Dental Piece Research Articles

Candida spp. Carrying in Post-exodontia Sutures of Retained Third Molars

Background: When sutures are removed, bacteriemia and infections of odontological origin may cause bacterial endocarditis and other diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the colonization by Candida species in sutures after extraction of retained third molars as well as to examine the influence of the position of the dental piece and the material used in sutures. Methods: A total of 56 male and female patients aged 21 - 55 years and with retained lower third molars were examined. Suture threads were removed a week later, and yeasts were isolated and grown in differential chromogenic medium and in Sabouraud dextrose agar. Results: Out of 56 patients, 16 (28.57%) were found to carry some species of the yeast of genus Candida. The predominant species was C. albicans (23.20%), followed by C. parapsilosis complex (5.40%). Although 19 out of 33 patients (57,58%) tested negative, the yeasts were detected in the vertical position of the teeth of 14 patients (42.42%). The horizontal and mesioangular position carried the yeasts in 12.50, and 8.33% of the patients, respectively, while the distoangular position was yeast-negative. No significant difference was observed among the different positions. Yeasts were detected in 9 out of 26 patients (34.61%) with nylon threads and in 7 out of 30 patients (23.33%) with silk threads. According to the results from statistical analysis, no significant difference was found between the materials. Conclusions: The post-extraction suture threads of retained third molars were found to carry some species of the genus Candida. Candida albicans was the predominant species, followed by C. parapsilosis. The vertical position of the molar tended to carry yeasts to a greater degree than the horizontal and mesiangular one, although it was not statistically significant. No significant differences were detected between nylon and silk suture threads either.

Prevalence of dental anomalies of size and shape, in pediatric patients aged 6 to 17 years of the city of huánuco 2019-2022

To determine the prevalence of dental anomalies of size and shape in patients aged 6 to 17 years, treated in Huánuco from 2019 to 2022. The study was descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional with a sample of 362 Panoramic radiographs of patients 6 to 17 years of age. I make detailed observations for each observation sheet, the patient's age, sex, dental shape and size alterations, the type of dentition presented, the affected quadrant and the type of dental piece. A higher prevalence of dental anomaly of shape was found with 85.10% (308) and of size with 14.9% (54). In relation to the quadrant, the tooth with rhizomycorrhexis presented the highest prevalence with 18.5% (10) in quadrant II while macrodontia presented 13.0% (7) in quadrant I and II, while the shape alteration of the shovel tooth presented the highest prevalence in quadrant II with 24.5% (76). There is a higher prevalence of shape anomalies as opposed to size anomalies that were less prevalent in the research work, being the female sex and the age group 11 to 17 years the most prevalent.

Reduction of NrF2 as coadjuvant during the development of persistent periapical lesions.

Persistent periapical lesions (PPL) are the result of pulpar necrosis induced by bacterial infection resulting in bone degradation and culminating with the loss of dental piece. Pathological changes in the peripapice are associated with the presence of free radicals. The transcription factor Nrf2 is the main regulator of the endogenous antioxidant response against oxidative stress and has been implicated in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis.The aim is to determine the oxidative condition in samples from patients with Persistent Periapical Injuries as a detonating factor of tissue damage. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in samples with PPL (cases) and samples by removal of third molars (controls) obtained in the clinic of the specialty in endodontics, University of Guadalajara. Samples were submitted to histological staining with Hematoxylin-Eosin, lipoperoxide analysis, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione-Peroxidase (GPx) and Catalase (CAT) activities were determined by immunoenzymatic assays and NrF2 by Western Blot analysis. Samples from PPL patients histologically showed an increased presence of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils, as well as a decrease in extracellular matrix proteins and fibroblast cells. There was a rise in lipid peroxidation, GPx and SOD activities, but an important decline (36%) in Catalase activity was observed (p<0.005); finally, NrF2-protein was diminished at 10.41%. All comparisons were between cases vs controls. The alterations in antioxidants endogenous NrF2-controlled are related to osseous destruction in patients with PPL.

Selección de color dentario utilizando espectrofotometría y método visual. Revisión Bibliográfica.

The demand for esthetic dentistry in clinical practice has been steadily increasing. When a dental piece is rehabilitated, it is very important to restore both the morpho-functional characteristics as well as the aesthetic appearance.

Efecto del extracto de cramberry sobre la capacidad adhesiva de la placa dental en dientes de niños de 10 años del colegio Horacio Morales Delgado. Arequipa-Peru 2016.

OBJETIVOS: Los objetivos de la presente investigación fue determinar el efecto del cranberry sobre la capacidad adhesiva de la placa dental en los niños del colegio Horacio Morales de la ciudad de Arequipa Perú. METODOLOGIA Y METODOS: Para esta investigación se probó el extracto de cranberry en 17 niños de 10 años del colegio Horacio Morales Delgado de Arequipa Perú. Esta investigación tuvo una duración de dos días, el primer día se procedió al cepillado de dientes a los niños los cuales permanecieron durante una hora sin ingesta de alimentos, al término de la cual se les tomo el índice de placa dental (grupo control). El segundo día se procedió también al cepillado de dientes a los niños e inmediatamente se les aplico el extracto de Cranberry como un colutorio, después de una hora sin haber ingerido ningún alimento ni bebidas, se les tomo el índice de placa dental. RESULTADOS: Los resultados obtenidos de la evaluación fueron medidos con el índice de placa dental el cual tiene valores de 0, 1 ,2, 3; dependiendo de cuanta placa se encuentre en la pieza dental (Índice de placa de Silness y Loe). El índice de placa dental promedio en los dientes de niños no tratados con el extracto de Cranberry y solo cepillados con pasta profiláctica fue 1.18. El índice de placa dental promedio en los dientes de niños tratados con el extracto de Cranberry fue de 0.18. Los resultados evidencian un contraste muy significativo en los dos días del experimento, llegando a la conclusión que usando el extracto de Cranberry reduce notoriamente el nivel de placa dental adherida al esmalte de las piezas dentales.

Managment of the mandibular dentigerous cyst plus rigid bone fixation, Presentation of a case

The objective of this article is to present the management of a patient diagnosed with a mandibular dentigerous cyst. The present case deals with a 14-year-old male patient, without relevant antecedents who attended the SERODU dental clinic, a radiolucent shadow between the dental pieces 42, 44 and 45 was included in the computerized axial tomography with the part piece No. 43 included in the symphysis of the mandibular region, horizontal position of the dental piece, the crown towards the distal and its root towards the medial with complete formation. At the crown level, a well-defined radiolucent shadow can be observed with a radiopaque halo, compatible with a dentigerous cyst. Therefore, it was decided to carry out the endodontic treatment in the dental pieces 43,44,45, subsequently the enucleation of the lesion, elimination of the dental piece, curettage and rigid bone fixation were performed, to avoid pathological complications of adjacent structures such as fracture mandibular due to the size of the lesion. A histopathological diagnosis of dentigerous cyst was obtained. At the thirty-day control, a radiopaque area compatible with bone regeneration was observed radiographically, with a radiolucent halo separating with the original basal bone. Enucleation and rigid bone fixation is an effective treatment technique to eliminate the lesion that turned out to be benign.

Age and Sequence of Emergence of Permanent Teeth in a Population of Costa Rican Schoolchildren

The aim of this study was to determine the average age and sequence of eruption of permanent dentition in the school population of the province of Cartago, Costa Rica. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study included children between the ages of 5 and 12 from public and private schools. Clinical examination was performed, and the presence or absence of permanent teeth recorded. Statistical analysis: An estimation of means of eruption was used through binary variables, building the probabilities of the presence of a dental piece through a logistic regression. Results: 833 children were examined: 433 (51.90%) girls and 400 (48.10%) boys. The permanent teeth erupt first in the female sex; however, this difference is not statistically significant. The maxilla eruption sequence for girls was 6-1-2-4-3-5-7 on both sides; for boys, the sequence of eruption was 6-1-2-4-5-3-7 for the right side and 6-1-2-4-3-5-7 for the left side. In the jaw, the sequence in boys was 6-1-2-3-4-5-7, and in girls, 1-6-2-3-4-5-7. Conclusions: For the first time, at the Central American Level, the pattern of permanent dentition eruption could be established. The age of permanent dental eruption does not vary according to sex in this population.

Teeth osteometry as tool for studying social complexity: Evaluating white-tailed deer hunting sustainability at Nueva Esperanza, Colombia

Examining archaeological remains of animals may aid in understanding complex social interactions among pre-Hispanic societies and their access to protein sources. We study the agro-pottery groups that inhabited Sabana de Bogotá in Colombia during the Herrera (400 BC–200 AD), Early Muisca (200 AD–1000 AD) and Late Muisca (1000 AD–1600 AD) periods. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; Zimmerman, 1780) was the most common protein in the diet of these communities. The relative abundance of white-tailed deer remains can be used as an index for the economies of pre-Hispanic societies. This study analyzes changes in prey proportion by age group to evaluate consumption sustainability. An osteometric analysis is used to determine the age of the deer. As entire jaws are infrequent in the archaeological record, this investigation proposes a methodology using measures of the height of the dental pieces that are more likely to be found in archaeological sites. We analyze 512 O. virginianus dental pieces obtained from the Nueva Esperanza site, and we present evidence of the three periods and a reference table that matches the height of each dental piece to the individual's age group. The osteometric analysis reveals that height measurements are a good indicator to establish the age class of each individual, which was assigned to one of four categories: infantile, young, adult, and old adult. The results suggest that deer hunting intensified as the population grew during the Early Muisca period; however, this did not entail resource scarcity.

Nivel de afectación en piezas dentales causada por la descalcificación.

El presente proyecto se enfoca en el desarrollo de un aplicativo orientado para el uso odontológico debido al aumento en el número de personas que sufren algún tipo de lesión o patología en su cavidad bucal, actualmente muy pocos médicos hacen uso de los avances de la tecnología, por esto se pretende realizar un aplicativo el cual permita determinar datos más exactos sobre el nivel de afectación de una pieza dental a causa de la descalcificación.

Principales causas de exodoncia en pacientes entre los 34 y 44 años que acuden al centro de salud Mocha, Tungurahua.

La investigación tiene como objetivo determinar las principales causas de exodoncia en pacientes adultos jóvenes entre los 34 y 44 años. Se realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo, de noviembre 2018 a mayo 2019 en el Centro de Salud de Mocha, Tungurahua, Ecuador; se revisaron Historias Clínicas Odontológicas de 40 pacientes que fueron tratados con exodoncias y se seleccionaron por muestreo estratificado aleatorio proporcional. Se realizó un análisis documental donde se interpretó y organizó la información existente según las variables operacionalizadas como las principales causas de exodoncias. Se identificó una alta incidencia de extracciones dentales, con mayor solicitud por el género femenino, así como las principales causas por los que el paciente decidió hacerse la exodoncia de la pieza dental.

Prevalencia de las extracciones prematuras en niños menores a 8 años.

Se considera pérdida prematura de un diente temporal cuando ocurre antes de su exfoliación natural siendo el único tratamiento viable la extracción de los dientes afectados, a pesar de los tratamientos preventivos odontológico, las extracciones dentales prematuras siguen siendo un procedimiento frecuente en la práctica odontológica. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de las extracciones prematura en niños menores a 8 años, identificando causas y efectos que produces estos procedimientos quirúrgicos. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo bibliográfico - documental, observacional, de campo, de corte transversal, tipo exploratoria, descriptiva. Que acudieron al subcentro esperanza del Carmen, de agosto del 2018 a marzo del 2019; se utilizó la técnica de observación y él instrumento que se aplico es la recolección de datos que se realizó mediante una tabla de observación, los resultados se les aplicó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: se estudiaron 43 pacientes, 26 fueron hombres, 17 mujeres, se extrajeron 67 órganos dentales debido a que algunos pacientes se les realizo 3 a 4 extracciones dentales, siendo la caries dental la enfermedad que más afecto a los pacientes con un promedio de 18 niños seguida de las enfermedades periodontales con 13 niños y las fracturas dentales provocadas por diferentes enfermedades que fueron 12 niños mientras la edad más susceptible fue el rango de 6 años con 16 niños atendidos. Conclusiones: Se determinó mediante el estudio realizado que los niños de 6 años presentan con mayor frecuencia perdidas de sus piezas dentales temporales y Se identificó las causas más comunes de la pérdida prematura de las piezas dentarias que fueron las caries dentales seguidas de las enfermedades periodontales que si no son tratadas inmediatamente con el profesional conlleva a la perdida de la pieza dental.

PERICORONAL LESIONS OF UNERUPTED TEETH: EXPERIENCE IN 25 YEARS

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology and clinical concordance of pericoronal lesions of unerupted teeth in biopsies of the Oral Pathology Laboratory of Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (1991-2015). A retrospective study was performed. Request forms for anatomical-pathological examination and histopathological slides were assessed. Data registered included: Age, sex, dental piece, presumptive and definite diagnosis. The WHO Classification (2017) was used for cysts and odontogenic tumors Findings 270 pericoronal lesions were found (1.69% of the total). There was relationship between the diagnoses and association to teeth (p=0.021), but not with position of the teeth and sex. It was present more in second and third decade of life (range: 5-80 years). The main histopathological diagnoses were dentiger cyst (40%) and normal dental follicle (23.7%). About pericoronal lesions, they mainly were located in inferior third molars (35.93%) and superior canines (21.85%). The concordance between presumptive and definitive diagnosis is low (Kappa=0.2536). Conclusion No concordance was found between presumptive and definitive diagnosis, it is the reason why the histopathological study in pericoronal lesions is very important.

Use of the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in teeth with apical incomplete formation

We report the clinical case of an 8-year-old girl who came to the clinic with intense pain in dental piece 4.6. Periapical radiography was taken. The diagnosis was symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in young permanent tooth with incomplete apical formation in null stage 8. It was decided to perform the apicoformation treatment, using the (MTA) Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: as an apical stop. The radiographic controls were performed at 1, 3, 11, 35 months and Cone Bean tomography 43 months after the end of treatment. The patient presented absence of clinical symptoms and, radiographically, deposits of bone tissue were observed at the apical level

Treatment of internal perforating root resorption using bioceramic dentin substitute and coronary reconstruction with Bulk Fill resins: case report

Nonconventional duct treatment is reported in item 4.6 which shows internal perforating root resorption, which compromises the distal root, the use of a bioceramic dentin substitute cement called Biodentine as filling of said defect and its subsequent oral rehabilitation with Bulkfill condensable resin , patient is found with dental piece in function and asymptomatic. Key words: Root resorption, tomography. (Source: MeSH NLM)

Adhesión de fragmentos dentales con collage

Este artículo describe el caso clínico de un paciente de 19 años de edad, que recibió un golpe que produjo la fractura coronaria horizontal del incisivo central superior con exposición del paquete vásculo nervioso. La fractura involucró lesiones en los tejidos duros del diente, sin afectar el surco gingival y tejidos blandos. Dentro del plan de tratamiento se estableció realizar tratamiento endodóntico de la pieza 1.1, cementación de un poste de fibra de vidrio, y la unión de este y el fragmento dental mediante un sistema adhesivo y el uso de una resina compuesta, con el fin de preservar la pieza dental manteniendo su salud periodontal, estética y funcionalidad. En el control a los seis meses después de realizado el tratamiento se pudo observar que existía estabilidad de color, buena salud periodontal además de función masticatoria adecuada.

A novel non-surgical method for mild peri-implantitis- a multicenter consecutive case series

AimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect on peri-implant mucosal inflammation from the use of a novel instrument made of chitosan in the non-surgical treatment of mild peri-implantitis across several clinical centers.Materials and methodsIn this 6-month multicenter prospective consecutive case series performed in six different periodontal specialist clinics, 63 implants in 63 patients were finally included. The subjects had mild peri-implantitis defined as radiographic bone loss of 1–2 mm, pocket probing depth (PPD) ≥4 mm and a positive bleeding on probing (mBoP) score. The patients were clinically examined at baseline and after 2, 4, 12 and 24 weeks, and radiographs were taken at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. Treatment of the implants with the chitosan brush seated in an oscillating dental drill piece was performed at baseline and at 3 months. Reductions in the clinical parameters (PPD and mBoP) were compared between baseline and the later examination time points.ResultsSignificant reductions in both PPD and mBoP were observed at all time points compared with the baseline clinical measurements (p < 0.001). The mean PPD and mBoP at baseline were 5.15 mm (4.97; 5.32) and 1.86 (1.78; 1.93), respectively, whereas the mean PPD and mBoP at 6 months were 4.0 mm (3.91; 4.19) and 0.64 (0.54; 0.75), respectively. Stable reductions in PPD and mBoP were evident up to 6 months after the initial treatment and 3 months after the second treatment. All 63 implants were reported to have stable radiographic levels of osseous support.ConclusionsThis case series demonstrated that an oscillating chitosan brush is safe to use and seems to have merits in the non-surgical treatment of dental implants with mild peri-implantitis. To measure the effectiveness of the method, a multicenter randomized clinical trial needs to be undertaken.

AMS-14C analysis of modern teeth: A comparison between two sample preparation techniques

AMS-14C analysis of modern teeth has become important for forensic studies. 14C content in human teeth reflects the 14C atmospheric concentration during its formation and allows the calculation of the actual year of birth. Through AMS, it is possible to measure the 14C concentrations in a tissue with high precision. However, there is a debate about which should be the best fraction for teeth carbon dating: collagen or enamel. This work focuses on the results obtained from enamel and collagen extracted from Mexican people in order to compare them. Collagen from dental pieces donated from people older than 60-years-old have been included to understand the turnover process and usefulness of collagen to determine the date of birth. Our results indicate that when a single dental piece is available, enamel method allows the determination of the tooth formation date. Dating collagen of the same tooth helps to discriminate if the formation date belongs to the left or the right side of the peak bomb, but also corroborates, the ages obtained through enamel analysis.

Tratamiento Odontológico en Paciente con Trastorno de Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad

El Trastorno de Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) es una de las alteraciones del neurodesarrollo más frecuentes en la infancia, presentándose hasta en un 12% de la población a nivel mundial. El TDAH se caracteriza por manifestaciones de hiperactividad, inatención e impulsividad, así como alteraciones en el sueño y daño en las funciones de ejecución.Presentación del Caso: Paciente femenino de 10 años de edad con diagnóstico de TDAH actualmente en tratamiento, y que padece fobia hacia los médicos, acude a consulta para valoración y atención odontológica, presentando lesiones cariosas en diversas piezas dentales y una pieza dental retenida (21).El tratamiento fue llevado a cabo utilizando técnicas mínimamente invasivas, con técnicas de manejo de conducta como Tell-Show-Do y reforzamiento positivo.Conclusión: El resultado fue altamente satisfactorio, ya que se logró elevar la calidad de vida de la paciente, disminuyendo sus niveles de ansiedad, logrando restaurar su cavidad bucal y mejorando el perímetro de arco, para así poder ser referida a tratamiento de ortodoncia, otorgándole un estado de salud bucal óptimo.

Modelling the longevity of dental restorations by means of a CBR system.

The lifespan of dental restorations is limited. Longevity depends on the material used and the different characteristics of the dental piece. However, it is not always the case that the best and longest lasting material is used since patients may prefer different treatments according to how noticeable the material is. Over the last 100 years, the most commonly used material has been silver amalgam, which, while very durable, is somewhat aesthetically displeasing. Our study is based on the collection of data from the charts, notes, and radiographic information of restorative treatments performed by Dr. Vera in 1993, the analysis of the information by computer artificial intelligence to determine the most appropriate restoration, and the monitoring of the evolution of the dental restoration. The data will be treated confidentially according to the Organic Law 15/1999 on 13 December on the Protection of Personal Data. This paper also presents a clustering technique capable of identifying the most significant cases with which to instantiate the case-base. In order to classify the cases, a mixture of experts is used which incorporates a Bayesian network and a multilayer perceptron; the combination of both classifiers is performed with a neural network.

Desplazamiento accidental de la tercera molar inferior impactada al espacio faríngeo lateral

Se reporta accidente inusual de desplazamiento de tercera molar inferior al espacio faríngeo lateral izquierdo, en paciente femenino de 21 años de edad, localizado mediante el examen tomográfico. Para la remoción de la pieza dentaria, se utilizó anestesia local (lidocaína al 2 % con epinefrina 1:100 000), se realizó incisión desde distal de la pieza 3,7 continuando por el reborde alveolar hasta la apófisis coronoides y mediante disección roma, se logró encontrar la pieza dentaria, la cual fue prensada y removida con pinza hemostática. Se concluye que debe realizarse una valoración de la posible complejidad en la exodoncia de las terceras molares y derivar al especialista los casos de moderada y alta complejidad para evitar complicaciones.