Desa Pakraman Research Articles

Problems of Implementing Village Origin Rights in Indonesia

Local democracy in the village is essentially based on these rights of origin and traditional rights. This paper aims to discuss the problems of villages in exercising their rights of origin in Indonesia. To understand how these rights of origin are implemented, this article refers to the practice of Nagari as a customary legal community unit in West Sumatra Province. Not only that, enrichment related to implementing rights of origin also refers to Desa Pakraman in Bali Province. This article uses a literature study derived from documents that have been published from various sources such as articles in scientific journal, mass media news, and official government documents. This article finds that problems in the application of origin and traditional village rights arise because of strict government regulations that encourage village governments to focus on carrying out governance functions in their area. Using the principles of recognition and subsidiarity in the administration of village government results in an attitude of ambiguity in the administration of village government. As a result, the village government prefers to implement the household authority handed over to it accompanied by a budget through Village Fund transfers rather than developing the original rights that have become the identity of pre-existing local democracy.

Non Performing Loan Moderates Influence Credit Provided By LPD Profitability In LPD Gianyar Sub-District

The Village Credit Institution (LPD) is a financial business entity owned by a traditional village and carries out business activities within the traditional village environment. LPD is one of the assets and sources of income for traditional villages, so it requires good management by management and supervisory bodies. In general, the LPD aims to improve the standard of living of villagers and to preserve the existence of traditional villages in the Province of Bali. The Village Credit Institution (LPD) is a financial institution owned by Desa Pakraman which has special characteristics. This specificity is mainly related to the obligations of the LPD towards Desa Pakraman which are physical/scale as well as non-physical/niskala. Regarding the LPD in the Gianyar sub-district, there are 40 LPD spread across the Gianyar sub-district. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of credit extended by LPD on profitability with non-performing loans as a moderating variable. This type of research is an empirical study of LPDs throughout the Gianyar District. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, namely sampling based on consideration, so the sample in this study was 165 samples obtained from 33 LPD populations throughout the Gianyar District with 5 years of observation, namely from 2017-2021 and data collection was carried out with documentation. The data analysis technique used is Partial Last Square (PLS) where the independent variables are credit extended by LPD, the dependent variable is profitability and the moderating variable is non-performing loans.

The Development of the Duality Model of Village Government Based on Local Wisdom Tri Hita Karana in Bali Province 1979 to 2019

The Decentralization and Regional Autonomy Policy issued by the Central Government and the Bali Regional Regulation on Pakraman/Indigenous Villages significantly affects the relationship between the two villages, which is currently a concern that leads to dualism and rivalry. In this regard, Balinese local wisdom, Tri Hita Karana, is urgently laying the foundation for harmonious relationship governance for the two village government systems. A descriptive approach is used in this study. The research was carried out in the Province of Bali. This study uses a purposive sampling technique to determine the research subjects. Collecting data using observation methods, document recording methods, and interview methods. The research was carried out using qualitative methods. The first stage consists of gathering primary and secondary data. The second step is to select a theory to study the data. The third stage is to analyze and interpret the selected data. The fourth stage involves writing and constructing research findings. The findings demonstrated the evolution of the duality model of village government from 1979 to 2019. The Duality Model of Village Government Period I. Overall, the Duality Model of Village Government Period I from 1979 to 1998 can be concluded, with the applicable regulations being Law No. 6 of 1986 concerning the Position, Function, and Role of Traditional Villages as Units of Customary Law Communities in Bali. Duality in Functional Relations and leading government administration between the Traditional Village and the Tri Hita Karana Local Wisdom-Based Service Village has been running well. Village Government Duality Model Period II. Overall, it can be concluded that the Village Government Duality Model Period II in the period 1999 to 2013 with the applicable Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2001 concerning Desa Pakraman and Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2003 concerning Amendments to the Regional Regulation of the Province of Bali No. 3 of 2001 concerning Pakraman Village are the regulations. Duality in Functional Relations and leading government administration between the Traditional Village and the Tri Hita Karana Local Wisdom-Based Service Village has been running well. Village Government Duality Model Period III. Overall, it can be concluded that the Village Government Duality Model Period III in the period 2014 to 2019 with the applicable Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government, Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages, and Regional Regulation No. 4 of 2019 on Traditional Villages in Bali are the regulations. Duality in Functional Relations and leading government administration between Traditional Villages and Tri Hita Karana Local Wisdom-Based Service Villages can still run well. The success of indigenous peoples in overcoming the intervention of various external forces is evident in Bali. The principle of duality, the basis of religious teachings, has succeeded in maintaining the coexistence of the Dinas village and the traditional village/ pekraman that live in harmony. It is recognized that it is in the Customary Village unit or Pekramansocial solidarity and social order can be enforced, two things that the Balinese people need to optimize the benefits of government and development that will be more prosperous.

Keberadaan Awig-Awig dalam Mengatasi Aksi Tindak Pidana Ringan di Desa Marga Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali

The existence of customary law itself is recognized in Indonesian positive law, namely in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 18 B paragraph (2). Customary law has its own uniqueness according to the custom in which the law lives, so it is not uncommon for there to be differences between customary law in one area and another. Several regions in Indonesia that have strong cultural characteristics still practice customary laws that have been enforced for a long time, such as Aceh which still uses Islamic law and Bali which also uses customary law guidelines to resolve problems that arise in society known as Awig-Awig. Awig-awig comes from the word "wig" which means damaged while "awig" means not damaged or good. So Awig-Awig is interpreted as something that becomes good. Like positive law, the awig-awig desa pakraman which guides the life of village krama certainly prohibits criminal acts and sanctions (pamidanda) are regulated in it. The rise of violence between youths is very troubling among the community members, as reported by the media where high school aged children were caught planning brawls which they called the "Sarong War". This action was successfully arrested by the police. This disturbing action is not only dangerous and requires special attention because it is related to the mentalistic development of the nation's generation, so it is very interesting to study, especially regarding the role of village awig-awig who are closest and directly touch the community.

Android-based Mail Management Information System in Desa Adat

Desa Adat is one of the traditional institutions in Bali. Based on a survey and interview in Desa Pakraman Sesetan gives proof that mail management and archiving are still done conventionally. This research’s purpose is to build a system that can increase mail management’s efficiency in Desa Adat. Android-based application allows its user to do mail management from anywhere and anytime with the phone-optimized user interface. System is developed using Flutter Framework on the front-end side and Laravel Framework on the back-end side. System testing is done by using the Blackbox Method and PSSUQ Method. System testing’s result using Blackbox Method gives the fact that the system’s functionality already runs well. System testing’s result using PSSUQ Method gives the fact that the system has been declared good.

Fungsi Ritual Barong Nguying di Desa Adat Bebalang Kecamatan Bangli Kabupaten Bangli

Barong Ngunying is one form of Barong dance from many forms and types of Barong dance. Besides Ngunying, Barong also usually begins with a sequence of religious rituals followed by Bapang Barong dance. After Bapang Barong dance is performed, it is assembled withPanglembar dance by taking the Barong Swari play. As the main performance of the event from Barong Ngunying is the meeting between Barong and Rangda which symbolizes the meeting of PurushaPradhana which gives rise to PancaMahaButha. The Panca Maha Butha comes from the sacred power of Barong and Rangda, and furtherget into the human body. This condition causesa Trance which be marked by dancing like a drunken person, namely srayang-sruyung or screaming hysterically, and do not use Balinese dance standards. By performing out the Barong Ngunying ritual, the people of Desa Pakraman Bebalang are protected from calamity and pest until now. This study discusses two problems, including: 1) What is the What is the function of the Barong Ngunying ritual? This research uses theory of religion. This research concludes that the function of the Barong Ngunying ritual is divided into social function, religious function, and aesthetic function.

Strategi Peningkatan Ketahanan Pangan pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 melalui Penguatan Kearifan Lokal Di Kabupaten Badung Bali

When the COVID-19 pandemic came to Bali, many people lost their jobs and had difficulty getting food. This article discusses strategy to increase food security in Badung Regency, Bali, during the COVID-19 pandemic through strengthening local wisdom. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The research results indicate the role of stakeholders in food security in Badung Regency before and after the COVID-19 pandemic to build synergy between large and small food producers, seek supporting regulations and work on capital assistance, as well as strategies to increase food security in Badung Regency through strengthening local wisdom by seeking expansion of agricultural land involving the customary villages (desa pakraman) and farmer organization (subak); socialization to the working society who caused COVID-19 to switch professions to the agricultural sector. This article contributes in providing input for formulating a strategy to increase food security in Badung Regency during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Role of Notaries in Binding Credit Guarantee Objects to Village Credit Institutions

The existence of a Notary in terms of making a credit agreement deed in this LPD, is of course very helpful for the indigenous people in Bali as the customer of the LPD to guarantee legal certainty for the guarantee given to the LPD until the credit provided can be repaid by the customer. If there is already a governance arrangement based on customary law that has legal certainty, then all forms of credit transactions in the LPD, including those related to the binding of credit guarantees, should follow the applicable mechanism as long as it does not conflict with applicable law in the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. For this reason, it is important to create a customary court to accommodate changes in LPD governance if they have been changed in accordance with customary law. Basically, lending by the LPD is given to anyone who has the ability to repay on condition that it is through a credit agreement between the LPD and krama desa pakraman. LPD lending follows generally accepted credit procedures with some adjustments that emphasize its existence as belonging to the village of Pakraman.

Analisis Pertumbuhan Dana Pihak Ketiga Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Likuiditas Pada Lpd Desa Banyuning Singaraja

The purpose of this study was to determine the growth of third party funds and their effect on liquidity in the LPD Desa Pakraman Banyuning. The population in this study was the monthly balance sheet financial statements at the LPD,while the sampling was carried out using the LPD data sample in the form of balance reports for the last 5 years 2016-2020 period. The results showed that the Growth of Third Party Funds on Liquidity by calculating the growth ratio and the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) ratio. The growth of third party funds has fluctuated on average around 1.39% each month and the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) from 2016 to 2020 has reached a fairly good value from the criteria for assessing bank soundness based on the established liquidity aspects.

Strategi Pembinaan Generasi Muda Hindu Dalam Meningkatkan Sradha dan Bhakti dikalangan Seka Teruna-Teruni

This study aims to improve the Sradha and devotion of the younger generation of Hindus as the next generation in order to become a young generation of virtuous character, and faith. As well as to describe the strategy of fostering the younger generation of Hindus with educational studies. Given that the younger generation of Hindus is currently experiencing a moral decline as a result of the influence of the waning of religious attitudes. This research is expected to be used as a contribution of thought in formulating policies and making decisions on similar problems faced in the future, besides that this research is also expected to be able to add scientific readings, as well as a reference for students who will conduct further research on the same problem. . This type of research is qualitative research. This research was conducted in Buleleng District by involving sekaa teruna- eruni as respondents. Data obtained through observation data, interviews, document recording, literature study. The results showed (1) The pattern and strategy of fostering the younger generation of Hindus in improving Sradha and devotional service among the sekaa teruna-teruni of the Buleleng Traditional Village (2) The obstacles faced in increasing Sradha and devotional service among the sekaa teruna-teruni in Desa Pakraman Buleleng were influenced by two factors, namely: (1) internal factors, including; (a) Individual sekaa teruna-teruni in the Buleleng Traditional Village, (b) individual sekaa administrator for teruna-teruni (3) Efforts are being made to overcome obstacles in fostering the younger generation of Hindus in improving Sradha and devotional service among sekaa teruna-teruni in Buleleng Traditional Village.

Tri Mandala in the Layout of Pakraman Penglipuran Bangli, Bali

Penglipuran Pakraman Village, located in the administrative village of Kubu, Bangli District, Bangli Regency, is one of the Pakraman villages in Bali Province. Penglipuran Pakraman Village maintains the traditions and traditional values of Balinese people in daily life based on Hindu teachings and also as a tourist village. The people of Penglipuran Pakraman Village carry out the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana in terms of their lives, one of which is applying the concept of Tri Mandala in the spatial layout of the village. This can be seen from the arrangement of houses, temples and other areas that produce a spatial layout that provides order, comfort and beauty. The purpose of this study is to determine the concept of Tri Mandala applied in Penglipuran village layout through literature study. Based on the literature study, the Tri Mandala concept is the concept of division of space and the value of the space area, the concept of traditional Balinese architecture, the concept of house layout, the concept of village layout, consisting of Nista Mandala, Madya Mandala and Utama Mandala. in the Nista Mandala area there is a village cemetery, Pura Dalem Pelapuhan, Pura Dalem Pingit, Bangli Regency hero's graveyard, sports field and agricultural area. In the Madya Mandala area there are Pakraman village settlements, banjar halls and sports fields, in the Main Mandala area there are Penataran Temples / Bale Agung Temples / Puseh Temples and bamboo forests.
 
 Keyword: Culture; Desa Pakraman; Penglipuran; Spatial planning; Tri Mandala

PENGARUH PENERAPAN AUDIT INTERNAL, WHISTLEBLOWING SYSTEM, DAN SURPRISE AUDIT TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN FRAUD PADA LEMBAGA PERKREDITAN DESA DI KECAMATAN BLAHBATUH

Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) is a financial institution owned by the Desa Pakraman in Bali. In maintaining and developing strategy and productivity, the LPD's operational activities will be guided and supervised. However, in recent years, there have been many cases of fraud in the LPDs caused by weak supervision from both internal and external parties. A positive work environment can be realized by implementing a whistleblowing program for employees to report violations of the code of conduct and maximizing the role of internal audit by conducting regular surprise audits. With a whistleblowing system, conducting regular internal audits and surprise audits within an institution, it is very important to monitor internal performance. This study uses data from Lembaga Perkreditan Desa in the Blahbatuh District. Determination of the sample in this study using simple random sampling method, with the number of observations of 120 research samples. The data analysis technique is multiple linear regression analysis, because it uses more than one independent variable. Based on the analysis, it is known that the whistleblowing system, internal audit, and surprise audit variables have a positive and significant effect on fraud prevention at Lembaga Perkreditan Desa in Blahbatuh District.

THE POSITION OF DAUGHTERS IN BALINESE CUSTOMARY INHERITANCE SYSTEM FROM GENDER EQUALITY PERSPECTIVE

The equality of men and women in the inheritance system is a concern in the development of Balinese customary law. Basically, Balinese indigenous people adhere to a patrilineal kinship system. As a consequence, the line is drawn from the father and the heirs are only boys, while girls can only enjoy the assets of their parents as long as they are not married. This condition certainly reduces women's access to economic rights. Whereas, the economic control is very important in life. In this research, two issues are discussed, namely the inheritance system according to Balinese customary law and the struggle for gender equality through the position of women as heirs. Decree of the Pesamuhan Agung Majelis Utama Desa Pakraman Bali Number 01 / KEP / PSM-3 / MDP Bali / X / 2010, dated October 15, 2010 provides opportunities for girls to become heirs with limited provisions. Even so, the position of women as heirs in Balinese customary law is still difficult to be implemented. This is due to a very strong patriarchal culture that places men in higher power relations.

PERANCANGAN BUKU ILUSTRASI DIGITAL TARI BARIS CINA SEBAGAI MEDIA EDUKASI UNTUK REMAJA DI KOTA DENPASAR

Denpasar City is an urban area that is synonymous with pluralism. This is inseparable from the past history of Denpasar City, one of the acculturation of Balinese and Chinese culture, which is a form of non-physical culture, namely the Baris Cina dance which is still preserved by the Desa Pakraman Adat Renon and is included as one of the ten Balinese dances listed in UNESCO last year 2018. In correlation to cultural preservation to increase public knowledge, especially teenagers in Denpasar City, the form that can be used is a digital illustration book. The purpose of research is to find out how the design process behind the Baris Cina Dance digital illustration book. This research method uses qualitative analysis, with an approach through observation, interviews, documentation and review of relevant literature. Results and discussion: The illustration book media for the introduction of Baris Cina Dance will be designed with a size of 28cm x 21cm for print and digital formats packaged in e-book and PDF formats with 300 dpi quality. The type of illustration book that is designed belongs to Picture Books for Olders Readers. Conclusions and suggestions: that the author will design an illustration book, where the illustration book is a book that contains information in the form of text and images so that readers can more easily understand the information presented in detail. As well as getting an overview of the narrative stories presented by the author to build imagination and understanding for the younger generation.
 Key words : Illustration books, Denpasar Cultural, Education

Pertanggungjawaban Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) Desa Adat Ungasan Atas Ketidakmampuannya dalam Memenuhi Hak Nasabah Pemegang Simpanan

LPD is an economic institution belonging to the Traditional Village. LPD is formed, managed by Desa Pakraman, and serves financial transactions only within the internal environment of Desa Pakraman. LPD administrators are elected, stipulated, legalized, and dismissed by means of the village paruman. From all levels the LPD management comes from indigenous peoples and cannot avoid problems that arise in the institution, thus, this research focuses on to manage loans (credit) to customers so as to avoid bad credit at the Village Credit Institution (LPD) Adat Ungasan and to examine the responsibility of the Ungasan Traditional Village Credit Institution (LPD) in fulfilling the rights of customers who hold deposits. The research method used in this research is empirical research method. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are four parts to the procedure for giving credit to the LPD, namely: The Credit Section, the Head of the LPD, the Cashier Section and the Bookkeeping Section. Furthermore, all losses of the Ungasan Traditional Village LPD shall be borne by the Traditional Village, in the event that the Traditional Village is able to back up the losses of the Ungasan Customary LPD, provided that the old Ungasan LPD administrators cover all losses to the Traditional Village because the Traditional Village is a communal customary organization or promoting togetherness

Wanprestasi dalam Perjanjian Kredit pada Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) di Desa Bebetin Kecamatan Sawan Kabupaten Buleleng

Agreement is the most important source that gives birth to the engagement. One form of engagement in the sources of the agreement is the extension of credit from the bank. This research uses empirical legal research type, data collection techniques in this study using field research. The procedure for granting credit consists of several stages, namely the credit application stage, the location survey stage for prospective debtors, the analysis stage, the decision-making stage, and the credit disbursement stage. The results of the analysis found that the factors that cause default are internal factors and external factors. Internal factors are caused by debtors who are not credible and also unstable economic factors in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic which caused debtors to be unable to pay arrears in the LPD. External factors from the LPD take a persuasive approach to further handling problematic debtors. The purpose of this study is the procedure for granting credit and binding credit agreements carried out in the LPD Desa Pakraman Bebetin, Sawan District, Buleleng Regency, how are the factors that cause default in LPD Desa Pakraman Bebetin, District of Sawan, District of Buleleng.

Analisis Pertumbuhan Dana Pihak Ketiga Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Likuiditas

The purpose of this study was to determine the growth of third party funds and their effect on liquidity in the LPD Desa Pakraman Gerokgak. The population in this study was the monthly balance sheet financial statements at the LPD,while the sampling was carried out using the LPD data sample in the form of balance reports for the last 5 years 2016-2020 period. The results showed that the Growth of Third Party Funds on Liquidity by calculating the growth ratio and the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) ratio. The growth of third party funds has fluctuated on average around 1.39% each month and the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) from 2014 to 2018 has reached a fairly good value from the criteria for assessing bank soundness based on the established liquidity aspects.

DESA PAKRAMAN SEBAGAI LEMBAGA ADAT DAN LEMBAGA AGAMA BAGI KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT HINDU DI BALI

Desa Pakraman as a customary law community unit in Bali which has a unity of tradition and social life manners of the Hindu community has descended descendantly in the "Kahyangan Tiga" or "Kayangan Desa" that has a certain area and its own assets and has the right to manage its own household, of course, has a role which is very strategic in maintaining the customs and culture of Bali. We must support the large role carried by Desa Pakraman in various forms of reinforcement. Strengthening the existence of Desa Pakraman is not only from its institutions but also from various supporting fields. Given the enormous role of Desa Pakraman in the successful development of Balinese society. Desa Pakraman as the bearer of the main task in preserving Hindu cultural and religious values ​​in Bali needs to be maintained and fostered in line with developments in technology and the current modernization. In addition, Desa Pakraman also has the right to manage its own household. This means that the Desa Pakraman has full autonomy in carrying out the parhyangan, pawongan and palemahan based on awig-awig Desa Pakraman village and is technically operationally regulated by perarem.

Hubungan Fungsional Desa Pakraman dengan Desa Dinas dalam Pelaksanaan Pembangunan di Desa Pererenan Menurut UU No. 6 Tahun 2014

Indonesian Constitution No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages stipulates that a village refers to official village and traditional villages, but hereinafter referred to as village. This implies that there is a village government organizer. If this provision is applied in Bali, however, it will trigger an indication of the blurring of norms since in Bali there are two types of villages, namely Desa Pakraman (customary village) and official village, and the same is true in Desa Pererenan. The official village carries out the function of administering government administration and the Desa Pakraman (customary village) carries out the function of administering customary and religious affairs. The dualism of governance in villages in Bali, including in Pererenan Village, in the implementation of village development, can cause problems, because each village has autonomous rights in carrying out government functions. Therefore, this study highlights two things, namely how the development is planned in Desa Pererenan and the functional relationship between the Desa Pakraman and the official village in the implementation of development. The method used to examine these two issues is the normative research method, which involves qualitatively analyzed documents, both official and in the form of notes, laws and regulations and related government regulations. The research conclusions are drawn deductively. Based on the results of data analysis, it can is revealed that the development planning process (physical and non-physical) in Desa Pererenan refers to the Badung Regency development planning pattern, such as the National Plan of Development Plan (PPNSB), which adopts the philosophy of life and local wisdom of the Balinese people. Village development planning involves the Village Consultative Body (BPD) and the community in a participatory manner, is compiled in a periodic manner, and includes the Village Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJM) for a period of 6 (six) years and the Village Government Work Plan (RKP) for a period of 1 ( one year). The relationship between the desa pakraman and the official village in Pererenan Village is functional, namely consultative and coordinative, which is the working relationship between the prajuru desa pakraman (head of desa pakraman) and the official or perbekel village head. The duties and authorities of the two villages have differences but are still interrelated with one another.

Analisis Tingkat Kesehatan Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (Lpd) Desa Pakraman Gegelang Kecamatan Manggis Kabupaten Karangasem

The Village Credit Institutions (LPD) is one of the financial institutions that are included in the category of non-bank financial institutions in every Pakraman village in the province of Bali. The purpose of this Researcher is to find out whether the Village Institute of Pakraman Gegelang, Manggis District, Karangasem Regency can achieve a healthy predicate or not by using guidelines or references in the Provincial Regulation of Bali Province No.4 of 2012 concerning the second amendment to the Provincial Regulation of Bali Province No.8 years 2002. This study uses descriptive methods because it tries to solve existing problems, data collection techniques used are observation, documentation, and interviews. The documentation method used in this study uses books, regulations, and other documents such as: Financial Reports and the Work Plan of the Pakraman Gegelang Village Credit Institution. The data analysis technique used is the analysis of financial ratios according to1n the Bali Provincial Regulation No.4 Year 2012. Based on the results of the analysis, the results of the study can be concluded that referring to the Bali Provincial Regulation No.4 of 2012. Regarding the Health Assessment Guidelines for Village Credit Institutions (LPD), the level of health at the Credit Institute in the Pakraman Gegelang Village can be rated "Healthy" with a score of 98, 6. Based on the results of the study, the advice can be given to the administrators of the Village Credit Institutions (LPD) Desa Pakraman Gegelang, is the LPD optimally manage productive assets and allocate productive assets to activities or businesses that can increase profits or SHU, for example at banks and other LPDs . LPDs must also be able to see the market opportunities that exist in lending, not only in one sector. In addition, it is necessary to schedule debt payments to other parties accompanied by available funds. In this way it is expected to prevent liquidity.