Descriptive Interview Research Articles

The perceived long-term impact of peer teaching in the skills lab. A descriptive interview study

ABSTRACT Teaching is an essential skill for future doctors. Peer-assisted learning (PAL)–where students take up a teaching role at an early stage of their training–is widely used in medical curricula. No studies have explored the long-term perceived impact of peer teaching. Therefore, we aimed to determine how former peer teachers reflected on PAL and its perceived long-term impact. In this longitudinal descriptive study, we conducted 42 semi-structured interviews with 11 former peer teachers at the University of Antwerp. Five of them were interviewed 6 months after PAL; 6 of them 9 years after PAL. This latter group was also interviewed during PAL in a previous study. We conducted secondary analyses of previously collected interviews, consistently comparing the findings with new data gathered from the current interviews. Using realist thematic analysis, topic summary themes were generated. Former peer teachers reflected on their PAL experience with a lot of satisfaction. Those meanwhile working as residents are still passionate about teaching. Peer teachers experienced a gain in clinical examination- and professional skills in the long-term, facilitating a smoother transition to their internship. Our findings suggest that PAL selects diverse but committed students. The longitudinal data demonstrate how PAL initiates or stimulates different skills in diverse students, including public speaking, teaching, time management, and self-efficacy in specific clinical skills. Regarding the chicken-and-egg question, our study encompasses both longitudinal cases illustrating the pre-existing skill theory and cases demonstrating how achieved competences were induced by PAL. Former peer teachers experienced long-term benefits of PAL, which eased their transition into the internship. PAL has the potential to ignite a lasting passion for teaching, providing diverse and unique learning opportunities not only for the most talented and ‘pre-selected’ medical students but also for a range of dedicated future clinicians.

A mixed-methods pilot examination of Montana, North Dakota nurse practitioner telepresence behaviors through web-camera eye-tracking and qualitative descriptive interviews

A mixed-methods pilot examination of Montana, North Dakota nurse practitioner telepresence behaviors through web-camera eye-tracking and qualitative descriptive interviews

Health science students’ well-being during distance learning: a qualitative interview study

The recent shift from face-to-face learning to distance learning has affected students’ well-being, which could impact commitment to studies and lead to delays or interruptions. The aim of this study was to describe health science students’ experiences of well-being during the distance learning and social isolation resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative descriptive interview study was conducted with virtual semi-structured individual interviews. A total of 15 first-year health science students participated. Content analysis was used to analyse the data. The study identified six main categories of well-being: social relationships; healthy lifestyle; versatile everyday life; psychophysical well-being; the physical living environment; and adaptation to a new situation. The participants mainly reported satisfactory well-being, but they needed support to maintain it. The study showed that students’ well-being and resilience increased when distance learning lasted longer. In the future, it will be important to study how to combine the flexibility of distance learning with the communality of contact teaching.

Implementation of the 3-O Approach As an Innovation in Radio Program Production

Radio is one of the mass media that evolves along with the development of technology. Innovations are made not only in techniques, but also in broadcast program production. In the past, radio focused more on producing programs for On-Air and Off-Air, now radio has added a platform for producing its programs, that is Online. This innovation was carried out not only to be able to expand opportunities for advertising as a source of income, but also to meet the needs of listeners whose ways of consuming media have also changed along with the development of digital technology. This prompted the current research. The problem raised is how the implementation of On-air, Off-air, and also online approaches can be carried out in a broadcast radio program production. The purpose of this research is to find out and understand the implementation and its influence on the quality of programs on radio media. By using a qualitative approach and descriptive interview and observation methods, it is hoped that this research can describe the process of applying the On-Air, Off-Air, and Online approaches to radio broadcast programs. The results of this study are expected to provide solutions in improving the quality of radio broadcast programs which can provide great opportunities for advertising.
 Keywords: radio program, 3-O, On Air – Off Air Online, radio vision

Enhancing Consistency of Maximal Responding in Behavior Description Interviews: An Exploration of Priming and Response Length

In a Behavior Description Interview (BDI), candidates are asked to describe past experiences that demonstrate skills and abilities important for the position (Janz, 1982). A recent study by Huffcutt et al. (2020) found that only around half of participants (48.1 percent) describe an experience reflecting maximal performance capability. Random mixing of maximal capability with day-to-day typical performance tendencies is problematic psychometrically because candidates are not all providing comparable information and top candidates could be overlooked. Given notable methodological concerns with Huffcutt et al.’s approach, our first purpose was to provide empirical confirmation that maximal responding in BDIs is, in fact, inconsistent. Our estimate of the proportion of maximal responding was even lower (41.3 percent), further amplifying concerns when assessment of maximal performance capability is desired (e.g., for many professional positions). The second purpose was to investigate two factors that could increase the consistency of maximal responding: rewording the main BDI question to focus directly on absolute top-end experiences (i.e., priming) and longer response length. Both were found to have significant effects. A number of directions for future research were identified, which, along with these findings, could help researchers move closer to the long-term goal of uniform description of experiences that reflect each candidate’s maximal capability (or typical tendencies if so desired).

항공안전에 대한 초등학생의 선개념에 관한 연구

This study aims to understand preconceptions about aviation safety and explore foundational data for developing age-specific transportation safety, particularly aviation safety, education courses and content throughout the lifespan. Targeting elementary school 3rd-grade students, who initiate basic logical reasoning, the research employs semi-structured questions, descriptive interviews, and drawing techniques to assess preconceptions about aviation safety in the early stages of childhood. The findings reveal six types of preconception awareness: causal factors of accidents, forms of accidents, safety rules, risk and safety factors, awareness of seat safety, and visual perception of airplane safety. In conclusion, the study proposes the utilization of these preconceptions through a comparative analysis with scientific concepts in actual aviation safety education. This information can inform the development of educational content and instructional designs for aviation safety in the future, tailored to the developmental stages of students.

1768. Engaging Clinically and Socially Vulnerable Populations to Understand Their Perceptions of mRNA Vaccines

Abstract Background One of the COVID-19 pandemic’s greatest silver linings has been the success of mRNA-based vaccines. While successful, the public has had many questions and even concerns about these vaccines as the pandemic is the first time they were clinically used. Both clinically and socially vulnerable populations have borne a hugely disproportionate burden of the pandemic. It is a public health imperative to ensure vaccine uptake in these groups are as high as possible. This project aimed to understand vulnerable populations perspectives on mRNA vaccines and immunizations to inform the development and dissemination of educational materials. Methods We conducted semi-structured qualitative descriptive interviews with clinically vulnerable (e.g., 50+, those living in LTC and congregate settings, having immunocompromising conditions/treatments) and socially vulnerable (e.g., racialized, newcomer and indigenous) populations across Canada. We thematically analyzed the data to identify patterns of meaning across the interviews. Results Fourteen people participated in interviews. Themes include: 1) clinically vulnerable populations view mRNA vaccines as safe and important for protecting themselves against COVID-19 and wish for the general public to get vaccinated to protect those who are most vulnerable; 2) socially vulnerable populations felt that there was a lack of accessible and concise information about who is high risk for COVID-19, timing of vaccination and how natural immunity to COVID-19 impacts the need for vaccination; and 3) vulnerable populations felt that the general public no longer views getting vaccinated as important since they do not view themselves as at-risk of hospitalization or severe adverse events. Conclusion These findings suggest that vulnerable populations view the vaccine as safe but perceive that getting vaccinated is not a priority for the general public. Our team is developing educational resources for vulnerable populations and the public to promote vaccine uptake. With more mRNA vaccines being developed for other infectious diseases, these findings can help inform vaccine promotion efforts and increase confidence in mRNA vaccines. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

In Every Detail: Spiritual Care in Pediatric Palliative Care Perceived by Healthcare Providers

ContextSpiritual care is an essential domain of pediatric palliative care. The current mainland China faces a lack of national guidance and a shortage of specialized personnel to provide spiritual care in a traditional developing country. ObjectivesTo identify spiritual care in pediatric palliative care services in mainland China from the perspective of healthcare professionals. MethodsA qualitative descriptive interview study was conducted individually with 27 participants: 14 physicians, seven nurses, and six social workers. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. ResultsParticipants described that the essence of spiritual support was provided “in every detail” throughout pediatric palliative care. Four major themes and eleven subthemes were identified. 1) Assessing spiritual needs: paying attention to different perspectives; considering religion, tradition, and culture; discovering spiritual needs behind other needs. 2) Facilitating spiritual exploration: being with the family; providing resources; guiding by providers’ own faith; 3) Supporting connections: encouraging the building of personal bonds; facilitating the establishment of spiritual connections. 4) Relieving spiritual suffering: facilitating a family review of child's life; supporting building meaning in daily life; assisting in leaving a legacy for the child. ConclusionThis study illustrated that current spiritual support, though not formally organized, is provided individually in pediatric palliative care services in mainland China. Strategies for a practice guide, education and training for professionals, and cultural building need to be rationally developed to strengthen and structure spiritual support integrated into pediatric palliative care.

A mixed-methods pilot examination of Montana, North Dakota nurse practitioner telepresence behaviors through web-camera eye-tracking and qualitative descriptive interviews.

The use of telehealth for mental health-related encounters has increased exponentially since the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known how nurse practitioners (NPs) in rural areas establish connection and presence with patients through telehealth. To leverage web-camera eye-tracking technology coupled with qualitative interviews to better understand rural NPs' perceptions, beliefs, experiences, and visual cues of connection and presence during mental health-related telehealth encounters. This mixed-methods study employed web-camera eye-tracking technology to measure eye contact, facial/body movements with microexpressions, and auditory expressions during a simulated mental health-related telehealth visit. A qualitative descriptive methodology was used to conduct semistructured interviews with participants regarding utilization of telehealth in rural mental health care delivery. Sticky software, R, and STATA were used for the quantitative eye-tracking and demographic data analyses. Qualitative findings were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Ten NPs participated in the eye-tracking aspect of the study; among them, three completed semistructured interviews. Eye-tracking areas of interest were significant for the number of fixations ( p = .005); number of visits ( p < .001); time until notice ( p < .001); and time viewed ( p < .001). The category Workflow had the greatest number of thematic units ( n = 21) derived from semistructured interviews. Although an accessible means of obtaining data, web-camera eye tracking poses challenges with data usability. This prompts further attention to research, optimizing the telehealth milieu to lessen patient and provider frustrations with technological or environmental issues. Nurse practitioners provide a key voice in the design and deployment of telehealth platforms congruent with the comprehensive assessment and presence of remote care delivery.

Clinician-perceived barriers and facilitators for the provision of actionable processes of care important for persistent or chronic critical illness.

To explore clinician-perceived barriers to and facilitators for the provision of actionable processes of care important for patients with persistent or chronic critical illness. Qualitative descriptive interview study. Secondary analysis of semi-structured telephone interviews (December 2018 - February 2019) with professionally diverse clinicians working with adults experiencing persistent or chronic critical illness in Canadian intensive care units. We used deductive content analysis informed by the Social-Ecological Model. We recruited 31 participants from intensive care units across nine Canadian provinces. Reported intrapersonal level barriers to the provision of actionable processes of care included lack of training, negative emotions and challenges prioritizing these patients. Facilitators included establishment of positive relations and trust with patients and family. Interpersonal barriers included communication difficulties, limited access to physicians and conflict. Facilitators included communication support, time spent with the patient/family and conflict management. Institutional barriers comprised inappropriate care processes, inadequate resources and disruptive environmental conditions. Facilitators were regular team rounds, appropriate staffing and employment of a primary care (nurse and/or physician) model. Community-level barriers included inappropriate care location and insufficient transition support. Facilitators were accessed to alternate care sites/teams and to formalized transition support. Public policy-level barriers included inadequacy of formal education programs for the care of these patients; knowledge implementation for patient management was identified as a facilitator. Our results highlighted multilevel barriers and facilitators to the delivery of actionable processes important for quality care for patient/family experiencing persistent or chronic critical illness. Using the Social-Ecological Model, the results of this study provide intra and interpersonal, institutional, community and policy-level barriers to address and facilitators to harness to improve the care of patients/family experiencing persistent or chronic critical illness. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies. No patient or public contribution.

Live bedside music for hospitalized older adults: A qualitative descriptive interview study.

Hospitalization may have a major impact on older patients as it is often a period of psychosocial vulnerability. Music is one of the most described art forms used in healthcare. Applied in clinical settings, it can affect a patients' emotional and psychosocial well-being. Incorporating a wider perspective of health promotion that aims to advance not only physical health, but a patients' overall well-being, is part of a person-centred approach to care. We developed an innovative participatory music practice in which professional musicians and music therapists visited patients at their bedside for 10-15 min in a Dutch and Austrian hospital. This qualitative study explores the added value of live bedside music practice for older hospitalized patients in Austria and the Netherlands. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between October 2020 and February 2022 with 23 hospitalized patients aged ≥60 years. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the music sessions in Austria were facilitated by establishing a live connection between musicians and patients using a tablet. Data were transcribed verbatim and performed qualitative content analysis following the steps of thematic analysis. The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) checklist was applied to report data collection, analysis and results. Four themes emerged from the data analysis. Participants described the perceived influences of live bedside music in terms of (1) emotional release, (2) positive distraction, (3) alterations in contact and (4) shared humanity. Overall, participants positively valued the live bedside music practice and expressed a desire for its continuation. This study explores the experiences and the added value of live bedside music for older hospitalized patients. By facilitating distraction and emotional release and enhancing nurse-patient interactions, live bedside music can significantly improve hospital experiences for older patients. Results reveal that live bedside music provides a positive patient experience and can be part of integrative and holistic care for hospitalized older patients. Live bedside music can attend to the emotional needs of older patients which are often under addressed in clinical settings but are crucial for enhancing their well-being.

Analisis Pemahaman Mahasiswa Pba Stambuk 2020 Terhadap Nasikh Mansukh Dalam Studi Ilmu Al-Qur’an

The purpose of this study was to find out how far the understanding of Nasikh and Mansukh by PBA Stambuk 2020 students. This study used a mixed research method, in which data collection was taken using a questionnaire or questionnaire method also using interviews to find research results in the form of descriptive interviews, . The results of the study show that the majority of PBA Stambuk 2020 students have a basic understanding of the Nasikh and Mansukh concepts. These students understand the terminology of Nasikh and Mansukh studies in the study of Al-Qur'an science. However, some students experience difficulties in understanding the study of history and the reasons behind the abolition or replacement of the syara' law or what is known as Nasikh and Mansukh.

An Analysis the Factors of Student Interest in English Language SB Sentul Malaysia

One of the things that makes students learn English is interest. Interest in English makes students want to learn it. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors that influence students' interest in English language. This study used a qualitative descriptive interview method where the research was conducted by interviewing students outside the classroom by taking as many as 5 respondents who were students at Sanggar Bimbingan Sentul, Malaysia. As a result, students are interested in learning English because they want to continue their higher education, because they are more comfortable communicating with friends who speak English, and because the school demands it, so it becomes a habit and results in interest.

The Experience of Spanish-Speaking Latinos in Maintaining Dietary and Physical Activity Changes after the National Diabetes Prevention Program

ABSTRACT Background The impact of the National Diabetes Prevention Program (N-DPP) for Latinos post-program participation is uncertain. Purpose We examine the experiences of Latinos who participated in the N-DPP in continuing the dietary and physical activity changes learned in the program. Methods This is a qualitative descriptive interview study. We recruited 19 Latino adults who participated in a culturally and linguistically adapted N-DPP. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data and report emerging themes. Results Participants discussed how the program improved their knowledge about healthier lifestyles, and shared specific tools and strategies that they used to maintain learned program behaviors. Factors related to discontinuation of behaviors included missing the group social support, losing commitment over time, and avoiding family conflict. Maintenance of behaviors was mainly facilitated by family support. Discussion Our study suggests that Latinos who participated in the N-DPP gained useful knowledge on healthier behaviors and learning strategies for implementation into their lifestyle, but barriers remain. Translation to Health Education Practice Adaptations of the program for Latinos should consider the important roles of family and social support to improve N-DPP outcomes for this group and better support Latinos in preventing diabetes.

UPAYA SEKOLAH DALAM MENGHADAPI TANTANGAN GLOBALISASI

The purpose of this study is to find out how the efforts of school principals face the challenges of globalization. This research is the result of field research conducted in several sub-districts in Tangerang Regency, this research is descriptive analysis using an empirical approach. Data collection techniques are taken as primary data and secondary data obtained through interviews and observation. With research steps: Data collection, classification and analysis, data processing, conclusions and reports. The informants in this study were 4 people consisting of 3 heads and 1 school supervisor in Tangerang district. The results of the research in the form of descriptive interviews and observations said that: schools must master IT in order to be able to keep up with globalization, school principals are required to have entrepreneurial competence, so that they can give birth to various creativity and innovations from teachers and students in schools, supervision or supervision, and provide training or workshops.

Presentation-based Macromedia Flash Design on Static Electricity Material for Junior High School Students

The study aimed to design a presentation-based macromedia flash on static electricity for junior high school students. This study uses the type of research and development. The ADDIE model was chosen in this study, which includes: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. However, the design stage is carried out in 3 stages: analysis, design, and development. The research data were obtained by reviewing the curriculum, interviews, and validation questionnaires. There were 9 students in class IX who were subject to a limited trial in this study. Data was analysed by reviewing the curriculum contents, descriptive interview results, and quantitative analysis for validation results. The results showed that the presentation-based macromedia flash design results on static electricity material for junior high school students were declared valid and could be used by junior high school students. It was concluded that the results of the presentation-based macromedia flash design as a learning medium for static electricity material were accurate and could be utilized by junior high school students.

Perceptions of Finns with chronic diseases about factors affecting their eHealth literacy: A qualitative interview study.

This study aims to describe the factors related to the individual, the system and their interaction, which can affect eHealth literacy from the perspective of people living with one or multiple chronic diseases. As digital solutions are increasingly used in healthcare, perspectives of patients with chronic diseases must be considered. The study design was a qualitative, descriptive interview study, gathering the insights of people living in Finland with chronic disease. The individual semi-structured interviews (n = 17) were conducted via telephone. The eHealth Literacy Framework was used in the data analysis, with a deductive-inductive approach. The range of skills included in the eHealth Literacy Framework was widely applied by participants who described themselves as adept at using eHealth environments to manage health-related needs. The participants evaluated online information and took an active role in self-management of their chronic disease. Most importantly, even participants possessing many of the skills in the eHealth Literacy Framework experienced difficulties in using eHealth environments, and the accessibility of eHealth environments was highlighted. eHealth environments could be useful for health promotion and self-management for people with chronic diseases, but only presuming the environments are adapted to their level of eHealth literacy skills.

Nurses' perspective on team learning in interprofessional teams.

The aim of this study is to find out what learning activities in interprofessional teams and what influencing factors for team learning activities in interprofessional teams can be described by nurses working in interprofessional teams. We conducted a descriptive interview study. We used a semi-structured interview guideline and interviewed 10 nurses (N=10) working in interprofessional teams. We analyzed our data using a qualitative content analysis. Nurses describe team learning activities of knowledge sharing, team reflection, and storing and retrieving. Furthermore, our results show that team stability is important for interprofessional teams. Our results can be helpful for hospitals to improve organizational structures that help interprofessional teams to work together. Furthermore, vocational education and training for nurses should offer possibilities for nursing students to learn together with students of other fields.

OP016 [Medical Workforce &amp; Education » Staff well being /health (Stress, burnout, moral distress, spirituality)]: THE EXPERIENCE OF PICU LEADERS WITH RESTRICTED FAMILY PRESENCE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A QUALITATIVE DESCRIPTIVE INTERVIEW STUDY

OP016 [Medical Workforce &amp; Education » Staff well being /health (Stress, burnout, moral distress, spirituality)]: THE EXPERIENCE OF PICU LEADERS WITH RESTRICTED FAMILY PRESENCE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A QUALITATIVE DESCRIPTIVE INTERVIEW STUDY

"It Hits Me Right Here at my Heart": Promoting Emotional Health of Home Care Workers.

Demand for home and community-based services continues to outpace employment of home care workers (HCWs) who provide this vital assistance. HCWs face challenges that contribute to inadequate staff retention. Of particular concern is the lack of research on HCWs' emotional health. This research describes facilitators and resources that support HCW emotional health. Qualitative descriptive interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of HCWs (n = 17) who were formally recognized for their success. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded in Dedoose. Thematic analysis revealed three facilitators of emotional health that HCWs link to their professional success: "right state of mind," practicing self-care, and a combined sense of appreciation and support. HCWs highlight specific, practicable resources that promote their emotional health. Policy implications connects low wages and benefits to HCW emotional health, and practice implications for enhancing training and support to retain these important workers.