Depression In Elderly Adults Research Articles

Ocena zależności pomiędzy poziomem aktywności fizycznej a ryzykiem wystąpienia upadku oraz depresją u osób w wieku 60–75 lat mieszkających na terenie województwa podkarpackiego

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Wołoszyn N, Wiśniowska-Szurlej A, Sozański B. An assessment of the relationship between the level of physical activity and the risk of falls and depression in elderly adults aged 60 - 75 years from the Podkarpackie region. Advances in Rehabilitation. 2018;32(2):41-48. doi:10.5114/areh.2018.77936. APA Wołoszyn, N., Wiśniowska-Szurlej, A., & Sozański, B. (2018). An assessment of the relationship between the level of physical activity and the risk of falls and depression in elderly adults aged 60 - 75 years from the Podkarpackie region. Advances in Rehabilitation, 32(2), 41-48. https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2018.77936 Chicago Wołoszyn, Natalia, Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej, and Bernard Sozański. 2018. "An assessment of the relationship between the level of physical activity and the risk of falls and depression in elderly adults aged 60 - 75 years from the Podkarpackie region.". Advances in Rehabilitation 32 (2): 41-48. doi:10.5114/areh.2018.77936. Harvard Wołoszyn, N., Wiśniowska-Szurlej, A., and Sozański, B. (2018). An assessment of the relationship between the level of physical activity and the risk of falls and depression in elderly adults aged 60 - 75 years from the Podkarpackie region. Advances in Rehabilitation, 32(2), pp.41-48. https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2018.77936 MLA Wołoszyn, Natalia et al. "An assessment of the relationship between the level of physical activity and the risk of falls and depression in elderly adults aged 60 - 75 years from the Podkarpackie region." Advances in Rehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 2, 2018, pp. 41-48. doi:10.5114/areh.2018.77936. Vancouver Wołoszyn N, Wiśniowska-Szurlej A, Sozański B. An assessment of the relationship between the level of physical activity and the risk of falls and depression in elderly adults aged 60 - 75 years from the Podkarpackie region. Advances in Rehabilitation. 2018;32(2):41-48. doi:10.5114/areh.2018.77936.

The Impact of Neuroticism on Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Elderly Adults: the Mediating Role of Rumination

This study aimed to examine the mediating role of rumination on the relationship between neuroticism and anxiety–depression among a sample of 405 elderly adults from China. The participants completed a questionnaire packet containing neuroticism, ruminative response, and depression and anxiety scales. Path analysis was adopted to test the mediating effects, and bootstrap methods were applied to assess the magnitude of indirect effects. Results showed that anxiety and depression were positively correlated with neuroticism and rumination. Neuroticism positively influenced the symptoms of anxiety and depression, and this relationship was partially mediated by rumination. This study expounded the mediating role of rumination underlying the positive association between neuroticism and anxiety–depression in older adults.

Age-specific association between body mass index and depression: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014.

Decades of research have investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) and depression. Although it has been suggested that obesity lowers the risk of depression in elderly adults, the association of overweight and obesity with depression across age groups remains controversial. Thus, we aimed to investigate how the odds of depression vary between BMI groups in the general population. In this study, data were collected from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2014 (KNHANES VI; n=7550), and 4932 adults were included in the study sample. We investigated the adjusted association between depression, which was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and BMI groups (underweight, normal weight, overweight, obese class I, obese classes II and III). In all adults, after adjusting for sex, age, income and presence of chronic illnesses, overweight had lower odds of depression than normal weight (OR, 0.811; 95% CI, 0.661-0.995), whereas underweight had higher odds of depression than normal-weight subjects (OR, 1.776; 95% CI, 1.241-2.540). Overweight elderly adults had lower odds of depression than normal-weight elderly adults (OR, 0.522, 95% CI, 0.367-0.743), and obese class I elderly adults also had lower odds of depression than normal-weight elderly adults in both men (OR, 0.482, 95% CI, 0.251-0.924) and women (OR, 0.637, 95% CI, 0.418-0.970). Furthermore, in the normal-weight-to-obese class I elderly adults group, we found that an increase of 1 kg m-2 BMI was significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of depression in both men (OR, 0.898, 95% CI, 0.808-0.997) and women (OR, 0.911, 95% CI, 0.844-0.982). We found that overweight and mild obesity significantly lowered the risk of depression in elderly adults. These findings suggest that mild increases in BMI beyond the normal range may be a protective factor for depression in elderly Korean adults.

Dual Tasking for the Differentiation between Depression and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Differentiation of mild cognitive impairment from depression in elderly adults is a clinically relevant issue which is not sufficiently solved. Gait and dual task (DT) parameters may have the potential to complement current diagnostic work-up, as both dementia and depression are associated with changes of gait and DT parameters. Methods: Seven hundred and four participants of the TREND study (Tübinger evaluation of Risk factors for Early detection of NeuroDegeneration) aged 50–80 years were assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Plus test battery for testing cognition and Beck's Depression Inventory for evaluation of depression. Based on these results, four groups were defined: acute depressed (N = 53), cognitively mildly impaired (N = 97), acute depressed, and cognitively mildly impaired (N = 15), and controls (N = 536). Participants underwent a 20 m walk and checking boxes task under single (ST) and DT conditions. ST and DT performance and dual task costs (DTC) were calculated. Due to the typical age of increasing incidence of depressive and also cognitive symptoms, the 7th decade was calculated separately. Results: ST speeds of gait and checking boxes, DT walking speed, and walking DTC were significantly different between groups. Healthy controls were the fastest in all paradigms and cognitively mildly impaired had higher DTC than depressed individuals. Additionally, we constructed a multivariate predictive model differentiating the groups on a single-subject level. Conclusion: DT parameters are simply and comfortably measureable, and DTC can easily be determined. The combination of these parameters allows a differentiation of depressed and cognitively mildly impaired elderly adults.

Depression and all-cause mortality in persons with diabetes mellitus: are older adults at higher risk? Results from the Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes Study.

To compare the strength of the association between depression and mortality between elderly and younger individuals with diabetes mellitus. A survival analysis conducted in a longitudinal cohort study of persons with diabetes mellitus to test the association between depression and mortality in older (≥ 65) and younger (18-65) adults. Managed care. Persons aged 18 and older with diabetes mellitus who participated in the Wave 2 survey of the Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) Study (N = 3,341). The primary outcome was mortality risk, which was measured as days until death using linked data from the National Death Index. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire. After controlling for age, sex, race and ethnicity, income, and other comorbidities, mortality risk in persons with diabetes mellitus was 49% higher in those with depression than in those without, although results varied according to age. After controlling for the same variables, mortality risk in persons aged 65 and older with depression was 78% greater than in those without. For those younger than 65, the effect of depression on mortality was smaller and not statistically significant. This analysis suggests that the effect of depression on mortality in persons with diabetes mellitus is most significant for older adults. Because there is evidence in the literature that treatment of depression in elderly adults can lead to lower mortality, these results may suggest that older adults with diabetes mellitus should be considered a high-priority population for depression screening and treatment.

Relationship Between Depression and Blood Pressure in Community‐Dwelling Oldest‐Old Adults in Japan

To the Editor: “Inverse Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Arterial Blood Pressure in Community-Dwelling Oldest-Old Brazilians” by Rosset and colleagues1 attracted our attention because of its important point of view about community-dwelling oldest-old adults. Rosset and colleagues1 showed a relationship between low blood pressure (BP) and depression and discussed measures of controlling hypertension in the very old population, but the relationship between cognitive or mental functions and BP in community-dwelling elderly adults has been controversial.2-4 According to the Canadian National Population Health Survey, major depression is a possible risk factor for new-onset high BP.4 On the contrary, a recent study in France indicates that people with low BP have a higher risk of developing depression, whereas those with high BP were not at greater risk for incident depression.3 Moreover, another study in Norway showed that symptoms of anxiety and depression were correlated with lower BP 11 years later.5 Therefore, the findings on the relationship between depression and BP in elderly adults differ across study populations, although these findings are from Western populations, and there are few reports on this relationship in Asian populations. Thus, to address this important issue, a cross-sectional study was conducted to reexamine the relationship between BP and depression in the oldest-old community-dwelling adults in Japan. The total sample comprised 134 elderly people aged 80 and older living in Tosa, Japan (mean age ± standard deviation 84.5 ± 3.9, male:female = 43:91). Data were collected in the annual health examination program that the town held in 2012. They included sociodemographic characteristics, mean systolic and diastolic BP (in two consecutive measurements with the participant in a sitting position), body mass index (BMI), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score for the assessment of cognitive functioning, 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score, use of antihypertensive and antidepressant medications, and subjective sense of low economic status. The ethical review board of the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, approved this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 (IBM Inc., Armonk, NY). Mean number of years of education was 8.8 ± 2.0, mean MMSE score was 26.5 ± 3.2, and mean BMI was 22.5 ± 3.2 kg/m2; 67.9% and 4.8% of participants used antihypertensive and antidepressant drugs, respectively. There were no significant associations between GDS score and systolic BP (correlation coefficient (r = 0.017, P = .84) or GDS score and diastolic BP (r = −0.12, P = .17) in simple (Figure 1) or quadratic regression. Moreover, these relationships remained statistically nonsignificant after controlling for age, sex, years of education, MMSE score, BMI, use of antihypertensive and antidepressant medications, and subjective low economic status. Thus, the relationship between depression and BP that was significant in the Brazilian oldest-old population was not detected in a Japanese sample. The expression and management of depression and BP abnormality may differ depending on community, country, and social and medical situation, which may have led to the different results, although hypertension and depression in elderly adults are an important concern in Asian communities. Several reports have stated that the prevalence of hypertension in community-dwelling elderly people in Japan is greater than 70%.6, 7 At the same time, the prevalence of depression in elderly people in three Asian communities was reported to range from 17.2% to 33.8%.8 In conclusion, we should focus on accumulating and comparing results from samples drawn from different cultures and living environments to obtain new perspectives and insights in ethnogerontology. Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no financial or any other kind of personal conflicts with this paper. Author Contributions: HI, KM, KO, TW, RS, YK: study concept, analysis of data, preparation of manuscript. MF, YI, EF, WC, MT: interpretation of data, critical review of manuscript. All authors made substantial intellectual contributions to this manuscript. Sponsor's Role: None.

Family Support, Work Conditions, and Depression in Elderly Adults

Family Support, Work Conditions, and Depression in Elderly Adults

Air Pollution and Symptoms of Depression in Elderly Adults

Background: Although the effect of air pollution on various diseases has been extensively investigated, few studies have examined its effect on depression.Objectives: We investigated the effect of air pollution on symptoms of depression in an elderly population.Methods: We enrolled 537 participants in the study who regularly visited a community center for the elderly located in Seoul, Korea. The Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (SGDS-K) was used to evaluate depressive symptomatology during a 3-year follow-up study. We associated ambient air pollutants with SGDS-K results using generalized estimating equations (GEE). We also conducted a factor analysis with items on the SGDS-K to determine which symptoms were associated with air pollution.Results: SGDS-K scores were positively associated with interquartile range (IQR) increases in the 3-day moving average concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM10) [17.0% increase in SGDS-K score, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9%, 30.5%], the 0–7 day moving average of nitrogen dioxide [NO2; 32.8% (95% CI: 12.6%, 56.6%)], and the 3-day moving average of ozone [O3; 43.7% (95% CI: 11.5%, 85.2%)]. For these three pollutants, factor analysis showed that air pollution was more strongly associated with emotional symptoms such as feeling happy and satisfied than with somatic or affective symptoms.Conclusions: Our study suggests that increases in PM10, NO2, and O3 may increase depressive symptoms among the elderly. Of the symptoms evaluated, ambient air pollution was most strongly associated with emotional symptoms.

Depressive symptoms and APOE polymorphisms in an elderly population-based sample

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) has been regarded as the principal susceptibility gene linked with Alzheimer's disease, also suggesting a relationship with depression in the elderly population. Thus, the purpose was to investigate the association of APOE polymorphisms with depression in elderly adults. APOE polymorphisms were determined in a Mexican population-based sample older than 60 years (n=1566) using 5' exonuclease TaqMan genotyping assays. The distribution of the APOE allele and genotype frequencies was similar in patients with and without depression. There was no significant association between the presence of alleles or genotypes and depression and anxiety (Short Anxiety Screening Test) considering several combinations of other features. However, patients with the APOE*4 allele presented more thinking and concentration impairment than those patients with the APOE*3 allele. Genetic variation at the APOE gene may contribute to some depressive symptoms in late-onset depression, rather than being a specific risk factor.

Religious activity and depression among community-dwelling elderly persons with cancer: the moderating effect of race.

Research has been oriented toward elucidating the links between religion and mental health. The purpose of this article is to further our knowledge in this area by examining the effect of religious activity on depressive symptomatology among community-dwelling elderly persons with cancer. We also test whether these effects differ between Blacks and Whites. We use two waves of data collected from a community-dwelling sample of elderly persons living in North Carolina. Depressive symptomatology is measured using four subscales from the CES-D 20 scale: somatic-retarded activity, depressed affect, positive affect, and interpersonal relations. Measures of religious activity include service attendance, religious devotion, and watching or listening to religious programs. The findings indicate that among Blacks with cancer, religious activity is related to lower levels of depressive symptomatology; no such relationship is found for respondent with other illnesses or no illness. Further, the effects of religious activity are stronger among Blacks than Whites. The analyses lend support to the hypothesis that religious activity is a strong predictor of depression in elderly adults with cancer. This finding, however, is not as strong as we had anticipated.

Absence of depression in elderly adults.

Depressive symptomatology has been reported to be most prevalent over the age of 65. This study examined the effects of age (young less than or equal to 60 years, old greater than 60 years) and sex on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), MMPI Scale 2 (Depression), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Responses to somatic versus psychological complaints on the BDI were examined separately, and the physical malfunctioning subscale (D3) of the MMPI-2 was also evaluated. No age effects were found on any of the depression scales' total scores. On the BDI, the older group reported more somatic complaints than the younger group. Psychological complaints were reported equally for young and old groups. Women reported more depressed items on the MMPI-2 and reported a greater number of symptoms of physical malfunctioning (D3) than men for both age groups. No age by sex interaction reached significance. A report of greater physical malfunctioning (D3) was significantly associated with higher scores on all the depression scales. The increased prevalence of somatic complaints on self-report depression scales probably results in higher scores, which are misinterpreted as representing more depression in the elderly population. It is recommended that a depression scale such as the GDS, which excludes somatic items, be used to assess depression in older adults.