Delicate Situations Research Articles

'Political Role in Journalism': Issues and Challenges in Nepal and Beyond

This paper examines the intricate connection between politics and journalism, highlighting the difficulties and effects of political influence on journalistic practices. The study shows, through a review of the, statement of problem, study of object and literature, that political beliefs have a major influence on media narratives, which frequently results in skewed reporting. The study is dependence of self-censorship, especially in authoritarian regimes. The crucial role that journalism plays in influencing public opinion and its consequences for democratic processes are also covered in this essay. It also draws attention to the difficulties that journalists encounter in politically delicate situations, such as censorship, physical threats, and legal constraints. The results highlight the necessity for journalistic independence and integrity to support democratic processes, as well as the dual role that media plays as a safeguard for democracy and a possible conduit for political influence. The study highlights the role that independent journalism plays in defending democratic norms in Nepal and notes the challenges that journalists confront in upholding impartiality and moral standards in the face of political polarization.

Status of Elderly People in Chandragiri Municipality of Kathmandu

This paper examines the intricate connection between politics and journalism, highlighting the difficulties and effects of political influence on journalistic practices. The study shows, through a review of the, statement of problem, study of object and literature, that political beliefs have a major influence on media narratives, which frequently results in skewed reporting. The study is dependence of self-censorship, especially in authoritarian regimes. The crucial role that journalism plays in influencing public opinion and its consequencesfor democratic processes are also covered in this essay. It also draws attention to the difficulties that journalists encounter in politically delicate situations, such as censorship, physical threats, and legal constraints. The results highlight the necessity for journalistic independence and integrity to support democratic processes, as well as the dual role that media plays as a safeguard for democracy and a possible conduit for political influence. The study highlights the role that independent journalism plays in defending democratic norms in Nepal and notes the challenges that journalists confront in upholding impartiality and moral standards in the face of political polarization.

Securing the Data Using an Efficient Machine Learning Technique

More accessible data and the rise of advanced data analysis contribute to using complex models in decision-making across various fields. Nevertheless, protecting people’s privacy is vital. Medical predictions often employ decision trees due to their simplicity; however, they may also be a source of privacy violations. We will apply differential privacy to this end, a mathematical framework that adds random values to the data to provide secure confidentiality while maintaining accuracy. Our novel method Dual Noise Integrated Privacy Preservation (DNIPP) focuses on building decision forests to achieve privacy. DNIPP provides more protection against breaches in deep sections of the tree, thereby reducing noise in final predictions. We combine multiple trees into one forest using a method that considers each tree’s accuracy. Furthermore, we expedite this procedure by employing an iterative approach. Experiments demonstrate that DNIPP outperforms other approaches on real datasets. This means that DNIPP offers a promising approach to reconciling accuracy and privacy during sensitive tasks. In DNIPP, the strategic allocation of privacy budgets provides a beneficial compromise between privacy and utility. DNIPP protects privacy by prioritizing privacy concerns at lower, more vulnerable nodes, resulting in accurate and private decision forests. Furthermore, the selective aggregation technique guarantees the privacy of a forest by combining multiple data points. DNIPP provides a robust structure for decision-making in delicate situations, ensuring the model's effectiveness while safeguarding personal privacy.

Leveraging AI and Blockchain for Privacy Preservation and Security in Fog Computing

INTRODUCTION: Cloud computing's offshoot, fog computing, moves crucial data storage, processing, and networking capabilities closer to the people who need them. There are certain advantages, such improved efficiency and lower latency, but there are also some major privacy and security concerns. For these reasons, this article presents a new paradigm for fog computing that makes use of blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI).
 OBJECTIVES: The main goal of this research is to create and assess a thorough framework for fog computing that incorporates AI and blockchain technology. With an emphasis on protecting the privacy and integrity of data transactions and streamlining the management of massive amounts of data, this project seeks to improve the security and privacy of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems that are cloud-based.
 METHODS: Social network analysis methods are utilised in this study. The efficiency and accuracy of data processing in fog computing are guaranteed by the application of artificial intelligence, most especially Support Vector Machine (SVM), due to its resilience in classification and regression tasks. The network's security and reliability are enhanced by incorporating blockchain technology, which creates a decentralised system that is tamper resistant. To make users' data more private, zero-knowledge proof techniques are used to confirm ownership of data without actually disclosing it.
 RESULTS: When applied to fog computing data, the suggested approach achieves a remarkable classification accuracy of 99.8 percent. While the consensus decision-making process of the blockchain guarantees trustworthy and secure operations, the support vector machine (SVM) efficiently handles massive data analyses. Even in delicate situations, the zero-knowledge proof techniques manage to keep data private. When these technologies are integrated into the fog computing ecosystem, the chances of data breaches and illegal access are greatly reduced.
 CONCLUSION: Fog computing, which combines AI with blockchain, offers a powerful answer to the privacy and security issues with cloud centric IIoT systems. Combining SVM with AI makes data processing more efficient, while blockchain's decentralised and immutable properties make it a strong security measure. Additional security for user privacy is provided via zero-knowledge proofs. Improving the privacy and security of fog computing networks has never been easier than with this novel method.

Multifunctional Polypyrrole-Based Textile Sensors for Integration into Personal Protection Equipment.

Integrated safety sensors for personal protection equipment increasingly attract research activities as there is a high need for workers in delicate situations to be physically monitored in order to avoid accidents. In this work, we present a simple approach to generate thin, homogeneous polypyrrole (PPy) layers on flexible textile polyamide fabrics. PPy layers of 0.5-1 µm were deposited on the fabric, which thus kept its flexibility. The conductive layers are multifunctional and can act as temperature and gas sensors for the detection of corrosive gases such as HCl and NH3. Using three examples of life-threatening environments, we were able to monitor temperature, atmospheric NH3 and HCl within critical ranges, i.e., 100 to 400 ppm for ammonia and 20 to 100 ppm for HCl. In the presence of HCl, a decrease in resistance was observed, while gaseous NH3 led to an increase in resistance. The sensor signal thus allows for distinguishing between these two gases and indicating critical concentrations. The simple and cheap manufacturing of such PPy sensors is of substantial interest for the future design of multifunction functional sensors in protective clothing.

Mapping of functional areas in Spain based on mobile phone data during different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT Mobility functional areas are tools based on human mobility that can be useful for spatial and transport planning in delicate situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In this work, we aim to map functional areas in Spain from four days corresponding to different phases of the disease. For that goal, mobile phone data provided by Spanish Statistical National Institute (INE) has been used due to its value and potential to provide constantly updated information of mobility at almost-real time. The methodology consists of a network analysis over an origin-destination matrix to obtain modularity values for 3214 population cells provided by the INE. These values were then used to cluster the cells into functional areas. The results show how different confinement and mobility restriction policies influence the amount, size and shape of the functional areas, and therefore, they affect access to services or jobs.

State Immunity, Between Past and Future

Background: State immunity, a subject rarely encountered in the East, is being brought to light more and more often lately. In the process of being detached from customary law, it has been subject to several attempts at codification. These attempts appear to have been overtaken by developments in doctrine, which demonstrates the existence of potentially delicate situations of public international law. In this context, we recall the United Nations Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and their Property (New York, December 2004), which has not yet entered into force.1 In this context, we also note the initiatives for the establishment of the European Court of State Immunity contained in the European Convention on State Immunity of 1972 and its Additional Protocol, which has never been operational.2 Methods: This article aims to take stock of the status quo of the doctrine of state immunity in international law as a whole by highlighting the existing normative aspects in relation to the problems of implementation. Results and Conclusions: The arguments and conclusions are intended to underline the importance of understanding the reality, in particular, of how this doctrine works together with its exceptions. The method of scientific introspection based on primary and secondary data from scientific journals, books, documents, expert opinions, and other publications has been used to develop this article.

The Management of Voluntary Abortion in Family Counselling Services. A Qualitative Study on the Role of Social Workers in Italy

Introduction. Elective abortion has always been considered taboo. The event can sometimes be experienced as traumatic, as the woman finds herself struggling against a range of emotions: fear, shame, ambivalence, and a sense of guilt. Multidisciplinary support is therefore fundamental to guide women during this complex phase, and social workers usually play a key role in the process. The present study aimed therefore to explore the experiences and perspectives of social workers who worked with women who decided to have abortions, focusing on the strongest and weakest aspects of their support process. Methodology. The study involved 10 social workers working in family counselling services in Italy. All of them were female, with a mean age of 47 years, and a mean of 16.7 years of experience in the field. The study followed a qualitative approach, based on semi-structured interviews that were studied following the principles of thematic analysis. Results. Three fundamental themes emerged from the data analysis: “Limits of the family counselling procedures and organization”; “The emotional dimension of elective abortion”; and “The issue of conscientious objectors”. Discussion. The study highlighted how family counselling services are facing a crisis due to the lack of resources, personnel, and projects allowing for women’s proper sexual education and support. It also showed how the social worker’s role, which is fundamental, has instead been reduced, especially regarding elective abortions. Moreover, there was a lack of social and sanitary contexts integration and professional training that would provide the operators with specific skills and make them feel prepared to address such delicate situations. Conclusions. The need has emerged for a new, multidisciplinary perspective on the issue of voluntary interruption of pregnancy and social workers play a major role. However, the support system still presents many shortcomings for the women in need of assistance. The present study offers innovative and practical suggestions to properly fill these gaps.

Public Transport Tweets in London, Madrid and Prague in the COVID-19 Period—Temporal and Spatial Differences in Activity Topics

Public transport requires constant feedback to improve and satisfy daily users. Twitter offers monitoring of user messages, discussion and emoticons addressed to official transport provider accounts. This information can be particularly useful in delicate situations such as management of transit operations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The behaviour of Twitter users in Madrid, London and Prague is analysed with the goal of recognising similar patterns and detecting differences in traffic related topics and temporal cycles. Topics in transit tweets were identified using the bag of words approach and pre-processing in R. COVID-19 is a dominant topic for both London and Madrid but a minor one for Prague, where Twitter serves mainly to deliver messages from politicians and stakeholders. COVID-19 interferes with the meaning of other topics, such as overcrowding or staff. Additionally, specific topics were discovered, such as air quality in Victoria Station, London, or racism in Madrid. For all cities, transit-related tweeting activity declines over weekends. However, London shows much less decline than Prague or Madrid. Weekday daily rhythms show major tweeting activity during the morning in all cities but with different start times. The spatial distribution of tweets for the busiest stations shows that the best-balanced tweeting activity is found in Madrid metro stations.

Numerical Simulation of a CAM-Measured Spectra Influenced by Coarse Aerosol

In nuclear facilities, the mandatory atmosphere surveillance is operated by Continuous Air Monitors. This standalone instrument is designed to measure the airborne aerosol activity concentration and to trig an alarm signal when a predetermined activity concentration is exceeded. However, a rapid resuspension event of coarse aerosol leads to a measurement error: the airborne aerosol activity concentration is over-evaluated. Prior results have shown that the coarse aerosol deposit disturbs the background evaluation for the radioactivity measurement. The interactions between radioactive aerosols (with radon daughters) and coarse non-radioactive aerosols have to be investigated by running together aerosol models and nuclear simulations. Therefore, this paper investigates different ways to represent an aerosol deposit in numerical simulations. We developed two numerical aerosol deposit models that we integrated into Geant4, a tool for the simulation of the passage of radiations through matter, and then compared these to experimental results. The simplest model was discarded, and by using the second model, we managed to correctly frame our simulation results as an experimental measurement: an aerosol has been correctly considered in a nuclear simulation. By combining theory, simulations, and experimentations on both aerosol science and nuclear physics, this research will be able to improve the comprehension of monitors’ behaviour in delicate situations and, more broadly, the filtration of aerosols using radioactivity.

Severe epistaxis and pregnancy ''about two cases'' and review of the literature

<p>Epistaxis is a health ENT problem which is still current, this is one of the commonly encountered emergencies in Rhinology. The nasal mucosa suffered influence systemic, local, metabolic or hormonal disorders causing a slowdown of muco-ciliary function during pregnancy. These observations relate the clinical and therapeutic particularities of the management for severe epistaxis in women during the last trimester of pregnancy. The woman's hormonal system is unique in its kind due to cyclic changes during pregnancy, the menstrual cycle and menopause. Our clinical observations confirm the effects of these metabolic, endocrinological and physiological alterations related to pregnancy. In a tropical environment with the inadequacy of ENT specialists, base medical personnel is often confronted with delicate clinical situations in the evolution of ENT diseases. Management for epistaxis during pregnancy is special because of its context, well evident diagnosis requires vital gestures as evidenced by our observations. The ear, nose and throat specialist must necessarily be well warned of its physiological changes during pregnancy to better understand the clinical evolution of certain common throat diseases as epistaxis. Epistaxis during pregnancy is a subject that remains topical in the field of care, it is promoted directly or indirectly by hormonal changes. Multidisciplinary management in coordination must be done in a timely manner because the risks are not negligible for the health of the mother and the child.</p>

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Previous article FreeBack CoverPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailQR Code SectionsMoreTouchdowns, Type I vs. II Errors: False Negatives and Positives, Whether at Work or PlayIn The Billion-Dollar Game, about the financial behemoth the Super Bowl has become, Allen St. John explains some protocols for the Thursday night Playboy-sponsored VIP party:“The American Airlines guards weren’t particularly subtle in dealing with delicate situations: Do you have a ticket? Okay, you’re in. No ticket? Go away. Their emphasis was making sure that the wrong person didn’t get in. While that’s a consideration for Playboy, an even bigger problem is when the right person gets turned away or hassled unnecessarily.”[Allen St. John, The Billion-Dollar Game (New York: Anchor Books, 2010), p. 54](Suggested by Allen R. Sanderson) Previous article DetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Political Economy Volume 130, Number 11November 2022 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/723189 Views: 281Total views on this site © 2022 The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Creative multimodal and multilingual puns as and through joint actions in Korean media interviews

This study examines how participants in Korean media talk, specifically talk show interviews, interactively construct puns as and through joint actions. Going beyond puns as humorous wordplay, the study illustrates their interactional and pragmatic functions. A close examination of the sequential positions and interactional contexts of puns in 16 different interviews shows that they recurrently emerge when participants are placed, socially or interactionally, in delicate or difficult situations. Through puns, the participants not only recontextualise the local meaning of a particular target word, but also globally transform the focus and frame of the troublesome ongoing interaction, as well as managing their identities and roles in the interaction. The analysis shows that the participants creatively design puns based on Korean words as well as utilising English words, formulating multilingual puns. The study also demonstrates that puns are often accompanied, triggered or entirely performed by nonlinguistic devices (e.g. body movements, gestures, facial expressions).These multimodal resources play a key role in formulating creative puns, in understanding and responding to puns, and in diverting the trajectory of ongoing interaction.

Internal and external drivers for compliance with the COVID-19 preventive measures in Slovenia: The view from general deterrence and protection motivation.

The emergence of a pandemic is usually accompanied by different measures–economic, social, preventive, and (self)protective. In the case of the COVID-19, several preventive measures were formally enforced by state authorities in the majority of countries worldwide. Thus, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the intertwining of formal and informal social control could be observed. Hence, in this study a cross-sectional design was chosen to explore the issue in Slovenia. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first in the current literature to empirically test the general deterrence theory in pandemic circumstances (as external factors predicting individuals’ compliance with the COVID-19 preventive measures). The results suggest an important role of informal punishment, with perceived informal severity being the only statistically significant factor from the general deterrence theory. In contrast to external factors, internal factors play a significantly greater role in promoting people’s self-protective behavior in pandemic circumstances. During the unknown, the uncertain and delicate situations with which people have no previous experience, both personal beliefs about the effectiveness of measures and perceived self-efficacy are more important than fear of formal sanctions.

57.2 PARENTS, PRONOUNS, AND PUBERTY DURING THE PANDEMIC: AFFIRMING CARE FOR THE GENDER-TRANSITIONING ADOLESCENT

Objectives: Youth presenting with gender-identity concerns across development require a level of assessment that goes beyond what is typically taught in child and adolescent psychiatry residency. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic presented new, immediate challenges to deliver equitable care over telehealth to youth with varying levels of family acceptance at home, and with different levels of privacy for the youth to engage in confidential conversations. Complicated family situations (eg, divorced parents, disagreeing parents) often introduce a more difficult element to an already challenging situation. Working to understand the relationship between the youth’s gender presentation and other co-occurring mental health issues, often entails navigating these complicated systems and family situations very delicately. Methods: Through the use of clinical case vignettes and presentation of the available evidence regarding family support for youth with gender-identity issues, the presenter will illustrate the complexity of working with gender-diverse youth presenting with challenging family situations, both with telehealth and in the typical office setting. Results: Understanding the impact of challenging family situations on decision making with gender-diverse youth is important for child and adolescent psychiatrists when promoting positive outcomes for these youth. Conclusions: Addressing complicated family dynamics is a crucial part of the treatment frame for many youth presenting with gender-identity concerns. The lack of training that child and adolescent psychiatrists receive to manage these delicate situations can negatively affect patient outcomes. This session aims to mitigate those effects. SEX, TVM, FAM

Positive and negative affect during the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine in Portugal

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly around the world and Portugal is no exception. Positive and negative effects are extremely important in individual's life experiences and in particular in the context of the quarantine, in which it is important to maintain the balance between favorable and unfavorable situations. The purpose of this paper is to study in depth the intensity of the affect during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal and to validate a scale of positive and negative affect in the context of quarantine and confinement.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology used is of a quantitative nature, based on a questionnaire survey to measure the intensity of the affects and to analyze some sociodemographic variables. The sample consists of 726 individuals of age 18 years or older, who were in Portugal during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic.FindingsThe results show that respondents were concerned, anxious, well-disposed and impatient. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis applied to affects produced a latent structure with two factors: negative affect and positive affect. The affect scale has adequate convergent and discriminant validity and good internal consistency, with negative affect being experienced by individuals with greater intensity compared to positive affect.Originality/valueIt is hoped that this study contributes to an increase in the scientific knowledge in the field of the affects in the context of delicate situations such as the pandemic COVID-19 so that health professionals can intervene to improve individual’s well-being. This is an important way to provide better health policy that considers in more depth individual wellbeing and emotions during times of crisis. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also stated that highlight the importance of understanding emotional states of individuals during crisis events.

Initiating and maintaining student-instructor rapport in face-to-face classes

ABSTRACT We examined college instructors’ perceptions of the behaviors and contextual factors that allow them to initiate and maintain rapport with their students. Phenomenological interviews with 21 college instructors indicated that instructors rely on different strategies and contextual factors to initiate and to maintain rapport with students across the semester. At the beginning of the semester, these instructors rely on a variety of connecting, common grounding, and information sharing behaviors and leverage baked-in rapport to cultivate a sense of rapport from their students. After rapport has been initiated, these instructors place more emphasis on attentive and courteous behaviors, while continuing to engage in connecting behaviors. Furthermore, these instructors identified personalized instruction and tactful responses to delicate situations as essential for maintaining a strong sense of rapport across the semester. Findings from the present study provide college instructors with a framework for initiating and maintaining rapport with students in their classrooms.

Eutanasia: muerte humanitária

In veterinary medicine euthanasia is a very common practice, where it aims to interrupt the animal's suffering, due to some pathology that has no cure or painful processes. The word euthanasia according to the dictionary means a death without pain or suffering. Based on the position of being able to carry out this process and also having the competence to be able to evaluate and decide when euthanasia should be carried out, the veterinarian must know what methods and procedures are allowed and prohibited before carrying out this process. As it is still a very controversial procedure for many people to understand, veterinarians end up not receiving all the recognition they deserve, and often for lack of information, after all this is one of the most delicate situations found in this profession. This work aims to gather and expose the maximum amont of information about euthanasia in the literature, and to emphasize that this procedure is bases on legislation, and to be able to clarify that it is a procedure that is necessary to be more debated during academic life, why in professional life the veterinarian life must be prepared to decide when to perform and deal with external factors, such as psychological impacts.

Maintaining Professional Encounters and Enhancing Telemedicine Interactions With Core Virtual-Clinical Values

Maintaining Professional Encounters and Enhancing Telemedicine Interactions With Core Virtual-Clinical Values

Developing an e-portfolio reflecting the concept of mediation for university students

Nearly 20 years have passed since the publication of CEFR (Council of Europe [CoE] 2001) and society has become more globalized with the development of information technology. At the same time, it has become more complex with many international issues needing to be solved. Reflecting on changes in society, the CEFR Companion Volume (CEFR/CV) was published in 2018, in which the concept of mediation is emphasized (CoE 2018). At the conference marking the launch of CEFR/CV, North (2018) explained mediation as a social and cultural process of creating conditions for communication and cooperation, which involves facing and hopefully defusing any delicate situations and tensions that may arise. In this increasingly globalized society, being able to play an active role as a mediator using English will be important. In Japan, the CEFR has been widely used in English education, including the new Courses of Study of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) for junior high schools (MEXT 2017) and high schools (MEXT 2018). However, the concept of mediation emphasized in CEFR/CV has not been well recognized yet. Incorporating the concept of mediation is meaningful in English education in Japan for English learners to use English as a tool for global communication. In this paper, I will present the process of developing an e-portfolio based upon a learning management system (LMS) to promote students’ use of English as a tool for global communication integrating mediation Can Do descriptors from the CEFR/CV.