Description Of Philosophy Research Articles

ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ФИЛОСОФИЯ И ОНТОЛОГИЯ АВТОНОМНЫХ ЗОН

The article reveals the content of the Temporary Autonomous Zones’ conception (TAZ), proposed by the American anarchist thinker and poet Hakim Bey (real name – Peter Lamborn Wilson, 1945–2022) and rather poorly represented in Russian-language scientific publications. The political and intellectual contexts within which this concept was formed and formulated, as well as its ontological roots, theorized by Hakim Bey himself, are highlighted. A brief overview of the main provisions of this concept, a critical reaction to it from other anarchist authors (M. Bookchin), as well as counterarguments by post-anarchist theorists R. F. Day and S. Newman are presented. The relevance of this work is due to the fact that the trends of instability and non-linearity, fixed both in the modern post-non-classical world picture (reflected in philosophy) and in current global politics, though not identical, but in a certain way correlate with anarchist approaches to understanding reality in general and political reality in particular. The purpose of this articleis attempt to incorporate the concepts of ontological anarchy and autonomous zones, developed by Bey in the 80s of the 20th century, into the context of the latest theoretical approaches in ontology, namely those presented by Q. Meillassoux’s speculative materialism, L. R. Brynt’s object-oriented ontology (onticology) and B. Latour’s actor-network theory. This also determines the scientific novelty of this work, achieved by methods of historical and philosophical description and comparative analysis and also thanks to the involvement of a number of rare English-language sources devoted to the scientific consideration of the work of Hakim Bey. The results of the work include the detection of theoretical approaches to the development and articulation of an anarchist political ontology, which may be associated with further areas of scientific research. In addition, as a conclusion, those nuances of the concept of autonomous zones that seem to be the most relevant today are outlined.

Естественнонаучные и философские аспекты единства живописи и музыки: взгляд через призму искусственного интеллекта

This article discusses a philosophical description of the unity of painting and music through the prism of the natural-science phenomenon of the generation of phonon oscillations by the surface of a painting surface. A method is proposed for using artificial intelligence in the automated detection of phonon oscillations, which consists in a matrix recording of dynamic two-dimensional light scattering, convolution of the matrix into topological indices, and sonification of the change in indices over time. We have developed the new method for controlling surface phonon oscillations based on diffuse reflection kinetics. The specialized software “Vidan” records the kinetics of changes with 10 topological indices, which reflects the propagation of a phonon wave on the surface during capture and inelastic scattering of secondary cosmic rays [3]. To control the state of the surface, either the fingerprint of 10 topological descriptors is used (this analysis is automated through the “Atrium” remote software), or a spectral analysis of the distribution of descriptor values in time is carried out. In art the method was used for generation the "digital" passport (including the topological descriptors) of new paintings in order to control the appearance of copies. The algorithm for converting phonon oscillations of a painting leads to the generation of a unique melody. In this case, the main part of the creative activity belongs not to the composer, but to artificial intelligence, which generates a melody based on the chemical composition of the paint material of the picture and the method of applying the painting layer (that is, the artist's "hands"). The material heritage of the painter's work continues to generate new works of art “offline”, while artificial intelligence acts only as a way of detecting and sonification of the natural vibrations of the surface of the picture. It is shown that each painting generates its own unique melody. This uniqueness made it possible to propose an original system for checking the authenticity of works of art: for new works of artists. A cloud-based automated control system "Atrium" has been implemented, which allows tracking any logistical movements of the picture and the change of owner according to the topological musical digital passport of the picture generated by its surface.

THE UNIQUENESS AND FEATURES OF THE MORAL AND ETHICAL CONCEPT OF AL-FARABI

The scientist, philosopher Abu Nasyr al-Farabi in his works "Treatise on the views of the inhabitants of a virtuous city", "Indicating the path to happiness", "On states of happiness", "Civil policy" and in others considered the uniqueness and features of the moral and ethical concept. The scientist conducted a scientific analysis of social and ethical issues and gave a philosophical description of moral qualities: dignity, kindness, justice, human behavior, customs and ways to achieve happiness. The purpose and objectives of the study are to comprehensively study the prerequisites, the history of formation, the essence and significance of the moral and ethical views of al-Farabi, and to determine their features.

Including the Epistemic in Democratic Music Pedagogy

Abstract: Philosophical descriptions of democratic music education frequently rely on “inclusion” and “participation” as the defining features of democratically oriented music programs. Democratic epistemic considerations, such as regulatory ideals of musical quality and excellence, however, are less commonly cited, if not actively avoided. This paper addresses several primary reasons for the paucity of epistemic considerations in democratic music education and problematizes current concerns about epistemic judgements from a democratic perspective. Drawing on Miranda Fricker’s influential concept of epistemic injustice, this paper argues that democratic dialogue that respects values of diversity and inclusion cannot legitimately ignore epistemic dimensions because doing so occludes the epistemic dimensions of cultural, racial, and gender diversity in music education classrooms.

A rough-set and AI based approach for hierarchical cognitive processing of perceptions

Modelling the psychological and cognitive processes is an important issue in theoretical and clinical aspects. Most of the modellings concern much on qualitative and philosophical descriptions. This research resorts to quantitative modelling of human cognitive processing based on rough sets, AI, and mathematical approaches. We formalise psychological targets and properties by objects and features. A feature domain is associated with these objects and features. Based on the subjects’ perception of the values in the feature domain, the cognitive processing is proceeded via deterministic procedures and non-deterministic procedures. The non-deterministic procedures involve the setting of rough set approximations. To evaluate the parameters involved in the setting, we design several experiments and algorithm, in particular probabilistic structures and entropy, to evaluate the effects of these parameters. These provide a great degree of flexibility in practical applications. These approaches could be easily implemented by or combined with machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques. Our approach could be applied directly in clinical assessment and mental health probing.

Critical Realism, Social Constructivism, and the Trinity

ABSTRACT Science is a socially conditioned enterprise that strives for maximum rationality and objectivity in its explanation of the world. However, since the relativity of its social conditioning opposes its drive for objectivity, there is a philosophical tension at the very heart of science. Given this tension, why does science even work? More precisely, why does science converge to the truth rather than diverging from it? This article provides a philosophical description of this tension and a theological explanation of its happy resolution.

Ontology and Emotion in Reflexive Design Practices

Ontology and Emotion in Reflexive Design Practices

Towards an Ethic of Ecological Resilience

ABSTRACT In this paper I use the concept of ecological resilience as a basis for a moral approach to the environment. Particularly, I propose a reformulation of Leopold'ss moral principle, central to ecocentrism, through the lense of ecological resilience. I will do this by, first, reviewing the main assumptions of ecocentrism and resilience ethics. I will then focus on the concept of resilience and its philosophical description, and I will try to further develop resilience ethics by reformulating the resilience principle and answering some potential problems by proposing the notion of ecological desirability.

La pensée des lieux de Paul Ricœur à l’épreuve du paysage. Un dialogue possible entre herméneutique, esthétique performative et phénoménologie

In this article, we argue that Paul Ricœur’s hermeneutics of spaces and the aesthetics vision of the landscape as a performance, based on the contemporary theories of Erika Fischer-Lichte, can integrate each other through the mediation of Mikel Dufrenne’s phenomenology of the a priori. In particular, we will show how the representations and the hermeneutics of a landscape as a peculiar “text” are essentially connected with its the pre-reflective experience, which, being made possible by the activation of precise material – and therefore historical and cultural – a priori, can be thus translated into images and words. By intertwining hermeneutics, phenomenology, and performative esthetics we will provide with a non-reductive philosophical description of a landscape, i.e., a definition that does not neglect the aspects of it suggested by its linguistic pre-comprehension and artistic representations.

Cognitive Instrumentalism about Mental Representations

AbstractRepresentationalists and anti‐representationalists disagree about whether a naturalisation of mental content is possible and, hence, whether positing mental representations in cognitive science is justified. Here, I develop a novel way to think about mental representations based on a philosophical description of (cognitive) science inspired by cognitive instrumentalism. On this view, our acceptance of theories positing mental representations and our beliefs in (something like) mental representations do not depend on the naturalisation of content. Thus, I conclude that if we endorse cognitive instrumentalism about mental representations, then we can finally leave the dispute between representationalism and anti‐representationalism behind.

Beyond Secularization and Post-Secularity—Joseph Ratzinger’s and Józef Tischner’s Concept of a Breakthrough

The inspiration to write this article was provided by the assessment made by Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI: man of the Western civilization is undergoing a deep spiritual crisis. Therefore, conversion, a breakthrough, or spiritual renewal is absolutely necessary. Without this renewal, humanity will become a victim of its own thinking, wanting and acting. As I search for a philosophical description of the breakthrough postulated by Benedict XVI, I refer to the original philosophical and religious thought of Polish philosopher Józef Tischner, who presents the question of the breakthrough at the anthropological-axiological level, where he exposes the issue of interpersonal correlation. The basis for the permanent existence of this correlation is man’s ethical awareness grounded in the ethic of dialogue. This grounding is particularly important, because it is a guarantee for overcoming internal and external threats to the existence of a religious community. Tischner presents the issue of this grounding against the background of the secularization of Western society. By distinguishing relative secularization from radical secularization, Tischner provides an insightful analysis of the phenomenon of the apparent and the true sacrum. For a real breakthrough, only the true sacrum, which Tischner believes to appear at the level of the Christian sanctum, is of primary importance. He understands sanctum as holiness grounded in goodness. It is holiness that is the real key to overcoming man’s multiple crises at the level of his thinking and religious life, at the level of both his private and social life. The presence of sanctum in human life constitutes, in Tischner’s view, the very core of the breakthrough and an expression of the important significance of religion in both individual and social human life. According to Tischner, it is owing to the presence of sanctum, i.e., that which is absolutely good, that man does not have to fall into the trap of post-secular thinking. For post-secularity, as Tischner believes, seeks ways to overcome the tension between the secularized world and the world of religion only in renouncing, for epistemic reasons, the absolutization of secular reason. In his opinion, however, this is not enough for believers and non-believers to follow a common path of cultivating the heritage of universal principles and values, historically expressed mainly in religious life. Only the capacity for selfless kindness can serve as the basic condition for both believers and non-believers to understand and preserve this heritage.

Overcoming ambiguity in assessing the financial sustainability of Crimean hospitality companies for anti-crisis management

The subject of the research is the system of methods of financial management of a company, in which a contradictory situation of conflict of goals of its development has developed, with the obligatory occurrence of systemic crises on the one hand, and the rule of constant preservation of a low risk of financial destabilization, on the other. The relevance of the study is due to the significant distance of system analysis in its categories from strategic financial analysis. Systemic destabilization of active investment outwardly looks the same as the end-of-life bankruptcy crisis, which significantly distorts the perception of potential investors in the industry in general. The scientific novelty lies in the substantiation of a method that makes it moving from a simple identification of the transitional (crisis) development stages of an unstable system (company) to the substantiation of the parameters of a strategic program, including within the framework of anti-crisis management. The aim of the research is to adapt analysis methods of the system’s crisis states to the provisions of the most system-oriented financial analysis techniques have being applied to disclose the unstable states of the “system-enterprise”. The system analysis has been chosen as the research method in various areas of its manifestation: from a general philosophical description of unstable system with characteristics of a company’s life cycle to a model for assessing the company’s financial stability for strategic purposes. The result of modeling the financial condition of such unstable companies taking into account provisions of the system analysis, was the formulation of a new category of strategic financial management — the Strategic zone for the financial stability transformation, which serves as the basis for a long-term program for the transformation of the financial condition. As a conclusion, it can be noted that applying of the financial analysis method for strategic purposes (“Fregat” model) in a single connection with the system analysis provides the possibility to identify the most dangerous crises from the standpoint of the identification complexity and consequences of the cochirid stage crises of the system development. Also, this allows to separate the investment (justified) destabilization from instability which could be the cause of wrong actions of the company’s management. All this makes it possible to objectively assess the macroeconomic indicators of the hospitality industry in general.

BOAZ HAGIN’S PHILOSOPHY OF DEATH AS REFLECTED IN THE HUNGER GAMES TRILOGY FILMS

The Hunger Games is one of Hollywood films that contains deaths and deadly scenes throughout its trilogy. There are plenteous meanings of deaths that can be analyzed from the films, which will develop new meanings and definitions of deaths as an interesting topic to discuss. The researcher employed Boaz Hagin's framework of death because Hagin provides a framework about deaths and how deaths can be meaningful. In his book, he writes a broader range of philosophical description about deaths in Classical Hollywood Cinema which explores the morality and ethical values of mainstream films that portrays death as a meaningful part of life. The research problem is what is the meaning of deaths found in Hunger Games using Hagin’s framework of deaths. This research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach aiming at describing the phenomenon and characteristics. The data collected qualitatively by examining them throughout to get relevant issues and ideas and classify them. The findings show that death can bring meanings to characters in the films, such as a death in line where death means as a savior for their beloved ones, death as politic seen from the characters' past life that brings hope for the future, death as the Access, Authority, and Test, can be seen from how the characters use their talent to survive.

La autocomprensión de la filosofía y vida fáctica

En el siguiente artículo se aborda el problema de la concepción de sí misma de la filosofía en conexión con la noción de vida fáctica en las lecciones que Heidegger dictara entre los años 1919-1923 en Friburgo. La hipótesis hermenéutica aquí ensayada propone avanzar primero en el modo en que Heidegger plantea la pregunta por la filosofía y cuál es ahí el núcleo problemático, y sólo luego intentar ver cuáles son los elementos formales a los que el tratamiento de la así llamada “vida fáctica” (cualquier cosa que esta sea desde el punto de vista de su descripción) debe dar satisfacción para ser una respuesta a la pregunta. En este sentido la noción heideggeriana de vida fáctica sería una condición metódica básica en relación al proyecto de autocomprensión filosófica.

Uma cosmologia em Nietzsche

This paper attempts to compose a cosmology starting from Nietzsche’s thought. In order to so, it is essential to deal with two kinds of “grandnesses” that serve to constitute an idea of world: the forces and the time. For the composition of the framework of a cosmology supported by the thought of the German philosopher, it is fundamental to analyze, firstly, the notions of relational forces – will to power – and the eternal return. After that, a space of conversation between the mentioned philosophical descriptions and some speculations generated by the modern quantum physics will be proposed, especially those derived from the string theory. It is not expected, with this theoretical conversation, the defense of some “scientific firmness” crossed in the thought of Nietzsche, or the argument that the philosopher advanced conclusions that collaborated with this branch of physics. In fact, the points of convergence – if any – among the descriptions are nearest to an attempt of narrating a “reading” of the world: “our own reading”.

The Interrogation Room Metaphor: A Teacher’s Use of Phenomenology to Conceptualise and Describe the Thinking and Learning Mind

Taking thinking as a subjective human experience, this paper posits philosophical description, alongside explanations derived from cognitive science, as an additional prospective theoretical constituent underpinning modern education and learning theory. A series of phenomenological reflections was carried out, in the tradition of the classical phenomenologists, in an attempt to conceptualise the phenomenon of thinking from an educational perspective, and more clearly define it in the context of learning. Emphasising the situated, contextual and interactive nature of thinking, the resulting description is hereby presented, in the spirit of resonance and catalytic authenticity, together with an accompanying visual metaphor based on an interrogation room set-up in a law enforcement setting.

Comparative Philosophy and Decolonial Struggle: The Epistemic Injustice of Colonization and Liberation of Human Reason

AbstractThis essay explores the extent to which comparative philosophy can assist decolonial struggle. In order to accomplish this task, I offer not only a description of philosophy's colonization but also an account of how this discipline remains subject to the coloniality of knowledge. In short, insofar as race, gender, class, and sexuality are considered irrelevant or accidental to the production of philosophical knowledge, professional philosophy replicates, if not continues, what Rajeev Bhargava terms the epistemic injustice of colonialism. One response to the colonization of philosophy is “diversification” by means of putting into conversation philosophers, systems, and ideas from differing cultures or regions throughout the world. While a step forward, insofar as philosophical comparisons occur primarily on an East–West axis, philosophers are not necessarily addressing the biases, prejudices, racism, and exceptionalism endemic to their discipline. In fact, such a directionality typically reinforces the sense of historical development that undergirds Western philosophy's self‐understanding. This essay, therefore, offers a series of recommendations for how to radicalize comparative philosophical efforts so as to address global epistemic injustice and aid in the process of decolonization.

Leadership as a Relational Phenomenon: What This means in Practice

This article stands in support of Eacott’s primary intention of promoting a relational approach to leadership. However, its distinctiveness is in how this relational quality of leadership is understood, described and defended. In contrast to the essentially philosophical description provided by Eacott, this article offers a far more research-informed and practical understanding of leadership as a relational phenomenon. It begins by highlighting widespread international corporate research, which is paving the way for the general acceptance of leadership being a relational phenomenon. Also, the article draws upon a multidisciplined array of understandings to illustrate what can be considered as the relational foundational of leadership, which are then captured within seven fundamental principles of relational leadership practice. The final section of this article offers a pathway for those who wish to work towards enhancing their relational leadership capacity

FEMINISME : ANTARA OTORITER DAN OTORITATIF

<em>This paper is a philosophical description of women's knowledge. Does gender affect the way and what knowledge will be obtained by someone. If we follow the thesis of historical materialism of Marxism, then the answer is "yes," because a person's position in the relations of production determines the way he knows, and what content he will acquire, and women, in patriarchal society, the disadvantaged position. Then, whether to provide a critical assessment of the way and content of gender-affected knowledge requires a certain universal rationality assessment criterion. If so, how to make that rationality no longer a new force of oppressors, as claimed by postmodern thinkers. Feminism, as a philosophical movement and reflection, must use certain universal rationality and criteria of judgment without falling on totalitarianism on the one hand, or relativism on the other. Feminism must be authoritative without being authoritarian</em>

Toward a Philosophy of Collaboration

The authors find themselves in the midst of a global social transformation that is shaping the common perception of reality. The development of technology-enabled collaborative networks, virtual collaboration, structured collaboration processes, and digital team collaboration affects every part of society. Research on collaboration and collaboration systems has achieved sufficient maturity and scope that an overall conceptual definition of collaboration is now needed and possible. This article proposes a conceptual approach and terminology as a step towards bridging isolated communities of collaborating researchers in various fields. The authors offer a fundamental philosophical description of what collaboration is (and is not) based on relevant epistemological, metaphysical, and axiological insights derived from a synthesis of existing collaboration research, and the authors outline the most obvious needs for further research toward formalizing a more fully-realized philosophy of collaboration.