Department Of Business Education Research Articles

E-Commerce in Education Programmes a Way to Solve Unemployment Amongst Education Graduates

This paper argues the need to include e-commerce as a subject in Education programs to enhance our students’ employment chances of education graduates in Nigeria. The study was conducted using the survey research method. The population of the study comprises 330 Business Education students in two universities in Anambra state. The research was carried out in Nnamdi Azikiwe University and students of Abia State University. A questionnaire was used for data collection and a sample of 130 Business Education students was collected for the study, out of which 90 were dully filled and completed. The findings revealed that the knowledge of e-commerce skills has great usefulness and importance on companies and enterprises giving the graduates of Business education an employment advantage. E-commerce education has a positive impact on the Business Education program. The study recommended that the program should be given their rightful place in the Business Education program and they should also be accorded equal recognition as other programs in the Business Education Department.

Utilization of digital instructional technologies in teaching business education students for improved office skill acquisition in tertiary institutions in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

This study examined utilization of digital technologies in teaching business education students for improved office skill acquisition in tertiary institutions in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Three research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population of the study is 229 which comprises of 31 business education lecturers and 198 final year students of business education from tertiary institutions in Ebonyi State. There was no sample since the populations was manageable. The instrument for data collection was questionnaire. The instrument was validated by two experts in Business Education Department. The instrument had a reliability coefficient of 0.74 using Pearson product moment correlation coefficient method. Mean and standard deviation statistics was used to analyze the data collected while t-test was used to test the hypothesis. The results showed that multimedia projectors and interactive whiteboard were utilized in very low extent teaching business education students in tertiary institutions in Ebonyi State. business educator’s often utilize web based technology in teaching business education students for improved office skill acquisition in tertiary institutions. The results also showed that there was no significant difference in the mean responses that business education lecturer and students do not differ significantly in their mean responses on the extent of utilizing digital technologies in teaching Business Education students for improved office skill acquisition in tertiary institutions in Ebonyi State. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that: administrator of business education should sensitized business education lecturers on the importance of utilizing digital instructional technology in order to improved students skills acquisition of office skills.

Learning Approaches and Students’ Academic Performance in Cost Accounting in Federal Universities in South-South, Nigeria

This study investigated the relationship between learning styles and academic achievement in the field of cost accounting among students enrolled in Federal Universities in the South-South region of Nigeria. The study employed a descriptive research design. This study focuses on the examination of a population using a randomly selected sample. The study's population comprises 556 final-year business education students from the departments of business education of the four Federal Universities located in South-South Nigeria, as selected for the research. A study was conducted in the South-South region of Nigeria, focusing on final-year students in the business education departments of four Federal Universities. The sample size consisted of 248 students, selected from a total population of 556 students. The primary data were gathered through the utilisation of a questionnaire. The statistical methodology employed to address the research inquiries and evaluate the hypotheses was the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The present study employed a purposive probability sampling method to select the participants, which enabled the researcher to investigate the association between the learning style preference of senior business education students in cost accounting and their academic performance in the preceding semester's final examination in the same subject. There is a notable correlation between the independent learning approach and students' academic achievement in South-South Nigeria among other things. Based on the findings, the study recommended that lecturers as well as students should give necessary considerations to the different approaches available for learning.

Learning Approaches and Students’ Academic Performance in Cost Accounting in Federal Universities in South-South, Nigeria

This study investigated the relationship between learning styles and academic achievement in the field of cost accounting among students enrolled in Federal Universities in the South-South region of Nigeria. The study employed a descriptive research design. This study focuses on the examination of a population using a randomly selected sample. The study's population comprises 556 final-year business education students from the departments of business education of the four Federal Universities located in South-South Nigeria, as selected for the research. A study was conducted in the South-South region of Nigeria, focusing on final-year students in the business education departments of four Federal Universities. The sample size consisted of 248 students, selected from a total population of 556 students. The primary data were gathered through the utilisation of a questionnaire. The statistical methodology employed to address the research inquiries and evaluate the hypotheses was the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The present study employed a purposive probability sampling method to select the participants, which enabled the researcher to investigate the association between the learning style preference of senior business education students in cost accounting and their academic performance in the preceding semester's final examination in the same subject. There is a notable correlation between the independent learning approach and students' academic achievement in South-South Nigeria among other things. Based on the findings, the study recommended that lecturers as well as students should give necessary considerations to the different approaches available for learning.

Inculcating Digital Contents, Technological Tools: Agents for Enhancing Business Education Curriculum for Skill Acquisition in Nigerian Universities

This study was on inculcating digital contents, technological tools as agents for enhancing business education curriculum for Skill Acquisition in Universities in Anambra State. Two research questions and null hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. A population of 34 business educators in Universities in Anambra state were used for the study. No sample was drawn for the study since the size of the population is manageable. The instrument used to collect data for the study was a structured questionnaire with two parts; part A contained items on the demography of respondents and part B contained items on the two research questions under the study. The questions were structured on a 5 point rating scale of Strongly Agree (SA); Agree (A), Moderately Agree (MA), Disagree (D) and Strongly Disagree. The instrument was validated b three experts, two from the Department of Business Education and one from Measurement and Evaluation. Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient was used to test consistency of the instrument and a general coefficient of 0.81. Data collected was analyzed using arithmetic mean and standard deviation while t- test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. When the p value was found to be equal or less than 0.05 alpha levels, the noted difference was said to be significant, therefore, the null hypothesis was be rejected. However, a p value found to be greater than 0.05, the noted difference was insignificant, therefore, the null hypothesis will be accepted. The findings of the study revealed that business education lecturers in universities in Anambra state agree that provision of instructional technology, inculcating digital contents can enhance business education curriculum for skill acquisition. These findings were discussed and conclusion was drawn. Relevant recommendations were made based on the findings of the study part of which included that Management of business education programme should incorporate digital tools and platforms that are relevant to various business disciplines, such as data analytics software, marketing automation platforms, project management tools, or simulation software. Provide hands-on training and practical exercises using these tools to develop students' proficiency in digital technologies applicable to the business context.

Strategies for Effective Utilization of Hybrid Approaches for Improve Instruction in Office Technology and Management (OTM) In Public Tertiary Institutions in South East, Nigeria

This study was carried out to investigate strategies for effective utilization of hybrid instructional approaches in Office Technology and Management (OTM) in public tertiary institutions in South East, Nigeria. The study answered two (2) research questions which were raised based on two (2) variables. Two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05level of significance. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and the study area was South East geo-political zone of Nigeria. The population of the study consisted of two hundred and sixty-eight (268) business educators employed under Business Education Department of public tertiary institutions in South-East Geopolitical zone, Nigeria. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled “Strategies for effective utilization of hybrid instructional approaches in office technology and management questionnaire (SEUHIAOTMQ)” with 18 items. The instrument was validated by three experts, two in business education and one in science education. Reliability of the instrument was determined through pilot test using Cronbach Alpha Reliability Statistical Tool. The analysis yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.85. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while independent t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the analysis revealed that utilization of flipped model and rotational teaching strategies can enhance effective teaching of Office Technology and Management (OTM) in public tertiary institutions. The study also revealed that gender and years of experiences did not affect the opinion of business educators’ opinion on strategies for effective utilization of hybrid or blended instructional approaches in Office Technology and Management (OTM) in public tertiary institutions in South East, Nigeria. The implication of the findings was that that every business educator should attend regular in-service education so as to keep abreast of current and future innovations in teaching. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that management of public tertiary institutions in South East, Nigeria should from time to time train business educators on emerging technologies which can be adopted for hybrid instructional approaches in public tertiary institutions.

Electronic Infrastructure and the Sustainable Development of Business Education Programmes in the 21st Century

This study primary goal was to investigate the electronic infrastructure-based and the sustainable development of business education programmes in the 21st century. This study used a survey research approach, with 23 participants, including 14 male and 9 female of business education lecturers. There was no sample in this study because the total population was small enough to be studied as a whole. The necessary data were gathered using one study instrument known as the "Electronic Infrastructure-based and Sustainable Development of Business Education Programme Questionnaire" (EISDBEPQ). The questionnaire was validated by three experts: one from measurement and evaluation and two from the business education department. Cronbach Alpha statistics were used to test the instrument's reliability, and the results showed that it had an overall reliability coefficient of 0.94. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, and the null hypothesis was tested using an independent t-test at the.05 level of significance. The findings of the study showed that electronic infrastructure-based programmes were not utilized, and strategies to improve the utilization of electronic infrastructure-based programmes are necessary for the sustainability of business education programs. It was concluded that it is critical to promote the use of electronic infrastructure in order to efficiently enhance the business education programme in Nigerian universities. And it was recommended, among others, that information and communication technology should indeed be highly interwoven into the business education curriculum to enhance the security of migrating the teaching process from the traditional method to the digital form.
 
 Received: 26 March 2023 / Accepted: 10 July 2023 / Published: 5 September 2023

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF BUSINESS EDUCATION PROGRAM IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES FOR 21ST-CENTURY SKILL ACQUISITION

This study examined digital transformation of business education program for 21st-century skill acquisition in Nigerian universities. Two purposes of the study were employed in this research work. two research questions guided the study and two null hypotheses which were tested at 0.05 level of significance. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised 34 business educators in universities in Anambra state. The entire population was used for the study since the population is manageable and accessible to the researcher. Hence, there was no sampling The instrument used to collect data for the study was a structured questionnaire with two parts; part A contained items on the demography of respondents and part B contained items on the two research questions under the study. The questions were structured on a 4-point rating scale of Strongly Agree (SA); Agree (A), Disagree (D) and Strongly Disagree. The instrument was validated b three experts, two from the Department of Business Education and one from Measurement and Evaluation. Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient was used to test consistency of the instrument and a general coefficient of 0.76. Data collected was analyzed using arithmetic mean and standard deviation while t- test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. When the p value was found to be equal or less than 0.05 alpha levels, the noted difference was said to be significant, therefore, the null hypothesis was be rejected. However, a p value found to be greater than 0.05, the noted difference was insignificant, therefore, the null hypothesis will be accepted. The findings of the study revealed among others that curriculum modernization, administration facilitate 21st century skill acquisition in universities in Anambra state. Based on the findings of the study, the researcher recommended that curriculum planners should revamp the business education curriculum to emphasize experiential learning and real-world application of knowledge and skills by integrating relevant and future-focused content, students can develop the skills required for success in the 21st century. There should be integration of digital literacy into the core curriculum of business education programs by designing courses and learning activities that explicitly incorporate digital tools and technologies relevant to the field, such as data analysis software, project management platforms, and digital marketing tools.

Graduates' E-Competencies Required For Maximum Productivity in the 21st Century Office

The study examined graduates' e-competencies required for maximum productivity in the 21st century office. One purpose of the study, a corresponding research question, and one null hypothesis guided the study. A descriptive research survey design was used for the study. The sample of the study consisted of three hundred and twenty-five (325) office administrators in universities in south-west Nigeria. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled Graduates' E-Competencies Required for Maximum Productivity scale (GECRMP). The instrument for the study was validated by three experts, two from the department of business education and one from measurement and evaluation, all from the faculty of vocational and science education at the University of Calabar, Calabar. The reliability of the instrument was ascertained through a pilot study involving office administrators in South-South, Nigeria. The data collected from the respondents in the pilot study was used to compute the reliability of the instrument. The Cronbach alpha SPSS statistical procedure was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument, which yielded an overall consistency of 0.81. The instrument for the study has two parts. Part one sought information on the demographics of the respondents. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the question, and the t-test statistic was used to test the hypothesis. The hypotheses were tested at the 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that reprographics competencies were needed by office administrators for effective discharge of their office responsibilities. Based on the findings, the study recommended, among others, that office administrators should be trained and re-trained in reprographics productivity in modern office activities and that office administrators needed to be equipped with reprographics competencies for proficiency in proofreading documents.

Challenges to the Teaching of ICT Related Courses in Office Technology and Management Programmes In Colleges of Education

The study focused on the challenges to the teaching of ICT-related courses in OTM programmes of Colleges of Education in Katsina and Kano States. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The design of the study was a survey design. The population of the study comprised one hundred and seventy-seven (177) lecturers in the Department of Business Education in the Colleges of Education in Katsina and Kano States. There was no sampling. The entire population was studied. A structured questionnaire duly validated and with reliability coefficient of 0.95 was used for data collection. One hundred and seventy-seven copies of the questionnaire were administered on the respondents. All the copies were accurately completed and returned. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 confidence level. The results of the study showed that the challenges to teaching of ICT related courses in Office Technology and Management (OTM) programmes in colleges of education are teaching facilities and human resources related. It was also found that there is a significant difference between the mean responses of male and female lecturers on teaching facilities related challenges to the teaching of ICT-related courses in OTM programmes in Colleges of Education. In addition, it was found that there is a significant difference in the mean response of lecturers on human resources-related challenges to the teaching of ICT-related courses in OTM programmes in Colleges of Education based on ownership. The implication is that OTM education graduates may not be relevant in this era of ICT if these challenges are not well tackled by the management of colleges of education. It was recommended, among others, that management in colleges of Education should provide adequate ICT teaching facilities and adequate human resources for effective implementation of OTM programmes. Government should provide adequate funding to enable effective provision of teaching facilities and appropriate mix of the quality and quantity of human resources needed for the effective implementation of ICT related programmes in OTM in the colleges of education.

Influence of Job Opportunities on Students’ Choice of Business Education in Federal Capital Territory (FCT)-College of Education Zuba, Abuja

The study examined the influence of job opportunities on students’ choice of Business Education in FCT-College of Education Zuba, Abuja. Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of job opportunities on students’ choice of Business Education in Federal Capital Territory (FCT)-College of Education Zuba, Abuja. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study was guided by three research questions. The population for the study was 187 Business Education students. Due to the manageable size of the population, no sampling techniques was adopted and therefore, all the 187 students were used for the study. The instrument for data collection was a structured 18-item questionnaire titled: Influence of Job Opportunities on Students’ Choice of Business Education Questionnaire (IJOSCBEQ), which was validated by three experts from Business Education Department, and Measurement and Evaluation Units of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The researcher was assisted by three research assistants in collecting the data for the study. The research questions were responded to using mean and standard deviation. The findings of the study indicates that, the opportunities of students’ gaining employment with private sector motivates them to choose Business Education. The study also revealed that, understanding ways of recording business transactions and effective sales habit encourage the choice of Business Education and that Students with Business Education knowledge, skill and value stand a better chance to secure employment with government organizations. Based on the findings, the study recommended that there should be regular workshops/seminars organized by government on career opportunities in business education. This is to educate the stakeholders on the need of business education students who are the potential marketer, mangers, and Business education teachers.

Management of Cash and Marketable Securities and its Impact in Small and Medium Financial Intermediaries’

Management of Cash and Marketable Securities and its Impact in Small and Medium Financial Intermediaries’ activities ABDULRAHEEM, A. O. Department of Business Education, Federal College of Education Odugbo, Benue State, Nigeria Abstract In a business, anything done financially affects cash eventually. Cash to a business is what blood is to living body. The study sought to identify the management of cash and marketable securities and its impact in small and medium financial intermediaries’ activities. The study highlights how cash management constitutes major parts of firms’ activities, what are the problems usually encountered by the investors in term of government policy, and how does discounting of securities before its maturity period affect profit earning in a financial intermediary? The population of the study comprises of all small and medium financial intermediaries, these include cooperative societies and micro finance banks in Katsina metropolis. Systematic sampling techniques were used to select a sample of two as research subject. The study utilized questionnaires divided into two sections for data collection. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data and the analysed data was reported using frequency distributions, and percentages. The study established that cash management constitutes a major area of financial intermediaries operations. It reads that bank rate policy is not so effective in controlling credit and the investment of excess or surplus cash in marketable securities minimize cost arising from cash shortages. It was however recommended that the financial intermediaries should determine in their budget what the optimal level of cash should be for the year. That once the minimum cash balance has been established, short term investment policy for any cash surplus can be determined. That the financial intermediaries should set up strategies toward the attainments of the minimum or optimal cash level to avoid the shortage of cash because such shortage of cash could lead the intermediaries into an embarrassing situation.

Assessment of Marketing Skills Possessed by Final Year Business Education Students for Self-sufficiency at River State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State

This study assessed the marketing skills possessed by final year students of Business Education students at River State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The survey was conducted in the Department of Business Education, River State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. A descriptive study design was adopted. The population also serve as samples of the study cover final year undergraduate students of the Department of Business Education. A sample size of 246 students comprising 137 female and 109 male was carefully chosen for the study using a questionnaire for data collection. The mean reliability of the instrument was based on the following research questions 1 = 0.82, 2 = 0.91 and 3 = 0.84 with a mean = 0.86, using Cronbach Alpha reliability. The three study questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while t-test statistic was used to test the null hypotheses at a significance level of 0.05. The findings of the study revealed that students are highly competent in marketing skills such as advertising, sales promotion and sales forecasting skills among respondents. The study established that there is no significant difference between the average responses of female and male students on the advertising skills, promotion skills and sales forecasting skills possessed for self-sufficiency among respondents. The findings of the study established that marketing skills such as sales promotion skills, advertising skills, and sales forecasting skills could boost self-sufficiency among respondents. Also, it was recommended that the Department of Business Education should conduct frequent workshops and conferences for business education students on the basics to procure marketing skills among Business Education Students at graduation.

Influence of E-Learning on Performance and Employability among Business Education Students in Tertiary Institutions in Delta State

This research aimed to explore the impact of E-Learning on the academic performance and employability of Business Education students in tertiary institutions. The study was guided by four research questions and tested four null hypotheses. It utilized a descriptive correlational research design and involved a population of 937 Business Education students in Delta State tertiary institutions. A sample of 260 students was selected using proportionate stratified sampling. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire, which underwent validation by three experts from the Business Education Department. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach alpha coefficient. The research questions were addressed through mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s coefficient of determination, while the hypotheses were examined using the Pearson Product moment correlation coefficient at a significance level of 0.05. The findings of the study indicated that E-Learning can positively influence the academic performance and employability of Business Education students in Delta State’s tertiary institutions. Factors contributing to the success or failure of E-Learning included equipment costs, management attitudes, and the need for well-equipped E-Learning centers. The study also highlighted that optimizing E-Learning for enhanced academic performance and employability could be achieved through adequate financing, continuous staff training and empowerment, and ensuring a stable power supply. Furthermore, the research revealed a significant positive influence of E-Learning on the academic performance and employability of Business Education students in Delta State’s tertiary institutions. As a recommendation, the study suggested that institutions allocate sufficient financial resources to support the implementation and maintenance of E-Learning infrastructure, covering equipment, software, learning management systems, and technical support.

Assessment of Entrepreneurship Education as a Strategy for Poverty Alleviation among Business Education Graduates of Universities in South-South Nigeria

This study assessed entrepreneurship education as a strategy for poverty alleviation among business education graduates from universities in South-South Nigeria. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The target population for this study comprised of 200 business education graduates in Federal/State Universities in South-South Nigeria. The entire population was used for the study, since the population is manageable. Hence there was no sampling. The instrument that was used to collect data in this study was a questionnaire. The face and content validities of the questionnaire were determined by the researcher’s supervisor and two other experts in Business Education Department. Cronbach alpha reliability index was used to determine the internal consistency of the items in the instrument. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Mean and standard deviation were utilized to answer the research questions while independent samples t-tests were employed to test the hypotheses at a significance level of 0.05. The findings of the study revealed that on average, undergraduate students possess high ability in the utilization of ICT skills; that on average, business education graduates possess high ability in the utilization of management skills; that on the average, business education graduates possess high ability in the utilization of marketing skills. The study also revealed that there is no significant difference between male and female business education graduates in the mean ratings of their possessed competencies in marketing. The study recommended that educational institutions should provide additional education and training for undergraduate in ICT so that they can possess high ability on how to create website, identify and open spreadsheet in another location, send and receive fast messages.

Impacts of Banditry on Consumer Buying behaviour of Agricultural Produce by Local Producers in Katsina State, Nigeria

The study examined the impacts of banditry on consumer buying behaviour of agricultural produce by local producers in Katsina State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was used to generate data for the study. The study was guided by two research questions. The population for the study was 250 which was drawn across various zones in Katsina State, Nigeria. Due to the manageable size of the population, no sampling techniques was adopted. The instrument for data collection was a structured 18-item questionnaire titled: Impacts of Banditry on Consumer Buying Behaiour Questionnaire (IBCBBQ), which was validated by three experts from Business Education Department, and Measurement and Evaluation Units of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The researchers were assisted by three research assistants in collecting the data for the study. The collected data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The findings of the study indicates that, the crops of local producers are destroyed by bandits acts and, consumers’ buying behaviours have been changed as a result of bandit’s acts. The study also revealed that, there are efforts made by the government in tackling banditry to improve consumer food security. Based on the findings, some recommendations were made.

Vocational and Technical Education Lecturers’ Preparedness in Adopting The Emerging Technology Posed By Covid-19 Pandemic

The study was carried out to examine the preparedness of vocational and technical education lecturers in adopting the emerging technology posed by Covid-19 pandemic in Oyo State Colleges of Education, Nigeria. To achieve the objectives of the study, two research questions were developed and answered while one null hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted survey research design. The population for the study consisted of 150 lecturers. Total enumeration sampling technique was used for this research work. The questionnaire was faced and content validated by two experts from the Department of Business Education and one expert from Industrial Technical Education Department, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu-ode. Cronbach Alpha method was adopted to ensure reliability of the instrument with the coefficient of r=0.96. This shows that the instrument is highly reliable. The questionnaire was administered on 150 respondents and all were successfully retrieved. Mean and Standard deviation were used to answer data related to research questions while t-test analysis was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that preparedness level of the Vocational and Technical Education lecturers on the use of available technological tools for teaching and learning is moderately high. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that government through a relevant agency like Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund) should assist in providing some adequate modern technological tools for Colleges of Education, school management should provide modern technological tools for the smooth running of teaching and learning, Seminars and Conferences on the use of modern technological tools be attended at an interval.

Awareness of Vocational and Technical Education Lecturers in Utilising the Emerging Technology Posed by Covid-19 Pandemic

The study was carried out to examine the awareness of vocational and technical eduation lecturers in utilizing the emerging technology posed by Covid-19 pandemic in Oyo State Colleges of Education. To achieve the objectives of the study, three research questions were developed and answered while two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted survey research design. The population for the study consisted of 150 lecturers. Total enumeration sampling technique was used for this research work. The questionnaire was faced and content validated by two experts from the Department of Business Education and one expert from Industrial Technical Education Department, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu-ode. Cronbach Alpha method was adopted to ensure reliability of the instrument with the coefficient of r=0.96. This shows that the instrument is highly reliable. The questionnaire was administered on 150 respondents and all were successfully retrieved. Mean and Standard deviation were used to answer data related to research questions while t-test and ANOVA analysis were used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that awareness level of the Vocational and Technical Education lecturers on the use of available technological tools for teaching and learning is moderately high. The extent of usage of modern technological tools for teaching and learning is low compare to their awareness. Challenges faced by Vocational and Technical Education lecturers in using modern technological tools is moderately high. The study revealed that there is significant relationship between male and female Vocational and Technical Education lecturers on the extent of lecturers` awareness on the use of modern technological tools. The study as well revealed that there is significant relationship between the respondents on the challenges faced by Vocational and Technical Education lecturers in using modern technological tools for teaching and learning with respect to their years of experience. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that government through a relevant agencies like Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund) should assist in providing some adequate modern technological tools for Colleges of Education, school management should provide modern technological tools for the smooth running of teaching and learning, Seminars and Conferences on the use of modern technological tools be attended at an interval.

Assessment of Business Education Lecturers on Instructional Delivery in Colleges of Education in Kaduna and Kano State

The study assessed the business education lecturers on instructional delivery in colleges of education in Kaduna and Kano State. Two research questions guided the study and two null hypotheses were formulated and tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The population of the study comprised 32 business education lecturers from the Federal Colleges of Education, Kano (FCE Kano and FCE (T) Bichi), Kano State College of Education, Kumbosto, Federal College of Education, Zaria and Kaduna State College of Education, Gidan-Waya, Kaduna State. Since the population size is manageable, the researchers used all populations, and so, there was no sample size for the study. The researchers developed a structured questionnaire for data collection. The instrument was validated by two experts from the rank of senior lecturer and above from the business education department of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Cronbach Alpha method was used to test the reliability of the instrument which yielded a coefficient value of 0.90. Mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the two null hypotheses formulated for the study at a significance of the level of 0.05. The findings revealed among others that Business education lecturers give prompt feedback on students learning outcomes. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that, the college authority should employ more lecturers in the area of business education programmes for comprehensive curriculum delivery to the students.

Does Servant Leadership Stimulate Work Engagement? The Moderating Role of Trust in the Leader.

A positive leadership style can promote work engagement. Using social exchange theory, this study examines the impact of employee leadership styles on work engagement. In addition, the link also considered the mitigating role of trust in leaders. Preliminary data were collected from the educational and non-educational staff of the Business Management Sciences and Education Department at different universities. We collected responses from 242 employees from selected universities using the purposive sampling technique. We tested the proposed hypothesis using linear regression. Research has shown that there is a positive link between employee leadership and work engagement. When trust in leaders as facilitators was introduced, the relationship between leadership and work engagement was relaxed to increase trust in leaders. Practical and theoretical contributions to the study were provided with recommendations for further study.