Dental Implant Therapy Research Articles

Systemic Factors in Dental Implant Therapy

Objective: Dental implant therapy has emerged as a reliable and widely accepted solution for rehabilitating partially or fully edentulous patients. This review aims to explore the evolution of dental implant success metrics and the critical patient-related factors influencing implant outcomes. Background: Dental implants have undergone significant advancements since the clinical success reports in the 1970s and 1980s. The initial focus on long-term implant survival has expanded to include considerations of aesthetics, functionality, and patient satisfaction. These developments have been driven by the advent of improved implant surfaces, innovative surgical techniques, and a more comprehensive understanding of success criteria. Significance: Modern dentistry requires more than providing functional solutions for missing teeth. Patients now demand long-lasting aesthetic and functional outcomes that align with enhanced quality of life and their overall health. Thus, dental professionals must navigate a range of systemic, anatomical, and physiological factors when planning implant therapy. Conclusion: Delivering successful dental implant treatment necessitates a thorough understanding of patient-specific variables, including health conditions, longevity, and expectations. By addressing these factors, clinicians can optimize outcomes, ensuring patient satisfaction and treatment longevity.

A Systematic Review of Antibiotic Use in Dental Implant Therapy: Efficacy, Guidelines, and Recommendations

Objective: The objective of this research is to respond to that specific question: Are antibiotics needed for the placement of dental implants? Methods: A systematic search was done, and the selected studies were pooled from MEDLINE/PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases up to March 2022. Articles in which the main objective was to evaluate the relationship between antibiotics and dental implants were selected. The first search was done with Medline and Cochrane Library. Results: A total of 17 articles were finally included in the present review. Four clinical trials (CTs), two reviews, and eleven systematic reviews (SR); six of them with meta-analysis. Conclusion: Antibiotics may be used in dental implants to prevent or treat infections that may occur after implant surgery. The type and duration of antibiotic therapy depend on the patient’s medical history, the type of implant surgery being performed, and other factors. However, the use of antibiotics in dental implant surgery is debatable, and it is important to note that antibiotics should not be used routinely in dental implant surgery. Overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance which can make it harder to treat infections in the future. Thus, antibiotics should only be used when necessary and prescribed by a qualified healthcare professional.

Partial Extraction Therapy (Part 2): Complication Management in Full-Arch Dental Implant Therapy.

Partial extraction therapy (PET) is a group of surgical techniques that preserves the periodontium and peri-implant tissues during restorative and implant therapy by conserving a portion of the patient's own root structure to maintain blood supply derived from the periodontal ligament complex. PET includes the socket shield technique (SST), proximal shield technique (PrST), pontic shield (PtST), and root submergence technique (RST). Although their clinical success and benefits have been demonstrated, several studies report possible complications. The focus of this article is to highlight management strategies for the most common complications associated with PET including internal root fragment exposure, external root fragment exposures, and root fragment mobility.

Partial Extraction Therapy (Part 1): Applications in Full-Arch Dental Implant Therapy.

Partial extraction therapy (PET) is a set of surgical techniques that preserve a portion of the patient's own root structure to maintain blood supply derived from the periodontal ligament complex in order to maintain the periodontium and peri-implant tissues during restorative and implant therapy. PET includes the socket shield technique (SST), proximal shield technique (PrST), pontic shield technique (PtST), and root submergence technique (RST). In a traditional hybrid technique, total extraction and full-arch dental implant therapy often require significant bone reduction and palatal/lingual implant placement. In addition, postextraction preservation of the ridge architecture is a major challenge. This case series demonstrates the use of a combination of PET techniques with digital implant planning and guided implant surgery to achieve highly esthetic outcomes in full-arch implant therapy.

Evaluation of Awareness and Attitude on Dental Implant Therapy among Patients Visiting a Dental College

Evaluation of Awareness and Attitude on Dental Implant Therapy among Patients Visiting a Dental College

Should the Quality of Glycemic Control Guide Dental Implant Therapy in Patients with Diabetes? Focus on Implant Survival.

Optimal glycemic control is crucial to dental implant long-term functional and esthetic success. Despite HbA1c levels of 7% or lower used is as an indicator for good glycemic control, however, this level may not be attainable for all diabetic patients. Most dentists do not consider patients with poor glycemic control candidates for implant therapy due to higher implant failure, infection or other complications. This review challenges the concept of one size fits all and aims to critically appraise the evidence for the success or failure rate of dental implants and peri-implant health outcomes in patients with less than optimal glycemic control. Evidence suggests that estimating glycemic control from HbA1c measurement alone is misleading. Moreover, elevated preoperative HbA1c was not associated with increased mortality and morbidity after major surgical procedures. Literature for the survival or success of implants in diabetic patients is inconsistent due to a lack of standardized reporting of clinical data collection and outcomes. While a number of studies report that implant treatment in patients with well controlled diabetes has a similar success rate to healthy individuals, other studies suggest that the quality of glycemic control in diabetic patients does not make a difference in the implant failure rate or marginal bone loss. This discrepancy could indicate that risk factors other than hyperglycemia may contribute to the survival of implants in diabetic patients. In the era of personalized medicine, the clinician should utilize individualized information and analyze all risk factors to provide the patient with evidence-based treatment options.

Comparison of Clinical Parameters in Dental Implant Therapy between Implant Site Development Using Porcine- and Bovine-Derived Xenografts

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of two xenografts, i.e., porcine- and bovine-derived xenografts, on dental implant therapy after implant site development. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved adults who underwent dental implantation between January 2012 and December 2020. Various patient and implant-site characteristics were collected from the patient records. The implant-surgery clinical parameters of the porcine- and bovine-derived xenografts used for implant site development were analyzed and compared. Results: A total of 116 subjects with 168 dental implants were included in this study. There was less soft bone in the porcine bone group of the maxilla. However, there was less soft bone and a greater percentage of “primary stability ≥35 N” in the bovine bone group of the mandible. However, no significant differences in regrafting rate, post-operative infection rate, or implant survival rate were found between the bovine and porcine bone groups. Conclusion: The effects of implant site development using bovine- and porcine-origin xenografts are comparable in terms of the implant-therapy clinical parameters, including the regrafting rate and implant survival rate. Thus, the choice of xenografts could be made according to the patient’s religious requirements. However, the reported results should be used with caution, considering the limitations of this retrospective study.

Review of the radiographic modalities used during dental implant therapy - A narrative

The introduction of digital x-ray receivers which replaced conventional films was a significant radiographic development that is commonly used in daily dental practice. Dental implant therapy (DIT) is a sought after dental therapeutic intervention and dental radiography is an essential component contributing to the success of treatment. Dental radiographs taken in daily practice are generally conventional two-dimensional images and/or three-dimensional images. Ideally, the choice of radiographic technique should be determined after a thorough clinical examination and comprehensive consideration of the advantages, indications, and drawbacks. Digital three-dimensional modalities that have emerged over the last decade have been incorporated into DIT with the assumption that treatment outcomes will be improved. These modalities are constantly being reassessed and improved but there is a paucity of published information regarding the assessment of variables such as dosages and dimensional accuracy, suggesting that further research in these matters is necessary. This is crucial in order to obtain evidence-based information that may influence future radiographic practices. In this narrative, the authors present the most commonly used dental radiographic modalities currently used in DIT.

Keratinized Tissue Assessment for Dental Implant Therapy

Although overall failure rates in implant dentistry are low,1 peri-implant diseases have been recognized as a common biologic complication that can reduce the long-term success of dental implants.2 A recent systematic review and meta-analysis reported prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis to be at 65% and 47%, respectively.3 Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are biofilm-associated, inflammatory conditions of peri-implant tissues.4 There has been significant evidence implying the role of bacterial plaque in the initiation of inflammatory responses in the gingiva of natural teeth as well as peri-implant mucosa.5,6 Peri-implant disease etiology is multi factorial in nature,7 and numerous factors may contribute to plaque accumulation and subsequent inflammation, playing a role as risk indicators for the development of peri-implant disease.

Treatment of Some Difficult Cases in Prosthodontics Clinic

The objective of complete denture prosthodontics is restoration of function, esthetic, and the maintenance ofpatient’s health to ultimately improve Quality of life of patient. Continuous diminution of the denture foundationafter extraction and healing, have made evolution of various treatment modalities, including dental implanttherapy, as a means to improve the denture foundation and biomechanics of prosthesis support, retention, andstability.Objective: The objective of this review to show some simple non-invasive solutionsto treat some difficult casesin prosthodontics.Conclusion: Many difficult cases in prosthodontics can treat by simple non-invasive treatment and cheap, suchas treatment of patient with heavy resorbed lower ridge with conventional complete denture using the neutralzone approach, treatment of patient with partially edentulous patient with tooth supported over-denture, andfinally, treatment of patient with bilateral undercuts on the buccal aspect of the maxillary tuberosity by soft linerat the boundaries in the area of undercut.

Perception of Patients of their Quality of Life after Dental Implant Therapy

Perception of Patients of their Quality of Life after Dental Implant Therapy

Effect of Verbal and Visual Information on the Level of Anxiety among Dental Implant Patients

To compare the effect of visual information and verbal communication on the level of anxiety among patients undergoing dental implant (DI) therapy. A total of 270 patients who were undergoing DI treatment were recruited for the study. An equal number of patients (n = 90) were randomly allocated into three study groups which were formed on the basis of the mode of delivery. Subjects in group I received verbal information, whereas patients in group II were shown a video of surgery on manikins. Group III subjects were made to watch a video of surgery on a real patient. Before the surgery, anxiety levels were measured for all patients using the modified Corah dental anxiety scale (MDAS). Questionnaires were filled by all patients and were later analyzed. The values of Cronbach's α and the behavioral involvement subscale were 0.89 and 0.91, indicating hemogeneous sample. Patients of group I showed significantly reduced anxiety levels (p < 0.01) followed by groups II and III. Verbal information generated less anxiety than visual information on patients undergoing DI therapy. To assess the best method of information delivery to dental implant patients in which their anxiety will be minimal.

Evaluation of Effect of Bisphosphonates on Dental Implant Therapy in Postmenopausal Women Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Osteoporosis is one of the diseases which show significant bone mass reduction especially in post menopausal women. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of Bisphosphonates (BP) on alveolar bone and dental implant therapy in women after menopause. The present study was conducted on 30 postmenopausal women who received at least one dental implant in the last 5 years. Group I comprised of 15 patients who were on BP therapy for 1.5 years, and group II consisted of 15 patients who were on parathyroid hormone (PTH). Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone thickness were assessed in both groups. Group I had 3.85% and group II had 3.15% of dental implants failures. BMD of cortical bone was 1552± 145 mg/mL and 1012 ± 94 mg/mL in groups I and II respectively. BMD of cancellous bone was 80 ± 15 mg/mL and 104 ± 72 mg/mL in group I and group II respectively. The difference was significant (p < 0.05). Cortical bone thickness was 2.5 ± 0.6 mm in group I and 2.2 ± 0.8 mm in group II. The difference was non-significant (p >0.05). There was a reduction in BMD (mg/mL) of cortical and cancellous bone. There was an increase in cortical bone thickness with the use of BPs over the years. The difference was significant (p < 0.05). There was a decrease in bone mineral density of both cortical and cancellous bone in both groups. There was increase cortical bone thickness on prolonging use of BPs. Patients on BPs therapy should be carefully evaluated both clinically and radiographically before dental implant treatment as these agents affect the quantity and quality of cortical bone especially in the posterior mandibular region in patients with osteoporosis.

Considerations in Dental Implant Therapy of Elderly Patients

Considerations in Dental Implant Therapy of Elderly Patients

Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Septa Prior to Dental Implant Therapy: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Septa Prior to Dental Implant Therapy: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

Ten Years Follow-up after Dental Implant Therapy in Patient with a Chronic Periodontitis: A Case Report

Periodontal disease is characterized by progressive destruction of the periodontium, the alveolar bone and it is regarded as a leading cause of tooth loss in the adult population. These patients represent a unique group of potential candidates for dental implant therapy. A major consideration for the clinician is to determinate the influence of the disease on the placement and survival of implants, because according to the literature, patients with a history of periodontal disease, manifested significantly greater peri-implant marginal bone loss with a higher incidence of peri-implantitis and shorter longevity compared with periodontally healthy patients The objective of the present case study is to demonstrate the multidisciplinary treatment approach in a patient with a severe chronic periodontitis and the outcome of implant therapy after 10 years follow-up. The authors present a case of 53 years old women with chronic inflammatory periodontitis but stable periodontal status, due to effective anti-infective therapy. The operative phase included extraction of the hopeless teeth with immediate dental implant placement and immediate placement of provisional. The reevaluation demonstrated good control of the gingival inflammation and stable periodontal status of the remaining theeth.The subsequent implant and prosthetic treatment led to the restoration of a functional dentition without any periimplant mucositis or periimplant bone loss after 10 years follow-up. The conclusion, the long term success of the treatment of the complex cases with severe chronic periodontitis depends significantly upon the proper control of the periodontal infection and the achievement of a stable periodontal status of the residual dentition. With excellent functional and aesthetic results, without any periimplant mucositis or periimplant bone loss after 10 years follow-up.

The Effect of Common Local and Systemic Conditions on Dental Implant Osseointegration: A Review of Literature

Context: Although dental implant (DI) is an increasingly prevalent therapeutic approach in partial or complete edentulous patients, understanding the bone healing mechanisms and effective factors on it, is still necessary for us. The initial requirement in DI success rate is to achieve a proper wound healing, DI stability and desirable osseointegration, Thereby, assessment of all probable risk factors of DI treatment should be considered prior to a treatment plan. Evidence Acquisition: Literature searching was performed through electronic search in three data bases of MEDLINE, Google scholar and SCOPUS, and also manual search on available performed studies up to June 2013. Results: Though, there are multiple technique-related or patient-related local and systemic factors, which may interfere with proper osseointegration or compromise the long-term implant prognosis. There are just few absolute contraindications for DI therapy such as IV bisphosphonate therapy and severe renal failure. Conclusions: There are few absolute contraindications for DI treatment. As a whole, correct patient selection, and applying standard rules of surgical procedure and DI loading would lead to a successful DI treatment.

Dental Implant Therapy for a Child with X-linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia--Three Decades of Managed Care.

The aim was to report on oral rehabilitation of a boy with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) and anodontia of the mandible between ages 3 and 33 years where treatment involved dental implants and oral care management by a multidisciplinary team of specialists. This case history report describes the clinical management of a boy born in 1979 with XLHED and anodontia of the mandible. Two implants were successfully placed in the anterior region of the mandible in 1985. Genetic analysis later verified the diagnosis by confirming a mutation in the EDA gene. The case description was based on review of the patient records and assessment of orofacial function. The patient had satisfactory orofacial appearance and function throughout his youth. He is still caries-free at age 33 and has experienced only minor oral complications. Dental management began at age 3, when he received a maxillary removable dental prosthesis. At age 7, he received a mandibular implant-supported overdenture. After two more implants in the mandible and orthodontic treatment in the maxilla, his oral rehabilitation was completed at age 22 with maxillary tooth-supported and mandibular implant-supported fixed dental prostheses. Regular follow-ups provided supervision of oral hygiene, caries prevention, and prosthetic maintenance. This long-term follow-up of a child with XLHED and anodontia in the mandible supports the use of dental implants, with consideration given to the dense bone quality associated with the diagnosis, to establish good orofacial function and appearance from childhood onward.

Dental Implant Therapy in Patients Affected by Oral Mucosal Diseases

have exacerbated the patient’s type 4 maxillary bone, compromised the healing capability, and consequently made implant surgery a challenge [12]. Ill-fitting dentures can cause vesiculobullous and ulcerative lesions. Prosthetic rehabilitation with implant-retained prostheses improves stabilization of the prosthesis in patients with PV and prevents formation of such lesions. We previously reported that this treatment choice could be considered as a good alternative for removable complete dentures in PV patients [13].

Clinical outcomes of dental implant therapy in alveolar cleft patients: a systematic review.

The purpose of this report was to evaluate data from published articles to determine the success and effectiveness of advanced bone grafting and dental implant therapy in alveolar cleft patients. A MEDLINE (PubMed) search was conducted of articles published in English without limits regarding year of publication. Bone grafting, implant survival and success rates, marginal bone resorption, esthetic outcomes, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. Screening of eligible studies, quality assessment, and data interpretation were conducted by two reviewers independently. Seven retrospective and four prospective clinical studies were selected and analyzed. In all, 484 dental implants in 377 participants were investigated. The mean survival rate was 91.5% ± 4.77% with a mean follow-up of 54.3±24.7 months. One hundred eleven of the 257 patients (43.1% ± 31.6%) with inadequate bone volume following initial bone grafting received secondary and/or tertiary bone grafting. The donor sites included the tibia, iliac crest, mandibular symphysis, and mandibular ramus. After dental implant placement, studies showed a difference in marginal bone loss around implants ranging from a mean of 0.28 mm with a 40-month follow-up to a mean of 3.5 mm with a 76-month follow-up. There were few data reporting the esthetic outcomes of implants; these focused on the loss of papillae and longer definitive restorations. Differing levels of evidence were available for clinical outcomes of dental implants in alveolar cleft patients. Treatment with dental implant therapy and bone grafting for patients with a history of alveolar clefts seems to be a predictable treatment option in the short term (< 5 years). However, more long-term (> 5 years) data for implant success rates and peri-implant clinical parameters are needed.