Depression In Pregnant Adolescents Research Articles

Prevalence and risk factors associated with depression in pregnant adolescents in Nairobi, Kenya.

Adolescent parenthood can be associated with a range of adverse outcomes for young mothers such as depression, substance abuse, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Identification of depression and understanding risk factors among pregnant adolescents is important for development of appropriate interventions and programs focused on adolescent mental health. This paper reports on the findings of the prevalence of depression and its associated risk factors among pregnant adolescents in Nairobi, Kenya. We recruited 153 pregnant adolescent (14-18 years) who were accessing maternal health services in one of two Nairobi County primary health care facilities in the cross-sectional survey conducted in 2021. The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 was used to screen for depression. Multivariate Stepwise linear regression modelling was used to identify key predictors of depression. Using a cut off of 10 and above on PHQ-9, we found that 43.1% of the respondents were depressed. Depressive symptoms in were independently associated with being in school, experience of intimate partner violence, substance use within the family and having experienced pressure to use substances by family or peers. Cross-sectional by design and the applications of our findings are limited to settings that are similar to our study population. The PHQ-9 used has not been psychometrically validated locally in this sample. We found a high prevalence of depressive symptoms among respondents. These risk factors identified merit further investigation. Comprehensive mental health screening needs to be integrated in primary and community health services on the possible presence of depression.

Prenatal attachment, anxiety and depression in pregnant adolescents and the emotional availability of their parents

Objective: Adolescent pregnancy is a common sociological problem in undeveloped and developing countries. An adolescent is not able to reach neither physical nor psychosocial maturity regarding marriage, founding a family and having a child. For this reason, not only girls but also their children born are exposed to many negative consequ-ences as a result of adolescent pregnancies. This study aimed to investigate the prenatal attachment and the anxiety/depression levels of pregnant adolescents. We also examined the emotional availability of their parents. Methods: Fifty-five pregnant adolescents and 61 non-pregnant adolescents were included. Prenatal Attachment Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Lum Emotional Availability of Parents were filled out by the participants. Results: The education of pregnant adolescents ends earlier than control group. The mothers' age of marriage and age of having the first child in the case group were lower (p

Anxiety and depression in pregnancy: a comparative study between early and late adolescents

Objective: To study anxiety and depression in pregnant adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to evaluate the level of anxiety and depression among patients. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), which aims to measure the presence and severity of depression was also applied. 87 pregnant adolescents attended at a prenatal outpatient clinic of a public hospital participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: precocious adolescents (12 to 14 years of age) and late adolescents (15 to 19 years of age). The difference between the means was analyzed using the Student’s t test. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: In relation to depression, the mean BDI score among the 23 precocious adolescents was 24.5, whereas among the 64 late adolescents, the same score presented a mean of 15.7 (p<0.001). According to the HADS, the precocious pregnant adolescents obtained an average of 8.9 (possible depression), whereas the late pregnant adolescents presented an average of 6.9 (unlikely depression) (p=0.008). Conclusions: Depression was more intense among precocious adolescents than among late adolescents. There was no significant difference in the intensity of anxiety, assessed by the HADS, between precocious and late adolescents.

Feasibility of treating depression in pregnant adolescents using brief interpersonal psychotherapy

ABSTRACTThe current study examines a pilot study testing the feasibility of treating antenatal depression in public health clinics serving low-income adolescents using adapted brief interpersonal psychotherapy for depression in pregnant adolescents (IPT-BPA). This research addresses the disproportionate incidence of antenatal depression and its associated negative outcomes, including postpartum depression, among low-income adolescent mothers. Participants (N = 14) were recruited from two county-based public prenatal care clinics. Eligible participants were pregnant adolescents with major depression. Participants received nine sessions of IPT-BPA. Depressive symptoms were measured pre-and post-treatment. Differences were examined using paired t-tests. Most (81%) referred adolescents completed screening, and 73% met eligibility criteria. Of 16 eligible adolescents, 14 (87.5%) consented to participation, and 13 (93%) completed IPT-BPA. Participants who completed IPT-BPA experienced significant decreases in depression. The successful recruitment and retention of pregnant, depressed adolescents combined with significant, positive post-treatment changes in depression support the feasibility of treating adolescent perinatal depression in public health clinics using IPT-BPA.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF DEPRESSION ON PREGNANCY AND DELIVERY IN ADOLESCENCE

Objective . Depression is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. Depressive disorders experienced about 12.7% of pregnant women and 46% of these cases is observed in pregnant adolescents. Material and methods . This was a prospective, descriptive, selective cohort study included 168 (64.4%) pregnant women aged 13-25 years that have passed a psychological survey in the third trimester of pregnancy and gave birth in the hospital IMCC, in the period from 01.01.2013 to 31.12. 2014. Results . It was found high rates of depression in pregnant adolescents (OR = 2,42 (1,43 <OR <4,09), p <0.001), compared with older women of reproductive age, and that is conditioned by family history, lack of support from family or socioeconomic status, stressful conditions (trauma, violence, loss, divorce) (p <0.01). Also, significantly more often at pregnant teenagers on a background of depressive disorders occur complications of pregnancy and childbirth such as vomiting of pregnancy (OR = 3,9 (1,24 <OR <12.03), p <0.01), preeclampsia OR = 3,4 ( 0,9 <OR <12,8), (p <0.05), IUGR fetus (OR = 2,43 (0,96 <OR <6,12), p <0,05). Conclusions . The result of this study generally confirm the literature data on the greater frequency of complications of pregnancy and childbirth in adolescents then in women of average reprodactive age, due to family history, lack of support from family or society, stressful condition (trauma, violence, loss, divorce). Adolescent with depression during pregnancy are at increased risk of preeclampsia, IUGR fetus. An important implication of these findings is that antenatal depression should be identified through screening programs for depression during pregnancy and to provide practical assistance to pregnant adolescent, especially with a history of depression disorders.

167. Inflammation and depression in pregnant adolescents with asthma

The risk of developing depression is doubled for adolescents with asthma (Katon, 2006). Little is known about the magnitude of this risk during pregnancy, a period during which depression is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality (Mathers and Longcar, 2006). It also is not well understood why depressive asthma and depression frequently co-occur, though converging evidence indicates that inflammation may play a role in both (Ngoc, 2005; Schiepers, 2005). Specifically, elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) have been associated with depression (Wium-Andersen, 2013), and also used as a marker of inflammation in asthma (Takemura, 2006). In this study, we explore whether asthma is associated with depression risk during pregnancy, and if inflammation, as assessed by CRP, mediates this association. Pregnant adolescents ( n = 183) self-reported asthma status, completed the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale, and provided plasma samples for CRP assays. Results from a series of logistic regressions suggest that having asthma is associated with a nearly 4–fold increased risk for meeting criteria for depression (OR = 3.55, p = 0.006, 95%CI = [1.43, 8.84]), even after controlling for pre-pregnancy BMI, reported recent yeast and urinary tract infections, and asthma medication use. CRP did not mediate this association, perhaps due to the altered immune functioning of pregnancy. Future studies can enhance this research by considering a broader range of inflammatory biomarkers.

Risk factors for depressive symptoms in adolescent pregnancy in a late-teen subsample

Depression in adolescent pregnancy is common but underrecognized and can be associated with negative medical outcomes. This brief report examines the relationship between depressive symptoms and various demographic and obstetrical risk factors, as well as the use of antidepressants in pregnant adolescents of late teenage years. Data were derived from a relatively large sample (506 women) recruited from university-based and community mental health centers in Iowa. A cross-sectional analysis did not reveal significant statistical associations between the risk factors and depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory). Antidepressant use was very low (3.7%), and adolescents with higher depression scores were more likely to take medications. In conclusion, screening for depression in pregnant adolescents should be universal, regardless of demographic and obstetrical risk factors, and promptly addressed.

Depresión y factores asociados en mujeres adolescentes embarazadas y no embarazadas en Medellín (Colombia) 2009. Estudio de corte transversal

Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de trastorno depresivo en dos grupos poblacionales de mujeres adolescentes, definir su perfil epidemiológico y su asociación con embarazo.Metodología: el presente es un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal que incluyó 125 adolescentes embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital Luz Castro de Gutiérrez en el año 2009 y 125 adolescentes no embarazadas estudiantes del colegio Jorge Eliécer Gaitán de la ciudad de Medellín(Colombia). Las participantes respondieron una encuesta de Zung para diagnóstico de depresión.Resultados: en las adolescentes embarazadas, la prevalencia de depresión fue del 32,8%, mientras que en el grupo de estudiantes no embarazadas fue del 16,8%. Se describen los factores de riesgo en los dos grupos.Conclusiones: la depresión es un problema de salud frecuente en el grupo de mujeres adolescentes embarazadas en el Hospital Luz Castro de Gutiérrez en Medellín (Colombia).

Prediction of postpartum social support and symptoms of depression in pregnant adolescents: a pilot study.

Many pregnant adolescents remain in school, creating unique challenges for professionals to meet their educational and health needs. In this descriptive pilot study of pregnant adolescents (n = 26), 68% demonstrated symptoms of depression as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). In addition, there was an expectation by the pregnant adolescent that postpartum social support received, as measured by the Postpartum Support Questionnaire, would be different from what is important to her. As an important part of the team, school nurses are uniquely positioned to screen pregnant adolescents for depression and to assist them in learning how to negotiate for the social support that is important to them.

Prediction of Postpartum Social Support and Symptoms of Depression in Pregnant Adolescents: A Pilot Study

Prediction of Postpartum Social Support and Symptoms of Depression in Pregnant Adolescents: A Pilot Study

Cortisol reactivity and anxiety and depression in pregnant adolescents: A longitudinal perspective

The purpose of this investigation was to examine: (1) the relations among cortisol reactivity (short term changes in cortisol concentration) and anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescent during pregnancy and early postpartum, and (2) cortisol reactivity and psychosocial variables as predictors of anxiety and depression symptoms in pregnancy and early postpartum. Cortisol reactivity, an index of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity, was hypothesized to be a vulnerability factor for poor physical and mental health outcomes in adolescents. Forty adolescents aged 14 to 19 years ( M = 17.3, SD = 1.3) were enrolled in the study and were seen at <20 weeks gestation (T1), 34–36 weeks gestation (T2), and 2–3 weeks postpartum (T3). Blood was drawn for cortisol at T1 and T3. Psychological assessments of anxiety and depression symptoms, life optimism, and self-worth were administered at T1, T2, and T3. There were significant correlations among cortisol reactivity and anxiety and depression symptoms at T1 and T3, but the correlations were the reverse of the hypothesized direction. Pregnant adolescents with increased cortisol reactivity and anxiety and depression symptoms at T1 and T3, but the correlations were the reverse of the hypothesized direction. Pregnant adolescents with increased cortisol reactivity (cortisol concentrations that increased across a 40-min period) had fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression than other adolescents. Longitudinal analyses showed that anxiety and depression symptoms at T1 were a stronger predictor of postpartum anxiety and depression than was cortisol reactivity, life optimism, self-worth, or age at pregnancy.