Descriptive Theoretical Analysis Research Articles

Retention and Destruction of Health Information: A Review Study

Aim: Health information is used for better healthcare treatment, research, insurance, employment, auditing, and accreditation. The importance of retention of health information, the complexity of regulations, and the inability of healthcare institutions to keep such records permanently, led to this study. Method: This scoping review explicitly refers to “retention and destruction of health information” or equivalent terms regarding relevant studies and laws, published in PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL, SID, and websites of the Ministry of Health in countries since 2000. Data collection tool was the data collection form. It included details of the law, duration of retention, type of health information, year, and country of origin. Data analysis was conducted using comparative tables and determination of the common and different aspects of the system as a descriptive-theoretical analysis. Results: The study was carried out on regulations concerning the storing of hospitalization records of the usual, minor, emergency, death, and legal cases in different countries. In the countries under study, health information retention laws were updated according to the type and content of medical data, type of institution, and national conditions and laws. Conclusion: The legal period of retaining medical records is determined by variables like the type of illness or injury, location of an accident, patient's legal age, the likely course of treatment in terms of patient recovery or death, type of admission, and also the effect of these factors on medical, legal and scientific needs.

دراسات ما بعد الكولونيالية، الاسلاموفوبيا وإدراج حقائق الإسلام في الأدب الأمريكي: رواية "لو يجب أن أتكلم" لأم زكية نموذجا

Islam has been growing quickly in the world, yet it is a predominately misunderstood religion. Othering Islam through media propaganda and western writings, and mis associating it with some assumptions are still rampant. Thus, the researcher attempts at showing these assumptions stereotypical prejudgments of Islam and Muslims that are commonly associated with Western assumptions resulted in Islamophobia and exploring the role of counter-discourses in contemporary Black-American Fiction by analyzing Umm Zakiyyah’s If I Should Speak and showing to what extents the novel has an important role in correcting assumptions and narrating the Islamic facts. Thus, this article highlights Umm Zakiyyah’s narrative of Islam’s truth within its historical sources the Qur’an and the Sunnah. The paper analyses Umm Zakiyyah’s reconsideration of Islam’s truth, by focusing on the meaning of Islam and being a Muslim. To do so, this qualitative and non-empirical research is conducted in a descriptive-theoretical analysis, using the selected novel as a primary source and library and online critical materials, such as books and journal articles, as secondary references. Based on the analysis, it is found that Umm Zakiyyah narrates Islam and Muslims to counter the West’s negative view on Islam. Furthermore, based on the story, the power of Muslim self-identification within the historical transparent knowledge based on the Quran’s perspectives leads to the conversion of Tamika Douglass, proving that Islam can be perceived positively by non-Muslims; in this case, it is represented within its subjectivity. It is found that the novel can be a tool of Islamic da’wah [call for the faith]. Hence, the Muslim writers and novelists should write to solve the challenges facing Muslims and the Ummah by Islamizing English fiction.