Department Of History Research Articles

Documents, Volume 12: March–July 1843

Documents, Volume 12: March–July 1843

The Globalization of the Church History Department: The Plight of an Outsider Looking In (A Personal Reflection)

The Globalization of the Church History Department: The Plight of an Outsider Looking In (A Personal Reflection)

Néstor Curbelo: The Latin American Andrew Jenson

Néstor Curbelo: The Latin American Andrew Jenson

Missing and Restoring Meaning

Missing and Restoring Meaning

The Challenges of Global Church History for Those outside the United States of America

The Challenges of Global Church History for Those outside the United States of America

Collecting the History of the Church in Australia

Collecting the History of the Church in Australia

학생의 과목선택권 확대 속 역사 선택과목에 대한 학생 인식조사 및 교육과정 개발 방향 - 고교학점제 선도학교 D고등학교의 사례를 중심으로 -

In the context of rapidly changing educational environment, the Department of History is facing various difficulties. One is that students do not choose history subjects, and the other is that history departments are at a disadvantage in the curriculum organization.BR To solve the former problem, we will need to know why students don’t choose history subjects. Therefore, a survey was conducted to find out the students’ perception of the history elective subject. The subjects of the survey were 349 students in the first and second grades of D High School, a leading high school credit system. After preparing a questionnaire through a preliminary survey, the main questionnaire was conducted, and the questionnaire was divided into groups according to the learning conditions of the students.BR As a result, first, the biggest reason that students do not choose history subjects is because they perceive history subjects as too many and difficult. Second, as the number of students taking history subjects decreased due to this perception, it became disadvantageous for their grades, creating a vicious cycle in which more students did not choose history subjects. Third, although few students chose history, they thought that more students wanted to learn history and should learn it. It was confirmed that it was necessary to improve the problems while maintaining the charm of the history subject itself.BR In order to overcome the difficulties faced by the history department, the following elective subjects should be developed. First, it is necessary to deal with the contents derived from the basic contents while maintaining the original nature of the subject. Second, it should be composed of content that students want to learn and the teacher’s expertise can be demonstrated, rather than guiding students’ choices with easy and concise content.

Z badań nad repertuarem operowym Teatru Narodowego w drugiej połowie XVIII w. Nieznana praca magisterska obroniona na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim w 1938 r.

ABSTRAKT From Studies on the Opera Repertoire of the National Theater in the Second Half of the 18th Century. Unknown MA Thesis Defended at the University of Warsaw in 1938 Julian Pulikowski was an associate professor of Musicology who lectured at the University of Warsaw from 1935–1939. The article proves that although there was no formal possibility to defend a Master’s thesis in this field, Pulikowski became an informal supervisor of Gustawa Zysman’s (Krystyna Żukotyńska’s) work. The idea for the topic was conceived in 1934. Stefan Czarnowski, professor at the Department of Cultural History at the University of Warsaw, became the official thesis supervisor. The work titled Opera repertoire of the National Theater as a contribution to the cultural life of Warsaw in the second half of the 18th century was defended in June 1938. It has hitherto remained unknown to researchers – extant only in a typescript stored in the University of Warsaw Archive – as has been the case with Pulikowski’s letter in which he admits his supervision, held in the Jagiellonian Library in Krakow. Although Zysman obtained a Master’s degree in History, the content of the work indicates that it was, in fact, the first work in Musicology defended at the University of Warsaw.

К проблеме институционального оформления кавказоведения в императорской России

This article discusses the history of the scientific institutions functioning established in the second half of the XIX century in Caucasus to study it. Particular attention is paid to the role of the mili-tary department in the construction of the institutional space in Caucasian studies, which is little studied in historiography. Attention is drawn to the participation of the military in the work of the Caucasian Department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society (IRGO), as well as to the main directions and results of the Military History Department activities at the headquarters of the Caucasian Military District. Based on the works of pre-revolutionary authors, as well as docu-ments from the Russian State Military Historical Archive, it is concluded that the military admin-istration of the Caucasus took an active part in organizing the scientific study of the region. Rep-resentatives of the local headquarters occupied leading positions in the Caucasian department of the IRGS. Some military men became active participants in the geographical, ethnographic and linguistic study of the Caucasus, including I.I. Khodzko, I.I. Stebnitsky, P.K. Uslar, A.V. Komarov. Created at the headquarters of the Caucasian Military District, the Military History Department gained the status of an important scientific and educational center on the Caucasian outskirts of the empire. His research practices formed an empirical basis for further scientific study of the military past of the Caucasus.

ECONOMIC EDUCATION AT LVIV UNIVERSITY IN THE PERIOD OF TRANSFORMATIONS AND THE BEGINNING OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION

Annotation. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the peculiarities of the development of economic education at Lviv University in the period of the beginning of institutionalization in the first half of the 20th century. The urgency of the study is due to the need to clarify the current situation regarding the development of economic education at Lviv University in the context of escalating political confrontation and pluralism of views that emerged as a result of the First World War and the period of liberation struggles of the Ukrainian people. Clarification of the development of economic education in all its manifestations at Lviv University, as well as its institutionalization in the university professional training of students will contribute to the future forecasting of effective educational technologies in extraordinary and transformational conditions. The article uses methods of analysis and synthesis of scientific and pedagogical staff in the field of economic education of Lviv University. Methods of dialectics and retrospective analysis in the analysis of economic disciplines taught in the fi rst half of the twentieth century. at the faculties of law and humanities of Lviv University. In particular, the subjects and scientific achievements of the staff of the Department of Social and Economic History of Lviv University are detailed. Methods of retrospective analysis and synthesis were applied to the activities of the Ukrainian (secret) University in Lviv. It was found out that the scientific and pedagogical staff of that time showed their scientific and practical activity in solving current socio-economic problems of that time. The results of the study showed that the scientific and pedagogical staff of the Ukrainian (Secret) University closely cooperated with professional economic institutions and research institutions of Lviv, took an active part in the European educational space and activities of Ukrainian economic institutions, disseminated their knowledge through their publications. The generalized conclusion shows that economic education at Lviv University in the period of sociopolitical transformations of the first half of the ХХth century develops in the multi-vector plane. At the same time, the process of institutionalization of economic education begins in accordance with the requirements of the practical activities of economic entities and the cooperative movement in general. The experience of the development of economic education and its institutionalization at Lviv University will contribute to the formation of basic foundations for the future forecasting of effective educational technologies in extraordinary and transformational conditions. Key words: economic education, Lviv University, Department of Social and Economic History, Ukrainian (Secret) University, Faculty of Humanities, Faculty of Law and Administration, Professor.

Japanese Primary Sources Relating to World War ii: Post-Cold War Developments

Abstract This article introduces readers to World War ii-era Japanese primary sources that have become available, over the last three decades, at the major archives and libraries. It also illustrates how and why some of these hitherto unavailable archival materials have become publicly accessible. At first, political, diplomatic and military historians primarily conducted their research at Diplomatic Archives, Military Archives, and the Modern Japanese Political History Materials Room, until the Japanese Diet passed a law in 2011 stipulating that all government and agencies, except for the Foreign Ministry and Imperial Household Agency, must transfer archived documents to the National Archives of Japan (naj). Enhancing its importance for research, the naj played the lead role in creating and maintaining the Japan Center for Asian Historical Records that has sustained a major effort at digitization. Other important primary sources include documents related to Emperor Hirohito, the Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy series, holdings of the Military History Department, and materials non-governmental organizations have published. The amount of Japanese source materials and their digitization now has reached a level that meets the U.S. and European standards.

Besim Korkut Efendi, A Bosnian ‛Ālim: His Life, Works and Contributions to the History of Islam

Following the conversion to Islam, Bosnia and Herzegovina has produced many Muslim scholars and these scholars in return attracted multitudes of disciples and followers. These scholars and their disciples became a backbone of Bosnian scholarly climate. The Korkut family was one of these families which heavily influenced the scholarly environment in Bosnia. The last scholar in this family was Besim Korkut Efendi. Examination of scholars, their works and their scholarly environment in which this family and Besim Korkut himself is situated is extremely important if we want to see the Bosnian scientific world as a whole. With this in mind, we plan to present a short biography of Besim Korkut firstly. Besim Korkut Efendi was born on 25th of November 1904 in the city of Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Korkut family, to which he belonged, produced some notable figures which worked in the office of mufti or became instructors in the madrasah of Elçi İbrahim Paşa during the period of 100 years, between 1830-1930. For instance, his grandfather Muhammad Dervish Korkut Efendi and his uncle Muhammad Hazim Korkut Efendi are first to come to mind in this regard. Besim Korkut attended primary school in Travnik and was supported by his father Ahmad Munib Efendi during these first steps in education. However, due to his father’s official duties they left Travnik shortly. Afterwards he went on to finish Okruzna Madrasah in Sarajevo. In the period of 1920-1925 he continued his studies at the School of Sharia and Qadi Profession also in Sarajevo. This school was founded by Austrian-Hungarian government in 1887 for specialization of future qadis. During Besim Korkut’s stay in the School of Sharia and Qadi Profession, he attended the classes of some notable figures of Bosnian scholarly scene, such as Mehmed Tevfik Azapagich Efendi, Mehmed Jamaluddin Chaushevich Efendi and Sulayman Sarach Efendi. Afterwards he recieved his higher education at the University of al-Azhar and graduated in 1931. After the graduation he became a teacher in a number of Sarajevan high schools, as well as in the School of Sharia and Qadi Office. Also he taught in some schools in Mostar in the same period. Later he became a lecturer at the High School of Islamic Sharia and Theology in Sarajevo. After the formation of Higher Islamic Sharia and Theology School, he was appointed as a lecturer in the Islamic history department. Between 1950-1967 he also worked for Oriental Institute in Sarajevo. Working for this Institute, he worked on the translation from Arabic of Kalila and Dimna, One Thousand and One Nights and three copious daftars which were retrieved from State Archives in Dubrovnik. After his retirement on 01/03/1967, Besim Korkut continued to teach Arabic language at the Department of Eastern Languages of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Sarajevo. Beside his numerous works and translations, Besim Korkut Efendi also wrote two books in the field of history of Islam, Kratak Pregled Povijesti Islama (A Brief History of Islam) and Istorija Islama (History of Islam). The fact that these books were written as early as 1930s adds to their importance. Especially his History of Islam was convient as a handbook for university students. He also wrote an important article about the School of Sharia and Qadi Profession, which he attended earlier in his career. Likewise, his article on the University of al-Azhar is worth mentionint in this context. His most famous work is his translation of the Holy Qoran into Bosnian, which is still recognized as official translation. This translation was published two years after Besim Korkut’s death. This was first rendering of the Holy Qoran in Bosnian in the history. There exist many other works of Besim Korkut. Besim Korkut Efendi died on the 2nd of November 1975 and was buried at the cemetary of Bare in Sarajevo. In this short biography, we plan to show the importance and contribution of the Korkut family in general, and Besim Korkut Efendi’s in particular, in the formation of Bosnian scholarly climate. With the example of Korkut family or other similar families and personalities, it is also intended here to show the importance of biographical stuides in the attempt to draw a clear picture of any scholarly environment.

A bandeira negra entre outras: (trans) nacionalismo e internacionalismo na construção do anarquismo no Brasil (1890-1930)

This article, a partial result of a doctoral thesis under development by the Department of Social History at the University of São Paulo, seeks to reflect on the connection between anarchism and internationalism and the practical transnationalism, through immigration, militant networks and circulation of ideas and experiences, including the vision of the nation, nationalism, patriotism and race of its agents, as well as their overlap with their concepts and class practices. After a justification based on a theoretical debate on the topic, we suggest the division into three moments within the Brazilian republican periodical, where we observe changes, both in its practices, forms of insertion and relationship, debates and vision about its movement and the elements analyzed.

Science and politics in the Ion Iancu Nistor creative legacy

Ion Iancu Nistor is one of the well-known Bukovynians for his scientific, political and state activities, in relation to whom there are two opposite opinions in the Romanian and Ukrainian historical science. A native of Bukovyna, born into a peasant family, he was able to become a famous scientist. Studied at Chernivtsi and Vienna universities, had internships at the universities of Munich, Bucharest, Berlin. In 1912 he headed the Department of History of Southeast Europe Chernivtsi university. The sphere of interest in this period was the medieval history of Moldova. During World War I, Ion Nistor and his family lived in Romania, where he had been engaged in research activities for some time, and he became involved in political activities since 1917. The latter one made it possible, together with a number of refugees from Bukovyna, to join the Romanian National Council and take part in the preparation and conduct of the General Congress of Bukovyna, which paved the path for the first position in the Council of Ministers – the Minister of Bukovyna. In 1920, I. Nistor became the first rector of the Romanized Chernivtsi University and held this post for the second time in 1933-1940. Starting his creative activity with publications in «Junimea literară», the historian left great legacy in various directions. If in the initial period of his scientific activity I. Nistor touched upon the issues of the history of Moldova in the Middle Ages, in particular the issue of the country’s territorial borders, its relations with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, trade relations of Moldova, then over time the range of scientific interests had expanded. In fact, the work «Romanians and Ruthenians of Bukovyna: a Historical and Statistical Study» (1915) was one of the first studies of the historian with political relevance. The issue of confrontation between Romanians and Ukrainians in terms of recognition of autochthony in Bukovyna was reflected in a number of other works. The work «Transnistrian Romanians» (1924) was a response to the intentions of the Soviet leadership to seek the return of Bessarabia under their rule, and the work «Czechoslovaks and Romanians» (1930) reflected the allied relations of the two states. The heritage of the historian also included works dedicated to the issue of the Great Unification, demonstrating the position on the issue of Bukovyna affiliation. The Ukrainian issue, one way or another, had always been present in a number of works during the interwar period, and it was important for the historian in the context of the attitude towards it from the USSR, Poland and Germany. In fact, the historian considered it his task to provide a historical background that was supposed to prove the right of the Romanians for entire Bukovyna. This was also manifested in his response to the statements of the Bukovynian OUN organization in June 1941, published in 1942. In addition to the issues mentioned, I. Nistor touched upon the issues of historical biography, the history of the Daco-Roman population, the history of Moldova in modern times, acting in line with traditional Romanian historiography.

Library local history audio tour: the specifics of creation

The popularization of local history knowledge, based on the fund of materials about the native land that is being formed by local libraries, includes the use of new information and online technologies. The format of the street audio tour allows the library to get closer to the user, such a tour is «a historian in your pocket». The purpose of this text (based on the experience of creating street audio tours by the our department of local history) is to outline both the real obstacles in creating an audio tour and the underestimated resources of libraries.So, for example, when preparing an audio tour, the libraries' own information resources may be underestimated. But relying on the local history fund the library has every opportunity to create a high quality excursion product. Especially noteworthy resources are the collections of periodicals, city directories and phonebooks of past years, which allow checking the facts and raising the degree of reliability of the tour.At the same time, one should not overestimate the competencies required for creating an audio tour, including those related to writing texts and working with audio recordings. The advantage of a guide created by non-pros is the possibility of creating an almost intimate one-to-one story. At the same time, librarians undoubtedly need both methodological support and technical advice.

Історія в Українському таємному університеті (1921–1925 рр.)

The article considers and analyzes the origin and the activity of Ukrainian Secret University (USU) in Lviv through 1919–1925 and presents its significance for the development of Ukrainian national culture after the defeat of the Ukrainian liberation struggle in 1917–1921. Special attention focused on the reconstruction of historical studies at this university. General features of the USU history represented today in a number of essays and articles wrote by Ukrainian authors. This article offers new facts about the activities of USU teachers from unpublished materials of historians Myron Korduba and Ivan Krypiakevych, in particular about the organization and conduct the historical studies, conditions of teaching and learning. USU was established in Lviv in 1919 after the capture of the city and Eastern Galicia by Polish troops as a result of the Polish-Ukrainian war of 1918–1919 and the Polish administration introduction there. The defeat of the Ukrainian national liberation movement led to a policy of repression and persecution by the Polish authorities. There was a threat of liquidation the Ukrainian national life due to the lack of opportunities for national professionals training. The Ukrainian intelligentsia sought to use the organizational and cultural-scientific potential accumulated in the previous period to preserve and develop national culture and education, contrary to the prohibitions of the Polish administration. In 1919, Ukrainian scientists, united in the Shevchenko Scientific Society and with the support of leading Galician politicians, created “university courses”, which in 1921 were transformed into a Ukrainian university. Under the conditions of bans and persecution by the Polish authorities, the activities of the university took place semi-legally, and the institution itself in journalism and literature was soon called a “secret university”. Despite the persecution and repression USU went down in history as a powerful factor in the consolidation and mobilization of Ukrainian society after the defeats in the struggle for national statehood. During the existence of UTU more than 1,300 students studied there, and 55 professors and associate professors taught them. The Faculty of Philosophy of USU managed to create a “history department”, which in different years studied from 20 to 50 students, and teaching was conducted by famous Ukrainian historians Myron Korduba, Ivan Krypiakevych and some others. The article lists the subjects they taught, as well as the high level of history teaching. In particular, for the first time in Ukrainian historiography, the courses “Methodology of History” by M. Korduba, “Ukrainian Historiography” and “History of the Ukrainian State of the XVII-XVIII centuries” by I. Krypyakevych were read and later published here. The Polish authorities created constant obstacles for the work of USU and historians, used attacks, pogroms and arrests of participants, did not allow the creation of scientific societies, in particular the Ukrainian Historical Society in 1924. Despite the generally modest results of the Ukrainian Secret University in Lviv in 1919–1925, it was noted that what was done by the efforts of USU teachers in the scientific and didactic spheres was worthy of respect. The creation of the national higher school foundations in the conditions of the defeat of the national-state building and in spite of the power of the occupying state was a bright manifestation of the high patriotic consciousness and moral qualities of the Ukrainian Galician intelligentsia. The responsible attitude of the representatives of Ukrainian historical science to the fulfillment of their civic and professional duty deserves special mention. They were able to create the professional historical studies, through which many figures of national science and culture have passed. Historians who have made a great contribution to the preservation of the national consciousness and culture of the Ukrainian population of Galicia in the unfavorable conditions of the defeat of the liberation struggle, have managed to preserve and later increase the historical capital of national history. They continued to build a network of national public scientific, cultural, and educational organizations and societies in Poland, which replaced state institutions and thus ensured the further development of the Ukrainian cause.

Historical Scholarship and Training at Ife: Growth, Personalities, and Professorships, 1962–2022

AbstractThis paper is the first part of a detailed historical assessment of historical scholarship and training at the Department of History of the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. It examines the growth and development of the Department since the inception of the University in 1962. It discusses the pioneer academic staff of the Department and subsequent people that taught in the Department over the years. The paper shows that the Department of History at Ife has excelled in all areas of historical scholarship over the years and that its professors and other scholars have contributed immensely to the reconstruction of African past. This is done through brief but succinct profiling of the professors and their professorial inaugural lectures as well as other scholars affiliated with the Department. The paper concludes that the Department of History at the Obafemi Awolowo University is a force to reckon with in the comity of schools of history in sub-Saharan Africa.

Notes on Contributors

Notes on Contributors

Notes from the University of the Free State

AbstractThrough an ethnographic telling of a curriculum reform project, this short contribution seeks to elucidate developments in the Department of History at the University of the Free State in South Africa. It touches on questions of transformation – both demographic and intellectual, what historical knowledge is valued, decolonization and international engagement, and it ends with some prognoses for the future.

"You Said It Would Be Alright": Trust, Betrayal, and Women's Relationships in Irish Abortion Experiences, 1900–1967

The authors gratefully recognize the support and assistance of the following: the National Archives, Dublin; Public Record Office of Northern Ireland; An Bord Altranais archives, University College Dublin; History Department, College of Charleston; Women's Health Research Team, College of Charleston; and the Honors College, College of Charleston. This research was funded by the Fulbright Commission and the Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities (URCA) Program at the College of Charleston.