Demographic Characteristics Of Sex Research Articles

Relationship Between the Use of Mobile-Based Social Networks and the General Health Among Employees in the South of Iran

Background: One of the most challenging aspects of today's technology is mobile social networking which has had a different effect on the health and social life of individuals. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of mobile-based social networks and general health. Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional correlation study was done on 295 staff of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences in 2018 -2019. The data was collected using the general health and social networking addiction questionnaires. A random sampling method was used to select the participants. Descriptive statistics, T-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for data analysis via the SPSS V. 24 software. Results: Of two hundred ninety-five participants 153 (51.7%) were male and 142 (48.3%) were female. The mean age of the participants was 36.32±6.61years. There is a statistically significant relationship between mean score of social network addiction with demographic characteristics of sex, marital status. There is also a significant relationship between the level of general health and marital status and the amount of daily use of social networking. There is a direct and significant relationship between the amount of use of social networks and general health (P<0.05). Conclusions: It seems that men and single individuals are often reported higher due to their tendency to receive information and news and to have much more leisure times. Given the positive impact of marriage on mental health in most studies, there is a need for more detailed research on the relationship between general health and marriage status.

Psychological Well-Being of Living Kidney Donors and Recipients.

Previous research has indicated that kidney transplantation is associated with longer and better quality of life and can also have psychological impacts to both recipients and living donors. This study aimed to examine the psychological well-being of kidney transplant recipients and living donors in the first Ethiopian kidney transplant program using a psychological well-being framework developed by Ryff. All 82 kidney recipients and living donors who underwent medical screening for transplantation or living donation at the St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical Transplant Center between the establishment of the Center (September 2015)and the data collection end date (December 2018) were selected using medical records. Seventyfive recipients and 64 donors participated in the study. This study used a cross-sectional study design. Demographic questionnaires and Ryff's 84-item psychological well-being assessment were used. Collected data were analyzed through frequency, percentages, means, t tests, and analyses of variance. Approximately 83% of study recipients scored in the upper 3 quartiles for composite psychological well-being scores, and 50% of study donors scored in the middle 2 quartiles for composite psychological well-being scores, with roughly 20% in the highest quartile. We found no significant mean difference between recipient and donor subscales, excluding the Personal Growth Subscale, which showed a significant mean difference between recipients (mean [SD] of 69.01[8.39]) and donors (mean [SD] of 65.89 [8.84]). This study revealed no significant psychological mean differences between kidney recipients and donors regarding the demographic characteristics of sex, age, marital status, and education. Our single-center study cohort of kidney transplant recipients and living donors revealed overall psychological well-being scores similar to established transplant centers in other countries. Psychological well-being subscore data can provide meaningful information about the experiences of recipients and donors.

Abstract P282: Which Telestroke Transfers to the Hub Expire or Receive Hospice Within 48 Hours of Arrival?

Introduction: Telestroke (TS) expands access to acute stroke care and facilitates swift transfer of patients to tertiary stroke centers. However, patients transferred from spoke hospitals who expire shortly after arrival raises the question of whether there is opportunity to predict futility of transfer to a higher level of care. We examined acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients transferred to our hub from TS spoke hospitals and identified who expired or went on to hospice within 48 hours of arrival. Methods: In our TS network, we identified AIS patients who were transferred from spoke hospitals following TS consultation (9/2015 - 12/2018). We compared demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who expired or went on to hospice within the first 48 hours versus those who did not. Hospice decision time was determined by chart review for documentation of goals of care discussions. Results: Of 530 transfers to the hub, there were 32 (6%) patients who expired or went on to hospice within 48 hours. Compared to those who did not, these patients had increased age (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.05-1.12), higher incidence of atrial fibrillation (OR 2.24; 95% CI 1.02-4.90) or cancer (OR 3.04; 95% CI 1.17-7.87), higher pre-morbid mRS (OR 5.14; 95% CI 1.57-16.88), and higher NIHSS (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.16-1.31). Interestingly, the same characteristics were also significantly different in those who expired or went on to hospice beyond 48 hours. There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics of sex and race/ethnicity. There was also no significant difference in the frequency of treatment with tPA or IAT; of the 32 patients who expired or went on to hospice within 48 hours, 21 (66%) had received tPA and 3 (9%) had undergone IAT. Palliative care was consulted for 31 (97%) of those patients. Conclusions: A relatively small but significant proportion of TS transfers to our hub expired or went on to hospice within 48 hours. These patients were characterized by increased age, poorer pre-stroke functional status and high stroke severity. In light of the current strain on resources with the pandemic, telepalliative services may help to better serve certain patients, in particular those who are elderly or debilitated, at spoke hospitals without the need for transfer to hub.

The Development of Four Types of Adolescent Dating Abuse and Selected Demographic Correlates.

This study determined the shape of trajectories from ages 13 to 19 of four types of dating abuse perpetration and examined whether the demographic characteristics of sex, minority status, socioeconomic status, and family structure systematically explained variation in the trajectories. The data are from 5 waves of data collected from 973 adolescents participating in the control group of a randomized trial. The mean trajectory for psychological dating abuse was positive linear, but the mean trajectories were curvilinear for moderate physical, severe physical, and sexual dating abuse. At all ages, boys reported more severe physical and sexual dating abuse than girls, minorities reported more moderate and severe physical dating abuse than whites, adolescents in single-parent-households reported more psychological and severe physical dating abuse than those in two-parent-households, and parental education was negatively associated with psychological and moderate physical dating abuse perpetration. The findings have implications for future research and for practice.

Patients' Interest in Reading Their Medical Record

Although opportunities for patients to review their medical records are increasing, nothing is known about which patients want to take advantage of those opportunities. The objective of this study was to determine the proportion and characteristics of patients who are very interested in examining their clinic medical record and the reasons for their interest. Cross-sectional, mailed survey (conducted in May 2001) to a random sample of 4500 adults who had a recent clinic visit. The response rate was 81%; 36% were very interested in reading their medical record (dependent variable). In multivariate logistic regression, the significantly related factors were seeking health information (finding the Internet very important for health information [adjusted odds ratio, 2.09], having a health newsletter subscription [adjusted odds ratio, 1.23], and using a health resource book in last month [adjusted odds ratio, 1.36]); being very concerned about errors in care (adjusted odds ratio, 2.52); and lacking trust in their physician (adjusted odds ratio, 1.55). Health status, use of health care, education, and income were not independently related to patients' interest. The most common reasons for patients wanting to look at their medical record were to see what their physician said about them (74%), to be more involved in their health care (74%), and to understand their condition better (72%). Patients' interest in reading their medical record is better predicted by their consumer approach to health care than it is by their clinical characteristics. Demographic characteristics of sex and race were related, while socioeconomic factors of education and income were not.

Sunglasses- and photochromic lens-wearing patterns in spectacle and/or contact lens-wearing individuals.

To determine differences in wearing patterns of sunglasses and/or photochromic lenses in spectacle and contact lens wearers, to assess patient awareness of the indications for the use of tinted lenses, and to identify wearers' lens tint preferences. A total of 100 individuals wearing some combination of contact lenses and spectacles participated in a survey questionnaire composed of 14 questions. Participants were asked if they used sunglasses/photochromic lenses, why they used them, their preferred lens tints, and temporal and seasonal patterns of use. They were also queried on their awareness of the potential adverse effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure on the health of the eye and appropriate protective measures. Participants were categorized based on their use of spectacles and/or contact lenses. Demographic characteristics of sex and age were taken into account for the analysis. The data were imported and analyzed using commercial statistical analysis software. A total of 52% of the participants wore spectacles exclusively, while 48% wore some combination of spectacles and contact lenses. In the spectacle group, 36% and 20% wore sunglasses and photochromic lenses, respectively. In the contact lens group, 20% and 10% wore sunglasses and photochromic lenses, respectively. Overall gray was the preferred lens tint, especially in the younger age groups. Summer was the primary season for use of tinted lenses. Approximately one-third of the sample were not aware of the UVR protective properties of their eyewear. A total of 77% believed that UVR could be harmful to the eyes, but only a small percentage of the participants wore sunglasses or photochromic lenses specifically for UVR protection. There was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.07) for preference between sunglasses versus photochromic lenses and in seasonal patterns for tinted lens use among spectacles and contact lens wearers. Spectacle wearers (as well as contact lens wearers) used sunglasses more than photochromic lenses (P = 0.004). Most of the participants wore sunglasses in the summer and to protect their eyes from bright light. Overall gray was the preferred lens tint. Potentially adverse effects of UVR exposure to the eye and the importance of proper UVR eye protection were not generally appreciated by the subjects queried.

Ethical behavior among marketing researchers: An assessment of selected demographic characteristics

This study considers the relationship between perceptions of ethical behavior and the demographic characteristics of sex, age, education level, job title, and job tenure among a sample of marketing researchers. The findings of this study indicate that female marketing researchers, older marketing researchers, and marketing researchers holding their present job for ten years or more generally rate their behavior as more ethical.