Dental Hygiene Behaviors Research Articles

Powtoon Media in the Whatsapp Group Application on Dental Hygiene Behavior in Primary School Children

Preventive measures such as brushing teeth are still considered not good for children. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health's Data and Data Center in 2018, it was stated that tooth brushing behavior based on age groups in Indonesia, namely the daily brushing behavior of children aged 10-14 years, had a percentage of 96.5% with the percentage of correct tooth brushing time being 2.1%. Riskesdas states that the percentage of brushing teeth correctly is 2.8%. Promotional efforts that can be made are Dental Health Education. Apart from being carried out on children, this effort can also be carried out on parents, especially mothers. Powtoon as a multimedia application that can be used as a learning medium has several advantages, including very interesting animation features such as handwritten animation, cartoon animation and lively transition effects as well as easy timeline management. The research method and stages are development research to produce media products, then to see the effect of media use, a quasi-experimental method with one group pretest and posttest design is used. Research Results: Powtoon media for dental health education because of FGD with media experts, health promotion experts and dental health promotion media has been created with the results of expert validation and declared suitable for use as a media for Dental Health Education. Test the influence of powtoon media on children's teeth brushing practices and parents' knowledge using Wilcoxon test analysis with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.005, which means there is a significant influence.

Potential Factors of Dental Health Behavior as a Predictor of Dental Caries Status in Visually Impaired Children: A Pilot Study.

This study aimed to explain the potential factors of dental and oral hygiene behavior as a predictor of dental caries status in children with visual impairments. The prevalence of dental caries in visually impaired children was investigated through a cross-senal study conducted at a visually impaired special needs elementary school in Jakarta, Indonesia. The study included 25 visually impaired children aged 6-12 years, with dental caries status examined using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT)/dmft index according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Data were collected through comprehensive interviews involving the completion of 13 WHO Annex questions. The result showed that the overall prevalence of dental caries in visually impaired children was 64%, with an average dmft/DMFT of 2.24/0.96. Some of the factors that significantly influence the dental caries status in children with visual impairments aged 6-12 years include visiting the dentist [p = 0.029, 0.05, Pearson's Chi-square, confidence interval (CI) 95%] and the need for care (p = 0.002, 0.05, Pearson's Chi-square, CI 95%). In conclusion, the majority of visually impaired children have dental caries, which is influenced by factors, such as visiting the dentist and the need for treatment. Visiting the dentist regularly and knowing the need for the treatment are the important factors in preventing of dental caries. How to cite this article: Darwita RR, Mayasari Y, Danaswari PVS, et al. Potential Factors of Dental Health Behavior as a Predictor of Dental Caries Status in Visually Impaired Children: A Pilot Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(2):174-179.

Assessing Factors Influencing Dental Visits: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Background: Regular dental examinations are a fundamental component in maintaining optimal oral health. The transitional period from adolescents to young adulthood frequently brings about shifts in one’s dental hygiene practices. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) underscores the importance of intentionality in health-related actions, suggesting a direct correlation between the strength of one’s intent and the likelihood of performing the behavior. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of TPB in explaining dental visit behaviors. Methods: An instrument was adapted for a college student population which examined constructs of the TPB, oral health knowledge, and expected social outcomes. The survey was administered electronically and available for a 3-week period. Results: A total of 370 individuals completed the survey. All constructs of the TPB displayed univariate significance. However, only subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of dental visits when accounting for other predictors in the model. Oral health knowledge and expected social outcomes were not significant predictors. Conclusion: Dental hygiene behaviors among college students progressively decline throughout college. Universities should carefully consider improving availability of dental hygiene resources on-campus. Dental health education can be enhanced to promote the importance of dental hygiene throughout one’s time in college.

The Use of Monitoring Cards is Effective In Improving Dental And Mouth Cleanliness and The Behavior of Deaf Children

Problem statement : The limitations that deaf children have in hearing, result in cognitive information processing disorders, namely limitations in receiving, storing, and re-disclosing information as an understanding, being able to explore and add information about something (especially about dental and oral health. The role of people Parents are very necessary in maintaining children's health, especially dental and oral hygiene because deaf children are still dependent on their parents. Method: Pre Test and Post Test Control Group Design. The study population was students of Prof. Dr. Sri Soedewi Mschjun Sofwan, SH and their parents as the intervention group and students of SLB Negeri 1 Jambi City and their parents as the control group. In the intervention group, counseling was given and Monitoring Cards, while the control group was only given counseling. The measuring instrument used is PHPM. Children's behavior is seen by using a questionnaire. Analysis of the data to see the status of oral hygiene and student behavior in maintaining oral health with a pair t-test. Scientific finding results: The results showed that dental health education using a monitoring card was more effective in improving the status of dental and oral hygiene and dental health behavior in SLB children than not using a monitoring card. A short conclusion: The recommendation from this study is for parents to be more active in motivating their children to maintain oral and dental health by using a monitoring card so that the way their children brush their teeth will be better and correct.

Variables associated with oral health-related self-efficacy - results of a cross-sectional study.

Oral health-related self-efficacy (OH-SE) is pivotal for oral health and is associated with other oral-health related variables, such as dental fear and anxiety (DF/A) and dental hygiene behaviors (DHB). This study attempts to analyze associations between OH-SE and oral healthrelated variables in a German population to extend previous research by analyzing whether OH-SE can be predicted by these variables, as this might contribute to the development of treatment interventions. OH-SE, DF/A, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), self-perceived dental condition, satisfaction with general health, DHB, and socioeconomic status were assessed as a part of the Saxon Longitudinal Study in an adult sample (n = 309, 56.3% female, all Saxon secondary school 8th graders in 1987). The associations of OH-SE with these variables were examined by means of correlation, multiple linear regression analyses, and group comparisons. Significance (p), standardized regression coefficients (β), and effect size (Cohen's d) were calculated. The correlation analyses revealed increased OH-SE to be accompanied by low levels of DF/A, high levels of OHRQoL, high levels of self-perceived dental condition, increased satisfaction with general health and socioeconomic status (all r ≥ 0.142; all p ≤ 0.013). In the regression analysis, OH-SE was mainly predicted by self-perceived dental condition and satisfaction with general health (R2 = 0.157) as well as by daily frequency of toothbrushing, OHRQoL, and socioeconomic status on a trend-level basis. In the group comparisons OH-SE was lower in participants with moderate for manifest DF/A and higher in individuals with higher OHRQoL, better self-perceived dental condition, increased satisfaction with general health, increased daily frequency of toothbrushing, more dental appointments, and above-average socioeconomic status (trend level; all t ≥ 1.57; p ≤ 0.059). In this cross-sectional study, high levels of OH-SE were mainly predicted by general health as well as self-perceived dental condition. It was also associated with decreased DF/A, increased DHB, higher OHRQoL, and higher socioeconomic status. Future research should analyze these associations in longitudinal designs to address whether interventions focusing on adherence to good DHB improve (dental) health and thus OH-SE. This might be a promising approach, particularly in relation to the treatment of DF/A.

Increased Knowledge about Plaque and Tartar in Elementary School Students in Kesambi Village, Tegal Regency

Background: Dental and oral hygiene is a special concern for school-age children. Children who are not used to keeping their teeth and mouth clean will tend to experience dental problems. This problem begins when an imbalance of mineralization and demineralization in children causes microorganisms to enter the mouth. These microorganisms will stick to and develop on the teeth which begins with the appearance of plaque and tartar in children. Riskesdas 2018 data shows that 93% of children in Indonesia experience cavities. The data shows that the level of awareness to maintain dental and oral hygiene is still low, so educational efforts are needed to increase children's knowledge. This study provides media interventions in the form of posters, 3D media, and video playback to children to attract children's attention to understand and improve dental and oral hygiene behavior. Method: This research method uses an experimental method that is directly given to elementary school students in Kesambi Village, Tegal Regency. The number of students who participated in this was 55 people with an age range of 9 - 12 years. This research started by giving a questionnaire, then giving the material, and filling out the questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire will be processed and entered into the SPSS data. Result: Knowledge before and after the extension intervention has increased as evidenced by a significant increase. This is in accordance with the results of the p-value which shows 0.000, which means that there is a significant difference before and after penuluhan. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that counseling about children's plaque and tartar conducted on elementary school students in Kesambi Village is effective because it gets significant results.

PARENTS KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TO ORAL HYGIENE OF SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN

ABSTRACTBackground: Knowledge and attitudes of parents are important in underlying the formation of children's dental and oral hygiene behavior because parents are the foundation for children's behavior and also influence children's development and independence. The role and practice of parents can affect the dental and oral problems of special needs children which will increase when they are older. Purpose: Analyzing the relationship between parents’ knowledge and attitude toward oral hygiene of special needs children. Material And Methods: This study uses correlational analysis with a cross-sectional approach, the sampling technique is a simple random sampling technique. The study was held at SLB Negeri Samarinda with a total sample of 52 respondents using questionnaires to parents and examine children’s oral hygiene then the data were analyzed using the Spearman rank test. Results: Parent’s knowledge of (40,4%) in the moderate level, parent’s attitudes of (75%) in the positive category, and special need children’s oral hygiene of (55,8%) in the moderate category. The Spearman Rank test on parents’ knowledge obtained a significance of 0.000 (p<0,05) which means there is a relationship between parent knowledge toward oral hygiene of special needs children and the measurement of parent attitudes obtained a significance of 0.000 (p<0,05) which means there is a relationship between parent attitudes toward oral hygiene of special needs children Conclusion: The higher of knowledge and attitudes of parents toward oral hygiene, the better oral hygiene of special need children will.Keywords: Oral hygiene of special needs children, parent attitude, parent knowledge

Relationship between mother's oral health literacy level with oral hygiene behavior and self-reported oral health status in sociodemographic scope

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Oral Health Literacy (OHL) plays an important role in reducing the gap in promoting oral health. Oral health literacy of mothers is important due to maternal OHL can affect the family's oral health, especially in children. Sufficient OHL of mothers also help strengthen their capacities to improve their own and their children's oral health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the oral health literacy level of mothers and its relationship to the oral hygiene behavior and self-reported oral health status in the sociodemographic scope. Methods: The type of research was correlational analytics with cross-sectional techniques. The samples were 158 mothers, collected using purposive sampling in Parigi District, Pangandaran Regency. Data were collected using the Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD-14) questionnaires which had been cross-adapted and included questions to assess oral hygiene behaviors with the Indonesian version of the oral hygiene behavior index. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test and independent sample t-test. Results: The majority of mothers had a good educational level and did not get employment, and had a good level of oral health literacy, with an average score of 49.63±7.16. Dental hygiene behaviors were in the good category with a mean score of 3.13±0.82 and the results of self-assessment mostly stated that the oral and dental conditions were in a proper state. The results of the OHL correlation tests with oral hygiene behaviors and self-reported oral health status showed significant relations with low correlations (p=0.04; r=0.16) and (p=0.01; r=0.21). Conclusion: Mothers’ oral health literacy level is in good category and there are relations between oral dental health literacy with oral hygiene behaviors and self-reported oral health status.Keywords: oral health literacy, HeLD-14, oral hygiene behavior, sociodemographic, mother, oral health status

Oral hygiene and oral health behavior, periodontal complaints and oral health-related quality of life in pregnant women

ObjectivesThis questionnaire-based cross-sectional study aimed in the evaluation of oral hygiene and oral health behavior, periodontal complaints and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in pregnant women in southwest-Saxony, Germany.Materials and methodsConsecutive patients attending the clinics for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heinrich-Braun-Klinikum Zwickau, Germany, were recruited in the years 2020 and 2021. The evaluation consisted of three parts: (I) dental and oral hygiene behavior, (II) periodontal complaints and (III) German short form of oral health impact profile (OHIP G14) to assess OHRQoL.Results853 out of 1056 participants were included in the study. The pregnant women reported that they have received information on oral health during pregnancy more often from gynecologists than from dentists. Slightly more than half of the participants (51.5%) rated to regularly undergo a professional tooth cleaning. Similarly, nearly half of the women stated to perform interdental cleaning (55.8%). The most common periodontal complaint was bleeding of the gums (45.4%). The OHIP G14 findings of all questions as well as sum scores showed a median of 0. Regression analysis revealed that regular professional tooth cleaning was a predictor of better OHRQoL (β – 0.698, CI95 0.049–1.299; p < 0.04).ConclusionOral hygiene and oral health behavior of pregnant women in southwest-Saxony requires improvement. While the overall OHRQoL of the cohort was not reduced, professional tooth cleaning and thus professional preventive measures can support OHRQoL during pregnancy. Improved interdisciplinary oral health care concepts for pregnant women should be fostered. These concepts can also positively influence OHRQoL issues.

Dental Hygiene Behaviors among Young Adults: A Systematic Review of Surveys Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

ABSTRACT Background Dental diseases are associated with chronic health conditions and decreased psychological and sociological wellbeing. Young adulthood presents a pivotal stage as dental hygiene behaviors developed and practiced during this time persist into later life. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is a commonly used theoretical framework to examine intention to engage in dental behaviors. Purpose To systematically summarize research studies using TPB questionnaires to assess predictive factors of oral hygiene behaviors among young adult populations. Methods A four-phase article identification process ensured articles met the inclusion criteria. Quality appraisal assessments were used to evaluate questionnaire construction methodology. Results Twelve articles met the study’s inclusion criteria. Each study incorporated supplemental predictive factors such as oral health knowledge and expected social outcomes in addition to the TPB constructs. Discussion Evidence from this systematic review suggests that TPB is a useful theoretical framework for designing questionnaires that assess dental hygiene behaviors of young adults. Translation to Health Education Practice Health education specialists should administer oral hygiene behavior surveys that utilize TPB and TPB-related constructs to better understand factors associated with improved intentions toward dental hygiene behaviors among young adults.

Coffee and Tea Consumption and the Diversity of the Oral Microbiome in Postmenopausal Women

ObjectivesThe oral microbiome plays a central role in oral health. Coffee and tea are popular beverages, and their consumption may benefit health due to their polyphenol content. Impact of these beverages on the oral microbiome is not well understood; we examined associations of coffee and tea consumption with diversity of the oral microbiome among postmenopausal women.MethodsThis cross-sectional analysis used data from 1,124 postmenopausal women who participated in an ancillary study (1997–2001) of periodontal disease within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Frequency of consumption for coffee was categorized as < 1 cup/week (w) (n = 171), ≥1 cup/w to < 1 cup/day (d) (n = 220), ≥1 to ≤ 2 cups/d (n = 178), >2 to ≤ 3 cups/d (n = 344), >3 cups/d (n = 211), and for tea as < 1 cup/w (n = 229), ≥1 cup/w to < 1 cup/d (n = 528), ≥1 to ≤ 2 cups/d (n = 152), >2 cups/d (n = 215). The oral microbiome was assessed in subgingival plaque samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The microbiome operational taxonomic units (OTUs) data were transformed using the centered log-ratio transformation to account for the compositional data structure and reduce spurious associations with beverage intake. PERMANOVA was used to examine β-diversity (between-sample diversity) and ANOVA for α-diversity (within-sample diversity) of the microbiota across categories of coffee or tea. α-diversity was examined using OTU count, Chao1 Index, and Shannon Index. Models were adjusted for age, race, education, smoking status, body mass index, diabetes, antibiotic use, and dental hygiene behaviors.Resultsβ-diversity did not differ across categories of beverage consumption (PERMANOVA pcoffee = 0.123, ptea = 0.158). α-diversity measures were lower, but not significantly different, among those who consumed coffee or tea more vs. less frequently. For example, the adjusted means (SE) for the Shannon Index were 4.95 (0.10) vs. 5.00 (0.10), P = 0.871 in high (>3 cups/d) vs. low (<1 cup/w) coffee consumption and 4.90 (0.10) vs. 5.02 (0.10), P = 0.333 for high (>2 cups/d) vs. low (<1 cup/w) tea consumption.ConclusionsIn this study of postmenopausal women, we found no statistically significant associations between coffee or tea consumption and the diversity of oral microbiome.Funding SourcesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and the Department of Defense.

The Effect of Dental Anxiety Levels of Medical Faculty Students on Oral Hygiene Behaviors

Aim: Aimed to evaluate the effect of dental anxiety levels of students at Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine on oral hygiene behaviors. Materials and Methods: It is descriptive, cross-sectional study and carried out between September-October 2021. It was applied online to 216 volunteers from class I-V students. Students were asked about their sociodemographic characteristics, oral hygiene behaviors and Corah Dental Anxiety Scale(C-DAS). The C-DAS questionnaire is in 5-point Likert type consisting of 4 questions (Min:4-max:20 points). Analyzes were made with the SPSS 25 program. Descriptive statistics, independent sample T-test were performed. Results: 50%(n=108) of the students were women. 78.2%(n=169) had never smoked. 33.3%(n=72) of them started brushing regularly before age of six. 58.8%(n=127) were brushing their teeth at least twice a day. The rate of brushed their teeth correctly was 49.5% (n=107). Only 24.5%(n=53) of the students changed their toothbrush every three months. Students' use of additional dental hygiene tools other than toothbrushes respectively; toothpick (37.5%, n=81), dental floss (32.4%, n=70), mouthwash (26.9%, n=58), interface brush (6%, n=13), miswak (3.7%, n=8). The mean C-DAS score was 8.8±3.7(min:4-max:20). The mean score was significantly higher for female students (9.5±3.7) than the males (8.0±3.5) (p=0.004) and those who had a toothache (9.5±4.1) in the last year than the others (8.1±3.2) (p=0.007). There was no significant difference between C-DAS score and brushing teeth twice a day or more(p=0.556). There was no significant difference between the use of additional dental hygiene tools and C-DAS score(p=0.280). Conclusion: Dental anxiety was found to be higher in women and those who had toothache in the last year. It was determined that anxiety did not affect the dental hygiene behavior.

Perception of Oral and Dental Health Awareness and Assessment of Dental Habits in Preclinical Dentistry Students: A Questionnaire Study

Aim: The oral and dental hygiene behaviors of patients are affected by their dentists. Although dental students attend preclinical courses in their first and second years of education, they are expected to be knowledgeable about oral and dental health due to their future position as being role models for patients. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the oral and dental health awareness and oral health habits of preclinical dental students. Material and Methods: 127 preclinical dental students were included in this study. A questionnaire consisting of 39 questions about oral-dental health habits and knowledge levels was prepared. The results were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 software. A p-value of smaller than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Frequency of daily tooth brushing, gingival bleeding, halitosis, toothpaste preference, satisfaction with tooth color and frequency of dental visits were found to be statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the 1st-year and 2nd-year student groups in terms of their responses to the questions (p&gt; 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the male and female groups for their responses to the questions on topics such as toothpaste preference, satisfaction with the color of their teeth, frequency of dental examination, frequency of tooth cleaning and toothbrushing time (p

Inequities in periodontal disease prevalence, prevention, and management.

Periodontal disease is highly prevalent and contributes to the global burden of chronic diseases. Inherent and institutional inequities contribute to the prevalence of periodontal disease by facilitating barriers to accessing dental care and maintaining good oral health. The aim of this paper is to review the inequities experienced in the dental field in relation to periodontal disease. Barriers to dental care are experienced in many countries globally. They include cost, insurance coverage, geography, physician availability, and oral health literacy. These barriers influence the frequency of dental visits, oral hygiene, and risk behaviors of individuals which impact an individual's oral health status. Most often, postponed or improper dental care leads to worsened dental conditions that are more costly and detrimental to one's wellbeing. These dental conditions, like periodontitis, fall back on the health care system for treatment through emergency department resource use and comorbidities that can develop or be worsened as a result. To reduce the global burden of chronic disease and the costs of treatments for preventable conditions, and increase oral health, corrective actions are required. Such actions may include the use of teledentistry, greater oral health education, emergency departments staffing dental practitioners, subsidies for rural or remote dental practitioners, and policy changes for universal coverage of basic dental needs.

Controlled direct effect of psychiatric disorders on cardiovascular disease: evidence from a large Kurdish cohort

BackgroundPsychiatric disorders are significantly associated with the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, mortality, hospital readmissionn. Oral and dental hygiene may play a role in such association. This study aimed to evaluate the controlled direct effect of psychiatric disorders on cardiovascular diseases by controlling the mediating effect of oral and dental hygiene.MethodsThe data used for this study came from the baseline phase of Ravansar Non-communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. RaNCD cohort study is including a representative sample of 10,065 adults (35–65 years old) living in Ravansar, a city in the west of Iran. The marginal structural model with stabilized inverse probability weights accounted for potential confounders was used to estimate the controlled direct effect of psychiatric disorders on cardiovascular diseases. Three different models using three mediators including oral and dental hygiene behaviors, oral ulcer and lesions, and decayed, missing, and filled tooth, were used.ResultsPsychiatric disorders increase the odds of cardiovascular diseases by 83% (OR = 1.83, CI 1.27, 2.61) and about two times (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.74, 2.63) when controlled for oral and dental hygiene behaviors, and oral ulcer and lesions as mediators, respectively. When decayed, missing, and filled tooth, as a mediator, was set at ≤ 8, there was no statistically significant controlled direct effect of psychiatric disorders on cardiovascular diseases (OR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.62, 1.30).ConclusionOur results suggested that psychiatric disorder was directly related to cardiovascular diseases even if it was possible to have good oral and dental hygiene. The results suggested that interventions targeting people with psychiatric disorders could reduce prevalence of the cardiovascular diseases.

Patient Perceptions about Professional Dental Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background:Dental professionals are at high risk of being infected by and transmitting COVID-19 to patients. Patients’ perceived risk for infection and attitudes about receiving dental care during the pandemic are important to understand as patients consider returning to routine dental care as the pandemic progresses.Objective:The purpose of this study was to explore dental patients’ perceptions of susceptibility to contracting COVID-19, their related attitudes and beliefs regarding dental care visits, and their considerations for returning to routine care during and after the pandemic.Method:Data for this cross-sectional study came from an electronic survey of 464 US adults. Survey variables include demographics, dental hygiene behaviors, perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, attitudes and beliefs regarding risk for attending dental appointments, and the necessary conditions and events for them to feel comfortable returning to regular dental appointments.Results:Over half of study participants had a 4-y degree, an annual income of at least $50,000, and good oral hygiene practices of frequent brushing and routine dental visits. Older age and agreement with positive attitudinal statements and beliefs about professional dental care were positively related to perceived susceptibility for contracting COVID-19 in a dental setting. Perceptions of susceptibility, a higher valuation of dentistry, and agreement that COVID-19 is a serious infection were each positively related to attitudinal statements and beliefs reflecting caution in attending dental visits. Last, assurance from public health officials confirming the safety to return for routine dental care was the largest reported factor necessary for a return to routine dental visits.Conclusion:This study provides early data about patient perceptions of susceptibility and attitudes toward COVID-19 in a professional dental setting and necessary conditions for returning to regular visits. This information can help formulate messaging related to returning to professional dental care, specifically targeting fears among the most susceptible populations.Knowledge Transfer Statement:Government and public health agencies can play an important role in alleviating concerns and instilling confidence that dental settings are safe. With this information from the public, dental professionals and public health agencies can work together to share messaging that will consistently inform the public regarding the safety of returning to professional dental care as it relates to the reopening of states and cities.

Ireine’s Education Model to Improve Tooth Brushing Skills in Preschool Children

Dental and oral health problems in preschool children i.e. Early Chilhood Caries (ECC) is amounted to 90.05%. This is because the children have not been able to do the tooth brushing activities on their own. The modified Ireine’s Education Model reflects a model of change in dental hygiene behavior of preschool children in the habit of tooth brushing from an early age. Its aim is to improve the tooth brushing skills of preschool children with guidance from their teachers and parents. The aim of generating modified Ireine's Education Model is as an effort to improve the tooth brushing skills of preschool children. The study method Research and Development (R &amp; D) with Quasy experiment. The subjects of the preschool children were divided into 2 groups: Intervention group with the modified Ireine's Education Model which was done for 21 days and control group with Phantom Media. The independent variable in this research is the modified Ireine's Education Model, while the dependent varibale is tooth brushing skills in preschool children. The data was tested using Intraclass corelation test coefficient, Anova, Shapiro Wilk, Wilcoxon, and Mann Whitney. The result indicates that the modified Ireine's Education Model is more effective raises the free score of preschool children plaque with p-value in less than 0.001. Furthermore, it improves their tooth brushing skills with p-value in less than 0.010 compared to the control group. In conclusion, the modified Ireine's Education Model is more effectively improves the skills of brushing in preschool children as opposed to phantom media.

Pattern of utilization of dental services and oral self-care practices of people living with HIV/AIDS in two tertiary health institutions in Nigeria

Background: People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have a high risk of oral health problems. However, little is known about their utilization of oral health services in Nigeria. Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine utilization of dental services and oral hygiene practices among PLWHA attending two tertiary health institutions. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study among PLWHA attending HIV clinics in two teaching hospitals in South West and South South Nigeria. Information obtained using self-administered structured questionnaires included questions on pattern of dental services' utilization and oral hygiene behavior. P

THE PARENTS-DESIGNED PROGRAM TO SUPPORT TOOTH BRUSHING DURING 7, 21, 35 DAYS OF YOUNG CHILDREN IN PAUD PANDEGA SIWI, TLOGOSARI, PEDURUNGAN, SEMARANG CITY

TITLE THE PARENTS-DESIGNED PROGRAM TO SUPPORT TOOTH BRUSHING DURING 7, 21, 35 DAYS OF YOUNG CHILDREN IN PAUD PANDEGA SIWI, TLOGOSARI, PEDURUNGAN, SEMARANG CITY ABSTRACT Dental and oral health services are provided by looking at the needs of the target. For pre-school age (playgroup, kindergarten A, and kindergarten B) service more priority prevention and familiarize healthy life behavior. The maintenance of dental hygiene and gum especially brushing morning and night before going to bed as prevention of dental and oral disease is considered important at this age is to get good dental health quality in the future. The purpose of study is a change in the behavior of students PAUD Pandega Siwi in terms of ability to brush your teeth properly and correctly. Implementation of study is done in July - August 2017 with the target devotion is Childhood PAUD counted 41 and her parents. The pretest is the examination of tooth brushing behavior and the level of dental hygiene of children of early childhood. Intervention stage in the form of counseling on how to brush their teeth with the help of multimedia tools and demonstration using phantom on the students of PAUD and parents. Monitoring I (7th day), II (21st day) and 3rd (35th day) are Teacher's guidance to parents in the implementation of home toothbrushes at PAUD students. Posttest evaluation is done the same as in the initial examination. The results of the activity is a change in the level of dental hygiene of children PAUD Pandega Siwi and brushing behavior teeth. Brushing behavior changes in terms of previous toothbrushing technique back and forth to turn around. The conclusion is the parent's assistance in the home is very instrumental in improving the level of dental hygiene and brushing behavior. Key words : Toothbrushing assintance, PAUD Pandega Siwi

The Effect of Health Education Program Based on Health Belief Model on Oral Health Behaviors in Pregnant Women of Fasa City, Fars Province, South of Iran.

Aims and Objectives:Pregnant women are at risk of dental caries and periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of health education program based on health belief model (HBM) on oral and dental hygiene behaviors in pregnant women in Fasa city.Materials and Methods:This is a clinical trial study carried out on 110 pregnant women selected using random sampling method from health centers in Fasa city in 2016 (55 patients in the experimental group and 55 individuals in control group). Data collection with questionnaire was based on construct HBM, as well as their performance about oral health. At first, two groups completed the questionnaires. And then, the intervention was conducted for the experimental group based on HBM. Four months after intervention, two groups completed the questionnaires twice. To analyze the collected data, the researchers used SPSS version 22 and descriptive and analytical statistics tests such as independent t-test and Chi-square and Mann–Whitney test.Results:The age of the pregnant mothers was 28.25 ± 3.02 years in the experimental group and 27.8 ± 4.20 years in the control group. Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed a significant increase in their knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, cues to action, and performance and decrease in perceived barriers 4 months after the intervention.Conclusion:Applying the HBM is very effective for developing an educational program for oral health in pregnant women. Moreover, in the implementation of these programs, control, monitoring, and follow-up educational are recommended.