Design Flowchart Research Articles

Correction: Additive manufacturing: a new design approach-LPBF design and production flow chart algorithm

Correction: Additive manufacturing: a new design approach-LPBF design and production flow chart algorithm

Performance-Based Design Method of Hinged Wall with Buckling-Restrained Braces at Base Using the Elastic Displacement Spectrum

A performance-based seismic design method using the elastic displacement design spectrum based on equal displacement approximation is proposed for the Hinged Wall with BRBs at Base (HWBB) structural system. HWBB is simplified as an Equivalent Single Degree of Freedom (ESDOF) system. Design flowcharts are given. The proposed design approach aims to limit the lateral displacements to an allowable target displacement. Design examples are presented and target displacements are compared with numerical results. The results indicate that the plastic response of the HWBB structural system is accurately predicted by the elastic displacement spectrum, which verified that the performance-based design method of HWBB is accurate.

An FPGA-Based signal acquisition system for 3D holographic azimuthal electromagnetic resistivity logging instruments

Abstract A signal acquisition system of a 3D holographic azimuthal electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument while drilling is designed based on the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity logging instrument is mainly composed of transmitting coils, receiving coils, and control circuits. The signal acquisition system mainly includes the receiving coil and corresponding signal acquisition and processing circuit. First of all, the whole structure of the electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument system while drilling is briefly introduced, and then each function module of the acquisition board is elaborated in detail, and the hardware realization of the signal acquisition module and the corresponding FPGA program design flow chart are given. The acquisition system makes full use of the structured design of the module and First input First output (FIFO) cache technology and can complete the functions of signal acquisition, data transmission, and control on the acquisition board in real-time by using Serial Communication Interface (SCI) information transmission interface. The simulation results show that the system can realize the function of data acquisition and processing well.

Development of Augmented Reality Media to Grow Numerical Literacy of Elementary School Students

The use of augmented reality (AR) in education has shown potential to improve primary school students' numeracy skills. However, AR research for elementary school geometry is still rare. This study aims to develop augmented reality (AR)-based interactive learning media using the assembler edu platform to improve students' numeracy literacy in geometry subjects. The development method uses ADDIE, the research stages include needs analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The needs analysis identified problems such as the lack of interactive learning materials and students' difficulties in understanding geometry material. At the design stage, the storyboard and flowchart are made using assembler applications. Media development is done by combining components such as materials, geometry images, animations, and music. Implementation is done through trials by material experts, media experts, and field practitioners, as well as small group and large group trials. The evaluation results show that the developed media has high validity with a percentage of 92% from material experts and 88% from media experts, as well as a significant increase in student numeracy literacy with the percentage of completeness increasing from 6.15% (pre-test) to 79.8% (post-test). With an N-Gain Score of 0.52, this media is proven effective and feasible to use as an additional learning resource.. Recommendations for future research include developing content for other topics, testing in different conditions, and improving interactive features.

#1985 Tocilizumab in chronic active antibody-mediated rejection: a randomized controlled open-label multi-center trial (INTERCEPT study)

Abstract Background and Aims Chronic active antibody mediated graft rejection (caAMR) caused by immune-mediated injury is the leading cause of long-term graft loss in kidney transplant recipients. Nevertheless, no effective treatment exists for caAMR to date, highlighting a great unmet need for evaluation of novel treatment options. Recently, tocilizumab (TCZ), a monoclonal antibody directed against the human interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor, by antagonizing IL-6-triggered inflammation and B cell/plasma cell-driven immune activation, has shown promise in the treatment of caAMR. However, TCZ has not been assessed systematically in a randomized study. The INTERCEPT study aims to evaluate the efficacy of addition of TCZ to standard of treatment (SOC) as compared to SOC alone in reducing the decline of graft function from baseline at 24 months after start of treatment as assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in kidney transplant recipients with caAMR. Method This ongoing randomized controlled open-label multi-center investigator-initiated trial plans to include a total of 50 adult kidney transplant recipients with biopsy-proven caAMR using Banff 2019 criteria at least 12 months after transplantation and eGFR ≥20 ml/min/1.73 m2. Any subject who underwent kidney transplantation in Sweden or is currently living in Sweden and being followed up at any of the Swedish transplant centers or their affiliated regional centers can be considered for participation. Participants are randomized to receive either TCZ (n=25) added to our standard of care (SOC) maintenance treatment or SOC alone (n=25) for a period of 24 months and followed for additional 12 months after cessation of the study medication. After the inclusion transplant biopsy at baseline, protocol biopsies are performed at 12 and 24 months. The study design flow-chart is shown in the Figure. The primary endpoint is the slope of eGFR at 24 months after start of treatment. The eGFR is assessed using Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. The secondary endpoints include assessment of the following at 12, 24 and 36 months: composite risk score iBox, safety, evolution and characteristics of donor-specific antibodies (DSA), graft histology, proteinuria, kidney function assessed by measured GFR (mGFR), patient- and death-censored graft survival, patient-reported outcomes that include transplant-specific well-being, adherence to immunosuppressive medications and perceived threat of the risk of graft rejection. Results We expect that addition of TCZ to SOC will slow down the decline of graft function in kidney transplant recipients with caAMR. Conclusion Currently there is no effective treatment for caAMR. Based on the hypothesis that inhibition of IL-6 by TCZ will reduce antibody production and reduce antibody-mediated damage, our randomized trial has a potential to provide evidence for a novel treatment strategy for caAMR. If TCZ is found to be effective, our study has the potential to improve long-term graft survival and quality of life, reduce morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant patients as well as lower the health care costs.

Reconfigurable detuned dual‐frequency series–series compensated WPT system for high anti‐misalignment tolerance

AbstractIn the realm of wireless power transfer, considering misalignment between transmitting and receiving coils is imperative. Traditional wireless power transfer systems experience a significant decrease in output power when the coupling coefficient fluctuates. This paper proposes a reconfigurable dual‐frequency series–series (SS) topology with primary side inductive detuned and secondary side with full resonance. The proposed topology operates at two frequencies and can be transformed into two different SS topologies at each frequency. This allows the system to switch between the two SS topologies when a large misalignment occurs, thereby achieving a more stable output power level. Furthermore, a comprehensive parameter design flowchart for the proposed topology is presented, and the parameters for a 400 W prototype are designed and implemented. The prototype is tested to evaluate the performance of the topology. The frequency response analysis of the prototype validates the effectiveness of the parameter design method. The test results show that the topology can maintain output power fluctuations within 23% of the maximum power for misalignment ranging from k = 0.13 to k = 0.46. Additionally, the system maintains an efficiency of at least 80% across the entire output power flat range, peaking at a maximum efficiency of 91%.

Study on the Influence and Optimization Design of Viscous Damper Parameters on the Damping Efficiency of Frame Shear Wall Structure

This study investigates the influence of viscous damper parameters on the damping efficiency of frame shear wall structures. Taking a specific frame shear wall structure as the background, a three-dimensional finite element model is established using a nonlinear dynamic time–history analysis method. The damping ratio, reduction in vertex displacement, reduction in base shear, and inter-story drift utilization rate are selected as the damping performance indicators. Firstly, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to study the influence of different viscous damper parameters on these indicators. Then, the relationship models between the viscous damper parameters and the indicators are fitted using the response surface method, and the fitting effect is evaluated through an F-test and determination coefficient R2. Finally, an objective function based on key damping performance indicators is established to solve for the optimal parameters. The results show that the traditional sensitivity analysis method is unable to comprehensively consider the combined effects of different damping efficiency indicators. The response surface method has high fitting accuracy and good predictability and can serve as an optimization model. Considering the stiffness of supporting components matched with the viscous damper parameters, the feasibility of the optimal damping parameters is demonstrated from an engineering application perspective. A simple and easy-to-operate damping design flowchart is proposed, providing important guidance and reference for designers in frame shear wall structure damping design in the future.

Two‐dimensional hypercoordinate chemistry: Challenges and prospects

AbstractPlanar hypercoordinate compounds are fascinating but challenging to be realized. The difficulty in stabilizing and fabricating such compounds prevent us from in‐deep understanding these compounds and exploring potential applications. Molecular‐level insights on underlying mechanism for the formation of viable hypercoordinate compounds is the key towards the development of this field. This review aims to summarize recent advances in this direction. Regular polygons ALCN (A and L are central and ligand atoms, CN is coordination number) are generally applicable models used to derive the unified mathematical relations between the radii of constitute atoms and the angles of regular polygons as exemplified by two typical examples Gr14LCN and TMBCN (Gr14 is Group 14 element, TM is transition metal, B is boron). Effective schemes and some useful rule of thumb are proposed towards the architecture of 2D hypercoordinate crystals ALx (x is composition ratio). A set of design flow chart and several effective design strategies and principles are suggested for 2D‐HyperMaters. Potential diverse applications of 2D‐HyperMaters are discussed and summarized. Grand blueprint for planar hypercoordinate chemistry is drew. Finally, future prospects of 2D‐HyperChem is outlooked.This article is categorized under: Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures

Decision Support Systems for Career Recommendations for Graduates in Islamic Broadcasting Communication Studies Using ANP and TOPSIS Methods

The insufficient number of alumni students displaying a strong work ethic can be attributed to a mismatch between the talents and interests of alumni in the UINSU MEDAN KPI area, which should be the focal point of monitoring for these Indonesian youths. The effective management of alumni can offer a potential solution. In this study, researchers employed the ANP method to calculate career recommendations and ranked them using the TOPSIS method. The research methodology included a comprehensive literature review, observational data collection, interviews, documentation analysis, system flowchart design, ANP method application, TOPSIS method application, and system testing conducted using the black box method. Based on the calculations using the ANP and TOPSIS methods, Alternative A1 emerged as the top priority, scoring 1, while Alternative A13 received the lowest priority with a score of 0.13. These calculations were based on six criteria: discipline, honesty, responsibility, teamwork skills, and technical or practical proficiency. The highest-ranked career recommendation was "Insight into print, radio, and television media" with a manual priority of 0.7747 and a system-assigned priority of 0.73. Conversely, "Cameramen in television media" received the lowest score, with a value of 0.13 and a system-assigned priority of 0.13.

Bionic-inspired oil price prediction: Auditory multi-feature collaboration network

Predictions of the oil price are critical to support intelligent decision-making for individual investors, governments, and corporations, but a challenging task since there are complex nonlinear and random fluctuations involved in series. Additionally, most existing methods mainly focus on the data-layer fitting, and inherit uninterpretable design flowcharts and unclear layer functions. Based on the fact that living things evolve numerous advanced cognition processes after long-term interactions with environments, it is a promising problem to design bionic deep prediction networks. In this paper, an auditory-inspired multi-feature collaboration network (AMFC-Net) is explored to predict the oil price, and includes the feature extraction, brain memory, and comprehensive prediction blocks. Specifically, through imitating that complex sounds are captured by auditory canals and converted into electrical impulses, the first block adopts four typical activation functions to extract multi-group complementary features for detecting nonlinear changes. Through imitating that electrical impulses are transformed to the left and right hemispheres for handling and analyzing, the second block realizes gating and cooperation mechanisms to learn long short-term dependencies and highlight core information. Through imitating that information is sent to higher cerebral cortices for sensing the environment, the third block maps relationships from features to targets for producing final predictions. In summary, multi-channel convolution operations establish the imitations of both form (clear functional layer) and spirit (layer-by-layer collaboration), which not only ensure the prediction effectiveness but also improve the AMFC-Net interpretability. Three experiments (comparison with 12 machine learning methods), three experiments (comparison with 8 hybrid methods under decomposition plus ensemble framework), and seven discussions under two real-world oil price datasets all indicate that the proposed AMFC-Net is superior and suitable to predict the oil price.

Experimental Study and Seismic Design of Swing Story-Lateral Force Resisting Structural System

A seismic vibration control system, consisting of a swing story substructure, a lateral force resisting substructure and connecting dampers, is recently proposed. The analytical model and optimization method based on the stability maximization and H2 criteria have been established. In this paper, excellent vibration control effects of the proposed system are verified through the small-scale shaking table tests on a two-story model. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of the analytical model and the validity of the vibration control strategy. Through numerical analyses of benchmark structures, the input energy of the optimally designed system is remarkably mitigated, and favorable vibration control effects for reducing both inter-story drifts and absolute floor accelerations under earthquake ground motions are verified by comparing with conventional moment-resisting frame structures. In addition, significant control effects can be achieved when the optimal stiffness is greater than the critical buckling stiffness. A seismic design flow chart of the intensity-reduced design method is proposed based on the numerical analyses and the Chinese Seismic Design Code of Buildings. The results indicate that the seismic intensity-reduced design for the proposed system is feasible.

Wide-body aircraft fuel jettison system design and analysis

In order to design the highly integrated fuel jettison system, the hydrodynamic performance design flow chart for the highly integrated fuel system has been proposed, and the 1-D fuel line network performance model has been developed. An innovative fuel jettison system for wide-body aircraft has been designed. The system performance has been simulated and analyzed. The results show that the proposed flow chart can be used for the highly integrated fuel system design, and the fuel jettison performance requirements can be met. The system parameters including the wing tank main pump characteristic, the flow area of the orifice set in the fuel line connecting the feeding line and the refueling line, and the flight height have significant effects on the fuel jettison performance. Besides, the aircraft total fuel jettison performance is also affected by the central tank override pump characteristic, the engine fuel consumption, and the flow resistance of fuel line network.

Implementation of System Usablity Scale in Islamic Cultural History Interactive Learning Media Application at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Kumbe Merauke

The objective of this research is to create an interactive multimedia application for teaching Islamic Cultural History at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Kumbe Merauke. This application aims to address the students' needs resulting from a lack of comprehension during the learning process. While traditional methods like printed books have been used, they fail to provide the varied and direct interaction required for effective learning. The development process follows the waterfall method, and data is collected through interviews, questionnaires, and observation. The system design employs flowchart design, use case diagram, sequence diagram, and activity diagram. For testing, both the Blackbox method and Usability scale are used. The results of the Blackbox testing demonstrate that the functionality and appearance of the Islamic Cultural History learning application are good and meet expectations. Additionally, the usability scale assessment yields a final score of 71.81, which falls within the Good category (grade scale C). Conclusively, the data suggests that the Islamic Cultural History learning application is acceptable and beneficial for enhancing the learning process for students.

A novel analytical-based viewpoint for MEMS mass spring system: systematic design guideline for dimensional tolerance and footprint reduction powered by dimensionless analysis

Mass-spring is one of the most used structures in sensors and actuators of MEMS technology, including accelerometers, gyroscopes, harvesters, etc. Some of the major design parameters of the structure are natural frequency and displacement sensitivity. The limitations of microfabrication processes should be considered in the design process. The optimized geometry topology can reduce the area occupied by the structure in the fabrication and increases the number of possible structures per wafer. This study aims to provide a novel systematic design and optimization of a MEMS mass-spring system by using a dimensionless design flowchart. Based on the dimensionless design, this algorithm provides the designer with the optimized dimensions of the mass-spring by following the provided dimensionless diagrams, taking into account stress, displacement sensitivity, natural frequency, and fabrication limitations. Also, the optimized dimensions of the mass-spring system are obtained using the dimensionless design flowchart with respect to the desired natural frequency and displacement sensitivity. In addition, genetic algorithms and dimensionless diagrams present a procedure to minimize the footprint of the structure while keeping the desired natural frequency and displacement sensitivity. Results demonstrate that up to a 3% change in both natural frequency and displacement sensitivity, leads to a 45% reduction in the structure area compared to the related literature of MEMS accelerometers.

A novel empirical model for peak strain prediction of pipelines under circular landslides

In-service pipelines in slope sections may experience a sudden increase in strain due to circular landslides. Obtaining the peak strain of pipelines (PSP) in engineering is often necessary to quickly evaluate the pipeline's safety status. Due to the lack of consideration of the influence of sliding surface shape, pipe laying location and diameter, the existing empirical model for peak strain prediction (EMPSP) does not perform satisfactorily, and the calculated error of PSP is far more than the acceptable range. A novel EMPSP for pipelines is proposed in this paper. First, a 3D nonuniform circular sliding finite element model (FEM) is established by the strength reduction method combined with the displacement function. Second, a detailed analysis is conducted on the impact of nondimensional parameters on the PSP. Finally, detailed discussions are presented to develop the coupling form between multiple parameters in the EMPSP, and a flowchart for pipeline design and evaluation is established. By comparing engineering case data, the accuracy of the novel EMPSP model has been improved by 59% or even higher compared to previous models. In conclusion, the novel EMPSP has a wide range of applications and can efficiently guide the evaluation of pipeline design based on strain.

Research on Fault Diagnosis System of IOT for Oil Well Pump Based on Machine Learning

Abstract In order to realize automatic prediction and processing of remote fault diagnosis of oil well pumps distributed in different regions by crude oil production enterprises, a fault diagnosis system for oil well pumps based on machine learning was researched and designed. This fault diagnosis system is composed of three layers (perception layer, network layer and control application layer) Internet of Things structure. The function and characteristics of each layer are analyzed in this paper, and the hardware composition and control principle of sensor nodes and aggregation nodes of the measurement and control system are discussed and gives the node microcontroller program design flow chart and the main module content of the IoT central computer software design. This paper focuses on the principle of machine learning for fault diagnosis and prediction, and deeply explains the algorithm steps of using LSTM for fault diagnosis of oil well pumps. The enterprise application experiment results show that, compared with the traditional manual well patrol fault diagnosis method, this system has the advantages of convenient operation and maintenance, low labor intensity, high timeliness and accuracy of fault diagnosis, which can better reduce equipment maintenance costs for enterprises.

Prototype of Water Level and Rainfall Detection System as Flood Warning Based On Blynk Iot Application

Rainfall in the rainy season can last for about six months, resulting in continuous rain and increasing the amount of water that causes flooding. The community does not directly get information or be informed when it rains. To anticipate these problems, the Prototype of Water Level and Rainfall Detection System as a Flood Warning Based on the Blynk IoT Application is considered effective for developing a rainfall and water level monitoring system. By using the tool design method, flowchart, system analysis (SDLC), and testing using the black box testing method. The system detects the distance between the sensor and the water surface. If the distance to the water level is close to the sensor, the system will report a flood and then switch to the Blynk software. The mobile will display a message and the system can enter all distances into the program.

Design vacuum consolidation considering energy requirement

In designing a vacuum consolidation project, it is desirable to quantify the energy required. Explicit close form equations were derived for calculating energy consumptions during a vacuum consolidation in terms of extracting sealed-in air (Wair1), seepage consolidation of soils (Wsoil), draining out the water collected by PVDs (Wwater), and air-leaking rate into a vacuum consolidation system under a given level of vacuum. It is shown that for an ideal vacuum consolidation (no air-leaking), the energy required is higher but comparable with the work done by gravity force of the same magnitude of fill material induced consolidation. The results of the analysis using the design guides in China and/or Japan indicate that only a few percentages of the required effective pump energy are consumed on seepage consolidation and draining out of water collected by PVDs, and the other is for extracting the leaked-in air or possibly just wasted. Therefore, having a good sealing system, and setting a target range of vacuum pressure instead of a single value may increase the energy efficiency. Shortening the duration of a project by reducing the spacing between PVDs can also be a possible option for saving energy. Finally, a conceptual design flowchart was proposed.

Healthcare With Wireless Communication and Smart Meters

Smart health is an essential domain within smart cities. Internet-assisted communication with medical practitioners is now widely used. This is important for elderly or disabled patients, who may not be able to travel but have inexpensive and simple internet access they can take advantage of with video-call consultations. However, smart health based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart meters is not without its challenges. This paper reviews the benefits and challenges of innovations in healthcare, with emphasis on IoT and smart meters. A top-level smart health with smart meter system design flowchart is given, and the component and module diagram is proposed.

Analysis And Design of Mobile Applications For Make-Up Artist Services (Halomua) With The Design Thinking Framework

Designing an application user interface design is an important part of creating an attractive application. However, there are several problems such as lack of attention to detail, failure to identify and solve customer problems, and poor planning or organization. The design thinking method performs stages ranging from empathize, define, ideate, and prototype, to usability testing to reduce these problems. At the empathize stage, data is obtained through interviews with MUAs and online questionnaires that have been filled out by respondents. At the define stage, a profile picture of each respondent along with their problems and goals was created. At the idea stage, feature mapping, information architecture, low fidelity wireframe, medium fidelity wireframe, and user flow are made so that it can facilitate users in operating the tasks designed in the application. The prototype stage is to create a flowchart design for each case so that users can find out how the application can run properly. The results of usability and user satisfaction are measured using the System Usability Scale (SUS). The SUS average value of 85.2 is obtained, which means that the value of the UI design results is included in category B with an "Excellent" status.