ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Dendropanax (DP) for its efficiency in ameliorating diabetes and its associated nephropathy with its possible underlying protective mechanisms.The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of Dendropanax (DP) morbifera against nephrotoxicity in streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single injection streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, i.p.). The water extract of DP (400 mg/kg body weight) was administered by oral gavage for 4 week. We measured body weight changes, blood lipid parameters, blood glucose, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitization, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, AST, or ALT. In addition, we measured the expression of SIRT‐1, extracellular matrix, oxidative stress, and fibrosis markers. Administration of DP in STZ‐induced diabetic rats significantly improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitization. The levels of serum glucose, insulin, total protein, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), creatinine was significantly increased in STZ‐induced diabetic rats. In diabetic rat model, DP significantly reversed the serum levels of BUN and creatinine and decreased serum 3‐indoxyl sulfate levels, a new nephrotoxicity biomarker in STZ‐induced rats. In particular, the protective effects of DP on diabetic‐induced renal injury were clearly exhibited by analysis of histopathological examination in STZ‐induced rats. In particular, oxidative stress‐mediated pathway in diabetic nephropathy was closely associated with NF‐kB and TGF‐β1 pathways. The protective effects of DP on diabetic‐induced renal injury were clearly exhibited by analysis of histopathological examination on the kidney. We demonstrated that DP extracts protects diabetic‐induced renal injury by blocking oxidative damage via SIRT‐1 activation which indicating its clinical application to inhibit diabetic‐induced chronic kidney disease (CKD).This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.