Depression In Mothers Of Infants Research Articles

Association of perceived social support and maternal adaptation with postpartum depression in mothers of infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units

Literature has shown that mothers whose babies are in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are at risk of experiencing postpartum depression (PPD). This study explored the relationship between PPD and perceived social support and its impact on maternal adaptation in mothers of new-borns hospitalized in NICUs. Participants were 252 mothers of infants in the NICU. An Individual Form, the Edinburgh PD Scale, the Postpartum Self Evaluation Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used for data collection. Mann Whitney U test and Pearson Correlation were used for data analysis. Breastfeeding difficulty, inadequate information on postpartum, psychological disease history, C/S, low birth weight, prematurity, and long hospital stay was found to be predictors of PPD and poor maternal adaptation. As perception of social support and maternal adaptation decreased, PPD symptoms increased. Health providers should detect PPD symptoms of these mothers and have them referred early for counselling.

An Electronic Approach to Postpartum Depression Screening in the Postdischarge Neonatal Clinic

To improve recognition of postpartum depression in mothers of infants who were in the NICU through the use of a screening tool in the electronic medical record. Cook Children's Medical Center recognized that the current process for identifying mothers at risk for postpartum depression in the NICU Graduate Early Support and Care Transition (NEST) clinic was insufficient to safely meet the needs of families. After reviewing the literature and determining the best evidence for Postpartum Depression Scale use, Cook Children’s opted to implement the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in the NEST clinic when the infant was 2 months of age. To avoid the barriers identified by paper-based screening, the decision was made to pilot an electronic version of the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale with the use of clinical decision support. The NICU team, working with key stakeholders, noticed that they would have the best chance of success with initial implementation of the assessment at the 2-month postnatal appointment. To begin electronic screening of women for postpartum depression at specific intervals and during the infants’ follow-up pediatrician visits. After electronic documentation of the patient’s score, EPIC functionality will generate a message to the referring obstetrician and pediatrician of the score and any resources provided to the family or interventions performed. This additional referral process allows for continued follow up for the infant and mother. This screening will take place in the NEST clinic and will be included in the infant’s electronic medical record to allow for proper follow up and knowledge sharing among medical providers. Outcomes and evaluation of the process occur monthly, with use of data analytics to evaluate whether all patients received their screening, how many patients had a positive screen, and how many of the positive screens received appropriate follow up. Through a standardized process, nurses can facilitate the process whereby women receive postpartum depression screening and ensure that they receive the appropriate resources and follow up to assist the patient in obtaining the support she needs to safely care for herself and her infant.

Postpartum Depression in Mothers of Infants With Cleft Lip and/or Palate.

This study describes postpartum depression rates and risk factors for mothers with infants with cleft lip and/or palate as postpartum depression has been associated with a range of negative maternal and child outcomes. A retrospective chart review from August 2009 to May 2015 included medical diagnoses, demographics, receipt of prenatal diagnosis, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Mothers (N = 206) had infants (59.2% male; mean age in weeks 5.1 ± 6.9) with isolated cleft lip (18%), cleft palate (22.8%), or cleft lip and palate (59.2%). Mothers ranged from 16 to 45 years old (mean age 29 ± 6.2) and half had received a prenatal diagnosis. Patients mostly had public insurance (57.8%) and represented diverse ethnicities. Based on the EPDS, 11.7% of mothers met the depression cutoff of 10 or higher. The majority endorsed self-blame (68.9%), difficulty coping (59.2%), and feeling anxious (57.3%). Mothers of infants with cleft lip or cleft lip and palate who did not receive a prenatal diagnosis had higher total EPDS scores, anxiety, and incidence of feeling scared. Higher EPDS scores were predicted by not having a prenatal diagnosis and by older maternal age. Mothers of infants with a cleft had similar rates of postpartum depression as the general population; however, those who were older and who did not receive a prenatal diagnosis endorsed more symptoms. Prenatal diagnosis may contribute to positive maternal postpartum adjustment. Providers should incorporate screening for risk factors into their evaluation and treatment planning.

영ㆍ유아 자녀를 둔 어머니의 양육스트레스 감소와 우울 감소를 위한 미술치료 단일사례연구

영ㆍ유아 자녀를 둔 어머니의 양육스트레스 감소와 우울 감소를 위한 미술치료 단일사례연구

Special Issue

Every once in a while, a cluster of manuscripts arrive that create a naturally occurring Special Issue. This was the case for this issue. We have six articles addressing parental and neonatal concerns. This issue has articles covering gestational diabetes, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) experiences experiences, newborn resuscitation, and parent’s experiences when a baby stops breathing. This mix of manuscripts came from five different countries: China, Iran, Sweden, United States of America, and Jordon. Methodologies include both quantitative and qualitative but each article either addresses Mothers, Fathers, Infants, or Children. The first article addressing developmental care provided by NICU nurses in China (Zhang, Lee, Chen, & Liu, 2016) highlights that not only nurse factors influence the nurses’ ability to provide important developmental care in the NICU but staffing and hospital system factors also play a role. In the article by Segre, Orengo-Aguayo, and Siewert (2016), this team investigated the attitudes of mothers of newborns in the NICU toward being screened for depression and receiving counseling by nurses. This team was particularly interested in whether mothers would be willing to receive a nurse-delivered intervention to address depression in mothers of infants in the NICU. These important studies address important clinical and system issues in the NICU setting. Women experiencing gestational diabetes are at risk for increased worry and anxiety. The article from Iran Bastani (2016) tested a complementary and alternative approach to treating anxiety in women with gestational diabetes,

Postpartum Depression in Mothers of Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Risk Factors and Management Strategies

The aim of this study is to assess incidence, risk factors, and management strategies for Postpartum depression (PPD) in mothers of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants. A total of 131 mothers completed the study assessment tool (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale with additional questions). Score of 10 or above was considered to indicate risk for PPD (subclinical depression). Risk factors were examined with particular emphasis on length of stay (LOS). Approximately 19.1% of mothers experienced (subclinical) PPD. Depression during current and previous pregnancy, and problems with current delivery were strong predicting risk factors for PPD. As the LOS increased beyond 2 weeks, the odds of PPD risks initially increased, then leveled off, and then decreased after 31 days. We recommend that the mothers of NICU infants be routinely screened for PPD and aggressively treated.

1290 Postpartum Depression in Mothers of Infants with Very Low Birth Weight

ObjectiveGiving birth to an infant with very low birth weight (VLBW) is a major life event for a mother. Several studies have shown that mothers of these infants are at...

P-991 - Postpartum depression in mothers of infants with very low birth weight

Giving birth to an infant with very low birth weight (VLBW) is a major life event for a mother. Several studies have shown that mothers of these infants are at greater risk of psychological distress. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of depressive symptoms and to determine the associated factors among mothers who have infants with VLBW. The sample consisted of 105 subjects; 35 mothers of VLBW infants (< 1500 g), 35 mothers of low birth weight (LBW) infants (1500 – 2500 g), and 35 mothers of healthy term infants (> 2500 g). The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to detect maternal depressive symptoms. Maternal social support was assessed by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The mean EPDS score and the number of mothers with high depressive scores (EPDS > 12) were significantly higher in mothers of infants with VLBW than mothers of LBW and term infants. We found that low birth weight (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.009; p = 0.005; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.003 – 1.016) and long hospital stay (OR: 1.074; p = 0.01; 95% CI: 1.017 – 1.133) were predictors of PPD. The birth and subsequent hospitalization of an infant with very low birth weight evokes psychological distress in mothers. Pediatricians should be more careful about depressive symptoms of mothers of infants with VLBW and should refer for counseling when it is necessary.

Postpartum depression in mothers of infants cared for in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit – Incidence and associated factors

This longitudinal cohort study investigated the incidence of postpartum depression (PPD) among mothers of infants cared for in two Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) and factors related to PPD onset. 123 mothers were posted the Edinburgh Post-Natal Depression Scale (EPDS) and a questionnaire to record infant and maternal data at 1 month, and a repeat EPDS scale at 4 months post-discharge. PPD incidence was 15% at 1 month, 14% at 4 months, and varied by NICU (23% vs. 8%). Pre-pregnancy and/or antenatal depression was significantly associated with the incidence of PPD. Mothers who experienced PPD at 1 month had an almost eight fold risk of experiencing PPD at 4 months. Women who were not offered counselling during their infant’s stay on the NICU had a 60% increased risk for PPD onset. The findings highlight the need for routine pre-natal screening and targeted support for mothers with infants admitted to NICU.

Direct and Buffering Effects of Physical Activity on Stress-Related Depression in Mothers of Infants

This study examined the role of leisure-time physical activity in reducing the impact of high life stress and time pressure on depression, a buffer effect, for mothers of infants. A direct association between leisure-time physical activity and depression, regardless of both sources of stress, was also tested. A sample of approximately 5,000 mothers of infant children completed questionnaires that measured demographic characteristics, frequency of participation in leisure-time physical activity, life stress, time pressure, and depression (depressive symptoms). Hierarchical multiple regression incorporating an interaction component to represent the buffering effect was used to analyze the data. Frequency of leisure-time physical activity was significantly associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms for both types of stress and acted as a buffer of the association between life stress and depressive symptoms, but did not buffer the influence of time pressure on depressive symptoms. These findings indicated that leisure-time physical activity assists in maintaining the mental health of mothers of infants; however, caution is needed when promoting physical activity for mothers who feel under time pressure.

Post-Natal Depression in Mothers of Infants Presented to a Chiropractic Clinic for Care: Chicken or Egg?

Post-Natal Depression in Mothers of Infants Presented to a Chiropractic Clinic for Care: Chicken or Egg?

Parenting Stress, Depression and Verbal Abuse of Infant's Mothers

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between parenting stress and depression in mothers of infants and verbal abuse. Methods: The data for this study was collected from 174 mothers of infants 12 to 48 months old who either used one of two pediatric clinics or one kindergarten. The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire, PSI (Parenting Stress Index Short Form by Abidin), BDI (Beck Depression Instrument) and Verbal Abuse Measure. Regression analysis was the statistical method used for data analysis. Results: The mean score for depression in the mothers was 14.7 (range: 2-35), for parenting stress, 81.86 (range: 44-142), and for verbal abuse, 37.9 (range: 25-79). There were significant positive correlations for depression, parenting stress and verbal abuse in the mothers. Significant factors influencing verbal abuse were child domain, parent-child domain. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that there is a need to design interventions and develop programs for depression management and parenting stress for mothers of infants between 12 and 48 months.

Postnatal depression in mothers of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit at birth

Postnatal depression in mothers of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit at birth

The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale detects but does not distinguish anxiety disorders from depression in mothers of infants

Specific screening tests to detect postpartum anxiety are as yet unavailable. The aim of this study was to test the ability of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to detect anxiety disorders in women admitted to residential early parenting centres. Consecutive cohorts of English speaking women admitted with their infants to two centres in Melbourne, Australia completed the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Anxiety and depression diagnoses were compared with EPDS scores. Of the 145 women (78% recruitment rate), 138 (95%) provided complete data of whom 35 (25%) had at least one anxiety disorder. EPDS scores over 12 correctly identified 28 women (44%) as having major depression, either alone or co-morbid with an anxiety disorder but 10 (16%) had only an anxiety disorder and were not depressed. All of the 26 (41%) women with EPDS scores over 12 with neither diagnosis met diagnostic criteria for minor depression or an adjustment disorder. EPDS scores were unable to distinguish between these diagnostic groups. The presumption that EPDS scores over 12 indicate only probable depression is an oversimplification. Current national initiatives recommend that EPDS scores over 12 warrant treatment for depression, which may lead to inappropriate labeling and therapy.

Depression in mothers of infants: The role of maternal employment.

Depression in mothers of infants: The role of maternal employment.

Depression in mothers of infants: The role of maternal employment.

Depression in mothers of infants: The role of maternal employment.