Design Of Mechanical Transmission Research Articles

Motion, Static Force, and Efficiency Analysis of Planetary Gear Transmission Based on Graph Theory

This paper employs graph theory to analyze kinematic relationships, static force, and power flow for planetary gear systems. We start from the graphs of these trains to determine all the structurally distinct kinematic inversions. We then obtain all the constructive solutions resulting from every possible combination of gear configuration. Based on the kinematic and static force analysis model, related matrices are acquired. Hence, a kinematic and static force analysis of the planetary gear mechanism is achieved. The link power can be determined by the link speed and torque. Power flow diagrams of each gear are acquired. The efficiency is calculated by the transmission ratio method. This analysis is useful in the design of power transmission applications. A planetary gear system of a 6HP26 automatic transmission is further illustrated for the motion, static force, and efficiency calculations by using graph theory technique and matrix equations. This paper provides a guide for engineers in gear transmission fields to easily finish mechanical transmission design.

Comparative analysis concerning the state of stress for involute gears using ISO, AGMA standards and Finite Element Method

Researchers must review numerous standardized criteria that determine the design of mechanical transmissions with gears in order to keep up with current developments in mechanical engineering practice. In classical design there are various standards concerning the calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears. Both of them are further used to evaluate the state of stress due to bending of the tooth. There are many criteria for calculating the load capacity of spur and helical gears in traditional design. Both of them are also used to assess the state of stress caused by tooth bending. The purpose of this study is to compare the results of calculations using ISO and AGMA standards to those obtained using the FE approach. In this analysis, the two methods embodied in ISO and AGMA standards (ISO standards 6336-1,2,3: 2003 and AGMA Standard 2101 – D04) and FE method are used for all of the following: gear, geometry, working conditions, applied load, in static conditions of load, for helical involute gears transmission. This problem was solved with the use of Unigrafix NX and ANSYS environments and generation of results which are complaret to ISO 6336 and AGMA D04. In this paper, the helical gear is modelled using NX software and the helical gear operation is analysed using ANSYS. All results of the three procedures were compared.

Hydraulic Lifting and Rotating System Lifting Machinery Transmission Control Design

With the continuous improvement of the level of intelligence in the construction machinery industry, as one of the core technologies in the hydraulic lifting and rotating system, the lifting transmission control system has become a key factor in determining the performance of the elevator. As a hydraulic lifting machine with high protection level and powerful functions, the mechanical transmission controller has been recognized by the market. This study is based on the design of lifting machinery transmission control of hydraulic lifting and rotating system and studies the lifting mechanism transmission system in the hydraulic lifting and rotating system required for engineering operation. According to the functional characteristics of the transmission controller of the lifting mechanism, the control system scheme is designed. On this basis, the system design of the lift machinery transmission control and, according to this design, the functions of driving speed control and transmission mode switching are studied. Starting from the movement mechanism of hydraulic continuous lifting technology, this research carried out the principle design of mechanical transmission control, related calculations, selection of hydraulic components, corresponding simulations, structural design of mechanical transmission, and tests of hydraulic power systems. Finally, the control system was verified through simulation experiments, and technical difficulties such as the liquid supply mode of the large-flow system, the selection of standby working conditions, and the reliability and safety design were solved. It can be seen from the simulation results that, as the displacement ratio increases, the system efficiency increases, reaching more than 70%. When the valve opening reaches 20° when the valve port is closed, the efficiency of the power control valve reaches 95%. It can be seen that the control system established in this study has more advantages in power and economy. The transmission control system of hoisting machinery designed in this study can give greater play to its transmission efficiency and significantly reduce the working time and intensity of the operator.

Design and optimization investigation on hydraulic transmission and energy storage system for a floating-array-buoys wave energy converter

The energy density of wave power in China is relatively low compared with that of the wave power in Europe. Simply improving the shape or size of the energy-capturing mechanism for a wave energy converter (WEC) cannot directly result in a larger energy output. Instead, a solution of array-type energy-capturing mechanism integrating marine structure bares practical application potential to increase the power take-off (PTO) productivity. To exploit the conditions in China, a WEC system integrating oscillating-array-buoys with a floating platform is proposed and sea trials of a 10 kW prototype confirmed the feasibility of the floating-array-buoys WEC (FABWEC) system for wave energy conversion. However, sea trials data indicated that the energy conversion performance of the mechanical transmission design in the FABWEC system was relatively poor under the low wave energy density, suggesting the urgency of improving energy conversion and storage system to the increase of system performance. Herein, a hydraulic transmission and accumulator system (HTAS) is designed to replace the original mechanical transmission and flywheel system (MTFS), aiming to enhance the total energy conversion performance of the FABWEC system. The hydrodynamic simulation and numerical solution of the wave energy capture mechanism in the FABWEC system are carried out to facilitate the design and main components selection of the HTAS. And then the simulation and optimization of the designed HTAS are performed by the hydraulic simulation software. It is worth noting that there have been few reports on the operating performance of the HTAS with respect to buoys. In the hydraulic optimization process, the final optimization parameters of the HTAS are obtained by comparing the dynamic characteristics of the system, including system pressure, flow rate, motor torque and angular velocity, under the conditions with or without accumulator, with different buoy numbers and with different buoy phase differences. The simulated results show that the accumulator could effectively damp out the fluctuations in output power to turn the wave energy into a dispatchable power source; The energy conversion and output performances of the HTAS behave better with the increase of the buoys number and buoys phase difference, but the space and cost factors need to be taken into consideration in the actual operation; Within the research scope of this paper, the HTAS has an optimal performance for energy conversion and output when the number of buoys on one side of the floating platform is 5 and the phase difference between the buoys is 60°; Under the optimized conditions, the average output power of the hydraulic motor after stable operation of the HTAS can reach 5.8 kW. Significantly, the optimized HTAS could deliver the required electricity power steadily under the low wave energy density and has been practically applied to the next generation FABWEC prototype.

Calculation and design of mechanical transmissions with the help of various computer-aided design in conditions of educational process

The field of application of computer-aided design (CAD) is an integral part of the design of real-world products of construction, lifting-and-transportation, road vehicles, as well as the design of electronic products. Computer-aided design allow you to solve the most time-consuming and time-consuming tasks, carry out calculations, help you to represent the most accurate visualization of an object (3D visualization). The calculation and design of mechanical transmissions using CAD, which form the basis of most working machines, is an important component of the educational process in the training of future specialists in technical areas. In this work, some modules of computer-aided design have been analyzed to apply them to the educational process in the calculation of mechanical transmissions.

Analysis of Shape and Dimensional Deformation of the Gear Made by Digital Light Processing (DLP) Additive Technology and Measured by Industrial Tomography

Industrial tomography is currently the fastest growing sector of non-destructive research. Until recently, the use of computed tomography in industry has been limited mostly to defects in materials due to lack of accuracy. Modern measuring machines combining metrology and tomography can extract information about the external geometry and volume of the part with high precision from a single scan. This article deals with the transmission gearing scanning, which is a functional component used in the mechanical transmission design. It is imperative that it does not contain internal defects that can largely render the transmission ineffective due to the strain caused by stress. The component is produced by Digital Light Processing (DLP) additive technology. The chosen production method ensures greater strength of the part. The part will be made of material call as „Proto GRY “on a FabPro1000 printer from the company 3D Systems, Inc. The production process of the model will depend on the change in the orientation of the part.

Theoretical and Experimental Research of Spherical Roller Transmissions

Передачи с промежуточными телами качения в настоящее время используются для решения специальных инженерных задач. Они имеют низкую материалоемкость и высокую нагрузочную способность, так как передача мощности осуществляется по нескольким параллельным потокам, число которых равно числу тел качения. К недостаткам многих конструкций, препятствующих широкому использованию в промышленности, относят низкий КПД и недостаточную надежность. В статье рассмотрены вопросы расчета и проектирования передач, у которых траектории центров масс тел качения расположены на сферических поверхностях. Ролики взаимодействуют со сферическими кулачками, образующими пространственные замкнутые периодические беговые дорожки. Преимуществами являются небольшие осевые и радиальные габариты, возможность объединения в конструкции одного механизма редукторного узла и угловой муфты. Рассмотрены конструкции сферических роликовых передач, проведен сравнительный анализ двух- и трехзвенных механизмов, представлены результаты силового анализа и произведена теоретическая оценка потерь мощности. Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований КПД и шумовых характеристик разработанных редукторов. Обосновывается вывод о конкурентоспособности сферических роликовых передач как передач общемашиностроительного назначения в диапазонах передаточных отношений 3…15, частот вращения валов не более 3000 мин-1.

Product Evaluation in Stages Based on Robust Design

Based on the study and analysis of product design evaluation, structure model of product evaluation in stages based on robust design is presented, and the key technologies are studied. Robust design aims to develop a product that satisfies design requirements while ensuring minimal effects of environmental variability on product performance. The different methods of robust design are applied in product evaluate according to design stage characteristics. Based on mechanical transmission design, a design evaluation system is implemented with the computer. The system is help for concurrent product development in whole life cycle.

Research on Knowledge Representation in Choosing Mechanical Transmission Type

To tackle the knowledge representation problem in developing intelligent conceptual design system, a BP network based approach is proposed, in which the related knowledge regarded various mechanical transmissions can be acquired and represented with the trained weight and threshold of neural network if they are turned into numerical data, encoded with binary strings, employed as learning samples, and fed into the constructed BP neural network. In a sense, the trained neural network can be used as a knowledge base of expert system to facilitate the choosing process of mechanical transmission. This paper provides a promising approach to deal with the automation of knowledge representation in conceptual design of mechanical transmission.

Application of Sintered Steel for Synchronizer Rings Used in Mechanical Transmissions

Synchronizer rings are mechanical components that equalize the gear rotation to be engaged with the sliding sleeve. It is done by the friction property of the synchronizer ring material. Different types of materials are used to manufacture synchronizer rings depending on the application. There are basically two groups of material: dual function, structural and friction properties (Cu-Zn alloys, Al-Si alloys, etc.) and single function, only structural property (rolled and sintered steels, Cu-Zn alloys, Al alloys, etc.). The objective of this work was to propose a solution to the synchronizer ring structural material of a new mechanical transmission design. This component was initially designed with a Cu-Zn alloy and showed premature failure on synchronizer teeth during tests. To eliminate this problem several technical alternatives were analyzed considering the best cost and benefits ratio, defining to use the sintered steel FLC-4908 per MPIF Standard 35.

Creative Combination Simulation System Design of Mechanical Transmission Based on Image

The assembly of a creative combination of mechanical transmission necessitates a certain level of theoretical knowledge and practical skills. College students often lack the capability to effectively apply such theories and skills together. Such a lack results in the low efficiency and poor results in corresponding experiments. In order to solve the problem, an images show is used to simulate the assembly process of a creative combination experiment of mechanical transmission. The assembly path is described through a binary tree. The corresponding relationship between the binary tree and assembly related information is established. Interactive operation of the assembly process is achieved. The system is simple, fast and with no need of large professional software. Typical microcomputers will meet the experiments requirements and purpose.