Comorbidity Of Depression In Patients Research Articles

The relation of major depression, OCD, personality disorders and affective temperaments with Temporal lobe epilepsy

BackgroundIn patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), studies demonstrate frequent comorbidity with mood disorders, personality disorders (especially obsessive-compulsive disorder) and major depression, but there are conflicting findings. This study aimed to investigate psychiatric comorbidities and affective temperament among TLE patients and to explore the relationships between obsessive compulsive disorder, other personality disorders, major depression and affective temperament in order to clarify the mediator effect of TLE in these relationships. MethodsThirty patients with TLE and 30 healthy volunteers were included. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM III-R Axis II Disorders (SCID-II), Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) scale, Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) scale, Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale (BSSI) and Yale Brown Obsession Compulsion Scale (YBOCS) were applied and evaluated by a psychiatrist. Additionally, all individuals completed The Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A). ResultsPatients with temporal lobe epilepsy had higher scores in TEMPS-A, HAM-A, HAM-D, YBOCS and BSSI. Major depression, obsessive compulsive disorder and dependent and antisocial personality disorders were prevalent in patients. With respect to affective temperaments, depressive, cyclothymic and anxious temperaments were associated with obsessive compulsive disorder comorbidity; whereas, depressive and anxious temperaments were found to be associated with major depression comorbidity in patients with TLE. Furthermore, cluster A and cluster C personality disorders were associated with affective temperaments in patients with TLE. Affective temperaments had no correlation with illness duration, seizure frequency, depression severity and suicidal thoughts, but obsessions and compulsions. Suicidal thoughts were associated with obsessions and compulsions. ConclusionAffective temperaments are core personality traits with biological background and they may provide a foundation for psychiatric disorders, especially mood disorders. Considering that TLE originates from abnormalities in brain circuitry, it may form a basis for psychiatric disorders. Therefore, psychiatric evaluation to determine comorbidities may be beneficial to increase the quality of life of patients with TLE.

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Amitriptyline on Ulcerative Colitis in Normal and Reserpine-Induced Depressed Rats.

Depressive disorders are more common among persons with chronic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and anti-inflammatory effect of some antidepressants such as amitriptyline has been reported. Acetic acid colitis was induced in both reserpinised (depressed) and non-reserpinised (normal) rats. Reserpinised groups received reserpine (6 mg/kg, i.p.) one hour prior to colitis induction. Then Amitriptyline (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered to separate groups of male Wistar rats. All treatments were carried out two hours after colitis induction and continued daily for four days. Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) and normal saline (1 mL/kg) were used in reference and control groups, respectively. At day five, animals were euthanized and colonic tissue injuries were assessed macroscopically and pathologically. Myeloperoxidase activity as a marker of neutrophil infiltration was also measured in colonic tissues. Results showed that reserpine (6 mg/kg, i.p.) intensified colitic condition. Compared to control, amitriptyline (10, 20 mg/kg) and dexamethasone significantly decreased weight of colon and ulcer index in normal and reserpine-induced depressed rats. Myeloperoxidase activity and pathological assessments also proved anti-inflammatory effect of amitriptyline. Our results suggest that amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, could reduce inflammatory and ulcerative injuries of colon both in normal and depressed rats. So among the wide spread anti-depressant drugs, amitriptyline is a good choice to treat depression comorbidities in patients with IBD.

The anti-depression effect of Xylaria nigripes in patients with epilepsy: A multicenter randomized double-blind study

PurposeThe comorbidity of depression in patients with epilepsy is common and treatment is still controversial. This pilot study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of Xylaria nigripes for treating depressive symptoms in patients with epilepsy during 12 weeks of treatment. MethodsA multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized superiority study was performed. A total of 104 patients with epilepsy who fulfilled the study criteria were randomized 1:1 to receive Xylaria nigripes (the Wu Ling group) or placebo (the placebo group) treatment in the 12-week period of study. The participants were visited on weeks 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 of the treatment course. ResultsEighty-one patients finished all of the visits. The primary efficacy endpoint in this study was the total effective rate for depression, which was significantly greater in the Wu Ling group (51.3%, n=39) than in the placebo group (35.7%, n=42, 0.51–0.36=0.15, 95% CI −0.06 to 0.37, U=2.83, P=0.002) after 12 weeks of treatment. No differences in seizure frequency or changes in severity were found between the Wu Ling and the placebo groups. In addition, the quality of life and seizure worry subscale scores in patients with epilepsy were also improved more notably in the Wu Ling group than in the placebo group (P<0.05). Most of the adverse effects (AEs) in this study were mild and had no differences between the Wu Ling and the placebo groups. ConclusionXylaria nigripes could alleviate depressive symptoms within 12 weeks treatment and was well tolerated in patients with epilepsy.

The Scarring Effects of Past Depression on Anxiety Sensitivity: Examining Risk for Depressive Relapse and Recurrence

Previous research has demonstrated that among the lower-order dimensions of anxiety sensitivity (AS), the fear of cognitive dyscontrol is uniquely associated with depression comorbidity in patients with primary anxiety disorders. The AS-fear of cognitive dyscontrol dimension has been conceptualized as both a pre-existing vulnerability to and a psychological scar resulting from depressive states. The focus of the present study was to determine whether AS-fear of cognitive dyscontrol concerns remain elevated (i.e., scarred) following remission from a major depressive episode in treatment-seeking patients with a primary DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000) anxiety disorder (N = 120). Patients with anxiety disorders presenting with current comorbid depression reported significantly higher cognitive dyscontrol scores on the Anxiety Sensitivity Index than patients with no history of depression but equivalent scores to those with past depression. These results suggest that the AS-fear of cogniti...

P02-277 - The association of the metabolic profile in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients with obsessive compulsive disorder and depression: New insights

IntroductionThe high comorbidity of depression in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 has been established.ObjectivesThe association between Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and diabetes mellitus type 2 is poorly understood.AimsThe aim of the present study was to assess the degree in which diabetes mellitus type 2 is accompanied by OCD.Method131 diabetic patients, 55 female and 76 male were randomly enrolled and during the first assessment was administered in all participants the Zung Self Rating Scale (ZUNG) and the Maudsley O-C Inventory Questionnaire (MOCI). After one year, while an intensive effort to improve the patients’ metabolic profile was performed, the diabetic patients that were initially uncontrolled (n = 31) were re-evaluated by the same psychometric tools. From those 31 patients 10 had managed to control their metabolic profile.ResultsMOCI and the sub-scale of slowness are statistically related with the diabetic profile (controlled-uncontrolled), with uncontrolled patients scoring significantly higher on the overall MOCI score and the factor of slowness of MOCI scale (p = 0.028). Regarding the association between the values of Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) and the scores of MOCI it was found that they were significantly positively correlated in overall scores (p = 0,028) and in the subscale of slowness (p = 0,028). The analysis revealed a positive association between depression (p = 0.004) and obsessive compulsive disorder symptomatology (p &lt; 0.001) and thepatient’s metabolic profile.ConclusionsDiabetes mellitus type 2 is associated with obsessive compulsive disorder symptomatology and depression. Improvements in glycaemic control were found to decrease the severity of the symptoms.

Depression comorbidity in patients with chronic hepatitis C and its possible relation to treatment outcome

Depression comorbidity in patients with chronic hepatitis C and its possible relation to treatment outcome

Pay attention to the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety and depression co-morbidity in patients with physical diseases

焦虑和抑郁性障碍不仅见于精神科,还常与躯体疾病并存.许多躯体疾病可以有焦虑、抑郁的症状表现,甚至是首发症状或主要症状,而焦虑、抑郁障碍也常常有躯体化症状的表现.另一方面,焦虑、抑郁障碍也可直接影响躯体疾病(如高血压、冠心病、胃肠疾病)的发病和预后。

The Risk for Depression Comorbidity in Patients With COPD

Patients with COPD are believed to have a high risk for the development of depression. However, it remains unclear whether or not there is a temporal relation between COPD and depression, and if the higher risk for depression is a result of having a chronic disease, or is specific for COPD. The aim of this study is to compare the risk for physician-diagnosed depression in patients with COPD, patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and control subjects without chronic conditions. The study was a prospective cohort study based on the Continuous Morbidity Registration database. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to identify the risk of a first episode of depression in patients with COPD compared to patients with DM and matched control subjects without chronic conditions. The following covariates were added to the model: age, the general practice the patient was listed with, socioeconomic status, comorbidity, and gender. All patients with a diagnosis of depression preceding the date of first diagnosis of COPD or DM (dummy date in control subjects) were excluded. The hazard ratios for a first episode of depression in the COPD group compared to the DM group and healthy controls subjects were 1.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 2.81) and 1.68 (95% CI, 1.20 to 2.35), respectively. We found a temporal relation between COPD and physician-diagnosed depression. Patients with COPD are more likely to have depression diagnosed than patients with DM and control subjects without chronic conditions.