-being.

Seismic denoising using the redundant lifting scheme

Separating linear coherent noise, such as ground roll from reflections, remains a key challenge in seismic processing. By adapting the redundant lifting scheme (RLS), a wavelet transform method, to seismic data, we have determined how the wavelet domain can be used to suppress coherent and random noise. The RLS operates on a trace-by-trace basis decomposing each time series into wavelet-coefficient (WC) time series and consequently a single gather (in a shot, receiver, or common depth point domain) into a series of WC subgathers (SGs). The decomposition changes the relative magnitude of WCs of various events (reflection, head wave, ground roll, etc.) from one SG to another without affecting their moveout. In SG(s) in which the WCs of undesired events were significantly stronger than the desired events, the WCs can be surgically muted. Selective muting in carefully chosen SGs attenuates undesired events while having minimal effects on frequency spectra of the desired events. In addition, random noise can be suppressed in the individual SGs by designing a local thresholding mechanism (we have used modified Otsu thresholding) in combination with adaptive Wiener filtering. We have developed this approach of suppressing coherent and random noise in a step-by-step manner first using a synthetic shot gather, followed by demonstration on two real gathers. Our RLS-based denoising method has minimal effects on the lower end of signal frequency spectra, and it could be a valuable tool in a processor’s toolbox when data preconditioning for advanced processing such as waveform inversion, which benefits from low frequencies, is desired.

Entangled States for Improving Noise Immunity in Ultimate Measurements

We show that in some cases, in measurements at the level when quantum limits on accuracy begin to have an appreciable effect, we can use quantum entanglement of states in the studied system for extensive active suppression of background noise. We consider examples in which entanglement provides an “extra degree of freedom”, making it possible to select the desired events while rejecting the noise.