Democratic Character Research Articles

Penanaman Karakter Demokratis Melalui Pembiasaan Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila Di Sekolah Dasar

Democratic character is essential for students because it will affect how students think and act in everyday life. Therefore, schools need to instil democratic values ​​from an early age. The fourth-grade teacher of SD Negeri Gondang 1 has tried to instil democratic character by implementing internalised habits in Pancasila education learning. This study aims to describe the application of habits in Pancasila education learning to instil students' democratic character and to find out the obstacles faced in its implementation. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis in this study, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Validity tests use triangulation techniques and source triangulation. The study results indicate that the instillation of democratic character is carried out in Pancasila education learning through habits that are carried out, including : 1) Routine activities such as group activities, presentations, and delivering responses; 2) Spontaneous activities include discussions when there are differences of opinion and teacher reprimands; and 3) Role models such as teachers motivate and show appreciation to students. The most significant democratic character indicators in habituation activities are getting used to deliberation, providing opportunities to express opinions, and respecting opinions or criticism. The obstacles were differences in student backgrounds and low awareness of the need to carry out habituation activities properly. To overcome these obstacles, teachers try to provide special assistance to students.

Historical and Cultural Aspects of the Club Movement in Novosibirsk Akademgorodok in 1960s – 1980s

The article discusses the significance of leveraging historical experiences to address contemporary societal challenges, particularly the technological impact on science cities, the holistic development of human capital, and the cultivation of humanitarian resources for Russian scientific advancement. The primary objective of this work is to study in dynamics the historical and cultural aspects of the club movement, offering a comprehensive portrayal of the scientific community's life in Novosibirsk Akademgorodok during the 1960s to 1980s. Employing the problem-chronological method, an interdisciplinary approach, and the discourse of a new scientific trend of anthropology of scientific life, this study has yielded results that contribute to a broader understanding of the aforementioned subject matter. The initial stage of the club movement in 1960s was characterized by pronounced processes of sociocultural adaptation (fulfillment of the social order for communication) and political engagement aligning with scientific pursuits. In 1970s and 1980s, the club movement underwent institutionalization, integrating itself into the socio-cultural space of Akademgorodok. About 40 clubs were established, including the clubs “Under Integral”, “Babylon”, ISC Club, “Sigma”, “Sage”, “Vertical”, “Grazia”, “Aesthetics of Clothes”, as well as thematic clubs of interest. Evidencing a democratic character, the club movement in Akademgorodok served to uphold the image of Soviet science and culture. Although the Soviet state regulated the forms of political participation, the club movement was generally supported by cultural policy actors. The mobilization trend encapsulated by “Science – Culture – Art” can be interpreted as a historical and cultural blueprint of the club movement of Novosibirsk Akademgorodok, strengthening the scientific and organizational principles of the establishment of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences “Science – Personnel – Production” in 1960–1980.

Influence Policing: Domestic Digital Influence Campaigns and Algorithmic Strategic Communications in UK Law Enforcement and Homeland Security

Abstract This paper conceptualizes an emerging model of algorithmic policing; ‘influence policing’. This harnesses the affordances of Internet platforms to conduct domestic digital influence campaigns for crime prevention. These campaigns use sophisticated targeted messaging to directly ‘nudge’ behaviour and shape the culture of specific groups. By targeting people using micro-level behavioural, personal-interest and location-based data, influence campaigns aim to employ insights from behavioural psychology to prevent crime at a distance. We theorize this with an analysis of a dataset of more than 12,000 adverts and in-depth fieldwork with a dedicated police strategic communications team. Influence policing provides law enforcement with new capacities to craft and manicure hidden digital encounters with targeted publics, raising questions about its democratic character and police accountability.

1890년대-1930년대 조선 지식인들의 프랑스혁명 독해법

The fundamental goal of this article is to fill the void of poor prior research and stimulate further research. The main issue is, first, to apply into the context of the time and analyze various types of texts referring to the French Revolution from the late 19th century to the early 20th century. In that extension, it tracks the changes in the views and historical perspectives of Joseon/Korean intellectuals who lived in a radical transition period leading to the period of King Gojong, the Korean Empire, and the colony on the French Revolution. In addition, the discourse on the French Revolution formed and shared by Joseon intellectuals in the 1890s and 1930s is briefly compared with that of contemporary Chinese and Japanese intellectuals to gauge the worldview of contemporary East Asian intellectuals in the West. The achievements of this study are as follows. First, reformist intellectuals during the period of King Gojong-the Korean Empire represented by Yoo Gil-jun and Yoon Chi-ho were also afraid of active discussion of the French Revolution and acquisition of its historical lessons. Second, intellectuals during the period of cultural governance tried to approach the French Revolution ‘from below’, paid attention to its creative destructive power, and learned its democratic character. Third, Joseon’s modern women welcomed the French Revolution as a successful example of the modern feminine movement, and made it a lesson to overcome the ‘women’s panic era’ in which old women and new women conflict. Fourth, some intellectuals appropriated ‘La Marseillaise’, a military song and national song of the French Revolution, in a way that supported Japanese militarism and promoted totalitarian fascism. It can be seen that the framework for interpretation of the French Revolution during the colonial period shifted from ‘left to right’.

The implications of critical theory for adult education policy

The German tradition of critical theory (often called the Frankfurt School), represented by such authors as Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, and Oskar Negt, have given crucial contributions to social and cultural theory in investigating and conceptualizing contradictory conditions of modern Western societies. This paper will discuss the ways in which these critical theorists have approached adult learning and education. Important elements are the role of adult learning in confronting the past and the present of Western societies (Adorno, Horkheimer) and the potential of experience-based learning in supporting open and democratic cultures and communities (Negt). Except for Negt, adult education was a minor topic for these critical theory scholars. Nevertheless, their contributions include important comments on and implications for adult education policy, including questions such as the responsibility of states for education, the democratic character of educational institutions, and the relationship between skills for work and for civil life. Critical theory holds important insights in the societal embedding of adult education and consequences for the objectives. These insights can guide (and have guided) critical research in adult education policy, but they need to be combined with policy analysis concepts and systematic empirical work.

Framing and the Social Construction of Violence in Select Online News Discourse on the 2023 General Elections in Nigeria

Violence undermines the democratic character of elections, and the news discourse is a significant route through which such issue is socially constructed. This study investigates how the Vanguard and Arise News employed transitivity theory as an interpretive schema in framing the violence that marked the 2023 general elections in Nigeria to determine the impact of election violence on voters. Fourteen extracts (7 each from Vanguard and Arise News) as well as responses from 20 participants (5 each from the fields of Journalism, education, accounting and public relations) were purposively selected and analysed using mixed methods comprising descriptive content analysis and in-depth interviews. The findings unveil both news reports’ usage of material, verbal, and relational processes as frames to foreground shades of electoral violence such as the snatching of ballot boxes, disrupting of the voting process, intimidating of voters, disrupting of the collation of results, kidnapping of INEC officials, decimating of innocent citizens, vandalizing of polling units, assaulting of election observers, and carting away of electoral materials. Transitivity processes highlight power relations between groups as well as label certain groups positively and others negatively. The responses from the in-depth interview reveal that electoral violence have a detrimental influence on voters because it produces feelings of dissatisfaction, dread, and dejection in them thereby preventing them from wanting to vote in subsequent elections.

Whitman's Democratic Citizen

In 1858 a series of essays titled Manly Health and Training made their appearance in the New York Atlas, written by Walt Whitman under the penname of Mose Velsor. The professed goal was to discuss suggestions and ideas to improve the general physical condition of its readers. Whitman regarded this as a necessary condition to match America’s democratic character. Indeed, from reading his guide we can see how for him the health of the body politic is dependent on the health and physical vigour of its citizens. In typical Whitman fashion, the essays address a multitude of topics other than the usual issues expected of a fitness manual. Besides the customary issues of diet and exercise, he also talks politics, morality, the weather, longevity, Greek athleticism, hygiene habits. This article will focus on Whitman’s thoughts about the physical standards he believed the American people ought to meet to sustain American democracy, link this with Whitman’s view of Ulysses Grant as an example of the ‘ideal’ American citizen and also venture why he was so understanding towards the latter during his troubled presidency.

Does the Buck Stop Somewhere? Blame Games and State Capture in the Legalization of the Israeli Land Grab

This article explores the intricate relationship between the Israeli state and Jewish settlers in the occupied Palestinian West Bank after the Oslo Accords (1993). It shows that, despite the accords, which prohibited the establishment of new settlements, such activities persisted. Instead, the accords triggered the seemingly spontaneous emergence of numerous illegal “hilltop settlements,” tolerated by higher echelons of government and actively supported by lower levels. These settlements subsequently underwent a gradual post hoc formalization process, ultimately leading to their full legalization. The article elucidates how a faction within Israeli society influenced segments of the government, employing blame games as a strategy to rationalize the legitimization of the Israeli land grab. Notably, it highlights the strategic and deceptive tactics employed by various Israeli governments in their dealings with the settler movement. The article concludes by reflecting on the political implications of the settler movement's success for the democratic character of the Israeli state.

Implementasi Pembelajaran Akhlak Tasawuf dalam Meningkatkan Karakter Demokratis Mahasiswa PAI FITK UNSIQ 2023

This research discusses the importance of the Akhlak and Tasawuf courses in Islamic Religious Education (PAI), aiming to teach moral values to students and enhance their character. Issues such as declining character, lack of participation, and poor relationships with lecturers remain concerns. Students need guidance to apply good morals according to the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah. Tasawuf emphasizes inner purity and closeness to Allah through praiseworthy traits like patience and reliance. The study explores the implementation of Akhlak and Tasawuf education in fostering the democratic character of PAI students at FITK UNSIQ in Wonosobo, Central Java in 2023. The research methodology employs a qualitative approach with descriptive field methods, collecting data through participant observation, interviews, and documentation. Findings indicate that discussion methods effectively link theory to practice, while implementation involves tailored planning and structured execution. Supporting factors include student equality, campus traditions, and a high number of students from Islamic boarding schools, while hindrances encompass student disinterest, lack of awareness, and a shortage of competent lecturers.

TEACHER PERCEPTIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A DEMOCRATIC CLASSROOM ATMOSPHERE IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

The implementation of a democratic classroom atmosphere in elementary schools is still very rare because most of them are still authoritarian and focus on the teacher, even though a democratic classroom atmosphere is very important because it can foster students' enthusiasm for learning, increase student participation in learning, teach democratic values, and create a classroom culture that reflects democratic character. Therefore, this research is important to find out the strategies and ways that teachers can create a democratic classroom atmosphere by recognizing the diverse characteristics of their students. Part of the purpose of this research is to find out teachers' understanding of a democratic classroom atmosphere, efforts, forms of implementation, and evaluations made by teachers in implementing a democratic classroom atmosphere in elementary schools. This study used a sample of 30 students from grades V and VI of SD Muhammadiyah 1 Ketelan Surakarta. This research is a type of descriptive qualitative research by describing the data that has been obtained and analyzing the results of the research. Data were collected through classroom observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis of research results using transcription and classification. The results in this study show that teachers have successfully implemented a democratic classroom atmosphere. Teacher perceptions are in accordance with the concept of a democratic classroom atmosphere, teacher efforts and implementation are carried out by fostering active participation of students in discussion activities, providing equal access and facilities, appreciation, interpreting diversity, and giving students freedom to express and speak without fear of being punished. Teacher evaluation uses reflection and direct observation during learning.

Participative Governance Tools in the Polish Local Government

Participation is an important element of good governance, and has impact on both its efficiency and democratic character. This is why the local governments in Poland apply a growing number of diverse participatory tools in strategic planning, as well as problem solving. The article aims to review the most common among those tools to provide an overview of how communes encourage citizen involvement in decision-making process. Among others, the article discusses such popular tools as consultations and participatory budgeting, as well as the more innovative ones, including civic panels and city labs. It also reflects on how participatory governance tools should be assessed and which of their features are key.

Public Reason, Bioethics, and Public Policy: A Seductive Delusion or Ambitious Aspiration?

Can Rawlsian public reason sufficiently justify public policies that regulate or restrain controversial medical and technological interventions in bioethics (and the broader social world), such as abortion, physician aid-in-dying, CRISPER-cas9 gene editing of embryos, surrogate mothers, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis of eight-cell embryos, and so on? The first part of this essay briefly explicates the central concepts that define Rawlsian political liberalism. The latter half of this essay then demonstrates how a commitment to Rawlsian public reason can ameliorate (not completely resolve) many of the policy disagreements related to bioethically controversial medical interventions today. The goal of public reason is to reduce the size of the disagreement by eliminating features of the disagreement that violate the norms of public reason. The norms of public reason are those norms that are politically necessary to preserve the liberal, pluralistic, democratic character of this society. What remains is reasonable disagreement to be addressed through normal democratic deliberative processes. Specific issues addressed from a public reason perspective include personal responsibility for excessive health costs, the utility of a metaphysical definition of death for organ transplantation, and the moral status of excess embryos generated through IVF and/or their use in medical research.

An Attack on the Rule of Law in Israel

Abstract This article analyzes the implications of the proposals of the Minister of Justice and the Chair of the Knesset's Constitution Committee to overhaul the judiciary of Israel. These proposals, if legislated, will undermine basic principles of democracy, the rule of law, and the protection of human rights. In the absence of a complete formal constitution and its relatively weak system of checks and balances, Israel has developed several institutions that protect the rule of law and human rights, including a Supreme Court with the power of judicial review of legislation; a balanced and professional system for selecting judges; a strong legal civil service, with a relatively independent attorney general. The so-called legal reforms deal specifically with these institutions, and seek to weaken or annul them. As such, this judicial overhaul is tantamount to a revolutionary attempt to change the regime and would undermine the democratic character of Israel.

Проект «социальной теологии» в учении Вальтера Раушенбуша

The article examines the question of the possibility of transforming systematic theology in accordance with the main ideas of the "social gospel". This question was formulated in the last significant work of the eminent American theologian of the early twentieth century, Walter Rauschenbusch, Theology for the Social Gospel. The work was published in 1917, a year before the thinker's death. Walter Rauschenbusch was convinced that it was necessary to transform a number of provisions of Christian doctrine, taking into account some important discoveries that became apparent in the context of the social interpretation of Christianity. These "discoveries" seem new only from the standpoint of historical Christianity, which was seriously influenced by the mystical, metaphysical and ascetic tendencies of the Greco-Roman intellectual tradition alien to it. In reality, according to V. Raushenbush, these “discoveries” of the social gospel were part of the original content of the Christian gospel and are now again updated in the context of social interpretation. W. Rauschenbusch refers to such provisions of the social gospel, which should be introduced into systematic Christian theology, the following ideas: 1. A broader interpretation of the nature of evil (evil has not only an individual, but also a social nature). Evil is rooted not only in a person's freedom, but also in some social institutions that incline a person's will to a vicious life. 2. “Limiting the theological weight” of the doctrine of the original sin in order to educate Christians in active enthusiasm instead of passive contrition for the fall, the consequences of which no one can overcome. 3. Salvation has both a personal and a social dimension. The personal conversion of a Christian is necessarily linked to his social mission. Social responsibility should not be seen as a secondary consequence of acquiring personal faith. One is unthinkable without the other. By acquiring personal faith, a person also acquires social responsibility towards other people. 4. Democratic character of theology instead of despotic. Theology should be guided by the gospel understanding of God as a loving and merciful Father. 5. Social interpretation of eschatology. The posthumous existence of people in heaven and hell should not be regarded as a state of "eternal rest". It is necessary to admit the existence of active love in paradise, which will contribute to the correction of sinners and the perfection of the righteous. It is an eschatology of hope instead of an eschatology of punishment.

Implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile in Pancasila Education Subjects to Improve Democratic Character

The Pancasila learner profile is an implementation of the Merdeka curriculum which includes the character building of students. Character education is closely related to the Pancasila learner profile in the Merdeka curriculum in a formal education environment which aims to shape character in accordance with the values of Pancasila. Pancasila education is one of the subjects integrated with the Pancasila learner profile. Meanwhile, the character of democracy in research can develop through the Pancasila learner profile applied in the classroom. So, the purpose of this study is to describe the form of implementation of the Pancasila learner profile in Pancasila education subjects to improve the democratic character of 4th grade elementary school students and to determine the impact of the implementation of the Pancasila learner profile on democratic character. This research is a qualitative research. This research data comes from observation results, interview results, and results, documentation. Data analysis used in the form of data reduction, data display, and conclusing drawing. The results showed that the implementation of the Pancasila learner profile at SDN Barengkrajan 2 in the Pancasila Education subject found no obstacles, it's just that teachers still need adjustments in its implementation. The Pancasila learner profile has a good impact on the development of students' democratic character because the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum emphasizes students so that students can be free in shaping democratic character in learning activities.

THE ROLE OF THE PRINCIPAL IN STRENGTHENING THE RELIGIOUS CHARACTER VALUES OF STUDENTS AT SD AL ISLAM PENGKOL JEPARA

One of the characteristics that must be instilled in students at the elementary school level is religious character. Religious character is the foundation for cultivating student character, where an excellent religious character can create moral human resources. Cultivating religious character cannot be separated from the role of the school principal. This research aims to analyze the role of SD Al Islam Pengkol Jepara's principal in strengthening students' religious character through the pillars of the Pancasila student profile of faith and devotion to God Almighty. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative case study type with data analysis techniques used, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The research results show that school principals are essential in cultivating student character. In general, the program launched by the principal of SD Al Islam Pengkol Jepara is divided into three programs: class, habituation, and exemplary. The class program is filled with written Pegon, Diniyyah classes, and Islamic boarding school classes. The habituation program is filled with praying Dluha and Dzuhur in the congregation, praying and reading the Asmaul Husna before learning and getting used to shaking hands and kissing the teacher's hand. The exemplary programs carried out by school principals include exemplary religious character, exemplary disciplinary character, exemplary democratic character, and exemplary social care character.

Characteristics of cyberspace as a distinct domain of conflict: A case study of U.S. strategic operations

In this paper, I intend to contribute to the systematic study of cyber strategies and policies by offering a synthesis of key events and findings on state actions in cyberspace after 2007. Such a synthesis implies tracing the processes that contributed to the beginning of the militarization of cyberspace from 2007 to 2013. Then, it implies defining the basic characteristics of cyberspace that determine the actions of states, among which are: the democratic character; high potential for human error; attribution problem; technical volatility; and time and speed constraints. Finally, the synthesis includes a concrete example of the influence of key characteristics on the strategic behavior of the USA. Based on the analysis of the strategic documents of the USA and the analysis of the previous behavior of this country, I argue that the theory of ?persistent engagement?, which in its construction considers the aforementioned characteristics, remains the backbone of the USA?s behavior in cyberspace.

ANTEPROJETO DE (RE)QUALIFICAÇÃO: CONVERTENDO UM ESTACIONAMENTO PRIVADO EM UM ESPAÇO PÚBLICO NO QUADRILÁTERO CENTRAL DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE - SP

The Center is a place of historical, economic and social importance in the urban fabric of cities that, in recent years, has undergone degradative processes, which have gradually taken away its importance for the city. The monotony of uses, the departure of residents, the lack of public spaces and the emergence of sub-centers are examples of the problems faced by them. One of the places that suffers most from these changes is the public space, as it is taken away along with the elites. Due to the intensity of commercial uses, many lots end up being destined to house private parking lots, which represent a lower use of the social function of the lots in the center. The main objective of the work was to survey and analyze the private parking lots in the central Prudentine quadrilateral, in order to propose guidelines that can transform these places into public spaces attentive to the needs of their users. This article considered bibliographic reviews, documentary analyzes and urban references. In addition, to make this (re)qualification proposal feasible, digital and on-site surveys of the surroundings were carried out in order to raise existing problems and needs. As a result of this work, general and specific urbanistic guidelines were proposed in order to enhance the democratic character of the city center, especially its public spaces. These guidelines will be exemplified through the proposal of a preliminary design of a public space from the requalification of a private parking lot in Presidente Prudente’s center.

Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Karakter dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Rumah Ibu Karya Harris Effendi Thahar

This study aims to describe the values of character education contained in the collection of short stories Rumah Ibu by Harris Effendi Thaha, to describe the values of character education that often appear in the collection of short stories Rumah Ibu by Harris Effendi Thahar, to describe the values of character education that rarely appears in the short story collection Rumah Ibu by Harris Effendi Thahar, and describes the values of character education that are not found in the short story collection Rumah Ibu by Harris Effendi Thahar. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive method. The data in this study are narrative sentences and units of events that contain character education values. Sources of data in this study were 12 short stories contained in the collection of short stories Rumah Ibu by Harris Effendi Thahar. The results showed that there were 18 values of character education in the short story collection Rumah Ibu by Harris Effendi Thahar, the value of character education that often appears is the value of religious character education, the value of character education that rarely appears is the value of disciplined and democratic character education.

Leadership in Public Health: Challenges and Opportunities In Improving the Quality of Public Services

Purpose: This work examines the role of Leadership in the Public Sector, with a focus on the leaders' interaction with their teams, aiming to build a harmonious interpersonal relationship to ensure successful management. This, in turn, allows for the creation of management with a predominantly democratic character, with the potential to address both local and societal needs. In this context, it is emphasized that motivation is something intrinsic to each individual, and the leader must have the potential to stimulate it. The general objective of this work is to analyse the importance of leadership in improving the performance of employees in the context of Public Health. Theoretical Framework: Leadership permeates all managerial activities and is not an isolated activity. Its importance is underestimated when judged solely in terms of the proportion of managerial activities that are strictly related to team management. Method/design/approach: This research is exploratory in nature, as it conducted a literature review on the role of leadership in public institutions, using various publicly available sources such as books, journals, theses, internet articles, and monographs. Results and conclusion: The coordinator and 10 employees from various positions out of the total of 40 were selected to participate in the research. It is noteworthy that the leader holds a degree in Pedagogy and is currently pursuing Nursing, is 34 years old, female, and has previously served as a coordinator in the same UBS for 4 years in the recent past, marking her first leadership experience at the age of 26. Currently, she leads a team of 40 people. Research implications: The research emphasizes the creation of a management with a democratic predominance. If the results indicate that leadership plays a significant role in this aspect, it may influence management practices in healthcare units and potentially in other public sector organizations. Originality/value: The research focuses on the field of Public Health, which can be considered original, as it is a specific and critical area of the public sector that is not frequently addressed in general leadership studies.