Desire For Respect Research Articles

Landscape of Tragedy: Young Death, Rumour, and Speculation in Early 20th-Century Quebec

The beautiful Aileen Hingston and her dashing beau Shirley Davidson set off on a gentle Sunday morning sail in August 1907. Despite being excellent sailors and swimmers, the couple failed to return to the Hingston summer home at Varennes, a small town just south-east of Montreal, where they were expected for lunch. The sudden, mysterious disappearance of these two young Montreal celebrities captivated the public imagination. While people speculated and gossiped about whether this was a suicide pact, a tragic accident, or a staged escape, the family and friends of Aileen and Shirley were caught in the horror of searching the riverbanks and depths of the St. Lawrence for any sign of their loved ones. For five days, the search for the two young people was relentless and when the end arrived, it was the most tragic denouement. This is a story that is dramatic and harrowing, played out across an urban and rural landscape that was rife with palpable tensions emerging where language, religion, gender, and class clashed. The sensationalism of this tragedy, driven by the youthfulness and celebrity status of the central actors, magnified the way narratives competed: one narrative driven by spectacle and speculation, the other driven by devotion and a desire for respectability. When we unpack this story, paying attention not only to the events themselves but also to the conversations that were happening in the public and private spaces of Montreal, we glean invaluable understandings of the ways these tensions were experienced and, in some instances, mitigated. We see, for example, that capital, both social and material, could provide a buffer from certain types of public disgrace, while private moral judgements were harder to combat and often lingered in the whispered realm of gossip, only emerging in written form once time and space had created enough distance from the trauma.

The characteristics of street codes and competing performances of masculinity on an inner-city housing estate

ABSTRACT With analysis occurring during a heightened concern with the Black Lives Matter movement and knife crime in the U.K., this paper aims to delineate the characteristics of a street code, constituting a specific dominant and often hegemonic form of ‘street masculinity’ found on an inner-city housing estate in London called Maxwell. The fieldwork ran over nine months in 2019, involving 48 Black, Asian, and minority ethnic men aged 18–22. Using an ethnographic methodology, the principal methods of data generation were observations, interviews and informal conversations. The main theories this study draws on to understand ‘street masculinity’ were Connell’s and Messerschmidt’s dominant, hegemonic, subordinate and complicit masculinity forms. Findings centre on data from two young men who exemplify different patterns of masculinity performing the street code. Findings are presented under a series of characteristics that make up the game of the ‘on-road’ street masculinity and include (1) authenticity, ‘swagger’ and not being ‘pussy’; (2) a preparedness for violence; (3) knife-carrying; (4) a presence on the digital street. Although this way of living drove a desire for respect and group status, there was also an underlying and pervasive sense of vulnerability derived from risk-taking and anticipation of danger.

Exploring cognitive dissonance in the correctional nursing experience.

Correctional nurses navigate conflict between custody and caring. Balance is needed between healthcare and security priorities. This study explores the unique nature of nursing practice within correctional settings to inform interventions reducing stress, enhancing coping and mitigating cognitive dissonance among these nurses. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling of nurses practicing in a correctional facility in the Southwestern United States. Thematic analyses identified six themes describing the experiences of nurses in the correctional facility. The themes, "We have a sense of purpose," "We don't trust each other," "We want respect," "We experience unique stress," "It changes who you are," and "We try to leave it all there," describe the need for interventions providing debriefing opportunities, strengthening of relationships with corrections personnel, reflection and stress reduction to ameliorate the potential for cognitive dissonance. Correctional nurses in this study perceived a strong sense of purpose and a desire for respect. They are challenged by relationships with both correctional staff and inmates and perceived a change in who they are due to practice in this challenging environment. Measurable, evidence-based stress relief interventions such as mindfulness practices, reflection interventions, physical activity, prayer and meditation are indicated to address these challenges.

УНИВЕРСИТЕТ СТУДЕНТТЕРІНІҢ МОТИВАЦИЯ ҚҰРЫЛЫМЫНДАҒЫ ЖЕТІСТІККЕ ЖЕТУ ЖӘНЕ СӘТСІЗДІКТЕН ҚОРҚУ МОТИВАЦИЯСЫСЫНЫ ЗЕРТТЕУ

The article analyzes motivation as one of the fundamental problems in psychology. Here, an important place in pedagogical research is occupied by the study of behavior, motivation, especially educational motives. Effective social and pedagogical interaction with a student can not be carried out without taking into account the peculiarities of his motivation. For objectively similar actions of students (for example, the desire to study well), there are various reasons (the desire to become a good specialist, the fear of losing a scholarship, the desire for respect in the group, etc.). Educational motivation is systemic in nature and represents a hierarchy of motives, where one or another group of motives prevails. The phenomenon of transformation of motivational processes, manifested in the process of transition from quantity to quality, in the field of education. Multiple loads of various disciplines of professional specialization lead to the formation of a stereotype in a particular state, reflecting psychological adaptation in the process of multiple educational activities.

Aparajita and Nishith Chetana: the city’s contested fabric

ABSTRACT This article examines self-making projects and the desire for respectability within queer lives in Kolkata, across distinct class-caste affiliations. We argue the desire for queer respectability take virtual forms, sartorial fashioning, and yet remains a convoluted project mirroring Kolkata’s relationship with neoliberal capitalism. The authors engage with a young lesbian identified activist and a young male fashion designer whose sexual identity remains tacit. Their virtual and real interactions reveal how both the characters conceal their caste and class status through projects of sartorial fashion in order to be read as appropriately queer. The article argues for understanding sexual and gender identities in relation with class, and caste status, as well as ethnic and religious identities, thereby revealing how the liberatory potentials of queer activism is a form of emergent neoliberal governmentality within contemporary India.

Transitions to motherhood: young women’s desire for respectability, responsibility and moral worth

ABSTRACT In the UK, teenage motherhood is depicted in the media and government policy as highly negative and problematic. Pregnant and mothering young women are constructed as socially excluded members of society who belong to an assumed underclass who lack responsibility and respectability. This article draws on the views and perspectives of pregnant and mothering young women in the east of England to examine how positive and successful subjects are defined and understood. It is illustrated how this group of working-class young women negotiated and resisted their positioning as ‘unfit’ mothers and ‘bad’ citizens. Central to their narratives was a desire to reassert themselves as respectable and responsible individuals through engaging in education and employment in order to achieve financial independence. It is argued that this notion of respectability provides a limited and limiting understanding of inclusion and moral worth for working-class young women.

Struggling for a dignifying care: experiences of being next of kin to patients in home health care.

Home healthcare services are becoming more complex as a result of changing demographics in society and patients having multiple health problems requiring advanced nursing care. Next of kin often experience that they put their own life on hold, and may feel that they stand alone when life takes an unexpected turn. The aim of this study was to explore next of kin's views of dignity in home healthcare services. This study has a qualitative approach and content analysis was applied. The purposeful sample consisted of next of kin to patients who received services from home healthcare or in nursing homes (n=11). One focus group was conducted in 2016. Five themes emerged from the data analysis concerning struggling for a dignifying care in home healthcare services: Indignity implies double vulnerability, desire for respect and recognition, experiencing responsibility for a dignifying life, undignifying care due to lack of competence, and the home as a common sanctuary is gradually lost. This study highlights the importance of ensuring dignity in care for patients living at home. Next of kin should be seen as a partner with the need for recognition and support. Maintaining human dignity for loved ones requires competence, respect and recognition.

Separating Narcissism From Self-Esteem

Narcissism is a personality trait characterized by a sense of superiority and a desire for respect and admiration from others. A common belief, both in psychology and in popular culture, is that narcissism represents a form of excessive self-esteem. Psychologists, including ourselves, have labeled narcissism as “an exaggerated form of high self-esteem,” “inflated self-esteem,” and “defensive high self-esteem.” We review research that challenges this belief by showing that narcissism differs markedly from self-esteem in its phenotype, its consequences, its development, and its origins. Drawing on emerging developmental-psychological evidence, we propose a distinction between narcissism and self-esteem that is based on the divergent socialization experiences that give rise to them. This proposal clarifies previous findings, stimulates theory development, and creates opportunities for intervention to concurrently raise self-esteem and curtail narcissism from an early age.

International students in transnational mobility: intercultural connectedness with domestic and international peers, institutions and the wider community

International students’ connectedness with their peers, institutions and the broader community significantly affects their learning and wellbeing. It is important to understand their multiple desires for intercultural connectedness in order to nurture it. This paper analyses the motives and nature of international students’ intercultural connectedness. It is based on a study that includes more than 150 interviews and fieldwork with international students and staff from 25 vocational education colleges in Australia. Drawing on Blumer’s symbolic interactionism theory as a conceptual framework, the study found international students’ motivation to engage in intercultural connectedness is linked to not only their desire for respect and recognition for intellectual, cultural and linguistic capacities and diversities but also for employment aspirations. The research shows various dimensions in which intercultural engagement is seen to encompass not only empathy, sociability and equity but also employability. The findings suggest meaningful interaction is essentially bound to reciprocal learning.

Addiction and choice: theory and new data.

Addiction’s biological basis has been the focus of much research. The findings have persuaded experts and the public that drug use in addicts is compulsive. But the word “compulsive” identifies patterns of behavior, and all behavior has a biological basis, including voluntary actions. Thus, the question is not whether addiction has a biology, which it must, but whether it is sensible to say that addicts use drugs compulsively. The relevant research shows most of those who meet the American Psychiatric Association’s criteria for addiction quit using illegal drugs by about age 30, that they usually quit without professional help, and that the correlates of quitting include legal concerns, economic pressures, and the desire for respect, particularly from family members. That is, the correlates of quitting are the correlates of choice not compulsion. However, addiction is, by definition, a disorder, and thereby not beneficial in the long run. This is precisely the pattern of choices predicted by quantitative choice principles, such as the matching law, melioration, and hyperbolic discounting. Although the brain disease model of addiction is perceived by many as received knowledge it is not supported by research or logic. In contrast, well established, quantitative choice principles predict both the possibility and the details of addiction.

Gender-based violence: Young women’s experiences in the slums and streets of three sub-Saharan African cities

Using a social ecological approach (Bronfenbrenner) to violence and including Hobsbawm’s historical analysis of the collective uses of violence, this article shows how gender-based violence is experienced and used. Drawing on three distinct studies in Ghana, Kenya and South Africa, it shows the commonalities and divergence of young people’s experiences of violence. It links the microsystems of school, community, street and family with the larger macrosystems of poverty, government policies, power relations and structural violence. This approach highlights the relationship between the forms of gender-based violence, youth experience, and the marginalized and deprived habitats in which our research was conducted. Violence experienced by young women is shown to be linked to the ways in which young men use violence as vehicles of revenge and retribution, a desire for respect, expression of love of a mother, control over female sexuality and, ultimately, assertion of collective notions of masculinity on the street and in sprawling urban settlements. We conclude by attempting to identify what is needed to challenge the violence inflicted by poverty on young people, especially young women, the denial of their rights, and the violence they inflict on themselves and others.

Taking the Hit: Focusing on Caregiver “Error” Masks Organizational-Level Risk Factors for Nursing Aide Assault

Beliefs about the causes of events have implications for emotional reactions, distress, expectations for the future, and behavioral responses. In this article we report on two issues: the organizational context that contributes to nursing aide (NA) assault and reporting, and serendipitous findings that arose from investigating unexpected response rates to a survey. Data were collected in 11 rural nursing homes using a structured prospective event-reporting diary to collect detailed information about incidents of physical aggression, followed by focus groups to further explore NAs' perceptions of these events. Here we report on analysis of 19 focus groups conducted with 138 NAs. Participants described organizational-level factors that constrained their practice, affected their interactions with residents, and created a context that put them at risk for physical assault. These factors also affected their willingness to provide written documentation about aggressive incidents. The key issues were frustration at being blamed for causing aggression, lack of action to address the problem, and a desire for respect and involvement in decision making. Organizational changes are needed to modify the contextual factors contributing to assault risk. Researchers must be willing to modify study designs to more fully understand the nature of the problem studied.

Mutual Caring of Elderly Korean Couples

The article described the experiences of elderly couples caring for each other using ethnographic methodology. Ten couples were interviewed in depth. The presence of a support system was found to be the primary requirement of elderly couples. Three taxonomies comprised the support system: (a) desire for respect in care, (b) desire for reliance, and (c) expectation. The close linkage and interaction of desire for care, desire for reliance, and expectations were confirmed. The findings suggested establishing a holistic support network for these elders.

Respecting Boundaries

This ethnographic interview study of poor, minority, drug-involved women seeks to fill a gap in the existing research on partner violence by examining the meaning women attach to their own use of violence in their intimate relationships. This paper uses theory and research on symbolic boundaries and resistance to examine what symbolic boundaries study participants draw around violence, and how their desire for respect and respectability influence the boundaries that they draw. This paper highlights the interpretive flexibility of violence as a social phenomenon--a flexibility that allows the women in this study to maintain respectability. Yet, these various interpretations, it is argued, are constrained by the matrix of domination (Collins 2000a) within which women live out their lives.

Cheerleading and the Gendered Politics of Sport

Cheerleading occupies a contested space in American culture and a key point of controversy is whether it ought to be considered a sport. Drawing on interviews with college cheerleaders on coed squads, as well as five years of fieldwork in various cheerleading sites, this paper examines the debate over cheerleading and sport in terms of its gender politics. The bid for sport status on the part of cheerleaders revolves around the desire for respect more than official recognition by athletic organizations; cheerleaders recognize the prestige associated with sport, a function of its historic association with hegemonic masculinity, and they claim that prestige for cheerleading by highlighting its recent transformation into a more athletic, competitive activity that is no longer “just for girls.” However, the support function of college cheerleading, combined with its ”feminine” performance demands, make the bid for sport status controversial. Male cheerleaders in particular distance themselves from the feminine elements of cheerleading because they want to avoid being perceived as gay. The gender politics at work here illustrate both the elasticity of gender categories and the limits of that elasticity, as gendered boundaries are drawn and redrawn between what gets to count as sport and what does not, and as cheerleading simultaneously challenges and reinforces the notion of sport as a male preserve. Because masculinity and femininity are performed side-by-side in coed cheerleading, this research underscores the importance of relational analyses for examining and critiquing the construction of gender and sexuality.

Ethnic Entrepreneurship and Ethnic Identity: A Case Study among the Liangshan Yi (Nuosu) in China

In this article the connection between entrepreneurship and ethnic identity is examined. Two central arguments are put forward. First, market forces and private sector development are diminishing the influence of the clan on Nuosu-Yi entrepreneurs. Although the clan can fulfil important functions in the start-up of new ventures, it also tends to become a burden on successful enterprises. Concurrently, clan-transcending institutions are emerging. Secondly, entrepreneurs oscillate between their roles as bearers of tradition on the one hand and harbingers of modernity on the other. Furthermore I argue that the drawing of borders between Nuosu-Yi and Han entrepreneurs is a significant expression of ethnic identity. Identity is not just an individual process but also a collective one. Consequently the identity-giving impact of entrepreneurship can take place only in interaction with other groups (Han). Nuosu-Yi entrepreneurs develop ethnic consciousness as there exists a strong cultural nationalism among entrepreneurs as well as among other Yi. Their goal is a desire for respect within the Chinese nation state that could be obtained by means of entrepreneurship and economic development.

Doubly Elite: Exploring the Life of John Langalibalele Dube

The first president of the African National Congress, John Langalibalele Dube, is well known as the leading spokesman of his day of Natal's African Christian elite. This article shows that his membership of another elite, that of the Qadi chiefdom, is central to an understanding of the role he played in the 1920s and 1930s in brokering segregationist alliances between white and black interests. The Qadi chief provided critical support to Dube throughout his long career; Dube, in turn, brought much prestige to the chiefdom. Moreover, Dube's connections caused deep rifts and raised many political questions over the idea of Christians associating with traditionalists, not only on his own mission station at Inanda but throughout colonial Natal. Yet his membership of two elites was also of a doubly subjugated kind: Africans suffered inferior status in the eyes of both the state and the church. He fiercely resented and rejected this. Yet his simultaneous desire for respectability and acceptance prevented him from breaking free altogether of the order that entrapped him, and produced in him so many of the ambiguities that Shula Marks has extensively explored.

Love across the color line: the letters of Alice Hanley to Channing Lewis

This book examines a remarkable collection of twenty-seven letters written by a white working-class woman to her African American lover in 1907 and 1908. Stuffed inside a black lace stocking, the letters were hidden under the floorboards of a house in Northampton, Massachusetts, until their recent discovery. Reflecting the passions and anxieties of the moment, the letters were written by Alice Hanley, the daughter of Irish Catholic immigrants, to Channing Lewis, a cook in Springfield. Since the thoughts and feelings of women like Hanley have usually been filtered through middle-class reformers, her words provide a rare window into a realm of American social life seldom explored by historians. The letters are accompanied by essays that skillfully probe their larger meanings. Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz introduces the letters, placing them in the context of their time, while journalist Phoebe Rolin Mitchell recounts the story of their discovery. Kathy Peiss explores Hanley's life, her negotiation of illicit love, and her desire for respectability, re-creating a dense and textured world of home, church, and town. Historian Louis Wilson unearths the trail left by Lewis and members of his extended family in Springfield. Reviewing the experiences of African Americans in that city, Wilson clarifies the economic, social, and political position of a black, middle-aged breadwinner during the difficult years of the early twentieth century.