Dermatological Affections Research Articles

Retracted: The Commitment of Nineveh Governorate Residents to the Precautionary Measures against Global 2019 Pandemic and Dermatological Affection of Precautions

Retracted: The Commitment of Nineveh Governorate Residents to the Precautionary Measures against Global 2019 Pandemic and Dermatological Affection of Precautions

Hyperostosis of the Clavicle as a Cardinal Symptom for Sapho Syndrome – Presentation and Discussion of a Clinical Case

AbstractSAPHO syndrome comprises a broad clinical spectrum and is based on inflammatory osteitis with or without association to a dermatological affection. A young man with chronic recurrent osteomyelitis (CRMO) of the right clavicle as a cardinal symptom of SAPHO syndrome is reported on. Whole-body MRI has proven effective for focal detection and assessment of local activity of a possible multifocal manifestation of CRMO. Multiple medication with NSAIDs, a bisphosphonate, vitamin D substitution and antibiosis resulted in extensive remission of symptoms. Biologicals can also be used if there is no effect. The terminology of chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) in connection with the SAPHO syndrome is discussed.

Formulation and Control of a Topical Emulsion, Containing Algerian Vitis vinifera.L Leaves Extract

Topical emulsions find their applications in wrinkle reduction (skin aging), acne treatment and, sebum secretions regulation. For various dermatological affections, many topical formulations like sunscreens and anti-aging creams are prepared using plant-based ingredients
 The objective of this study was to formulate an emulsion containing Vitis vinifera. L leaves extract, and to evaluate its stability and antioxidant activity in vitro.A spectrophotometric assay of the main phenolic groups for 10 Vitis vinifera. L leave samples was performed.O/W emulsions were prepared using a nonionic surfactant polysorbate 80.1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay was performed to evaluate plant extracts and emulsions antioxidant activity. 
 The Physical stability of the emulsions stored at 25 ºC and 40 ºC for 60 days was assessed based on various physico-chemical characteristics including color, creaming, liquefaction, centrifugation pH, and electrical conductivity.
 The emulsions showed good physical properties and pharmaceutical stability. The polyphenol-rich-plant-derived extract and the emulsion showed good antioxidant activities. 
 this research allowed the development of an emulsion based on Vitis vinifera. L extract, which can be proposed for topical use. However, in vivo studies are recommended to confirm the antioxidant action of this cream.

The Commitment of Nineveh Governorate Residents to the Precautionary Measures against Global 2019 Pandemic and Dermatological Affection of Precautions.

The world has changed dramatically since the novel pandemic pours in all aspects of life, including economic, health, and social life. The first case was initially observed in the Wuhan province of China; fast spread occurs around the world. Until now, there is no proven effective treatment for it. The study's objectives are to assess residents of Nineveh governorate's commitment to the COVID-19 pandemic precautionary measures recommended by the WHO and Iraqi national authorities; the protective measures are used to prevent its spread and restrict the viral infectivity. Several cutaneous changes were observed in some persons as a result of prolonged contact with personal protective equipment and excessive use of personal hygiene measures.

Cross-Sectional Study on Dermatological Affections of Companion Animals Caused by Dermatophytes and other Keratinophilic Fungi in Greater Cairo Area, Egypt

Cross-Sectional Study on Dermatological Affections of Companion Animals Caused by Dermatophytes and other Keratinophilic Fungi in Greater Cairo Area, Egypt

Ultrasonographic Enthesis Evaluation in Patients with Recurrent Acute Anterior Uveitis with and without Spondyloarthropathy

Background: spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a group of chronic diseases recognized by arthritis and extraarticular lesions e.g. uveitis, enthesitis, dermatological affection. About 35% of SpA patients may present with recurrent attacks of acute anterior uveitis (AAU). Purpose: it was to detect whether patients with idiopathic recurrent AAU who were positive or negative for Human Leukocyte Antigen B27 (HLA–B27) had a frequency of enthesis lesions compared to that seen in patients with SpA. Patients and Methods: a prospective study of enthesis evident on musculoskeletal ultrasound examination was done on sixty patients and twenty controls, the eighty were categorized into 4 groups; group 1 included 20 patients with known SpA group 2 included 20 with recurrent AAU HLA–B27 positive and didn’t have SpA aspects group 3 included 20 with recurrent AAU HLA–B27 negative and didn’t have SpA and group 4 included 20 healthy controls. Using Madrid Sonography Enthesitis Index (MASEI) twelve enthesis locations were assessed in each participant. Results: a total of 960 entheses sites were examined by ultrasonography in all 80 participants. The MASEI cut-off limit of ≥18 points was 75%, 60%, 45%, and 10% of the participants in the 4 groups; respectively. The MASEI score was significantly higher in groups 1&2 than in groups 3&4. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant. Conclusion: a high percent of HLA–B27 positive patients with idiopathic recurrent AAU without characteristics of SpA have enthesis lesions with about percent to those seen in patients with known SpA.

Ethnomedicinal plants used for the treatment of dermatological affections on the Purépecha Plateau, Michoacán, Mexico

Background and Aims: Inhabitants of the Purépecha Plateau preserve an excellent ancestral knowledge on medicinal plants used for dermatological affections, which has not been documented. An ethnopharmacological survey was carried out in this region to gather information on the use of medicinal plants and herbal preparations for treating dermatological affections, to disseminate the Purépecha indigenous knowledge and identifying promising plants for developing new formulations for cutaneous conditions.Methods: The study was conducted in the 21 municipalities that compose the Purépecha Plateau. A total of 86 local inhabitants (62 women and 24 men) were interviewed. The data were quantitatively analyzed through the determination of the use value, fidelity level and informant consensus factor.Key results: A total of 97 plant species belonging to 47 families were documented for treating 19 dermatological conditions on the Purépecha Plateau. Asteraceae was the leading family among the collected medicinal plants (20.61%), followed by Lamiaceae (13.40%) and Solanaceae (5.15%). The largest number of plants was used for the treatment of cuts (40.20%), skin inflammation (37.11%) and rash (37.11%). The aerial parts were the most commonly used (34.75%). The medicinal plant species with larger use values were Heterotheca inuloides (0.53), Aloe vera (0.37) and Oenothera rosea (0.21). The comparison of results with ethnomedicinal literature worldwide revealed that 8.25% of plants used on the Purépecha Plateau were recorded for the first time for the treatment of dermatological affections.Conclusions: This study provides new information on medicinal plants used on the Purépecha Plateau to treat cutaneous diseases. Future pharmacological and toxicological investigations are required to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of these species for treating dermatological affections.

Single TCR-Vβ2 evaluation discloses the circulating T cell clone in Sezary syndrome: one family fits all!

Sézary Syndrome (SS/L-CTCL) is a rare but aggressive variant of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), characterized by erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, and the presence of a circulating memory CD4(+) T cell malignant clone with a skin homing behavior, lacking CD26 and CD49d and over-expressing CD60. The availability of a panel of monoclonal antibodies recognizing distinct TCR-Vβ families, allows to typify the clone by flow cytometry in about 70 % of cases. The TCR-Vβ repertoire of 533 individuals, comprising 308 patients affected by CTCL, 50 healthy donors, and subjects affected by various non-neoplastic dermatological affections was evaluated by flow cytometry. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical software package for Microsoft Windows (SPSS, version 21, Chicago, IL). TCR-Vβ2 levels below 5.4 % or above 39.5 %, within total CD4(+) T cells, showed the best balance between sensitivity (98.1 %) and specificity (96 %) to identify the presence of a clone in the peripheral blood of patients affected by SS. Based on this observation, a "two-step" procedure in the detection of the malignant T cell clone in CTCLs is herein suggested. TCR-Vβ2 assessment in all cases (first step). In the case of TCR-Vβ2 levels above 39.5 %, the presence of a clonal expansion of this family is suggested, deserving further confirmation by means of T cell gene rearrangement evaluation. In patients having a TCR-Vβ2 reactivity below 5.4 % (second step), the entire TCR-Vβ repertoire should be evaluated to typify the expanded clone. In conclusion, the single TCR-Vβ2 expression check, instead of the entire repertoire assessment, represents an easy and cost-effective method for the recognition of CTCL aggressive leukemic variant.

Medicinal plants used for dermatological affections in Navarra and their pharmacological validation

Aim of the studyThis paper provides significant ethnopharmacological information on plant used in dermatological affections in Navarra. Material and methodsInformation was collected using semi-structured ethnobotanical interviews with 667 informants (mean age 72; 55.47% women, 44.53% men) in 265 locations. In order to confirm the pharmacological validation of the uses reports, the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy (ESCOP), German Commission E, World Health Organization (WHO), European Medicines Agency (EMA), European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) and Real Farmacopea Española (RFE) monographs have been revised. A literature review has been carried out with the plants without monograph and high frequency citations, using a new tool of the University of Navarra, UNIKA. ResultsA total of 982 pharmaceutical uses are reported from the informants, belonging to 91 plants and 42 families, mainly represented by Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Crassulaceae. The most frequently used parts of the plants are aerial parts followed by leaves and inflorescences. Seventeen out of 91 plants (19%) and 148 of 982 popular uses (15%), have already been pharmacologically validated. ConclusionsThe authors propose seven species for their validation (Allium cepa, Sambucus nigra, Hylotelephium maximum, Chelidonium majus, Ficus carica, Allium sativum and Anagallis arvensis).

Cutaneous ichthyosis secondary to isoniazid

IntroductionIchthyosis is a rare dermatological affection characterized by keratinization disorder. The occurrence of acquired ichthyosis in adults is an indicator of systemic disease. Ichthyosis can also reveal infectious diseases, or complicate medication. We report a case of ichthyosis secondary to isoniazid. CaseA man aged 75years was treated for pleural tuberculosis. At the 3rd month of treatment, he develops cutaneous ichthyosis which regressed after discontinuation of antituberculous treatment. The reintroduction of isoniazid did reappear cutaneous ichthyosis. The dosage adjustment allows the improvement of lesions. DiscussionIsoniazid may be a cause of cutaneous ichthyosis. Tuberculosis can promote it.

Anetoderma secondary to borderline leprosy

OBJETIVO: Relatar un caso de anetodermia secundaria en un paciente con hanseniasis dimorfa y, consecuentemente, llamar la atencion sobre asociacion no comun entre anetodermia y hanseniasis. RELATO DE CASO: un hombre pardo, de 21 anos de edad, fue encaminado al Ambulatorio de Dermatologia de la Universidad del Estado de Para, en la ciudad de Belem, Estado de Para, Brasil, con un diagnostico de hanseniasis dimorfa desde los 10 anos de edad. Despues de algunos anos, el paciente desarrollo cicatrices de superficie apergaminada con diagnostico compatible con lesiones decurrentes de anetodermia secundaria a la hanseniasis. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES: una afeccion dermatologica, aunque rara, puede ser asociada a enfermedades sistemicas comunes, como la hanseniasis, enfatizandose el hallazgo de dichas afecciones. La investigacion y la exclusion de la misma se hacen necesarias cuando confrontadas con tales circunstancias

Topical Applications of Ozone and Ozonated Oils as Anti-Infective Agents: An Insight into the Patent Claims

Orthodox medicine has been very active in the field of topical anti-infective agents and current chemotherapy has procured valid antibiotics, antivirals, vaccines, antibodies, and antiparasitic drugs to be parenterally and/or topically used. However, these drugs may cause side effects and sometimes provide unsatisfactory results because pathogens become drug-resistant. Another drawback is represented by their cost, which compromise their use or their availability in poor Countries. Therefore, there is a critical need for new strategies to treat dermatological affections. The old intuition for using ozone in the treatment of necrotic wounds, especially if due to anaerobic bacteria, is now justified by the studies about reactive oxygen species generation by granulocytes and macrophages as the first line of defense during an infection. As a consequence, the disinfectant value of ozone has been increasingly appreciated during the last fifteen years. This review summarizes the patents filed and issued, with particular emphasis to the more recent patents, about the anti-infective topical use of ozone: i) in the gaseous form; ii) after gaseous ozone saturation of aqueous, not-oily pharmaceutical vehicles and solvents; iii) where gaseous ozone chemically reacts with unsaturated substrates leading to therapeutically active ozonated derivatives. We hope that recent advances and a better understanding of the ozone chemistry and biology will be able to create the mental attitude to prove the validity of large-scale therapeutic use of both ozone and ozone derivatives as topical anti-infective agents by performing multicenter, randomized clinical studies, as aptly requested by orthodox medicine.

Molecular identification of Malassezia species isolated from dermatitis affections

The lipophilic yeast of the genus Malassezia are opportunistic microorganisms of the skin microflora but they can be agents of various dermatomycoses. The aim of this study was to perform molecular identification of the commonly isolated Malassezia species from various dermatomycoses in our region. Thirty strains of Malassezia were isolated from different dermatologic affections: pityriasis versicolor (17), dandruff (5), seborrheic dermatitis (4), onyxis (2), folliculitis (1) and blepharitis (1). These species were identified by their morphological features and biochemical characterisation. The molecular identification was achieved by amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region by simple PCR. PCR technique was used for molecular characterisation of four Malassezia species: Malassezia globosa (270 bp), Malassezia furfur (230 bp), Malassezia sympodialis (190 bp) and Malassezia restricta (320 bp). We have detected the association between M. furfur and M. sympodialis in 16% and confirmed presumptive identification in 70% of the cases. The phenotypic identification based on microscopic and physiological method is difficult and time consuming. The application of a simple PCR method provides a sensitive and rapid identification system for Malassezia species, which may be applied in epidemiological surveys and routine practice.

Les anti-H1 en pratique dermatologique

Histamine is an inflammation mediator that is fundamental for the development of some allergic reactions and is also implied in several common dermatological affections. Anti-H1s are molecules capable of couteracting the effect of histamine on its specific receptors. There are two types: first generation anti-H1 and second generation anti-H1. To assess the efficacy of anti-H1 in the treatment of skin diseases. A reference search was made using the Pubmed data bank. Critical analysis was made of the articles selected based on their evidence. Demonstration of the efficacy of anti-H1 was only confirmed in a few dermatitis. Urticaria is the indication of choice. The symptomatic use of anti-H1 may be justified within the context of other dermatitis. The second rather than the first generation molecules should be preferred because of the lesser side effects and improved pharmacokinetic profile.

Les passages non justifiés au service d’accueil urgences: Proposition d’une offre de soins différenciée

The number of visits to emergency units in public hospital settings in France increases every year. The adequation between admission to an SAU--Service d'accueil d'urgence (emergency unit) and the clinical status of the patient must be checked to improve handling upstream of the SAU. A prospective study was conducted in the SAU of the University Hospital in Nantes to assess the proportion of patients who would benefit from direct hospitalisation, scheduled in a department of specialised or polyvalent medicine. This proportion was of 10%. Seventy-three percent of the patients were aged over 60. They were referred in 77% of cases by their treating physician and in 10.4% of cases by the physician on duty. Thirty-three percent of cases were non-specified organ diseases, 20% were dermatological affections, 12% broncho-pulmonary infections and in the same proportion rheumatological pathologies; other affections were rare. The results of this study must be confirmed in a pilot study in which the general practitioner would refer any patient, that he would have sent to an SAU, directly to a medical department without passing through the SAU. To do so, using a cell phone, the practitioner would contact the hospital physician who would find a hospital bed. The impact of this new modality of hospitalisation on the SAU could be assessed in terms of the number of admissions avoided to the SAU.

PUVAthérapie et cancers cutanés: Etude rétrospective chez 106 malades ayant reçu des doses élevées de PUVA

The benefits of PUVAtherapy in many dermatological affections are well known. Its carcinogenic role in the long term has been assessed varyingly in American and European series. The aim of this study was to assess the role of PUVA in the onset of cancers of the skin. Retrospective study of patients presenting with psoriasis and followed-up in the phototherapy unit of the Michallon Hospital in Grenoble since 1976 and having received more than 150 sessions of PUVA. The parameters studied were: age, gender, phototype, age at the time of the first irradiation, type of phototherapy administered, total number of sessions, concomitant treatments, administration of retinoids and the appearance of skin cancers with the interval before their onset after the first session, their localization and their histological type. One hundred six patients were retained among the 152 who replied to the inclusion criteria. Having died or been lost to follow-up, forty-six patients were excluded. Fourteen patients had presented at least one cutaneous tumor with a total number of 35. Excluding the keratoacanthomas, 13 patients had a non-melanic cutaneous cancer with a total number of 32 tumors. Ten out of the 14 were phototype III, 3 were phototype II and one was phototype IV. Nine out of 14 had received PUVAtherapy alone and 5 PUVAtherapy and broad spectrum UVB. The number of sessions of PUVA received in all the cases was more than 200 (220 to 780), corresponding to a total dose of UVA comprised between 1460 and 3882 Joules. The delay before onset of the tumors varied from 6 to 27 years after the first PUVAtherapy. The mean age at the time of the first irradiation was of 50.2 years (14-75 years). The mean duration of phototherapy was of 10 years (2.23 years).

Mineral waters: Instead of soap or better than soap?

Cleansers have differing and definite roles in normal skin cleansing and in skin cleansing in patients with dermatologic affections, such as acne, eczema, and psoriasis. Soaps are manufactured from fatty acids and alkalis and are available in bars or lotions1 Soaps may be used for routine cleansing and must be as gentle as possible. They may also be used as therapeutic devices and for this purpose may be be medicated with substances such as chlorhexidine, povidone iodine, and sulfur. Soaps are to a greater or lesser degree irritate. For this reason, subjects with sensitive skin or with different dermatites may be advised to avoid the use of soaps and to propose alternative ways of cleansing. Mineral waters may be the right choice in these cases because they may have both cleansing and therapeutic actions, sometimes without any evident irritant effects.

Dermatoses entre os Xavánte da área indígena Pimentel Barbosa, Mato Grosso (Brasil)

The authors present the results of a dermatological survey conducted among the Xavánte Indians from the Pimentel Barbosa Reservation, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil Scabies, pediculosis, and pioderma were the most frequent diseases, clearly related to poor hygiene. The finding of perleche indicates the presence of nutritional deficiency. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) was the most serious dermatological affection found in this population.

Megasphaera elsdenii — über ihr vorkommen in 2255 stuhlproben von menschen, schimpansen und mäusen

In human gnotobiotic studies the number of cfu/g feces expresses the interspecies-specific relations within this biotop. In our study we tried to culture the resident anaerobe microflora diluting 1 g feces to 10 −6–10 −9, and using the cystein-blood-agar ( Beerens mod. Werner) together with the dextrose-water-blue agar. M. elsdenii appear as big, smooth and yellow colonies, which may be recognised at “first sight” diagnosis. In a retrospective study of 2255 fecal samples we compared the isolation-rate of M. elsdenii in the range of ≧ 10 7/g feces from healthy people to that of persons with gastrointestinal troubles. M. elsdenii has not been isolated from fecal samples of healthy people but in 12% from those of adults and 7.4% from children, both suffering from gastrointestinal disorders. So we consider that M. elsdenii in the range of ≧ 10 7/g feces does not belong to the resident anaerobe flora of the intestine. Further studies have to establish wether its normal range may be 10 3–10 4/g feces like that of C. perfringens. Comparing the isolation-rate from patients with colon-carcinoma to that of patients with dermatological affections, we found a relation of 8% to 20%. The biochemical activities of our isolates were according to the Anaerobe Laboratory Manual. Additional tests e.g. API-Zym and others make us assume an activity inner the metabolism of fatty-acids and amino acids e. g. inner the aspartat and pyruvat-family.

A Note on Psoriatic Skin

Biopsy specimens were obtained from 14 patients in the acute, chronic or healing stages of the disease. In each case skin samples were taken from plaques as well as from unaffected zones (clinically normal). These were investigated mainly by a histological technic which gives an undistorted picture of all axis cylinders, even the finest, with their accompanying Schwann cells against a background of the other tissues in the skin. Additional information was obtained from sections treated with Periodic Acid-Schiff reagent and counterstained with Luxol fast-blue. The results of these investigations were compared with those from similarly treated biopsy material taken from persons free from dermatological affections, past or present.