Depression In Middle-aged Men Research Articles

Long-Term Particulate Matter Exposure and Onset of Depression in Middle-Aged Men and Women.

Background:Long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with all-cause mortality and adverse cognitive outcomes, but the association with developing depression remains inconsistent.Objective:Our goal was to evaluate the prospective association between PM air pollution and developing depression assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale.Methods:Subjects were drawn from a prospective cohort study of 123,045 men and women free of depressive symptoms at baseline who attended regular screening exams in Seoul and Suwon, South Korea, from 2011 to 2015. Exposure to PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ( and , respectively) was estimated using a land-use regression model based on each subject’s residential postal code. Incident depression was defined as a CES-D score during follow-up. As a sensitivity analyses, we defined incident depression using self-reports of doctor’s diagnoses or use of antidepressant medications during follow-up.Results:The mean baseline 12-month concentrations of and were 50.6 (4.5) and , respectively. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for developing depression associated with a increase in 12- and 60-month exposure were 1.11 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.16) and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.11), respectively. The corresponding HRs for 12-month exposure was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.43). Similar results were obtained when incident depression was identified using self-reports of doctor’s diagnoses or the use of antidepressant medications.Conclusion:In this large cohort study, we found a positive association between long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution and the developing depression. We did not find an association for outdoor air pollution; however, we had a much shorter follow-up for subjects’ exposure to . https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4094

Anger and Depression in Middle-Aged Men: Implications for a Clinical Diagnosis of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.

In recent years, it has been proposed that problems with anger control and depression define clinical features of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The authors examined anger problems and depression in middle-aged men from the general population and related those findings to the proposed clinical criteria for CTE. A sample of 166 community-dwelling men ages 40-60 was extracted from the normative database of the National Institutes of Health Toolbox. All participants denied prior head injury or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants completed scales assessing anger, hostility, aggression, anxiety, and depression. In response to the item "I felt angry," 21.1% of men reported "sometimes," and 4.8% reported "often." When asked "If I am provoked enough I may hit another person," 11.4% endorsed the statement as true. There were moderate correlations between anger and anxiety (Spearman's ρ=0.61) and between depression and affective anger (ρ=0.51), hostility (ρ=0.56), and perceived hostility (ρ=0.35). Participants were dichotomized into a possible depression group (N=49) and a no-depression group (N=117) on the basis of the question "I feel depressed," specific to the past 7 days. The possible depression group reported higher anxiety (p<0.001, Cohen's d=1.51), anger (p<0.001, Cohen's d=0.96), and hostility (p<0.001, Cohen's d=0.95). Some degree of anger and aggression are reported by a sizable minority of middle-aged men in the general population with no known history of TBI. Anger and hostility are correlated with depression and anxiety, indicating that all tend to co-occur. The base rates and comorbidity of affective dysregulation in men in the general population is important to consider when conceptualizing CTE phenotypes.

ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ СЕРДЕЧНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТИ У МУЖЧИН СРЕДНЕГО ВОЗРАСТА С ДЕПРЕССИЕЙ

Objective: Comparative assessment of the efficiency of standard and combined antidepressant therapy of chronic heart failure (CHF), flowing depression in middle-aged men with mild and moderate arterial hypertension (AH). Methods: Evaluation of the effectiveness of CHF treatment in patients with absence (Group I) and the presence of depressive disorders (Group II) and combined with antidepressants (paroxetine) of standard therapy for CHF occurring with depression (Group III) was spent. Clinical indices and structural parameters of the myocardium and vessels are studied in the dynamics Results: In patients with depression not receiving antidepressants, the lack of depression is accompanied by low adherence to treatment and the meaningful by high BP. Despite the high efficacy of standard CHF treatment, the combination with an antidepressant (the importance of improving the structural parameters of the myocardium, reduction of depression and increased adherence to treatment), adherence to treatment is significantly lower than in patients with initial absence of depression Conclusion: In the absence of depression, standard CHF therapy in middle-aged men with hypertension significantly improves the hemodynamic parameters and the reduced severity of heart failure. Against the background of depression, the effectiveness of CHF treatment (without an antidepressant) is lower: the level of depression, the left ventricular myocardial mass index, and intima-media thickness are much higher, treatment adherence and the ratio of maximum speeds of early and late filling (E/A) are lower than in comparison groups. Combined with paroxetine, standard CHF therapy in middle-aged men with depression, mild depression, and CHF, increases adherence to treatment, improves the structural parameters of the heart. However, adherence to the treatment is meaningful low than in patients who initially lacked depression, which dictates the need to develop effective measures to prevent depressions in patients with the risk of developing CHF. Keywords: Male sex, middle age, chronic heart failure, hypertension, depression, antidepressant therapy.

The Relationship between Self-identity and Depression in Middle aged Men: The Mediating Effect of Marital Communication Ability and Psychological Well-being

The Relationship between Self-identity and Depression in Middle aged Men: The Mediating Effect of Marital Communication Ability and Psychological Well-being

Arterial stiffness is associated with depression in middle-aged men — the Maastricht Study

Arterial stiffening may underlie the association between depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but reported data are inconsistent. We investigated the associations between aortic stiffness and major depressive disorder (MDD) and depressive symptoms, and whether these differed by sex and age. We measured carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) using applanation tonometry, and we assessed depression using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in a cohort of participants from The Maastricht Study. Logistic and negative binominal models were adjusted for age, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and CVD risk factors. We included 2757 participants in our analyses (48.8% men, mean age 59.8 ± 8.1 yr, 27% T2DM). We found that cfPWV was associated with MDD in men (fully adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-3.84), but not in women (OR 1.57, 95% CI 0.93-2.66), aged 60 years or younger. The ORs were not significant in individuals older than 60 years (men: OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.63-1.68; women: OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.32-1.31). Similarly, cfPWV was associated with a higher PHQ-9 score in men (rate ratio 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.52), but not in women (rate ratio 1.11, 95% CI 0.99-1.23), aged 60 years or younger. Associations were not significant in individuals older than 60 years (men: rate ratio 0.96, 95% CI 0.84-1.08; women: rate ratio 1.00, 95% CI 0.90-1.12). We cannot rule out reversed causation in this cross-sectional study. Greater aortic stiffness is associated with MDD and depressive symptoms among middle-aged men and to a lesser extent in women, whereas this association was not observed in old age.

Profile socio-demographic and clinical of suicide victims in Brusque County, Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2012 and 2015

IntroductionAmong the main causes of mortality in the world stands out approximately 1 million deaths due to suicide. In Brazil, this is the third cause of death due to external factors, being 5.3 the average rate per 100,000 inhabitants. The state of Santa Catarina ranks second in the national ranking with an index of 8.6. According to WHO, it is necessary to detect probable suicide risk factors once information can prevent deaths.AimIdentify socio-demographic and clinical profile of suicide victims in Brusque County, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2012 and 2015.MethodsObservational, descriptive and quantitative study, with analysis of 60 police investigations with suicide records, occurred from January 2012 to December 2015, in Brusque County.ResultsThe suicide was 15.29 per 100,000 inhabitants. The victims had an average age of 46.51, and ±2.12 (SD). Among them, 67.5% suffered from depression and 88% received pharmacological treatment. Regarding marital status, 59% were married or living in a stable union. Men accounted for 78% of the sample. Death by hanging occurred in 65% of cases and 22% previous attempts were recorded, and in 15%, it was mentioned suicidal intent. Among the reasons for the act, it was highlighted family member's death. Given the underreporting, such data may be even more significant.ConclusionsThe observed rates were significantly higher than the state and national rates. Prevention strategies can be focused on early diagnosis and treatment of depression in middle-aged men, and who had recent loss of a family member.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Dietary zinc intake and the risk of depression in middle-aged men: A 20-year prospective follow-up study

BackgroundZinc is an immunomodulatory trace element suggested to be beneficial in the augmentation of antidepressant therapy. Cross-sectional studies have also suggested an association between low dietary zinc and depression. This study examined the association between dietary zinc intake and depression in a prospective setting in initially depression-free men during a 20-year follow-up. MethodsThe study formed a part of the population-based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study, and comprised 2317 Finnish men aged 42–61 years. Zinc intake was assessed at baseline by a 4-d food record. Baseline depression severity was recorded with the Human Population Laboratory Depression Scale. In the prospective setting, depression was defined as having received a hospital discharge diagnosis of unipolar depressive disorder. Individuals who at baseline had elevated depressive symptoms were excluded (n=283). ResultsAltogether, 60 (2.7%) individuals received a hospital discharge diagnosis of depression during the 20-year follow-up. In Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, baseline depression severity, smoking, alcohol use, physical exercise and the use of dietary supplements, belonging to the lowest tertile of energy-adjusted zinc intake was not associated with an increased depression risk (RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.59–1.90). LimitationsThese observations may not be generalizable to women, or to individuals with a depression level not warranting hospitalization. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a low dietary zinc intake may not longitudinally precede depression in men. Dietary zinc intake may not have relevance for the prevention of depression in middle-aged men with a sufficient dietary zinc intake.

2803 – Dietary zinc intake and the risk of depression in middle-aged men: a 20-year prospective follow-up study

Zinc is an immunomodulatory trace element suggested to be beneficial in the augmentation of antidepressant therapy. Cross-sectional studies have also demonstrated an association between low dietary zinc intake and depression. However, to the best of our knowledge, no long-term prospective studies have examined the impact of dietary zinc intake on the risk of depression. To examine whether low dietary zinc in initially depression-free men associated with an increased incidence of depression during a 20-year follow-up. The population-based Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study comprised 2641 Finnish men aged 42–61 years. Zinc intake was assessed at baseline by a 4-d food record and was also re-assessed for a random subsample (n = 50) on 1-year follow-up (correlation between assessments 0.68, p < 0.001). Depression was defined as having received a hospital discharge diagnosis of unipolar depressive disorder. The discharge data were derived from the National Hospital Discharge Register in 2010. Individuals who at baseline had elevated depressive symptoms or a history of mental illness were excluded (n = 345). Altogether, 2169 (94.5%) participants reached the Finnish zinc RDI for men (9 mg/day), and 58 (2.5%) received a depression diagnosis during the 20-year follow-up. In Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, smoking, alcohol use, energy expenditure, dietary supplement use and education years, the energy-adjusted zinc intake was not associated with depression (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.95–1.09). A low dietary zinc intake may not induce an increased depression risk in middle-aged men.

Depression predicts perioperative outcomes following coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Objectives. To assess preoperative depression in middle-aged men undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and to determine if depression is related to perioperative outcomes. Design. One hundred and nine middle-aged male patients were randomly selected and assessed for depression one day before CABG using the Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90R). Perioperative outcomes were: (1) postoperative length of hospital stay, (2) the presence of any early complications (at intensive care unit), and (3) the presence of any late complications (at cardiac surgery unit). Results. Twenty-five (23%) patients had a high level of depression. Preoperative depression scores significantly predicted postoperative length of hospital stay (p<0.001) and the incidence of late perioperative complications (p<0.05) independently from biomedical and sociodemographic factors. Each increase in depression T score increased the odds of occurrence of late complications by 10% (p=0.018, CI 95% 1.02–1.19). Conclusions. Depression is common in middle-aged men undergoing CABG and is an independent predictor of postoperative length of hospital stay and late perioperative complications.

Fasting Glucose, Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes, and Depression: The Vietnam Experience Study

Recent findings suggest that both low and very high fasting blood glucose concentrations may be linked with depression, though whether type 2 diabetes is associated with depression may depend on awareness of the diagnosis. We explored the association between fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes (undiagnosed and diagnosed) and depression in middle-aged men. Participants were 4293 US veterans who underwent an examination during which fasting blood glucose was measured, major depression diagnosed using DSM-III criteria, and depressive symptoms assessed with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) clinical scale for depression. Compared with those with normal fasting glucose, men with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes had nearly double the odds of major depression, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.80 (1.01, 3.22), and men with diagnosed diabetes had triple the odds of major depression, 3.82 (1.68, 8.70), after adjustment for confounding variables. Men with undiagnosed or diagnosed diabetes had higher MMPI depression scores. There was no curvilinear association between fasting glucose and depression (p > .45). These findings do not support a U-shaped association between fasting glucose and depression. They suggest that the positive association between type 2 diabetes and depression extends beyond those who are aware they have the disease.

ORIGINAL RESEARCH—ENDOCRINOLOGY: Hypogonadism, Decreased Sexual Desire, and Long-Term Depression in Middle-Aged Men

In middle-aged men, the associations between long-term depressive symptoms and circulating testosterone levels are poorly known, although it is known that testosterone levels decrease with age. A health questionnaire was mailed to a population-based sample from the National Population Register in 1998, 1999, and 2001. Based on their self-reported mental symptoms, a total of 116 men were selected for clinical examination in 2005. Half of them had high and the others low levels of adverse mental symptoms in all three previous follow-ups. A structured clinical interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV was performed. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The Aging Males' Symptoms scale was also compiled and testosterone levels were determined. In the entire study sample, serum free testosterone levels correlated negatively with both BDI and HDRS scores. In the hypogonadism group (based on free testosterone, 19.8% of the sample), clinically significant depression (BDI score > or = 13) was more than three times as frequent as in the other men (34.8% vs. 10.4%), the odds ratio after multiple adjustments being 4.98 (95% confidence interval 1.66-14.95). A decrease in sexual desire was common in hypogonadism (36%). Nevertheless, it also associated with clinically significant depression, irrespective of free testosterone levels. Long-term and current depressive symptoms, a decreased sexual desire, and low serum free testosterone levels are associated in middle-aged men. Hypogonadism per se and as a cause of decreased sexual desire may be a contributory and possibly treatable factor underlying male depression. The findings highlight the need for hormonal status assessment in middle-aged depressive men.

COMPARISON OF TWO JOINT PSYCHIATRY/ENDOCRINOLOGY CLINICS STARTED IN A CHRONIC TERTIARY CARE PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL AND A FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS PROGRAM

In middle-aged men, the associations between long-term depressive symptoms and circulating testosterone levels are poorly known, although it is known that testosterone levels decrease with age.A health questionnaire was mailed to a population-based sample from the National Population Register in 1998, 1999, and 2001. Based on their self-reported mental symptoms, a total of 116 men were selected for clinical examination in 2005. Half of them had high and the others low levels of adverse mental symptoms in all three previous follow-ups. A structured clinical interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV was performed. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The Aging Males’ Symptoms scale was also compiled and testosterone levels were determined.In the entire study sample, serum free testosterone levels correlated negatively with both BDI and HDRS scores. In the hypogonadism group (based on free testosterone, 19.8% of the sample), clinically significant depression (BDI score ≥ 13) was more than three times as frequent as in the other men (34.8% vs. 10.4%), the odds ratio after multiple adjustments being 4.98 (95% confidence interval 1.66–14.95). A decrease in sexual desire was common in hypogonadism (36%). Nevertheless, it also associated with clinically significant depression, irrespective of free testosterone levels.Long-term and current depressive symptoms, a decreased sexual desire, and low serum free testosterone levels are associated in middle-aged men. Hypogonadism per se and as a cause of decreased sexual desire may be a contributory and possibly treatable factor underlying male depression.The findings highlight the need for hormonal status assessment in middle-aged depressive men. Hintikka J, Niskanen L, Koivumaa-Honkanen H, Tolmunen T, Honkalampi K, Lehto SM, and Viinamäki H. Hypogonadism, decreased sexual desire, and long-term depression in middle-aged men. J Sex Med 2009;6:2049–2057.

Calculated bioavailable testosterone levels and depression in middle-aged men

The association between circulating total testosterone (TT) levels and depressive symptoms remains unclear. We sought to determine the relationship between physiologically active bioavailable testosterone (BT) and depressive symptoms in middle-aged men with and without major depressive disorder (MDD). We assessed and compared calculated BT levels in two groups of middle-aged men (40-65 years): untreated subjects meeting DSM-IV-TR-defined criteria for a major depressive episode as part of major depressive disorder (N=44) and a matched non-depressed control group (N=50). Depressed men had lower mean BT levels (3.51+/-1.69 vs. 4.69+/-2.04 nmol/L; p=0.008) and TT levels (11.94+/-4.63 vs. 17.64+/-1.02 nmol/L; p<0.001) when compared to the control group. Biochemical hypogonadism (i.e., BT level< or =2.4 nmol/L or TT level< or =12.14 nmol/L) was also more prevalent in depressed men vs. non-depressed controls (34% vs. 6%, p<0.001; 61% vs. 14%, p<0.001, respectively). Changes in physiologically active BT concentration may be a vulnerability factor for depressive symptoms in middle-aged depressed men.

Association between depressive symptoms and serum concentrations of homocysteine in men: a population study

Results of studies of the association between blood concentrations of homocysteine and depression in general populations and among psychiatric patients are inconsistent. The objective was to study the association between depression and serum concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy). A cross-sectional study of a sample of 924 men aged 46-64 y was conducted as a part of the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. Those who had a history of psychiatric disorder (6.0%) were excluded. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 18-item Human Population Laboratory Depression Scale. Those who scored > or =5 at baseline or at the 4-y follow-up were considered to have a tendency toward depression. The participants were ranked according to their blood tHcy concentration and divided into tertiles. Those in the upper tertile for serum tHcy had a more than twofold (odds ratio: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.35, 3.90; P=0.002) higher risk of being depressed than did those in the lowest tertile for serum tHcy. The results remained significant after adjustment for the month of study, history of ischemic heart disease, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, marital status, education, and socioeconomic status in adulthood (odds ratio: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.30, 3.83; P=0.004). High serum concentrations of tHcy may be associated with depression in middle-aged men.

Masked Depression in Middle-Aged Men

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article AbstractsNo AccessMasked Depression in Middle-Aged MenFrank Cassino, M.D.Frank CassinoKew Gardens, L. I.Search for more papers by this author, M.D.Published Online:30 Apr 2018https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1959.13.1.234AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail PDFThis content is only available as a PDF. Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Personal login Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - APT - American Journal of Psychotherapy $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - APT - American Journal of Psychotherapy Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byNone Volume 13Issue 1 1959, pp. 1–263Pages 234-236 Metrics PDF download History Published online 30 April 2018 Published in print 1 January 1959