Design Of Microcontroller Research Articles

Design of Microcontroller Based Power Supply Unit with Multiple Input and Output

This innovative project showcases a versatile power supply module, capable of delivering both AC and DC outputs, regardless of the input power source. This user-friendly device offers multiple output options from a single unit, catering to diverse power requirements. At its core, a microcontroller (8051) expertly manages the switch and relay configuration, ensuring seamless operation. Through rigorous simulation (Matlab/Simulink) and practical testing (prototype device), our results demonstrate the module's effectiveness in providing a reliable, multi-output power supply solution, enhancing convenience and efficiency.

A Design and implementation of a sustainable microcontroller based solar power automatic water irrigation control and monitoring system

The major cause of the shortage of land reserve water owing to the lack of rainfall makes the proper operation of irrigation systems extremely important. A major concern for farmers these days is water scarcity. Pakistan is an important agricultural nation and major part of economy depend on agriculture. This study analyses the soil moisture monitoring and automatic plant watering system since it is really helpful in all kinds of weather. In this study a prototype is design and implement using Arduino-based automation sensors are employed for the control and observation of a solar powered smart irrigation system. An Arduino based remote irrigation system developed for the agricultural plantation, which is placed at a remote location and requires water, provides for plantation when the moisture of the earth drives under the set-point rate which turns on the pump on autopilot. An estimation was carried for solar power energy potential agriculture system condition using soil and humidity sensors. The measurements and mathematical formulation were observed to monitor effectivity of solar based power generation. This analysis is conducted for 20 Watt power panel integrated with 5-watt electrical drive with battery capacity 1200 m-Ah. A modified energy model was used to determine the agricultural load for a 5-watt dc motor. The results showed a cumulative analysis to implement this system inspired by smart sustainable clean renewable energy technologies which meet the farmer’s demands significantly increase the productivity of farming and reduce wastage of water and energy.

Automatic Switching of Three Phase Induction Motor during Fault Condition

Abstract: Three-Phase Induction Motor Automated Transition in Defective Conditions Maintaining the effective operation of three-phase induction motors is crucial in a variety of industrial contexts. However, malfunctions such as phase inconsistency, voltage drop, and overcurrent can seriously impair motor performance, leading to loss of operation and possible damage. This article introduces an automatic switching method designed to improve the fault-tolerance capacity of induction motors in order to address these issues. The system uses advanced fault detection algorithms to identify abnormal conditions quickly and enable a seamless transition to backup power or other configurations. It also incorporates preventive measures to guard against phase abnormalities and voltage variations that could harm the motor. Through simulation and real-world testing, the suggested system's dependability and effectiveness are confirmed, highlighting its potential to guarantee continuous motor running in industrial applications, a three-phase induction motor must be automatically switched on. A two-motor system a primary motor and a backup motor is shown in this study. If the primary motor fails, the backup motor is automatically turned on. Microcontroller design controls the entire switching process.

Design of Microcontrollers Based Smart Battery Management System Enhancement for Off - Grid Remote Homes

Design of Microcontrollers Based Smart Battery Management System Enhancement for Off - Grid Remote Homes

Abstract TP288: Selective Brain Hypothermia Induced by Thermoelectric Cooling

Background: Stroke or Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) are leading causes of disability and death in the United States. Hypothermia is a known neuronal protectant. Current hypothermia interventions include intravascular, intranasal, and surface brain cooling technologies but these interventions have not been well utilized clinically. Cooling the brain a few degrees below normothermia (T<36°C) has been shown to yield significant neuroprotective effects. Noninvasive surface cooling methods are most desirable given their less patient complications, provided the desired therapeutic hypothermia effect (T 33-36°C) can be maintained. Method: These investigators propose a novel noninvasive solid state technology that employs addressable Peltier thermoelectric cooling elements to generate hypothermia. ThermoPelt’s closed-looped microcontroller design provides the ability to address individual Peltier elements to selectively reduce the temperature of localized regions of the brain, thus allowing precision therapeutic hypothermic conditions to be realized. Results: Assessment of ThermoPelt performance was accomplished with use of virtual prototype (engineering mathematical model representations of the brain) and early, in vitro experimental physical prototype testing. Preliminary results obtained from virtual and physical prototype tests verify ThermoPelt feasibility to achieve hypothermic conditions. Conclusion: In this new method of generating hypothermia, the preliminary findings demonstrate that our noninvasive ThermoPelt technology is capable of reducing brain temperature at controlled rates to selectively target specific head and neck regions.

Signal Characterization in the Design of Triac and Microcontroller Based Domestic Alternating Current (AC) Voltage Stabilization System

Fluctuation in sinusoidal mains voltage is nothing but the change in magnitude of voltage, which normally exceed or goes below the steady state voltage range prescribed by some standards. This work proposes to achieve AC voltage stabilization by using feed-forward technique to apply directly the characterized mains sensor voltage which, is representative of the mains AC voltage fluctuation of 80-280V, to PIC16F877A microcontroller. The key innovation of the network is the novel ability to infer and select the triac that is connected to one of the auto-transformer tapings with an AC voltage of approximately 220V across it, as the output voltage of the stabilizer. Besides, the system also has a protective mechanism to de-select all the triacs in under/over voltage situations of 78V and 282V respectively. Comprehensive simulation and real-time results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance on 80-280V range mains voltage fluctuations.

NOBEL-BOX: Development of a Low-Cost Ship-Based Instrument for Ocean Monitoring.

This research aims to develop an inexpensive ocean observation instrument with the project name NOBEL (Nusantara Oceanography Backdoor Experiment Laboratory)-BOX. The device can be installed on all types of vessels for mapping the water conditions, providing accurate data for managing a marine area, particularly regarding water quality. The principle of NOBEL-BOX is to attach six sensors in a container connected to a microcontroller and then measure specific data directly and automatically. The methodology employed included experimental design, laboratory and field tests, and data evaluation to develop the necessary system and instruments. The design process encompassed the construction of the instrument and the fabrication, involving the creation of three-dimensional drawings and the design of microcontrollers and data transmission systems and power capacity. This instrument is box-shaped with a microcontroller, sensors, a battery, and cables located inside. The testing phase included data validation, testing of the device in the laboratory, and field testing showed that the device worked. The data provided from this instrument could meet the specific criteria for seawater analysis.

Microcontroller design based on dynamic heterogeneous redundancy architecture

Microcontroller design based on dynamic heterogeneous redundancy architecture

Design of Cost-Effective Microcontroller Based Load Controller with Data Logging for Standalone Electric Plant

Maintaining the voltage and frequency fluctuation using a hydraulic governor in Standalone Micro- Hydro Projects (SMHEP) is costlier than the generator itself. So, an Electronics Load Controller (ELC) is used to regulate output power of generator used in the SMHEP. Developments in the ELCs will play an important role in increasing the efficiency and life span of the power plant thereby providing a lot of space for the further improvements. This paper analyzes the current trends and tries to identify their limitations and suggest a novel approach in designing a cost effective ELC system with the capabilities of data logging. In this study software simulation was carried out in Proteus, while the experimental model was designed using microcontroller and integrated sensor system. Both the software and hardware implementations showed positive results. The experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions in which the proposed model successfully diverted the excess power to connected dump loads and allowed the generator to generate the power at full load with efficient data logging and graphical user interface. Keyword: Data Acquisition, Electronic Ballasts, Load Management, Sensor Systems and Applications, Standalone Power Supply

Design and Verification of LC3 Microcontroller

Abstract: The main focus of the work is on utilising System Verilog to verify and debug the LC-3 Microcontroller, a 16-bit RISC processor. The utilised LC-3 Design Under Test (DUT) contains numerous flaws in the Fetch, Decode, Execute, and Controller sub-design units as well as flaws throughout. Numerous intricate SV features, including OOPS, Randomization, Functional Coverage, Assertions, and UVM, are used to identify the problems. For testing and determining the origin of design problems, the System Verilog Hardware Verification Language is combined with the Mentor Graphics Questa Simulation Environment. As long as it adheres to the design standards, the LC-3 microcontroller used for verification is presumed to function flawlessly. Otherwise, any behaviour that is not in line with the design specifications is considered a bug. The paper offers an effective approach for Verification Engineers in the Embedded Systems Industry to use System Verilog, the newest trend in the EDA Industry today, as their preferred language for debugging.

The Design of Microcontroller Based Early Warning Fire Detection System for Home Monitoring

Fire is a type of disaster that can occur anytime and anywhere as a result of any accidental or intentional causes. Without exception, houses are also very vulnerable to fire. To anticipate the catastrophic effects of fire that can destroy houses, advanced technology, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) can be utilized to detect the smoke and fire. This study aims to design an early warning fire detection system for home monitoring using smoke detection sensors based on Arduino microcontroller together with NodeMCU ESP8266. This early warning fire detection system is expected to function by notifying homeowners when detecting the presence of smoke in their homes. With the aid of this detection system, the issue of potential damage, death, or material loss caused by fire can be significantly reduced. The results and testing of the designed system will be discussed in the paper.

The Myth of the Harvard Architecture

The label “Harvard architecture” has been applied to various computing devices where instructions and data are stored in separate memories. In the Harvard Mark III/IV the decision to separate the stores was motivated by a desire to optimize each form of storage, not by Aiken's oft-quoted antagonism toward “self-modifying code,” which was anyway not justified even at the time, and would become a liability with the emergence of operating systems. The term “Harvard architecture” was coined decades later, in the context of microcontroller design, retrospectively applied to the Harvard machines, and subsequently applied to RISC microprocessors with separated caches. The so-called “Harvard” and “von Neumann” architectures are often portrayed as a dichotomy, but the various devices labeled as the former have far more in common with the latter than they do with each other.

Design and analysis of Microcontroller based air scrubber using ANSYS CFD

The important part for human survival is air the and growing pollution in the environment is a major concern for mankind therefore there is a need for a device is that can remove the gaseous components in the air molecules. With the use of thermoplastic elements, gas-liquid absorption can occur. The concept of scrubber for the absorption of gases was introduced in late 1980 and with the growth of modern techniques, the gas liquids absorption and phase change is been studied for a very long time. A packed column is process equipment, and it is widely used in industries that produce toxic elements. Bed scrubber washing technique for removal of gaseous contaminants to a large extent bus stop with the use of a microcontroller for monitoring the emissions the basic idea of installing this machine in the end or environment for residential and commercial use is a need of the hour. The work relates to the design and performance of the back scrubber and the study of the practical approach results by using it in an indoor environment. The use of IoT in this process is enhancing its quality and we are adding a step towards optimizing the air pollution standards. As the government has taken a lot of efforts for halting the growth of air contaminants by implementing some loss on engine combustion so the work is innovation in the field of air pollution and control.

Design and Architecture of LPC2148 Microcontroller

This paper gives an overview of LPC2148 architecture and its processes in a device implementing this microcontroller. ARM7TDMI is a core processor module embedded in many ARM7 microprocessors. ARM7TDMI is capable of executing Thumb instruction set. It is featured with IEEE Std. 1149.1 JTAG boundary-scan debugging interface and Multiplier-And-Accumulate (MAC) unit for DSP applications. It is also featured with the support of embedded In-Circuit Emulator provides three pipe stages, i.e., instruction fetch, decode, and execution.

Design and Development of Microcontroller Based Agroponic Agriculture System

Currently, the traditional agriculture is being transformed into smart agriculture using the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. An agriculture service platform is being developed to help with environmental monitoring and to improve agricultural management. Various climate condition parameters are vital to be monitored for agriculture for ensuring optimal growth conditions. The crop production regulation, and climate change has negative impact on agriculture and food production due to excess rainfall, temperature changes, and other associated environmental variations. Different type of plants has its own need of fertilization and water where poor management of water and fertilization will lead to unhealthy crops and shorten their lifespan. The goal of this study is to design and develop a plant management system based on sensors and microcontroller. The input of the system includes pH, temperature, and soil moisture alongside real-time clock module. The system uses LoRa for data transmission that will allow the data to be transmitted up to 1 km distance. The system will optimize the plant watering leading to more efficient water usage. Moreover, this system will have a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that will allow user to provide plant watering schedule for the user. This system has been successfully tested based on several experiments. This system can be used for both indoor and outdoor plants

Comparative analysis of microcontrollers from the Arduino family and other compatible ones

This work concerns the design, creation and testing of popular microcontrollers from the Arduino family, and oth-er selected ones, compatible with the Arduino Software (IDE). The purpose of the tests was to conduct a comparative analysis of selected devices in terms of various aspects of their operation. The following features were thoroughly ana-lyzed: the speed of calculations, heat generation by the device, quality of the received Wi-Fi signal (for those devices that have

Metadata based padring and pad multiplexing generation for microcontroller design

Defining padring and its pad interconnections is one of the most time consuming steps of a microcontroller SoC design. Also, multiple device features plus testability in limited pinout packages entails more functions shared per pin. As such, the number of padring connections and complexity exponentially grows at each new design. This paper describes a methodology to configure pad connections and select correct pad cells. The methodology works out technology and function definitions for each pin using new and previous designs data stored in a metadata database in order to generate the padring RTL code for the SoC. This methodology was proven with Freescale microcontrollers, among them to check the padring connection of the commercial microcontroller MC9S08MP16 [1], and was used to implement both MC9S08QB8 [2] and MC9S08SC4 [3] microcontrollers, which resulted in reduced design time in order of 10 folds, along with high quality generated RTLs.

Design of Microcontroller Based Fire Detector with Output Warning SMS Information and Automatic Extinguisher

Conflagration is an unpredictable tragedy. It may occur whether in the woodland areas or in the residential areas. Typically, it would only be recognized if indeed the flames spread and the smoke intensified. This study aims to detect fires using the MQ-2 smoke sensor, DS18b20 temperature sensor, and fire sensor. Using Arduino Uno as the controller, this system’s output is in the form of an alarm buzzer, Short Message Service (SMS) information using SIM800L, and an automatic fire pump. This system operates to detect the temperature shifts, the smoke concentration and the existence of a fire point which triggers an alarm in the form of a siren if two out of the three sensors are activated. It, then, sends information by Short Message Service (SMS) and automatically triggers the pump as the result. The fire sensor can detect hotspots with a maximum distance of 80 cm and the DS18b20 temperature sensor has an average reading error of 0.27 ° C with a maximum reading error of 0.5 ° C. The MQ-2 smoke sensor can detect smoke where the change in smoke concentration is directly proportional to the sensor output voltage. There are three conditions to determine fire conditions, namely the temperature sensor reads more than equal to 55 ° C and the fire sensor is active, or the temperature sensor reads more than equal to 55 ° C and the smoke sensor reads more than equal to 1000 ppm, or the fire sensor is active and smoke sensor reads greater than equal to 1000 ppm.

Hardware Design and Implementation of Microcontroller Based Reduced Switch Multilevel Inverter Topology for Harmonic Studies Using MRPWM

ABSTRACTMultilevel inverter (MLI) is the recent advancement in power electronics which employed to synthesize a high-quality output voltage waveform. This paper focuses on developing a single phase modified nine-level inverter with the reduced number of switches for improving the quality of output voltage waveform. Single carrier and multireference Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique is utilized for generating the switching pulses. The proposed topology consists of a single DC source, level generation part (balancing capacitor and bidirectional switches) and polarity generation part (H-Bridge). The operation of the proposed topology is examined for generating 9-level output voltage using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The result of the proposed topology is verified through laboratory-based prototype model. For experimental setup, the switching pulses are generated by PIC16F877A microcontroller. This proposed lab experimental and simulation can be used to study the value of %THD at output side of the inverter.

Access Control & Security Alarm System for BTS Management with Microcontroller

This paper describes the design of Microcontroller based security and Access control system for use in Mobile base station premises. The system combines Microcontroller technology and Mobile Network to accomplish the required task. When the Visitor sends Short Message Service (SMS) to the centre office, the Centre office detects a mobile number, and then the system captures the user image and scans the database for a match. If both the Database image and captured image belong to a registered user, access is granted. When an unauthorized user opens the base station door without permission from centre office system turns on the alarm and the system captures the unauthorized user image. That system captures and sends the unauthorized user image to the centre office and the system turns on the alarm.