Dengue Haemorhagic Fever Research Articles

Edukasi dan Pendampingan Pembuatan Ovitrap sebagai Upaya Pengendalian Demam Berdarah

<em>Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) or Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) is one of several infectious diseases that are a health problem in the world, especially developing countries. Aedes spp mosquitoes are vectors of arbovirus diseases, including Yellow Fever, Dengue Fever, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), and Chikungunya. One method of controlling Aedes is the use of ovitrap. This service aims to provide education and assistance in the manufacture of ovitrap as one of the efforts to control DHF. This service is carried out by providing knowledge about dengue disease and its control and how to make simple ovitrap. Education is carried out by means of counseling which was previously given a pre-test and post-test as a measuring tool for increasing knowledge. The standard ovitrap is made with a small wide-mouthed glass/pot painted black on the outside and given gauze as an egg trap. The glass is half filled with water to part and placed inside and outside the house which is suspected to be the habitat of the Aedes mosquito. The results of education and assistance in making ovitrap for cadres in the Tamangapa sub-district were that participants benefited, namely increasing knowledge and increasing skills in making ovitrap. The conclusion of this activity is that the community gets an increase in general knowledge about DHF, Aedes Aegypty mosquitoes and how to control them and increases skills in making ovitrap</em>

Survei Entomologi, Kerentanan Aedes aegypti terhadap Insektisida Organofosfat, dan Identifikasi Gen VGSC di Dusun Malangrejo, Sleman, Yogyakarta

Control and prevention effort of dengue haemorhagic fever relies on the application of insecticidesto control vector mosquito. In Indonesia, application of organophosphate insecticide (temephos andmalathion), and pyrethroid is a key part of the dengue control strategy. This study aimed to determine theentomological survey, susceptibility of Aedes aegypti against organophosphate insecticide and identificationof VGSC gene in Dusun Malangrejo, Sleman Yogyakarta. This study is an observational with a cross sectionaldesign. The entomology survey procedure used a single larvae technique, biological susceptibility test of Ae.aegypti against organophosphate insecticides using WHO (temephos), CDC (malathion), biochemistry andVGSC genes detection using PCR method. Results of this study showed that bath tub was potential breedingplace for Ae. aegypti. Susceptibility status of temephos was still tolerant (95.4%), while malathion showsresistance (13.75%). Bioassay and biochemical test shows potential resistant to insecticides due to elevatedactivity of esterase non specific enzyme. Detection of the VGSC gene shows positive for both genes (V1016G;S989P) and F1534C. Furthermore, regularly assessment of insecticide resistance status will hopefully assistthe local public health authorities to assign policy for managing mosquito control such as by rotation ofdifferent routinely used insecticide to delay Ae. aegypti resistance development.

Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti: An impact from human urbanization?

In the city of Magelang, Indonesia, the distribution of Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) cases tend to be clustered, ever changing along with human urbanization from 2014 to 2017. Although DHF cases have been less reported in the city of Magelang for the past 5 years, vector control measures by using insecticide space spraying, particularly permethrin, have been continuously performed. Current study aimed to detect kdr mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in Ae. aegypti and to study possible association between insecticide resistance and DHF case distribution related to human urbanization. The study was a cross sectional study conducted in 3 sub-districts in the city of Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. Eggs of Ae. aegypti collected from 195 sample households were reared and were tested for resistance to pyrethroids by using PCR. Primers AaSCF1 and AaSCR4, and primers AaSCF7 and AaSCR7 were used in detecting presence of mutation in VGSC IIS6 and IIIS6 gene, respectively. Fragments of amplified DNA were sequenced and were analyzed. Spatio-temporal using Standard Deviational Ellipse (SDE) was performed to obtain mapping of DHF case distribution trends. The total number of DHF case was 380 cases, with the most cases (158) occurred in 2015 and the least cases (66) reported in 2017. DHF case distribution was grouped into several clusters. SDE calculation demonstrated movement of DHF case in the direction to principal arterial road, suggesting link to urbanization. Gene sequencing demonstrated VGSC IIS6 gene mutation (S989P and V1016G) in Ae. aegypti collected from study areas, indicating resistance to permethrin. VGSC IIIS6 gene mutation was not found. Current study concluded that multiple kdr mutations associated with resistance to pyrethroid was detected in Ae. aegypti, and that human urbanization may have a role in the development of such resistance.

The community based controlling for the widely spread of dengue haemorhagic fever (DHF) in North Sumatra

The community based controlling for the widely spread of dengue haemorhagic fever (DHF) in North Sumatra

Aspek Kekinian tentang Penelitian Demam Berdarah Dengue di Pulau Jawa dan Sekitarnya

Incidence Rate/IR DHF in Indonesia 2015 to 2017 decreased 44.43%, although in 2016 there was an increase of 53.61% from incidence in 2015 (DHF IR per 100,000 population in 2015 until 2017 was 50,75;77,96; 22.55). Five subsystems related to DHF transmission are human, dengue virus, Aedes mosquito, physical and biological environment. Research on these five subsystems and various control efforts has been done in Indonesia. Literature review was used to discuss it in this article. Search area on the site ejournal.litbang.kemkes.go.id, portalgaruda.org, e-resources.perpusnas.go.id, www.researchgate.net, www.hindawi.com and who.int with keywords Aedes aegypti, Dengue Haemorhagic Fever. Several studies showed different results depending on the study site conditions (climatic,altitude,ecological conditions). Human behavior associated with the use of anti-mosquito, dengue virus, Aedes as a vector (potential breeding places, transovary phenomena, insecticide vector resistance), and climate conditions (temperature and humidity) that contribute to the incidence of DHF. Vector control is the most effective measure in DHF control program. The use of Bacillus thuringensis, Romanomermis iyengari, and Wolbachia, the manufactured repellents and larvasides from various plants, the improvement of eradication of mosquito breeding sites related community behavior, and the application of sterile insect techniques have been developed from various studies. The results of such research can be adopted as alternative to control vectors and implemented in integrated manner based on the specific local context.

Health Believe Model Implementation on The Analyze of Family Decision to Visit The Public Health Center

Introduction : Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) is one of infecsius deseases. These deseases can have serious complications and kill the patients. Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) deseases that is suffered to the patients has become a heavy complication in Tembok Dukuh village. By the health belief model implementation, the patients got earlier response as soon as possible. The objective of the study was to analyze family’s decision for visiting Puskesmas in earlier response of Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF). This descriptive analytic was conducted at work area of Puskesmas Tembok Dukuh Surabaya. The population was the family with Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) patient from Januari 2007 until July 2009.Methods : Clustered design was used to take the sample. Total sample were 65 respondents, taken according to inclusion criteria. The independent variables were health belief model about perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. The dependent variable was family’s decision for visiting Puskesmas in earlier response of Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF). Data was collecting using structured questionnaire. Data that had collected were later analyzed with frequency distribution of each category.Results : Result showed that perceived susceptibility most family was in middle category, perceived seriousness most family was in high category, most of family got the benefits, most of family also got the barriers, and all of the respondents have cues to action. The family’s decision to visit Puskesmas for the earlier Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) response was founded in a few of family.Conclusion: It can be concluded that most of the family didn’t have a steady decisison to visit Puskesmas for the earlier Dengue Haemorhagic Fever response. It can be proved by there are most of family chose the others health service. Discussion : Health workers in Desease Eradication Departement (P2M) should sosialize the Puskesmas program related with the earlier Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) response. So that, the family has believed that visiting Puskesmas is important for the earlier Dengue Haemorhagic Fever (DHF) response.

Perilaku Pemulung tentang Demam Berdarah Dengue dengan Keberadaan Jentik Aedes Aegypti

Introduction: Dengue Haemorhagic Fever is an endemic disease caused by dengue virus with Aedes aegypti as the vector. Most of waste pickers in waste goods pool refuse fogging, 3M programme and abatization, so that DHF outbreak occurs in that area every year. Larva free rate also remains under the target. Therefore, it was necessary to improve DHF relation with behaviour of waste pickers. This study was used a cross sectional design. The objective of this study was to identify waste picker’s behaviour on DHF and its correlation with the presence of Aedes aegypti larva. Method: The subjects were waste picker which live at Sidokumpul and Kebomas village. There were 36 samples which recruited by using cluster random sampling. Data were collected by using questionnaire (structured intervied) and observation, then analyzed by using Fisher’s Exact Test with significance level α≤0.05. Result: The result showed that there was not a correlation between waste picker’s knowledge with the presence of Aedes aegypti larva (p=0.236), no correlation between waste picker’s attitude with the presence of Aedes aegypti larva (p=0.422) and there was a significance correlation between waste picker’s behaviour with the presence of Aedes aegypti larva (p=0.03). Discussion: It can be concluded that there was not a correlation between waste picker’s knowledge and waste picker’s attitude with the presence of Aedes aegypti larva. Moreover, the waste picker’s behaviour has a significance correlation with the presence of Aedes aegypti larva.The waste picker should improve their participation in mosquito’s nest eradication programme.

Effectiveness Test of Basil Leaf (Ocimum basilicum) Extract As Bioinsecticide In Mosquito Coil to Mosquito Aedes aegypti Death

Aedes aegypti is the vector of Dengue Haemorhagic fever. One of the method to prevent the spread of dengue fever is vector control. Principal activity to control this vector might decrease their population as transmitter of disease. One way of controlling mosquitoes vectors is using a bioinsecticide from basil leaf. Basil leaf extract has bioinsecticide effect to Aedes aegypti because basil leaf has some active compounds, such as Flavonoid, Saponin, Tannin and essential oils. These compound are toxic to mosquitoes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of basil leaf (Ocimum basilicum L.) extract as mosquito coil against Aedes aegypti. The design of this study is xperimental study with 450 subjects of Aedes aegypti. Subjects were divided into six groups. They were 0% (negative control), 25%, 50%. 70%, 90% extract and Transfluthrin 0,03% (positive control). Each group contained 25 mosquitoes. Observation were carried out for 60 minutes with 10 minutes intervals and three times of repetition. The Data were analyzed by probit to calculate the value of Lethal consentration. The result of Probit Analyze showed that LC50 was at a concentration of 41,81% and LC90 was at concentration of 101.66%. The results showed that the extract of basil leaf (Ocimum basilicum L.) effective as Aedes aegypti bioinsecticide in mosquito coil.

Sanitation-Related Behavior, Container Index, and Their Associations with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Incidence in Karanganyar, Central Java

Background : Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) causes not only epidemic but also social and economic impacts. Environmental sanitation, water reservoirs, and community behavior can influence the incidence of DHF. This study aimed to examine sanitation-related behavior, container index, and their associations with dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence. Subjects and Method : This was an analytic observational field study using case control design. The study was conducted in sub-districts with the highest and lowest DHF cases in Karanganyar, Central Java, from May to July, 2017. A total sample of 120 study subjects was selected for this study using fixed disease sampling, including 40 people with DHF and 80 people without DHF. The dependent variable was DHF. The independent variables were age, education level, family income, container index, and sanitation behavior. The data were measured by a set of questionnaire and examined using path analysis. Results : Sanitation behavior (b=1.50; 95% CI= 0.57 to 2.42, p=0.001) and Container Index (b=0.90; 95% CI= 0.03 to 1.84; p=0.057) were directly and positively associated with DHF incidence. Container Index was associated with sanitation behavior (b=2.09, 95% CI = 1.21 to 2.97, p<0.001). Age (b=-0.76, 95% CI = -1.60 to 0.08, p=0.074), education level (b=-1.02, 95% CI = -1.87 to -0.17, p=0.019), and family income (b=-0.70, 95% CI= -1.60 to 0.19, p=0.122) were associated with sanitation behavior. Conclusion : DHF incidence is directly and positively associated with sanitation behavior, and container index. DHF incidence is indirectly associated with age, education level, and family income. Keywords : dengue haemorhagic fever, sanitation, container index, behavior, path analysis Correspondence : Nunik Maya Hastuti. School of Health Science Mitra Husada, Karanganyar, Central Java. Email: nunikmaya21@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285647279291. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2017), 2(2): 174-185 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2017.02.02.08

Clinical Profile and Outcome of Patients with Dengue Syndrome in Hospital Care

Dengue is a viral febrile illness, which has become a major international public health concern including Bangladesh, spectrum of illness ranging from dengue fever (DF) to life threatening dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), dengue shock syndrome (DSS) and ultimately death. The clinical profiling and outcome during epidemic dengue outbreak was observed in Dhaka Medical College Hospital in 2000 to 2001. One hundred and fifty patients were systematically observed. Male female ratio was 5:1 with severity of illness in younger patients. Hundred percent patients had fever with 83% having generalized weakness. The severe cases(DHF) were having sudden sustained temperature of 103 degree farenheight. Majority have abdominal symptoms(&gt;80%) while 10% had respiratory only. Sixty percent have hepatomegaly while 40 % spleenomealy while 80% of DHF had ascites. Above 75% cases of Dengue haemorhagic fever had positive tourniquet test while melaena was the commonest mucosal bleeds. No fatality was observed in this study although variability of discharge was seen in different groups. Keyword: Clinical, Profile, Outcome, Dengue, Hospital DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v12i2.6733 JOM 2011; 12(2): 131-138

Perilaku Masyarakat Dan Indeks Entomologi Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Kota Cimahi

Dengue haemorhagic fever (DHF) was one of most dangerous disease in Indo­nesia. The number of case showed increased year by year since first time observed. Vec­tor control that used by government always using Insecticides. A continuity of it can caused resistances of mosquito, and it will be more dangerous. In District Cimahi, vector control doing by mosquitoes habitat eradication (PSN) for last 3 years. It done by invite people to participate to make environment clean. Every week, peo­ple on duty going house to house to check water container condition. They also give sup­port and suggest how to prevent breeding mosquitoes to people. The aim of th is research is to evaluate knowledge, practice and attitude people about DBD and to count Entomology Index in district Cimahi. This research observe that globally people attitude is good, knowledge is middle and prac­tice still bad. Larvae Free Index (Angka Bebas Jentik) when observe show that in Cibabat first week still below national Larvae Free Index. In Pasirkaliki, first week and second week Larvae Free Index below national Larvae Free Index.

STUDI POPULASI NYAMUK DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI KELURAHAN WIDODOMERTANI, YOGYAKARTA

AnticipatingDHF outbreak possibility in Kelurahan Widodomertani -Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta was necessary done a research. Theresearch covered a study about vector DHF (Dengue HaemorhagicFever) population in Kelurahan Widodomertani. Main activitiesstudying a relative population were larvae and adultmosquitoes surveilance. Those surveilance did to achievelarvae index i.e.: HI (House Index), CI (Container Index), BI(Breteu Index), and the mosquitoes index was HDI (HouseDensity Index). Meanwhile mosquitoes identification need to bedone as well. The research was carried out in March 2002 andSeptember 2002. The results described the small possibilityhaving an outbreak of DHF in a short time. There were foundthree species of mosquitoes i.e.: Aedes albopictus, Culexquinquefasciatus, and Anopheles aconitus. Index values oflarvae and adult mosquitos were HI= 20.0%, CI= 17.6%, BI=16.0%, and HDI= 0.30 in March 2002, increased to HI= 36.7%,CI= 30.8%, BI= 26.0%, and HDI= 0.56 in September 2002.