Design Dimensions Research Articles

PM flux-reversal machine for wind energy application

Currently, attempts are being made to harness wind energy by means of non-conventional electrical machines such as flux reversal machines (FRM). The main advantage of the FRM, when compared with existing synchronous generators (SG), is that all the active parts like PMs and armature windings are mounted on the stator part, whereas leaving the rotor has simple and robust. In this study, the three-phase 6/8-pole flux reversal generators (FRGs) are selected, sized, designed, and analyzed using finite element analysis (FEA). The working principle, choice of stator and rotor poles, and machine design dimensions evaluation (analytical sizing procedure), as well as relevant performance details are discussed in this paper. This study is used to analyze, a popular 6/8 pole, 0.8 kW, 50 Hz, and examine the suitability for the wind energy applications in terms of torque and power density, torque ripple, power factor, and cogging torque under 2D finite element analysis (FEA). The analysis provides an update on the current state-of-the-art and as well as future thrust areas of research necessary to bridge the gap on what is still desired for the practical application of FRMs for wind energy.

A study on the dimensional design of brackets of multi-tiered wooden pagodas in East Asia

ABSTRACT Methods for dimensional design of brackets of multi-tiered wooden pagodas in East Asia are discussed. The research method for quantifying the brackets design of each wooden five-tiered pagoda by setting a V-value with an initial value equal to 1, and adding one to the original value for each change in the size of the brackets at each tier. The results demonstrated that the size of brackets decreased from Tier 1 to Tier 5. Also, some unique dimensional design methods such as three-section design have been observed. This article focuses for the first time on the phenomenon that the size of wooden five-tiered pagoda brackets is gradually decreasing from bottom to top in East Asia. And it is studied and proved as a special design method of wooden five-tiered pagoda brackets. The dimensional designs of wooden brackets of pagodas in China, Japan and Korea were investigated and compared to clarify the history of dimensional design of wooden brackets of pagodas in East Asia, as well as the principle of dimensional design of brackets of ancient multi-tiered wooden pagodas in East Asia. The results of the study not only provide a new perspective to better understand the design techniques of ancient East Asian five-tiered wooden pagodas but also help to preserve and restore five-tiered wooden pagodas more accurately.

Compact and Wide-Stopband Bandpass Filter Using Hybrid Shielded EMCSIW and CSRR Resonators with a Mixed Electromagnetic Coupling Scheme

This paper presents a bandpass filter (BPF) exploiting hybrid shielded eighth-mode circular substrate-integrated waveguide (SD-EMCSIW) and complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) resonators. The proposed BPF leverages the SD-EMCSIW resonator with a 45-degree angle to create a second-order BPF with a mixed electromagnetic coupling scheme. Detailed analyses of the related electromagnetic characteristics and operating mechanisms have been performed. In order to further reduce the occupied area, the CSRR structures are embedded into the SD-EMCSIW resonators. Meanwhile, extra metallic via-holes are implemented to enhance the upper-stopband performance. A transmission zero (TZ) of the second-order BPF can be placed on either the left or right side of the passband and can be flexibly adjusted. To validate the design concept, a second-order hybrid SD-EMCSIW and CSRR BPF was designed, simulated, fabricated, and measured as a specific example. The prototype operates at a center frequency f0 of 8.3 GHz with a 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 8.1%. Two transmission zeros are located near the right passband. The upper-stopband rejection reaches up to 15 dB at 2.85 times the center frequency f0. Both the simulated and measured results show satisfactory agreement. Meanwhile, the overall size of the proposed hybrid SD-EMCSIW and CSRR BPF is 13.5 mm × 13.0 mm (0.37λ0 × 0.36λ0), featuring a compact physical dimension in the filter design.

A State-of-the-Art Review on Vortex Induced Vibrations Phenomenon Bladeless Wind Turbine Technology

Vortex bladeless wind turbine (VBWT) is a new wind power extraction technology that is dependent on the Aero-elasticity phenomenon that is called vortex induced vibrations – VIV – which is derived from the study of flow induced vibrations, it is the phenomenon that arises from the interaction of inertial, structural and aerodynamic forces over a bluff body. it has been found that when Air – ideal gas - flows around a body an induced oscillatory motion can be established by vortex shedding. By leveraging the induced oscillatory motion resulting from VIV, Vortex Bladeless aims to generate power in a novel way. The absence of traditional blades sets this technology apart from conventional wind turbines and introduces different dynamics in the extraction of wind energy. VBWT devices are particularly advantageous in low to moderate wind situations, where traditional turbines may prove inefficient or unfeasible. Moreover, their reduced noise levels and compact size render them suitable for urban or ecologically sensitive regions. The selection of this new technology to be investigated and studied will play an important role in wind energy field of study opening a new chapter in the development of this kind of renewable energy, leading to generate power with a lesser cost than that produced by the conventional wind turbines by 40 %. Nonetheless, the efficacy of VBWT may be constrained in high-wind conditions where conventional turbines thrive, and their performance is significantly influenced by certain design and resonance attributes.

Bridging the gap in technology integration in education: An examination of science teachers' competencies and needs

This study investigates science teachers' perceptions of their level of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) and the challenges they face in integrating technology into the classroom. Using a case study approach, data were collected through the TPACK scale and semi-structured interviews with 102 science teachers. The results reveal significant deficiencies in teachers' design and proficiency dimensions of TPACK, which impact on their ability to integrate technology effectively. While basic technologies such as smart boards and presentation software are commonly used, the lack of advanced integration is attributed to insufficient infrastructure, inadequate training and limited discipline-specific materials. In addition, dissatisfaction with professional development programs and low levels of technological literacy among students further hinder technology integration. The findings emphasize the need for tailored, practical training programs and improved infrastructure to address these challenges. It also highlights the importance of incorporating student-centered, technology-enhanced learning strategies to promote effective teaching practices. Curriculum revisions, collaborative training programs, and further research into the pedagogical impact of technology integration are recommended.

Oxide Solid Electrolytes in Solid‐State Batteries

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) have re‐emerged as high‐priority materials for enhancing the safety and power density of electrochemical energy storage devices. However, several challenges, including low ionic conductivity, narrow redox windows, and interface issues, hinder the practical deployment of solid‐state batteries (SSBs). In this review, we evaluate recent advances in the design, synthesis, and analysis of oxide SSEs and identify relevant structural and stability factors, as well as dimensional design concepts, for creating oxide SSEs to meet practical application requirements. We provide an overview of the development and characteristics of oxide SSEs, then analyze bulk and ion transport based on different structures. We summarize the progress made in various synthetic approaches to oxide SSEs and discuss issues related to their stability and factors influencing ionic conductivity. Furthermore, we present the main challenges and future development directions of oxide SSBs to pave the way for the practical applications of oxide SSEs.

Rank Ordered Design Attributes for Health Care Dashboards Including Artificial Intelligence: Usability Study.

On average, people in the United States visit a doctor 4 times a year, and many of them have chronic illnesses. Because of the increased use of technology, people frequently rely on the internet to access health information and statistics. People use health care information to make better-educated decisions for themselves and others. Health care dashboards should provide pertinent and easily understood data, such as information on timely cancer screenings, so the public can make better-informed decisions. In order to enhance health outcomes, effective dashboards should provide precise data in an accessible and easily digestible manner. This study identifies the top 15 attributes of a health care dashboard. The objective of this research is to enhance health care dashboards to benefit the public by making better health care information available for more informed decisions by the public and to improve population-level health care outcomes. The authors conducted a survey of health care dashboards with 218 individuals identifying the best practices to consider when creating a public health care dashboard. The data collection was conducted from June 2023 to August 2023. The analyses performed were descriptive statistics, frequencies, and a comparison to a prior study. From May 2023 to June 2023, we collected 3259 responses in multiple different states around the United States from 218 people aged 18 years or older. The features ranking in descending order of importance are as follows: (1) easy navigation, (2) historical data, (3) simplicity of design, (4) high usability, (5) use of clear descriptions, (6) consistency of data, (7) use of diverse chart types, (8) compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, (9) incorporated user feedback, (10) mobile compatibility, (11) comparison data with other entities, (12) storytelling, (13) predictive analytics with artificial intelligence, (14) adjustable thresholds, and (15) charts with tabulated data. Future studies can extend the research to other types of dashboards such as bioinformatics, financial, and managerial dashboards as well as confirm these top 15 best practices for medical dashboards with further evidentiary support. The medical informatics community may benefit from standardization to improve efficiency and effectiveness as dashboards can communicate vital information to patients worldwide on critically prominent issues. Furthermore, health care professionals should use these best practices to help increase population health care outcomes by informing health care consumers to make better decisions with better data.

Retail consumers' conundrum: An in-depth qualitative study navigating the motivations and aversion of chatbots

This study addresses prevailing gaps in retail marketing literature encompassing the (chatbot) adoption behavior by delving into the motivators and inhibitors influencing consumer decisions to adopt chatbots. Employing a qualitative approach, we gathered consumer insights through open-ended essays that explored consumer adoption and aversion of chatbots, intending to contrive an inductive understanding of this behavior jacked up by the grounded theory approach. The study involved 55 US-based chatbot users recruited through the Prolific Academic platform. Participants responded to open-ended essay questions exploring the motivators and barriers to consumer adoption of chatbots. The Gioia method was employed to develop theoretical notions from empirical data inductively. The study's findings lead to categorizing motivators into functional motives, design attributes, and relational motives. At the same time, inhibitors/barriers were classified as technological and/or functional and personal and/or perceptual. The study significantly contributes to the existing body of knowledge by addressing a critical deficiency in prior literature, explicitly identifying the factors that truncate chatbot adoption. Explaining demotivators for chatbot adoption significantly enriches the behavioral reasoning theory argument, which bases itself upon the reasons for and against a particular (adoption/aversion) behavior. The study's findings can be helpful for practitioners by highlighting the necessity of prioritizing user-centric features as well as addressing both technological and perception barriers to truncate chatbot aversion or improve the adoption rates of chatbots.

Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Traditional Soil Dwelling Renovation Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process—Quality Function Deployment—Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II: Case Study in Tuyugou Village in Turpan, Xinjiang

As the socio-economic landscape expands and tourism flourishes, the traditional earthen dwellings of Tuyugou Village, Turpan, Xinjiang, face significant challenges, including low energy efficiency and suboptimal living comfort, necessitating data-driven and scientifically robust renovation strategies. Existing renovation methods, however, often lack empirical support and rely heavily on the subjective judgments of architects, thus hindering the effective preservation and transmission of cultural heritage. This research addresses the renovation of these traditional dwellings by employing the AHP method to systematically evaluate user requirements, with input from diverse stakeholders, including homeowners, tourists, experts, and government authorities. The study then applies the QFD method to construct the House of Quality, translating user needs into specific design attributes; this is followed by a comprehensive quantitative analysis for optimization. A novel multi-objective optimization model (MOP) is introduced, with materials as the central focus, addressing key aspects of engineering, culture, and energy conservation. The NSGA-II algorithm is utilized to generate optimal Pareto solutions, which are then further refined using the entropy-weighted VIKOR method. Among the ten pre-selected renovation solutions, the sixth design plan was identified as the optimal choice, excelling in cost control, cultural integration, and energy performance. Specifically, it achieved a unit construction cost of RMB 340.566/m2, a cultural adaptability score of 1.5364, and an energy cost of RMB 352.793/kWh, thereby demonstrating an effective balance between traditional architectural elements and modern requirements. The objective decision making enabled by the VIKOR method successfully balances cultural preservation with contemporary needs, enhancing both living standards and tourism appeal. This study offers innovative and empirically grounded renovation strategies for traditional dwellings in arid and semi-arid climates, providing a framework that effectively balances cultural preservation and modernization.

Analysis of factors influencing Y-ring sealing under ultra-high-pressure, high-temperature and low-temperature conditions

Abstract To study the factors affecting the sealing performance of a Y-shaped sealing ring at the stem of a 140-MPa cage throttle valve under -46°25C and 180°C operating conditions, uniaxial tensile tests were conducted on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and its modified materials. Finite element simulation software was then used to perform a simulation study of the Y-shaped sealing ring. The finite element simulation software was used to perform a sensitivity analysis on the five most critical parameters of the Y-shaped sealing ring and to perform dimensional optimization by using the multi-island genetic algorithm. The results show that compared with 25°C, under a 180°C condition, the contact stress at both ends of the sealing lip decreases when the valve stem moves upward . Under the condition of -46°C, the contact stress at the sealing lip increases when the valve stem goes down, the contact stress at both ends of the sealing lip decreases when the valve stem goes up; and the impact of the stem movement speed on the maximum value of the Y-shaped sealing ring contact stress is small.The design dimensions that have the greatest influence on the maximum von Mises stress and the maximum contact stress of the inner lip of the Y-seal during stem movement are the width and the tip height of the lip, respectively. The optimum values of the design variables are determined and the feasibility of the theoretical design is verified by testing.

Identifying and optimizing critical process parameters for large-scale manufacturing of iPSC derived insulin-producing β-cells

BackgroundType 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disorder leading to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, requires lifelong insulin therapy. Islet transplantation offers a promising solution but faces challenges such as limited availability and the need for immunosuppression. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a potential alternative source of functional β-cells and have the capability for large-scale production. However, current differentiation protocols, predominantly conducted in hybrid or 2D settings, lack scalability and optimal conditions for suspension culture.MethodsWe examined a range of bioreactor scaleup process parameters and quality target product profiles that might affect the differentiation process. This investigation was conducted using an optimized High Dimensional Design of Experiments (HD-DoE) protocol designed for scalability and implemented in 0.5L (PBS-0.5 Mini) vertical wheel bioreactors.ResultsA three stage suspension manufacturing process is developed, transitioning from adherent to suspension culture, with TB2 media supporting iPSC growth during scaling. Stage-wise optimization approaches and extended differentiation times are used to enhance marker expression and maturation of iPSC-derived islet-like clusters. Continuous bioreactor runs were used to study nutrient and growth limitations and impact on differentiation. The continuous bioreactors were compared to a Control media change bioreactor showing metabolic shifts and a more β-cell-like differentiation profile. Cryopreserved aggregates harvested from the runs were recovered and showed maintenance of viability and insulin secretion capacity post-recovery, indicating their potential for storage and future transplantation therapies.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that stage time increase and limited media replenishing with lactate accumulation can increase the differentiation capacity of insulin producing cells cultured in a large-scale suspension environment.

Adaptive 360° video timeline exploration in VR environment

Timeline control is a crucial interaction during video viewing, aiding users in quickly locating or jumping to specific points in the video playback, especially when dealing with lengthy content. 360°videos, with their ability to offer an all-encompassing view, have gradually gained popularity, providing a more immersive experience compared to videos with a single perspective. While most 360°videos are currently displayed on two-dimensional screens, the timeline design has largely remained similar to that of conventional videos. However, virtual reality (VR) headsets provide a more immersive viewing experience for 360°videos and offer additional dimensions for timeline design. In this paper, we initially explored 6 timeline design styles by varying the shape and interaction distance of the timeline, aiming to discover designs more suitable for the VR environment of 360°videos. Subsequently, we introduced an adaptive timeline display mechanism based on eye gaze sequences to optimize the timeline, addressing issues like obstructing the view and causing distractions when the timeline is consistently visible. Through two studies, we first demonstrated that in the 360°space, the three-dimensional timeline performs better in terms of usability than the two-dimensional one, and the reachable timeline has advantages in performance and experience over the distant one. Secondly, we verified that, without compromising interaction efficiency and system usability, the adaptive display timeline gained more user preference due to its accurate prediction of user timeline needs.

STYLISTIC FEATURES OF THE DESIGN OF POSTERS OF THE XI'AN FILM STUDIO

Purpose of the study is to clarify the artistic features, style characteristics, and existing flaws in the poster design of different genre films produced by Xi'an Film Studio at different stages of its development, through the analysis of a large number of historical posters from Xi'an Film Studio; the use and development of graphics, colors, and symbols in the poster design; the exploration of the influence of the aesthetics of Western cinema. Methodology is based on the system-analytical, comparative, figurative-stylistic, compositional-constructive, comprehensive-historical and semiotic methods. This made it possible to comprehensively investigate the specified problem, made generalization and reach reasonable conclusions. Results. The main features of Xi'an Film Studio's movie poster design are revealed. The main characteristics of the design, existing flaws, and the application of the poster design of Xi'an Film Studio are summarized. According to the results of the research, the use and development of graphics, colors, and symbols in the poster design of Western cinema are summarized and applied. Scientific novelty. The characteristics and the application of Xi'an Film Studio's movie poster design are analyzed, the regional symbols that are applicated in the design are revealed, and some practical results and solution of Xi'an Film Studio's movie poster design are summarized. Moreover, an perspective that integrates media convergence and interdisciplinary approaches, combining theories from semiotics and communication studies to analyze various dimensions of poster design at the Xi'an Film Studio are be developed. A substantial amount of primary visual and textual materials has been gathered to facilitate a comprehensive analysis. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used to analyze and develop the application of design principles in the poster designs, brand designs, digital media and interactive design, provide practical experience for incorporating cultural elements into design, and offer a pathway for designing local cultural products in Shaanxi.

Enhancing teaching materials development course with the ICARE learning model in e-learning

Using e-learning in higher education has many important benefits and advantages in todays world of education. Therefore, this research aims to develop e-learning based on the introduction, connection, application, reflection, extend (ICARE) learning model for developing teaching materials courses in the Faculty of Education, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha. The Hannafin and Peck development model was adopted as a foundational method, and the digital content developed was subjected to formative evaluation methods, including i) expert validation, ii) individual assessment, and iii) small group evaluation. To ascertain the quality of the developed content, the research engaged 3 expert evaluators, each specializing in media, instructional design, and content. Concurrently, individual evaluation was carried out with 3 students, followed by a small group evaluation involving 9 additional students. Data collection techniques involved both observational measures and questionnaire-based inquiries. The expert assessment showed that the design, media, and content dimensions all fell within the "very good" category. Student reactions, as measured through both individual and small group evaluations, consistently aligned with the "very good" category. Therefore, the attractiveness and practicality of electronic learning (e-learning) fell under the "very good" classification, due to the implementation of the ICARE learning model as the foundational design principle.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR OPTIMIZED WELL CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT IN SUBSURFACE MODELS WITH UNPREDICTABLE GEOLOGY

A comprehensive control policy structure utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) is presented for closed-loop management in subsurface models. Conventional Closed-Loop Optimisation (CLO) approaches entail the iterative implementation of information assimilation, past synchronization details, and effective optimizing procedures. Information assimilation is more difficult when there is uncertainty in the geological approach and the specific model conclusions. Closed-Loop Reservoir Monitoring (CLRM) offers a control strategy that promptly correlates flow information obtained from wells, as typically accessible, to appropriate well stress configurations. The rule is characterized by time-based compression and gate-based converter sections. Learning is conducted during a preprocessing phase utilizing geological modeling derived from various geological settings. Illustrative instances of oil extraction using water insertion, utilizing both 2 and 3-dimensional geological designs, are shown. The AI-oriented technique demonstrates a 17.2% increase in Net Present Value (NPV) for 2D instances, an additional 31.5% for 3D cases compared to the effective optimization of previous models, and a 1-6.5% enhancement in NPV relative to standard CLRM. Based on the methods and variable configurations examined in this study, the controlling policy method yields a 71.34% reduction in processing expenses compared to conventional CLRM.

An Emerging Solid‐State Electrolyte Reactor to Drive the Future of Electrochemical Synthesis

AbstractElectrochemical reactors, powered by renewable electricity, have garnered widespread attention for chemical synthesis due to their low energy consumption and pollution‐free features. However, the inherent design flaw of traditional electrochemical reactors has persistently hindered the advancement of electrochemical synthesis, as they result in low product concentrations, low purity, and continuous production issues. As a novel electrochemical reactor, the porous solid‐state electrolyte (PSE) reactor is elaborately designed to overcome the limitation by enabling the direct and continuous synthesis of pure products, possessing a modular and scalable structure with high efficiency, safety, and long stability. In this work, first, the distinctive design of the PSE reactor, highlighting its structural features, core components, and variable configurations, is introduced. Furthermore, the configuration‐relevant applications in electrosynthesis, such as formic acid, acetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, are summarized. Integrated applications are also discussed, along with potential domains for improvements and optimization. Finally, the future developmental directions of the PSE devices are thoroughly explored. By addressing its unique design attributes, showcasing its capabilities, and envisioning prospective refinements and diverse applications, the aim is to boost the progression of this transformative technology toward widespread commercialization and industrial adoption, thereby revolutionizing sustainable electrochemical synthesis.

Environmental impacts of mechanically stabilised earth walls

Mechanically stabilised earth (MSE) walls have gained widespread popularity in North America because of their cost-effectiveness and reliable performance. Although the use of carbon-intensive materials for MSE walls is significantly lower compared to conventional retaining walls like concrete gravity walls and cantilever walls, heavy earthwork and transportation activities are involved in the construction of MSE walls, which increase their carbon footprint. The intensity of construction and transportation activities need particular attention because these are heavily reliant on the combustion of fossil fuels. In this study, the environmental impacts of MSE walls, reinforced by two common types – steel strips and geogrid – are quantified using life cycle assessment (LCA). A parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of (i) soil properties, (ii) material properties of reinforcement, (iii) applied load, (iv) design parameters, and (v) hauling distances of materials on the global warming impact of MSE walls. Based on the study, reference charts are developed for the purpose of quick estimation of global warming impact of MSE walls based on design dimensions, applied load, and site conditions.

Research on the Influencing Factors of Art Intervention in the Environmental Graphics of Rural Cultural Tourism Space

In the development of rural revitalization, the art intervention in rural cultural tourism has become a hot topic recently. With the advent of the new media era, it is particularly important to study the factors that affect the artistic value of environmental graphic design. This study proposes six dimensions of environmental graphic design for rural cultural tourism through literature analysis and experience summary, which are refined into 21 impact indicators. It is based on the case of the environmental graphic publicity of cultural tourism in Chongqing Nanshan Cattle Village, using the SBE beauty evaluation method to evaluate the influencing factors, while using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to measure each indicator. The consistency of the two evaluation methods verifies the feasibility of the influencing factors, and this study found the influence of visuality, cultural nature, artistic nature, interactivity, spatiality, and communicativeness on aesthetic value. Moreover, the core of environmental graphic design lies in information transmission, in which artistic nature occupies an important position, while cultural nature, although it has a relatively small weight in aesthetic value, cannot be ignored in social media communication. In terms of visual design, a reasonable layout of equipment significantly enhances visual appeal, while spatial adaptability is considered a key factor. This paper emphasizes the integration of art principles into design to promote sustainable development, while also pointing out that the identification of rural cultural symbols can enhance visitors’ cultural experience. In terms of interactivity, it is crucial to encourage visitors to actively participate and share their experiences, while communication emphasizes the important impact of exposure to rural scenes on brand communication. This research provides systematic theoretical support and practical guidance for the environmental graphic design of rural cultural tourism.

A comprehensive ergonomic validation of workspaces design employing digital and physical mock-ups in the case of light armored vehicle

The study aims to evaluate the compatibility of the proposed design workspace dimensions of light armored vehicle (LAV) with the targeted populations of Ethiopian army personnel using both digital and physical ergonomic evaluations. The dimensional compatibility was tested using digital mock-up interfaced with human manikin representing the anthropometries of 5th percentile female and 95th percentile male values for Ethiopian army. CATIA V5 software was utilized for developing digital human and vehicle models, while the physical mock-up was tested through minimum possible user trials (to avoid redundancy of testing) that involved 13 users sufficient to represent the target population. The intended vehicular workspaces, in terms of space adequacy, view field, reaching, and manipulative needs were found to be ideally compatible with the target users, accommodating 90% (for adjustable units) and 95% (for non-adjustable units) of them. This confirms that the proposed basic design dimensions of LAV workspaces for driver, gunner, commander, and other infantry troops are compatible with the target users in both evaluation techniques. Hence, our findings indicate that the newly proposed design dimensions can be utilized as design standards primarily for fabricating Ethiopian LAVs, as they ensure occupational compatibility for the users, which can improve crew operational performance, efficiency, and safety.

A dimensional design of tractor seat based on Iranian anthropometric characteristics.

The dimensional seat design process should consider both the users' tasks and their physical characteristics. To use an approach for the design and evaluation of seat dimensions based on the anthropometric characteristics of the Iranian population and the requirements of tractor operators. Some existing equations relating the seat dimensions to anthropometric characteristics were modified according to logical justifications and international standards. A new mathematical-statistical method was used to extract the equations estimating the constant seat dimensions based on the theoretical maximizing of the accommodation level. In addition, an Overall Seat Accommodation Score (OSAS) was developed to represent the mean of seat dimensions accommodation level and dimensional accommodation equality, simultaneously. The dimensional seat design can be affected under different conditions of adjustability, esthetic, and space limitations. However, it was shown that it is possible to improve the design of tractor seats without any significant increase in the final cost and complexity. A new approach was used for tractor seats for a sample of Iranian operators and can be used for the design and evaluation of tractor seats for other target populations.