Design Of Magnetic Field Sensor Research Articles

Design of magnetic field sensor with software for a wide range of applications

The abstract of the paper outlines a highly efficient wirelessly magnetic field-based information transmission method, enabling real-time data acquisition. Emphasizing stringent demands on magnetic devices for high sensitivity across a wide range of field strengths, it highlights the need for rapid response times and minimal power consumption. The paper introduces a prefabricated magnetic sensor programmed on an Arduino board using Hall’s Effect. This principle exploits electron transfer within a conductor under a magnetic field, inducing a transverse potential difference. Meticulously chosen solid-state materials and geometries generate detectable pulses, subsequently amplified for measuring various magnetic field components. Operating within a voltage range of 2.7-6.5V, aligned with the Arduino's 5V standard, the sensor demonstrates zero signal levels at 2.25-2.75V. Sensitivity ranges from 1.0-1.75 mV/gauss, mandating pre-calibration for accuracy, facilitated by a pre-calibration function or reset button. Output voltage ranges from 1.0-4.0V when powered by 5V, suitable for analog-to-digital conversion. With a minimum measurement range of ±650 gauss, typically extending to ±1000 gauss, and a swift response time of 3 ms, the sensor allows measurements up to tens of kHz. Operating currents between 6-10 mA are suitable for battery-powered applications, while a temperature-induced error of 0.1%/°C equates to 3 mT. Notably, the sensor measures magnetic fields along and perpendicular to the axis. To enhance accessibility and accuracy, a specialized Python-based software tool has been developed, featuring automatic sensor identification. This abstract encapsulates the paper's focus on advancing magnetic field measurement technology with practical implications for diverse applications.

Использование техники подмоделирования для сокращения временных затрат моделирования дистанционных датчиков магнитного поля

Currently, various magnetic field sensors located at a distance from the signal source are widely used in technology. The development and optimization of the designs of such sensors is often carried out using computer modeling, which requires not only large computing resources, but also significant time costs. Thus, the development and application of special methods to reduce the time spent on modeling these converters are relevant. The solution of differential equations in the magnetic field model of the converter is performed using the finite element method implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics program. The solution of the chain model is obtained based on the general provisions of the theory of circuits using the built-in electric circuit editor in the COMSOL Multiphysics program. The use of a submodeling technique is proposed to solve transient processes in magnetic field sensors with a magnetic circuit and located at a great distance from the signal source. It is proposed to use the solution of a two-dimensional model as initial conditions. A technique to determine the size of a submodel is presented by comparing the results of two two-dimensional models, one of which does not consider the magnetic circuit. The factors influencing the effectiveness of the proposed technique are determined. The developed submodel tuning technique reduces the simulation time of magnetic field sensors with an error of replacing the complete model with a submodel of no more than 1 %. Application of the proposed submodeling technique will improve the efficiency of the design of magnetic field sensors.

Design of Linear Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Periodically Magnetized Cold Plasma

We have analyzed the impact of a linear magnetic field on the photonic band gaps exhibited by bulk cold plasma, under external square-wave-like periodic magnetic field of fixed magnitude, conceived as an extrinsic photonic crystal. Here photonic band gaps are determined using transfer matrix method (TMM). Here, the impact of an additional linear magnetic field is determined on the band gaps of plasma photonic crystal with constant magnitude of square like periodic magnetic field, for normal incidence. We determine how the additional and magnetic magnetic field affects the photonic band structure (PBS) and reflectance for such extrinsic photonic crystal. It is noted that, as we increase the additional applied magnetic field, the central frequency of band gaps is shifted toward higher frequency regions in GHz. The band edge increases linearly with the applied magnetic field. The shifting in lower band edge less as compared to upper edge. Sensor is a device which detect the stimuli and give output, and many physical parameters can be measured by sensors. The shifting of band edges can be utilized in design of magnetic field sensor. Here shifting in band gaps by variation in the additional applied magnetic field are determined. The larger value of sensitivity gives a good result for sensing-based application. This analysis is based on the band gaps of extrinsic photonic crystal, and can be employed in design of magnetic field sensor with good sensitivity. Moreover, it can find applications in tunable optical devices.

Quantum magnetoresistance in Si <B, Ni> whiskers

It was studied the electrical magnetoresistance of nickel-and boron-doped filamentary silicon crystals in which a metal-insulator transition is observed. A giant magnetoresistance reaches up to 280% in the Si whiskers with doping concentration of boron р300K = 5⋅1018 cm−3 in the magnetic fields with induction up to 14 T at temperature 4.2 K. Peculiarities of magnetoresistance at low temperatures were shown to be caused by “core-shell” structure of crystals. A giant magnetoresistance nature was considered within quantum magnetoresistance model. The analysis was performed to determine the critical field of transition from classical parabolic magnetoresistance to quantum magnetoresistance, realized in the near-surface region of the crystal. The silicon whiskers were used for design of magnetic field sensors.

RESEARCH ON A MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR WITH A FREQUENCY OUTPUT SIGNAL BASED ON A TUNNEL-RESONANCE DIODE

Based on the consideration of physical processes in a tunnel-resonant diode under the action of a magnetic field, the construction of an autogenerating magnetic field sensor with a frequency output signal is proposed. The use of devices with negative differential resistance makes it possible to significantly simplify the design of magnetic field sensors in the entire RF frequency range. Depending on the operating modes of the sensor, an output signal can be obtained in the form of harmonic oscillations, as well as in the form of pulse oscillations of a special form.
 The study of the characteristics of the magnetic field sensor is based on the complete equivalent circuit of the tunnel-resonant diode. The equivalent circuit takes into account both the capacitive and inductive properties of the tunneling resonant diode. The inductive component exists under any operating conditions, as a result of the fact that the current flowing through the device is always lagging behind the voltage that caused it, which corresponds to the inductive response of a tunnel-resonant diode.