Design Of Learning Activities Research Articles

Examining the Learning Style Preferences of Offenders at the Johannesburg Female Correctional Centre, South Africa

This study examined the learning style preferences of offenders at the Johannesburg Female Correctional Centre, South Africa. Followed a quantitative approach and used cross-sectional survey design. Enu-meration sampling technique was applied due to small size of the pop-ulation (n = 571). Data were collected from 402 participants, yielding to response rate of 70.40%. A Kolb Learning Style Questionnaire was used to collect data. Kolb ‘s instrument can assess learning styles and provide a valuable framework for the design and management of learn-ing activities. The results show that many offenders strongly prefer di-verging/reflector learning style. This learning style influence the of-fenders’ learning experiences to a great extent. It is recommended that the South African Department of Correctional Services should consider providing customised training programmes to build the capacity of teachers/facilitators/learning designers so that they are able to ac-commodate the diverse learning styles of offenders during the classes and/or rehabilitation programmes.

Co‐designing enduring learning analytics prediction and support tools in undergraduate biology courses

AbstractEven highly motivated undergraduates drift off their STEM career pathways. In large introductory STEM classes, instructors struggle to identify and support these students. To address these issues, we developed co‐redesign methods in partnership with disciplinary experts to create high‐structure STEM courses that better support students and produce informative digital event data. To those data, we applied theory‐ and context‐relevant labels to reflect active and self‐regulated learning processes involving LMS‐hosted course materials, formative assessments, and help‐seeking tools. We illustrate the predictive benefits of this process across two cycles of model creation and reapplication. In cycle 1, we used theory‐relevant features from 3 weeks of data to inform a prediction model that accurately identified struggling students and sustained its accuracy when reapplied in future semesters. In cycle 2, we refit a model with temporally contextualized features that achieved superior accuracy using data from just two class meetings. This modelling approach can produce durable learning analytics solutions that afford scaled and sustained prediction and intervention opportunities that involve explainable artificial intelligence products. Those same products that inform prediction can also guide intervention approaches and inform future instructional design and delivery.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic Learning analytics includes an evolving collection of methods for tracing and understanding student learning through their engagements with learning technologies. Prediction models based on demographic data can perpetuate systemic biases. Prediction models based on behavioural event data can produce accurate predictions of academic success, and validation efforts can enrich those data to reflect students' self‐regulated learning processes within learning tasks. What this paper adds Learning analytics can be successfully applied to predict performance in an authentic postsecondary STEM context, and the use of context and theory as guides for feature engineering can ensure sustained predictive accuracy upon reapplication. The consistent types of learning resources and cyclical nature of their provisioning from lesson to lesson are hallmarks of high‐structure active learning designs that are known to benefit learners. These designs also provide opportunities for observing and modelling contextually grounded, theory‐aligned and temporally positioned learning events that informed prediction models that accurately classified students upon initial and later reapplications in subsequent semesters. Co‐design relationships where researchers and instructors work together toward pedagogical implementation and course instrumentation are essential to developing unique insights for feature engineering and producing explainable artificial intelligence approaches to predictive modelling. Implications for practice and/or policy High‐structure course designs can scaffold student engagement with course materials to make learning more effective and products of feature engineering more explainable. Learning analytics initiatives can avoid perpetuation of systemic biases when methods prioritize theory‐informed behavioural data that reflect learning processes, sensitivity to instructional context and development of explainable predictors of success rather than relying on students' demographic characteristics as predictors. Prioritizing behaviours as predictors improves explainability in ways that can inform the redesign of courses and design of learning supports, which further informs the refinement of learning theories and their applications.

TPACK competence of mathematics education students in designing constructivist learning

The problem and the aim of the study. This study examines mathematics education students' TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) and constructivist learning skills. The major issue is mathematical education students' ability to integrate technology, pedagogical expertise, and mathematical content knowledge in a constructivist learning setting. The study topics include how well students employ constructivist ideas in learning design, how technology supports mathematics learning, and what variables impact their TPACK abilities. By studying it more, this research may help enhance the mathematics education curriculum and teacher training to meet 21st-century education needs. Research methods. Qualitative case study research is used in this work. 23 students of the mathematics education program at Universitas Negeri Surabaya were selected. After observing students in constructivist mathematics learning design activities, in-depth interviews were conducted to understand better their views on TPACK and the constructivist approach, and their learning plans were analyzed. Students' TPACK abilities in constructivist learning will be assessed using thematic and triangulated data analysis. The research findings may help explain the problems and opportunities of constructing a mathematics education curriculum, particularly when merging TPACK and constructivist techniques. Results. The average TPACK competency of math education students is 78.4%, according to studies. According to the TPACK component analysis, students scored 85.2% on the Technology Knowledge Test (TK), 79.6% on the Pedagogical Knowledge Test (PK), and 75.8% on the Content Knowledge Test (CK). However, CK component proficiency varied, suggesting mathematical content knowledge should be improved. In-depth interviews showed that students with formal educational technology training or courses had higher TPACK ratings (M = 82.1%) than those without (M = 76.3%). These data show that formal education and training improve TPACK abilities. To optimize the constructivist method, the CK component must be improved. This research shows that technology integration and mathematics subject mastery are crucial to constructivist learning curricula and training programs for mathematics education students. Conclusion. The constructivist learning TPACK skills of mathematics education students are examined in this study. Students demonstrated technology integration, instructional competency, and mathematical topic knowledge with an average TPACK score of 78.4%. According to TPACK component analysis, pupils have good technical skills (TK) but varied mathematics topic knowledge. TPACK scores are higher for technology education students, demonstrating the role of formal learning in competency. These findings show that CK needs to include constructivism better. In conclusion, comprehensive training and mathematical content additions can improve students' TPACK skills, enabling constructivist technology usage. These insights may assist in improving mathematics curriculum and training.

Re-engineering the Pedagogical Design of Virtual Classrooms in Higher Education using the Community of Inquiry Framework: Benefits, Challenges, and Lessons Learned

The demand for online learning is increasing yearly in higher education and training industries worldwide. To sustain this demand, online course design and delivery quality became a critical topic for research and investigation. This study aimed to reimagine the pedagogical planning and design for virtual classrooms in a higher education institution based on the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework. To achieve this goal, the researcher adopted the type 2 developmental research methods to reimagine the pedagogical planning and design for a virtual classroom considering the interconnectedness of the CoI dimensions: Cognitive Presence, Teaching Presence, and Social Presence. In addition, a closed and open-ended questionnaire was developed based on the CoI framework and employed to gather instructors' views on the benefits and challenges of utilizing a virtual classroom designed based on the CoI dimensions. The results showed that instructors had a favourable view of the benefits of virtual classrooms for delivering course content. They also reported several challenges that need to be addressed for using virtual classrooms. Study findings highlight the importance of offering customized training to instructors by higher education institutions on the best practices of virtual classrooms. In addition, findings showed the crucial role of pedagogical frameworks such as CoI for the effective design of learning activities tailored to teaching via virtual classrooms.

Computational Thinking in Secondary Mathematics Education with GeoGebra: Insights from an Intervention in Calculus Lessons

AbstractNowadays, mathematics teachers in K–12 strive to promote their students‘ mathematical knowledge and computational thinking (CT) skills. There is an increasing need for effective CT-embedded mathematics learning material and a better understanding of students’ views toward them. In this work, we present the results of a research study, which included the design of a six-lesson learning activity aimed at fostering 16- to 17-year-old secondary students’ CT skills in calculus lessons using the dynamic mathematics software GeoGebra. Our goal was to investigate how students experienced the CT-embedded calculus lessons with GeoGebra and what challenges they faced during their interaction with the learning material and software. We collected and analyzed data from students’ code in GeoGebra, workbooks, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaires. Our findings suggest that most students mastered using CT concepts in calculus activities to a satisfactory degree and could reason about their computational solutions using GeoGebra and the generated graphs. Students’ understanding of the mathematical content knowledge introduced was essential to complete the lesson series successfully and unnoticed gaps in prior knowledge emerged. Our study shows that students appreciate the CT-embedded calculus lessons and GeoGebra’s exploratory approach to mathematics problems when provided with appropriate support. We conclude that an integrated approach to mathematics education and CT is viable and can contribute not only to fostering CT but also to increasing interest in mathematics.

Exploring adaptive learning, learner-content interaction and student performance in undergraduate economics classes

This study explores the pedagogical use of adaptive learning to foster learner-content interaction, and its subsequent impact on student performance in a large first year Macroeconomics course in an Irish University. To increase student-content interaction, an adaptive learning tool (LearnSmart) is employed to create five weekly adaptive reading assignments, over a six-week period. We include two separate indicators of learner-content interaction (the amount of time spent and number of completed adaptive assignments) in our analysis. Results indicate that student performance is enhanced by the number of completed adaptive assignments, which captures learner-content interaction and adaptive learning. However, the amount of time spent studying was negatively associated with performance. This surprising result comes as a novel contribution, which extends our knowledge of how adaptive learning technology can be potentially used to drive learner-content interaction and student performance. Pedagogically, our findings suggest the need for more intentional design and personalisation of learning activities to enhance student-content interaction and subsequent performance.

Digital vs. Hybrid: Comparing Two Versions of a Board Game for Teacher Training

This study compares two versions (one digital, one hybrid) of a serious board game for teacher training called the “4Ts game”. Teachers play the game in groups to learn about—and directly engage in—the joint design of collaborative learning activities for their students by choosing the Tasks to be proposed, the Timing of activities, the Technologies to be used, and the Team composition, in an iterative process of decision making. The game comes in three versions: fully tangible, digital, and hybrid. This paper focuses on the interaction design of the digital and hybrid versions. In both cases, teachers pick cards up from four decks, read the prompts provided in the cards, and place them on a board to design a learning activity together. Their decision-making process is scaffolded by the digital or hybrid game versions, which provide feedback and suggestions and guide teachers toward the creation of a coherent design. The user experience is quite different in the two formats. In the hybrid game, teachers physically manipulate tangible cards on a tabletop board, and the board status is replicated on a laptop application that displays automatic feedback and guidance. By contrast, the digital version is played using an Interactive Whiteboard with touch-screen capabilities, thereby allowing teachers to manipulate digital cards on a digital board. The game was used in the context of two training initiatives targeting in-service school teachers (N = 42). Data were collected on acceptance of the model upon which the game is built, acceptance of the game itself, overall user satisfaction, and knowledge gains. Results show that teachers generally liked both versions of the game, especially the opportunity provided for receiving guidance in the design process. Additionally, teachers’ knowledge about learning design and collaborative learning increased significantly between the pre- and post-test for both the digital and the hybrid game groups. However, few significant differences were found between the groups that used the digital and hybrid versions of the game: the digital version was perceived as being slightly easier to use (p < 0.001). Overall, the study suggests that both versions of the game have the potential for teacher training, while the user interface of the hybrid version should be further refined to fully harness the game’s potential.

The implementation of differentiated learning in ELT: Indonesian teachers’ readiness

In responding to the curriculum change in Indonesia to the Merdeka (Freedom) curriculum, the teaching and learning process should emphasize differentiated learning, including English Language Teaching (ELT). Despite the fact the teachers must implement it in their class, little research has examined the teachers’ readiness and its affecting factors in implementing differentiated learning. This study aims to address this gap by exploring teachers’ readiness in applying it and the factors affecting their readiness, by administering questionnaires and interviewing sixty public-school teachers of senior high schools who enrolled in the Subject Teacher Deliberation (STD) of English, in Central Java, Indonesia. The findings indicated that teachers were not ready in implementing content and process differentiation in ELT, but they just needed some improvements. Additionally, teachers had been ready in applying product and learning environment differentiation, but they still need a little enhancement. The factors affecting their readiness included insufficient training opportunities, limited time for planning and designing learning activities, difference of students’ readiness in learning English, and the large number of students in each class. Furthermore, the study recommends that the Indonesian government should provide additional training and workshops for teachers, establish a clear and consistent guideline for differentiated learning, and facilitating collaboration and communication among teachers to share their best practice.

Analisis Pemahaman Guru Raudhatul Athfal tentang Aspek Perkembangan Nilai Agama dan Moral, Kognitif dan Fisik-Motorik di Kota Palangka Raya

The purpose of this study is to describe: 1) The teacher's understanding of religious and moral values for children aged 4-5 years; 2) The teacher's understanding of the cognitive abilities of children aged 4-5 years; and 3) The teacher's understanding of the physical-motor skills of children aged 4-5 years. This study uses a type of qualitative research. The data subject in this study amounted to 1 person, namely the class A1 teacher at RA Perwanida 2. In addition, the document data in this study were in the form of photographs, videos during learning, student worksheets, and one student's report book. The data collection techniques in this study were observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Teachers understand aspects of the development of religious and moral values in children aged 4-5 years and can be implemented in learning activities; 2) Teachers understand aspects of cognitive development in children aged 4-5 years however, in practice the teacher's creativity has not developed to design learning activities; 3) The teacher understands aspects of physical-motor development in children aged 4-5 years through stimulation such as activities such as walking on crutches, throwing and catching balls, collage activities using sand as media, holding pencils correctly, folding makes and prayer mats, assembling and take off shoes.

PBL-Based Vocational Education Blended Learning Activity Design Research

There are disparities between vocational education personnel training and industrial development. The purpose of this research is to develop a PBL-based blended learning activity design aligned with vocational education talent training goals, leveraging the benefits of project-based and mixed learning approaches. The design encompasses problem clarification, goal determination, problem design, problem-solving, results display and evaluation, and summary activities. Employing a quasi-experimental research methodology, this study was conducted in the core course “Software Development Technology” within the software technology major of Vocational College X. Through comparative data analysis between the experimental and control groups, it was observed that students in the experimental group demonstrated varying degrees of improvement in their abilities related to demand analysis, software design, software development, and software testing in the field of software development technology. This finding affirms that PBL-based blended learning activities can effectively enhance students’ technical skills by extending learning opportunities in both space and time, thereby offering practical insights for vocational education talent training research.

Shifting roles and slow research: children’s roles in participatory co-design of critical machine learning activities and technologies

ABSTRACT Including children’s voices in the design of learning activities and technologies has increasingly become a subject of conversation among researchers and learning designers. Research suggests children have lived experiences that position them as useful contributors in co-designing curricula activities or technologies they will use. However, one significant challenge in participatory co-design is engaging children in the co-design of curricula when they have not yet learned the disciplinary content within the curricula. We present our two-year participatory design-based research study in which we co-designed a Critical Machine Learning educational programme with different groups of children at two after-school centres over two consecutive years. In this paper, we characterize the roles children embodied in two cycles of participatory co-design and how the program's activities impacted these roles. Findings in this study suggest that in two participatory design-based research cycles, children embodied different roles of tester, informant, or designer of both AI learning activities and AI technologies. Based on this design-based research study, we propose that a ‘slow research’ approach that emphasises trust-building and a deep understanding of children's perspectives can be instrumental in achieving meaningful co-design outcomes.

Designing learning activities to develop self-directed learning competency in teaching informatics

<span lang="EN-US">Currently, there are not many studies on teaching informatics in the direction of developing students’ self-directed learning (SDL) competency. The results of the survey with 235 informatics teachers in 42 provinces/cities across Vietnam showed that although they are very interested in teaching SDL, teachers are still confused about teaching methods and assessments. To improve the effectiveness of informatics teaching as well as develop SDL for students, the study proposed a method of teaching informatics in the direction of designing activities to guide students to create digital products by themselves. The pedagogical experiment on assessing SDL and learning outcomes was conducted on two experimental and control groups, selected from 87 10th grade students, in the first semester of the school year 2022-2023 at Cam Giang High school in Hai Duong, Vietnam. The results of SDL and test scores of the experimental class were higher than that of the control class (with p-value <0.005– this difference is statistically significant). This proves that the method (creating of digital products) is effective, positively affecting students’ learning, helping students develop SDL competency.</span>

An Exploration of How Multimodally Designed Teaching and the Creation of Digital Animations can Contribute to Six-Year-Olds’ Meaning Making in Chemistry

Previous research shows that pupils’ participation in educational activities increases when they are allowed to use several forms of expression. Furthermore, digital media have become increasingly prominent as “carriers” of meaning in chemistry education. Based on that, this paper aims to explore ‘what is happening’ and ‘what is possible’ when six-year-old pupils participate in multimodally designed learning activities and create digital animations of water molecules and phase changes of water. This study is qualitative and draws on the frameworks of social semiotics and Designs for Learning, DfL, where teaching and learning are seen as a multimodal design. The Learning Design Sequence model, developed within DfL is used as a basis for the lesson design and as an analytical tool. The analyzed data were generated by filming when pupils participated in multimodal learning activities, created digital animations, and participated in meta-reflective discussions regarding their digital animations. The main findings are that multimodally designed lessons can increase pupils’ meaning making in chemistry, that the creation of digital animations may both increase pupils’ participation and support their meaning making, and that meta-reflection of pupils’ representations is an important part of the lesson design.

Pengaruh Penerapan Game Based Learning Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Curriculum requirements require educators to be creative in developing learning styles. However, in reality, most educators in Indonesia currently only provide the things that are available in teaching modules and focus on fulfilling curriculum material without considering the expected learning outcomes. To overcome this problem, educators need to modify learning styles by providing learning innovations. One alternative that can be applied to elementary school students is to apply the Game Based Learning learning model. Therefore, the aim of the research is to find out the effect of implementing the Game Based Learning learning model on elementary school students' learning motivation. The literature review was carried out by conducting a literature review which aims to examine the application, factors and impact of Game Based Learning on elementary school students' learning motivation. Literature searches were carried out using the Google Scholar database for the 2013-2023 period. Based on article extraction, 6 articles were found that were appropriate to the discussion, which shows that there are several stages in the game based learning model, namely (1) identifying learning objectives. (2) determine the big idea. (3) create a game scenario. (4) create a learning activity design. (5) create groups. (6) apply game dynamics. In its application, GBL has several factors, namely: game design, instructional support, motivational aspects, and the ability to develop multiple intelligences. The impact of implementing GBL itself, among other things, can increase student learning motivation, increase student literacy motivation, and certainly have an effect on student learning outcomes.

Assessing the Readiness of Early Childhood Teachers to Facilitate Inclusive Classes

Every child has the right to receive education tailored to their needs, including those with special needs. Many teachers still need help designing learning activities for inclusion classes. This research aims to analyze the readiness of PAUD teachers to hold inclusive classes. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method with a survey approach. The subjects of this research were 50 PAUD teachers. The method used to collect data was a questionnaire with the help of Google Forms. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of five aspects and 42 statements, measured using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique is quantitative descriptive analysis. The research results show that most PAUD teachers understand the concept of inclusive education, although some require improvement through training. However, teachers' awareness of the importance of inclusive education needs to be appreciated. Despite the transition's uncertainty, ECCE teachers demonstrate readiness to adopt inclusive practices. The success of inclusive education requires systematic support that includes collaboration, training, and strategic approaches to overcome challenges and guide PAUD teachers toward success in implementing inclusive education. This research implies that PAUD teachers' readiness to facilitate inclusive classes is critical. This readiness is essential to create enjoyable learning activities.

How to Catch'em All: Designing Attractive Learning Activities for Girls in Computer Science: A Systematic Framework

To fight the underrepresentation of female students in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM), schools and universities should cooperate in communicating what skills and competencies are required and to what extent schools already help develop them. Universities need to communicate the necessary competencies and schools should encourage girls by an appropriate design of learning activities, exercises, and projects. They also need to emphasize the underlying competencies and how this will help in taking up STEM subjects at university, thereby raising the girls’ self-esteem and self-efficacy. The key to transporting this message is an appropriate and systematic learning activity design based on a competency-based approach and appropriate teaching methods as well as a more female-responsive scope of tasks. This paper focuses on computer science and sets up a morphological analysis of dimensions to consider when designing learning activities for computer science lessons, taking into account what kind of subjects girls are interested in and what fosters their skills and their self-efficacy in STEM.

Research on the Design of Adult Online Learning Activities Based on Open University Integration Platform: From the Perspective of Activity Theory

Research on the Design of Adult Online Learning Activities Based on Open University Integration Platform: From the Perspective of Activity Theory

Research on the Design and Application of Online Learning Activities for Chinese-foreign Cooperative Universities under the Perspective of Deep Learning

Abstract After clarifying the development characteristics of Sino-foreign cooperative education in a depth perspective, this paper designs a framework of online learning activities for Sino-foreign cooperative education in combination with the components of online learning activities. Correlation analysis and cluster analysis are used to explore the learners’ knowledge preparation of online learning activities and learners’ behaviors are mined to explore the correlation between behavioral characteristics and learning effects. Regression analysis is conducted with the interactive learning dimension as the independent variable and the learning outcome as the dependent variable to construct a multiple regression model of students’ interactive learning on the learning outcome of online learning activities, and to analyze the influence of online learning autonomy and interactivity on the learning outcome. It also explores the relationship between online learning activity design, teaching quality, faculty, and student satisfaction during internship practice and overall satisfaction. The data show that personal background variables and online learning autonomy explain 0.408 of the variance in learning outcomes, which is an increase of 0.390 in the strength of explanation over that of only personal background factors. The substantial increase in the R-square of the model suggests that the level of autonomy of students in the online environment is an important factor influencing the variance in learning outcomes. The more autonomy the students have in their online learning, the more competent they become in the online learning activities of Sino-foreign cooperative universities.

The Learning Activity Design of Aesthetic Education in Junior High School English Reading Teaching

The Learning Activity Design of Aesthetic Education in Junior High School English Reading Teaching

Development of University General Education Classes using Microlearning and Analysis of Class Satisfaction

The purpose of this study is to present the development and operation of liberal arts classes using microlearning content and to analyze class satisfaction to examine the necessity and applicability of microlearning classes in university liberal arts education. Developed by reflecting microlearning characteristics, tClass is a one-credit class designed to be available in a nonlinear manner for five weeks. After this course, a satisfaction survey of all remote classes and tClass students was conducted to find out the level of satisfaction of learners and focus group interviews were additionally conducted with four applicants. As a result of the study, both timeliness and accessibility were high due to the nature of remote classes, and tClass showed a high level of satisfaction among the students, especially when it came to the learning materials and the accessibility of the items. On the other hand, poor concentration, boredom, and a lack of willingness to learn were found to be obstacles for remote classes. Based on the above research results, the suggestions are as follows. 1) In order to better implement the characteristics of microlearning, sufficient prior coordination is needed to determine whether or not we should change the academic system. 2) In order to develop microlearning, it is important to set an appropriate lecture topic and a suitable level of class difficulty. 3) There is a need to design learning activities that can help students take a leading role regarding their own learning and inspection. 4) In order to improve learners' concentration and understanding, video production methods need to be diversified and their level of completion needs to be increased. It is hoped that the results of this study will be used as basic data to develop microlearning classes in universities and to enhance learning effects.