Degree Of Perfection Research Articles

The principle of ecological and molecular consensus in reconstructed plague microbe <i>Yersinia pestis</i> phylogeny

In the second half of the 20th century, through the efforts of scientists from many countries, a coherent theory of natural plague foci (sylvatic plague) was formulated, attempted to describe the history of the origin and evolution of the causative agent of plague infection, the microbeYersinia pestis. But the accumulated knowledge in this regard remained extremely limited. Envisioned by the modern phylogenetics, the methods of phylogenetic constructions in the pregenomic time were rather primitive, “manual”, characteristic of early empirico-intuitive Haeckel phylogenetics. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the introduction of genomic methodologies in the study of the plague pathogen allowed to detail the intraspecific diversity (subspecies, genovariants) of this particularly dangerous pathogen at the level of geographical and local populations (individual natural foci) around the world and to bring the diagnostics and description of intraspecific diversity to a high degree of perfection. Two important discoveries were made. First, the direct ancestor of the plague microbe was reliably established, it turned out to be the causative agent of intestinal infection — Far Eastern scarlet-like fever (Y. pseudotuberculosis0:1b). Secondly, the evolutionary youth of the plague pathogen was shown, the “molecular clock” showed the time of its divergence from the ancestral population no earlier than 30 thousand years ago. Thus, the root of the phylogenetic tree ofY. pestiswas fully characterized. Nevertheless, molecular genetic (MG) achievements do not yet allow to reveal the secrets of its phylogeny, i.e. the origin and sequence of world expansion. The most important reason is the high dependence of the MG of phylogeny reconstructions on the choice of evolutionary model for the analyzed characters: the model of neutral evolution is traditionally accepted, but its adequacy in relation toY. pestisphylogeny is questioned by many well-known ecological (in the broad sense) facts. At the same time, MG achievements contributed to the creation of an ecological (ECO) approach based on the provisions of the theory of natural plague foci in an updated version, according to which the plague pathogen is an evolutionarily young pathogen descended from a psychrophilic pseudotuberculous ancestor. The presumptive ECO scenario has no obvious natural-scientific and historical contradictions and can serve as a null hypothesis for improving the MG methodology of phylogenetic constructions for plague and other similar microbes. It is suggested that the creation of a real phylogeny of the plague microbe is possible only based on integration of MG and ECO approaches.

How is the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for acupuncture treatment of post-stroke aphasia? A report quality assessment.

This study aimed to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have reported the use of acupuncture for the treatment of post-stroke aphasia (PSA). We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang data Information Site, and China Science and Technology Journal Database from January 2013 to June 2023. RCTs utilizing acupuncture as an intervention for the treatment of post-stroke aphasia were included in this study. The overall quality score (OQS) of RCTs was independently evaluated by two researchers using the Consolidated Standards for Reporting Trials (CONSORT) and the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) guidelines, with the agreement between researchers calculated using Cohen's kappa statistics. In conclusion, we included 38 RCTs in this study. The median OQS of the 38 RCTs was 13 (minimum 8, maximum 20) based on the CONSORT statement. Out of all CONSORT items, 10 (27%) had a positive rate of greater than 80%, while 17 (46%) had a positive rate of less than 10%. The median OQS of the 38 RCTs was 12 (minimum 6, maximum 14) based on the STRICTA guideline. Within the STRICTA guideline, 6 items (35%) had a positive rate of greater than 80%, and 3 items (18%) had a positive rate of less than 10%. Most items based on the CONSORT and STRICTA guidelines were observed to have a perfect or good degree of agreement. The overall reporting quality of RCTs for acupuncture treatment of PSA was found to be suboptimal. Notably, the reporting quality of the STRICTA guideline is higher compared to the CONSORT statement. Therefore, strict adherence to both the CONSORT and STRICTA statements is recommended to enhance the quality of RCT reports on acupuncture treatment for post-stroke aphasia.

Performance of Recycled Opaque PET Modified by Reactive Extrusion

A comparative study of the structural integrity of an opaque recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET-O) has been carried out with two types of modified rPET-O by applying reactive extrusion techniques, namely (a) using a multi-epoxide reactive agent (REx-rPET-O) and (b) a 90/10 (wt/wt) rPET-O/polycarbonate (PC) blend. The chemical modifications introduced during reactive extrusion were confirmed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rheological dynamic analysis (RDA). For the quantification of the fracture parameters, an instrumented pendulum impact testing machine was used using specimens in SENB configuration. The structural modifications generated during reactive extrusion promote an increase of between 16 (REx-rPET-O) and 20% (rPET-O/PC) in the stress-intensity factor (KQ) compared to unmodified rPET-O. The most significant differences between both modifications are registered in the “specific work of fracture” (wf) (alternative parameter to the standardized impact strength), where an increase of 61% is reached for the case of rPET-O/PC and only 11% for REx-rPET-O. This trend can be attributed to the type of reactive modification that is generated, namely chain branching (REx-rPET-O) vs. the generation of a random copolymer “in situ” (rPET-O/PC). This copolymer decreases the crystallization capacity and degree of crystalline perfection of rPET-O, promoting an increase in the critical hydrostatic stress conditions for the generation of crazing and crack propagation.

Nearly perfect reproducibility degree of computed tomography in the evaluation of subcutaneous, visceral, and epicardial adipose volumes and radiodensities in lymphoma patients

Nearly perfect reproducibility degree of computed tomography in the evaluation of subcutaneous, visceral, and epicardial adipose volumes and radiodensities in lymphoma patients

Enhancing microstructural stability and creep properties by Ta addition in Ni-based single crystal superalloys

To investigate influences of Ta content on microstructural stability during thermal exposure at 900 °C (up to 3000 h) and creep properties at 980 °C/163 MPa in Ni-based SX superalloy, alloys with 7Ta, 8Ta and 9Ta (wt.%) were studied utilizing DSC, SEM, TEM, HR-XRD and APT. The results shows that Ta addition enhanced the partitioning behavior of alloying elements. Besides, lattice misfit was controlled by both alloy composition and temperature. Ta addition increased absolute misfit both room temperature and 980 °C. The difference was that the γ/γ′ lattice misfit changed from positive to negative at room temperature. The γ′ coarsening indicated that Ta addition reduced the effective diffusion coefficient and exacerbated W segregation at γ/γ′ interface, which was beneficial to improve the microstructural stability. Merging of several adjacent γ′ precipitates in preferred direction was observed to be delayed with increasing Ta content, which occurred at 500 h for 7Ta alloy, 800 h for 8Ta alloy and 1000 h for 9Ta alloy, respectively. Ta addition affected the diffusion kinetics and greatly prolonged the steady creep duration, and then resulted in longer creep rupture life. It was discussed based on the γ matrix channels, γ′ raft thickness, the perfection degree of γ′ rafts, residual γ′ precipitates, interfacial dislocation networks and solid solution strengthening.

ARGUMENTS REGARDING THE EXISTENCE OF GOD IN THE WORK MONOLOGION

Throughout the history of philosophical thought, both theologians and philosophers have tried to bring arguments in favor of the existence but also of the essence of God. Anselm of Canterbury uses the rational approach to prove God's existence in both the Monologion1 and the Proslogion2 . The work Monologion or on the divine essence represents a landmark for the rational demonstration of the existence and essence of God, through the degrees of perfection of the divine being. Instead, in the work Proslogion his approach is a rational one (a priori) and logically argues the existence of God. In the work Proslogion, Anslem recalls that his first work is an unsuccessful attempt, by weaving several arguments, concatentione multorum argumentorum to demonstrate the reason of faith3 , and what can be observed is the similar way (almost synoptic), in which he begins his and the following works, both in the Proslogion and in Why God became man

Anemia and Fatigue in Patients with Chronic Kidney Failure

Chronic renal failure results in impaired kidney function, effectively eliminating metabolic waste and regulating fluid and electrolyte balance. The accumulation of waste metabolites is thought to impact the occurrence of anemia and fatigue. However, no research has shown a correlation between the incidence of anemia and fatigue in sufferers of chronic kidney failure. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between hemoglobin levels and the degree of fatigue experienced by individuals diagnosed with chronic kidney disease. This research uses a cross-sectional study approach. The study population consisted of patients with chronic kidney failure at one of the hospitals in Lumajang Regency who were identified by the indicator of high BUN values. The sample size for this research was 50 people selected through purposive sampling. The data type used is primary data, with the independent variable being the Hb value, while the dependent variable is the level of fatigue in chronic kidney failure patients. The results of the Pearson correlation test in this study showed that there was a significant relationship between the percentage of hemoglobin levels in the blood and the level of fatigue in chronic kidney failure patients (p-value = <0,000; α = 0.05), with a strength of relationship 0,6092 which means the level Hemoglobin in the blood and the level of fatigue have a perfect degree of correlation. In patients with chronic renal failure and low hemoglobin levels, their fatigue levels will become more severe. Insufficient hemoglobin levels lead to a reduced count of red blood cells, causing a decline in the body's capacity to transport oxygen. This inadequate oxygen supply hampers the oxidation process and energy production in the form of ATP within the body's cells. Consequently, patients with chronic renal failure may undergo a substantial decrease in energy levels and experience significant tiredness.

Rhodamine B-Containing Chitosan-Based Films: Preparation, Luminescent, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Properties.

In this study, Rhodamine B-containing chitosan-based films were prepared and characterized using their mechanical, photophysical, and antibacterial properties. The films were synthesized using the casting method and their mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were found to be dependent on the chemical composition and drying process. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to examine the chemical structure and degree of structural perfection of the films. The photophysical properties of the films, including absorption spectra, fluorescence detection, emission quantum yields, and lifetimes of excited states, were studied in detail. Rhodamine B-containing films exhibited higher temperature sensitivity and showed potential as fluorescent temperature sensors in the physiological range. The antibacterial activity of the films was tested against Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria E. coli, with Rhodamine B-containing films demonstrating more pronounced antibacterial activity compared to blank films. The findings suggest that the elaborated chitosan-based films, particularly those containing Rhodamine B can be of interest for further research regarding their application in various fields such as clinical practice, the food industry, and agriculture due to their mechanical, photophysical, and antibacterial properties.

Thermodynamics of interaction of inulin complex with water

Currently, the key trends in the global food market include the rapidly developing functional nutrition industry, which is of great interest to consumers. Inulin is a natural polysaccharide of plant origin, consisting of residues of E-fructofuranose (fructose). The object of the research is inulin extract from Jerusalem artichoke at different humidity levels. It has been established that to intensify the drying process of inulin extract, it is advisable to increase the mass transfer surface, which can be achieved by spraying the initial product, and using volumetric energy supply methods, in particular, radiation energy supply. The important and most energy-intensive stages of drying are carried out in the hygroscopic area of equilibrium humidity of the object of the research, which determines the intensity and mechanism of the dehumidification operation in order to increase the degree of perfection, select rational operating parameters, adapt to the object of the analysis and solve a mathematical model of removal moisture from it. Based on the sorption isotherms and hygroscopic parameters of the inulin extract obtained in preliminary studies, obtained by dehydrating the inulin extract from Jerusalem artichoke (variety «Skorospelka», grown by JSC «Chaganskoe», the bAstrakhan region), a thermodynamic analysis of the process of sorption and desorption was carried out in different ranges of humidity variation. The total binding energy of moisture with the dry residue of inulin and its thermodynamic components were found. The data obtained do not contradict known literature sources and can be recommended when designing processes for removing moisture from inulin extract and designing drying devices.

О геохимической зональности Верхне-Алиинского месторождения золота в Забайкалье (Россия)

The relevance of the study lies in the need to have objective geochemical data to assess the erosion section level of newly discovered manifestations of ore deposits. One of the examples, used to solve this problem, is the results of the mineralogy and geochemistry study of the Verkhnealiinsky gold deposit in Transbaikalia. The purpose of the study is to determine the zonality in the distribution of minerals, gold and associated chemical elements in the deposit space and to evaluate them as criteria for ore zoning. The object of the study is the Verkhnealinsky gold deposit. The subject of the research is the spatial distribution of minerals and chemical elements in the gold ore zones of the deposit. The methodology consists in diagnostics, determination of the chemical elements content and the establishment of regularities in their spatial distribution using modern methods of analysis, namely, electron microscopy, assay analysis and ICP MS, determination of the degree of the crystal structure perfection. The results of the study are as follows: the content of gold and associated chemical elements in the three most industrially important ore-bearing zones of the Western, Latitudinal and Eastern zones, which differ in the depth of formation, have been determined. The least deep Eastern zone is characterized by the intensive development of zinc, lead, antimony, and arsenic minerals and, accordingly, their maximum content in its upper part. For the deepest Western zone, the maximum development of pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, and cobalt has been revealed, and it is shown that the cobalt-nickel ratio is an important criterion for assessing the level of erosion cut. An important criterion of depth is also the degree of the crystalline structure perfection of vein quartz, which depends both on the crystallization rate, which is determined by the depth from the day surface during the formation of the deposit, and on the amount of isomorphic impurities in it. It is also shown that one of the important criteria for the level of erosion section is the content of rubidium in veined quartz and arsenic in pyrite.

Harmonization of higher education and student management by integrating information technology

Abstract In recent years, higher education management has been improving, but the coordinated development of the overall educational management and student management system of colleges and universities still needs to be further improved and enhanced. This paper uses data envelopment analysis and data fusion technology to establish DEA fusion algorithm and DEA-Malmquist index method to evaluate and analyze students’ learning efficiency in colleges and universities. The results indicated that the average degree of perfection of online teaching management in higher education is low, 86.2%. Students’ overall satisfaction with this is also expected at 56.2%. There is a need to strengthen management and improve classroom interactivity and innovation, to enhance the quality and attractiveness of courses, and to avoid excessive fragmentation. In addition to the existing problems, the results achieved include more accessible access to learning resources, with a percentage of 88.6%. The algorithm of this paper is used to study the efficiency of higher education and student learning, and to provide a more comprehensive and objective approach to the development of the quality of higher education and student management for the later development of higher education.

Proposal for a survey to identify knowledge about hystercetomy, as well as its pre- and post-operative care

Introduction: hysterectomy is a common gynecological procedure in which resection of the uterus and adnexa is performed. Nursing staff plays a fundamental role in continuous care before, during and after the operation, providing adequate care and mastery of procedures to patients. An investigation was carried out with the objective of proposing a survey that identifies the level of knowledge about hysterectomy and its pre- and post-surgical care.Methods: an instrument of 25 multiple response questions was developed, structured into Introduction, Instructions and General Information. The variable level of knowledge was evaluated as low (0 -10 points), medium (11 - 16 points) and high (17 - 25 points), grading the answers as correct (1 point) and incorrect (2 points). The instrument was validated and tested in a pilot group of 10 participants.Results: to facilitate the validation of the instrument, the opinion of 5 experts on the subject was obtained. The validity analysis was carried out using Aiken 's V coefficient, in order to measure the degree of agreement, of which a perfect degree of agreement was found for the instrument with a value of Aiken 's V = 1. The Alpha statistic of Cronbach obtained was 0.85 which proved the reliability.Conclusions: A questionnaire is proposed to evaluate knowledge about hysterectomy, as well as pre- and post-operative care, which, having a simple structure, can be applied quickly and easily to a large number of patients

Prevalência do vírus da anemia infecciosa equina em cavalos e burros, determinada por comparação de ELISA e AGID, no México

ABSTRACT From February to December 2021, 960 serum samples from different climate regions in two Mexican states were analyzed for antibodies against EIAV using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) tests. The overall seroprevalence of EIAV infection in equids determined by ELISA and AGID tests was 19.69% and 17.60%, respectively. The highest rate of seropositivity was observed in the state of Veracruz (23.67%, using AGID test), and the lowest rate was found in the state of Puebla (13.12%, using cELISA test). In total, 17.45% (85/487, using AGID test) and 15.40% (75/487, using cELISA test) of horses were positive for EIAV infection. Donkeys showed a prevalence of 19.87% (94/473) in cELISA and 21.99% (104/476) in AGID. The cELISA was compared with AGID as the gold standard test. The diagnostic sensitivity for horses and donkeys was 90.4% and 92.2%, and the specificity was 97.5% and 97.3%, respectively, with an almost perfect degree of agreement (kappa values of 0.871 and 0.888). Therefore, the overall seroprevalence rate of EIAV infection in equines in the sampled states of Puebla and Veracruz was 19.3%, with 91.4% sensitivity, 97.4% specificity, and an agreement of 96.25%, indicating almost perfect agreement (kappa = 0.880).

Evaluating ecological sustainability of mechanized and traditional systems of damaskrose production using extended exergy analysis

Environmental resource efficiency is a major challenge in the management of agroecosystems and their sustainability. The Extended Exergy Analysis (EEA) is a novel approach that assesses the total amount of resources extracted from the environment to produce agroecosystem products. This study applied the EEA to compare the sustainable development of Damask rose flower production in two mechanized and traditional systems in Nehbandan County, South Khorasan province, using the data of 2021–2022. The EEA calculated the flows of labor, capital, and environmental costs in the systems based on the first and second thermodynamic laws. The results showed that the traditional system had lower cumulative exergy consumption (CExC) and environmental modification cost than the mechanized system, indicating higher ecological sustainability. The extended exergy indices, such as the special capital conversion of energy and material input (kcap), the special capital conversion of product sale (KCAPEEA), extended exergy cost (eec) and the cumulative degree of perfection (CDP), also revealed that the traditional system was more cost-effective, economical, technologically efficient, and closer to the optimal conditions than the mechanized system. To achieve a sustainable agricultural crop production system, new patterns and models for selecting inputs and reducing environmental costs are recommended.

Категория видимого / невидимого в цикле Д. А. Емца «ШНыр»

Introduction. In Christian fantasy, the visible/invisible dichotomy is closely related to such a religious and philosophical concept as knowledge and corresponds to the Christian concept of the universe. The purpose of our article is the need to analyze the features of the perception of Christian doctrine, implemented within the framework of the above category on the example of fantasy prose. The choice of the Russian writer Dmitry Alexandrovich Yemts as the material of the “SHNyr” cycle is justified by the presence of Christian aesthetics and philosophy in his novels, as well as their relative lack of study. Results and conclusions. The article concludes that the category of the visible / invisible in the D. Yemts cycle “Shnyr” is associated with such a religious and philosophical concept as knowledge, and corresponds to the Christian concept of the universe. The visible/invisible dichotomy defines the specifics of an artistic space composed of three worlds: superdense, material and subtle. In the center of the superdense dvushka (two-room apartment) there is God, the only invisible one in the true sense of the word. All other characters and things belonging to other worlds can only be considered conditionally invisible. The category of the visible / invisible in the “SHNyr” cycle, first of all, is not related to the object of vision, but to how perfect the subject of action is, i.e. how perfect the one who sees them is. Above all, the absolute is God, then His likeness are the people with varying degrees of perfection/ holiness, and below all fallen beings are the Elbs. The categories under study are closely linked to the idea of the cycle — the desire of people to know (see) the divine grain in each other and in everything around them.

Study On Fine Injection and Production in the Infill Well Area of A Transition Belt

A transition belt of Daqing oilfield was put into operation in July 2019. The injection and production perfection degree of some well groups is low, the injection-production ratio is unbalanced, the formation energy is insufficient, the yield declines greatly, and the water cut rises quickly.In order to slow down the decline of the block and control the rising speed of water cut, the actual problems existing in the block are discussed. By drawing on the successful adjustment practice of the infill well area of the transitional belt in the B transition belt, the injection and production status and adjustment methods of the infill well area in the transitional belt in A transition belt were studied, two aspects of injection-production system and injection-production structure in block are considered. Different adjustment countermeasures were formulated for oil and water Wells in different strips, and the direction of fine injection and production adjustment was clarified. By using the well focus, structure adjustment and water injection production structure adjustment and so on, effectively reduce the block production decline, control water cut increase speed, and reduce the contradiction between the layers. To realize the purpose of further increase the level of reservoir utilization and improve the development level of A transition belt. At the same time, it provides experience for the injection and production adjustment of the infill well area for the future transition zone.

Improving the Design of Combine Harvesters by Harmonizing Their Basic Technical Parameters

Introduction. The article presents the results of statistical analysis of basic technical parameters of modern combine harvesters, comprising a sample of 150 models. A new complex criterion for assessing the technical level of combine harvesters called the harmonization coefficient is proposed, which makes it possible to evaluate the perfection degree of combine harvester design and identify the ways to improve them. Aim of the Article. The aim of the study is to propose a methodology for calculating the harmonization coefficient of each combine harvester and to identify the way for its improvement, based on the degree of compliance with global trends. The article continues to develop the idea of harmonization of combine harvester parameters outlined in the previous publications on this topic. Materials and Methods. There was applied statistical analysis identifying homogeneous statistical samples by harvester classes from 4 to 12 kg/sec. Results. On the example of a sample of 16 different combine harvester models, the harmonization coefficients of combine harvester design were calculated. The applied statistical equations for calculating combine harvester parameters reflect global trends in the development of combine harvester design and were called theoretical parameters, then they were compared with the actual parameters of combine harvesters. The difference between the theoretical and actual parameters affected the identifying of the ways of improvement. There were identified the combine harvester brands with high harmonization coefficient and a number of combine harvesters requiring modernization. Discussion and Conclusion. A technique for digital assessment of the technical level of combine harvesters is proposed. It is based on three design criteria: parametric index, regression dependencies between combine parameters reflecting global trends in the combine harvester design, and the harmonization coefficient of the combine harvester design in terms of threshing and separating device parameters. There was identified a group of combine harvesters with a very high harmonization coefficient 0.93‒0.94. We mean first of all German harvesters of Claas company (Medion 340, Dominator 150, Lexion 580), Russian harvester of Rostselmash company (TORUM 740) and American Massey Ferguson (MF 7278). There is a large group of combine harvesters, which have a harmonization coefficient of their design in terms of parameters below 0.9, therefore, they may be improved in accordance with global trends, for example, the 5270 C-AL combine harvester of the German company Fendt needs the increase in engine power from 180 HP to 252 HP, reducing the concave area from 1.3 to 0.81 m2, increasing the area of the straw separator from 5.7 to 7.2 m2 and reducing the area of the cleaning sieves from 6.0 to 5.4 m2. At the same time, the combine harvester throughput efficiency will remain at the level of 9.1 kg/s. Based on the proposed methodology, there are given recommendations for improving a number of the most famous combine harvesters of domestic and foreign production, taking into account global trends in their development.

Research on BIM Technology Standardization and Information Management of Tunnel Engineering Based on the Maturity and Standardity Theory Framework

Information management is an important development direction in the field of tunnel engineering, and BIM technology provides an important approach for the realization of it. However, standardization is the first step of the implementation of BIM technology. Only through a set of unified BIM standards for tunnel engineering can the late platform development with information sharing and exchange be carried out normally and orderly. In view of the current lack of unified BIM technology standards and related theoretical research in the field of tunnel engineering, this paper proposes a theoretical framework for the study of a BIM technology standard in the field of tunnel engineering on the basis of the existing standardization research work and establishes a new maturity model in the field of tunnel engineering for the first time. On this basis, this paper classifies and codes the information in the field of tunnel engineering and carries out a series of preliminary studies and discussions on the standardization of BIM technology in the field of tunnel engineering, initially establishing a relatively complete system of BIM technology standards. With the Daliangshan Tunnel under construction in Sichuan Province of China as a pilot application case, the feasibility of the proposed standards is preliminarily verified. In addition, this paper puts forward the new concept of “standard degree” for the first time and tentatively discusses the relationship between the standard degree and four influencing factors, the standard unity degree, the recognition degree of project participants, the applicable degree of software and the perfection degree of platform construction, which provides a reference for subsequent related research and promotes the development of BIM technology standardization and the management process of information in the field of tunnel engineering.

(Digital Presentation) Internal Friction, Mechanical Spectroscopy in SiO2/Si Wafers

Introduction The electrophysical properties of semiconductor devices significantly depend on the perfection of their structure. It is necessary to control the structure of semiconductor wafer-plates disks in the manufacture of large integrated circuits (LIC). Technique was developed and device was made that allows to obtain the information about structural defects in such disks by attenuating elastic oscillations Q-1 to study the defects density nd and the depth hd of their propagation. Defect annealing leads to change in the shape of internal friction (IF) temperature spectrum Q-1(T) [1]. IF method allows to set the spectrum of structural defects on the analysis of positions of maximums IF, on duration of relaxation time τ and on their deposit in attenuation of elastic vibrations [2]. A non-destructive method for the technological control of the structure defects by measuring internal friction (IF) and elastic modulus E after laser radiation was developed. Experimental procedure Ultrasonic (US) pulse-phase method using USMV-LETI, modernized USMV-KNU and computerized “KERN-4” with frequencies f║ ≈ 1 MHz and f┴ ≈ 0,7 MHz, US invariant-polarization method for determining the effective acoustic μil and elastic constants Cijkl were used [3,4,5]. The measured velocity error was equal to ΔV/V = 0.5÷1,5%. The study of influence of structure defects on damping of vibrations in Si/SiO2 wafer-plates by the diameter of D = 100÷60 mm and by the thickness of hSiO2 ≈ 600 nm, hSi ≈ 470 000 nm, allows to estimate the degree of perfection of crystalline structure. Metallography optical supervision of microstructure by means of the microscope ”LOMO MVT”, atomic-force microscopy (AFM) were used. Results and discussion The quasi-longitudinal US velocity V║[001] = 5870 m/s, elastic modulus E001 = ρV║[001] 2 = 80,28 GPa for SiO2/Si from the oscillogram were determined. Temperature dependence of internal friction Q-1(T) in SiO2/Si wafer-plate p-type, doped with B, KDB-7.5(100) diameter D ≈ 76∙10-3 m, thickness hSi ≈ 460∙103 nm with SiO2 layer thickness hSiO2 ≈ 100 nm after X-ray irradiation with dose Dγ ≈ 102 Gy is showed. Conclusions It was found that as the result of the structural defect annealing IF background Q0 -1 significantly decreases during measuring of IF temperature dependence Q-1(T), which indicates the improvement of SiO2/Si crystal structure.The elastic modulus Е, the shear modulus G, Poisson coefficient μ, IF Q-1 are dependent from SiO2/Si wafer-plate anisotropy.The value of IF background Q-1 0 after temperature T, mechanical treatments describes the changes of the elastic stress σi fields in SiO2/Si wafer-plate.The study of vibrations of disk wafer-plate Si/SiO2 at different harmonic frequencies f0, f2 made it possible to develop the technique for determining the structural defects density nD for semiconductor wafers-substrates.The relationship between IF Q-1 value, the logarithmic decrement of ultrasound damping δ and the dislocations density nD was established for disk-shaped semiconductor wafers-substrates. Acknowledgements This work has been supported by Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine: Grant of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine for perspective development of a scientific direction "Mathematical sciences and natural sciences" at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv.

Breast cancer detection using Histopathology Image with Mini-Batch Stochastic Gradient Descent and Convolutional Neural Network

Cancer is a devastating disease that has far-reaching effects on our culture and economy, in addition to the human lives it takes. Regarding budgetary responsibility, investing just in cancer treatment is not an option. Early diagnosis is a crucial part of the remedy that sometimes gets overlooked. Malignancy is often diagnosed and evaluated using Histopathology Images (HI), which are widely accepted as the gold standard in the field. Yet, even for experienced pathologists, analysing such images is challenging, which raises concerns of inter- and intra-observer variability. The analysis also requires a substantial investment of time and energy. One way that such an examination may be sped up is by making use of computer-assisted diagnostics devices. The purpose of this research is to create a comprehensive cancer detection system using images of breast and prostate histopathology stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Proposed here is work on improving colour normalisation methods, constructing an integrated model for nuclei segmentation and multiple objects overlap resolution, introducing and evaluating multi-level features for extracting relevant histopathological image and interpretable information, and developing classification algorithms for tasks such as cancer diagnosis, tumor identification, and tumor class labelling. Mini-Batch Stochastic Gradient Descent and Convolutional Neural Network which obtained statistical kappa value for breast cancer histopathology images shows a high degree of consistency in the classification task, with a range of 0.610.80 for benign and low grades and a range of 0.811.0 for medium and high rates. The Support Vector Machine (SVM), on the other hand, shows an almost perfect degree of consistency (0.811.0) across the several breast cancer picture classifications (benign, low, medium, and high).