Degree Of Intra-industry Trade Research Articles

THE EFFECT OF INTER-INDUSTRY TRADE ON COMPETITIVENESS; AN EVALUATION IN THE CONTEXT OF TURKEY

Özet
 Ülke endüstrilerinin rekabet gücünün mikro ve makro çok sayıda faktör tarafından belirlendiği göz önüne alındığında, bir endüstrideki Endüstri İçi Ticaret’in (EİT) bu endüstrinin; arz-talep, ürün fiyat ve kalitesi, rekabet gibi birçok özelliğini belirlediği ve bu bağlamda endüstrinin rekabet gücünü etkilediği değerlendirilmektedir. 
 Amaç: Çalışmamızda, Türkiye’nin 2001-2019 yılları arasındaki dış ticaretinde EİT ile rekabet gücü arasındaki korelasyonun, HS/GTİP’nun 97 faslı bazında belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 
 Yöntem: Araştırmamızda endüstri-içi ticaretin derecesi Grubel-Lloyd yöntemi ile ölçülmüştür. Rekabet Gücünün ölçümünde Vollrath’ın (1991), Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler (AKÜ) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. EİT ile rekabet gücü arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesinde, korelasyon analizi ve panel veri analizi kullanılmıştır.
 Bulgular: EİT ile rekabet gücü arasında 27 fasılda çok yüksek pozitif ve 24 fasılda çok yüksek negatif korelasyon ilişkisi belirlenmiştir. 24 Fasılda da yüksek pozitif, 6 fasılda yüksek negatif korelasyon belirlenmiştir. Bulgular çerçevesinde EİT ve rekabet gücü arasında fasıllara göre değişen yüksek veya çok yüksek korelasyonun olduğu ifade edilebilir. Çalışmadaki Panel Veri Analizi sonuçlarının da Korelasyon Analizi sonuçları ile uyumlu olduğu gözlenmiştir.
 Özgünlük: Türkiye için özgün olan bu çalışma ve sonuçlarının ileriye taşınması ve iktisat, kalkınma, sanayileşme ve dış ticaret politikalarında yol gösterici sonuçların üretilmesinin faydalı olacağı değerlendirilmektedir.

The importance of the BRICS group in the specialization of production and export competitiveness of North-East Brazil

This article seeks to identify and analyse the pattern of specialization in the export structure of North-East Brazil in 2003–2014, following the expansion of international trade with the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa). The Aliceweb and Trademap databases are used to calculate the relevant indicators, namely the specialization coefficient, revealed comparative advantage, contribution to the trade balance, and degree of intraindustry trade. Trade with the BRICS countries led to exports being reorganized by specialization groups, thereby confirming a historical trend of comparative advantage in exports in the following product categories: food, tobacco and beverages; paper and pulp; chemicals; plastics and rubber; textiles; footwear and leather. Trade with the BRICS countries did not promote diversification or increase the technology content of the North-East’s export structure.

Inter- and Intra-industry Trade Relations between Bangladesh and India: Empirical Results

Bangladesh and India are two neighbouring countries in South Asia having strong political, diplomatic, trade and economic ties with each other. This article reviews and updates on the inter- and intra-industry trade relationship between these two countries using more recent data. More specifically, it examines the relative position of the two countries in global trade followed by trends and patters of bilateral trade using aggregative data. At a disaggregate level, the commodity composition of Bangladesh exports to and imports from India by major product categories is examined focusing on the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) to review and update the degree of inter-industry trade. Further, the Grubel–Lloyd index (GLI; Grubel & Lloyd, 1975 ) is examined to measure the degree of intra-industry trade by major commodity groups. The article finds that India has a much stronger relative position in the global trade vis-à-vis Bangladesh. India is also found to dominate Bangladesh in bilateral trade, resulting in a very large and persistent trade deficit of Bangladesh with India. At a disaggregated level, the article finds that India has a comparative advantage in more products than Bangladesh and that the GLI shows that the degree of intra-industry trade is almost negligible between the two countries.

Analysis on the Trade Structural Competitiveness in Manufacturing Industry between Guangzhou and “the Belt and Road” Participating Countries Based on Lafay Index

The economic development in Guangzhou presents an export-oriented characteristic. Therefore, it is the key path for Guangzhou’s manufacturing to upgrade by participating the construction of the Belt and Road initiative. This paper adopts Lafay Index to measure the structural competitiveness of trade between China and countries along the B&R and finds that Guangzhou has a long-term and stable comparative advantage in clothing and textile industry, metal products industry and leather products industry, but a long-term disadvantage in metal smelting industry, chemical manufacturing industry and non-metallic mineral products. It also shows a high degree of intra-industry trade in food processing industry, sports and entertainment industry.

Technoloy, Factor Proportions and Complementarity: Trade Relations betwee Korea and Vietnam

This paper aims at examining the dynamic patterns and traits of bilateral trade between Korea and Vietnam. The major findings of this paper can be summarized as follows. First, the structure of trade between Korea and Vietnam conforms to each country’s factor proportion. Second, the structure of Korea’s imports from Vietnam did not change over the last two decades. In other words, Vietnam has failed to climb up the industrial ladder. Third, the degree of intra-industry trade between Korea and Vietnam has been low and unstable. Fourth, the trade pattern between Korea and Vietnam has been complementary not competitive in nature. Korea-Vietnam FTA will open a new horizon for the deeper vertical integration of the two.

Technoloy, Factor Proportions and Complementarity: Trade Relations betwee Korea and Vietnam

This paper aims at examining the dynamic patterns and traits of bilateral trade between Korea and Vietnam. The major findings of this paper can be summarized as follows. First, the structure of trade between Korea and Vietnam conforms to each country’s factor proportion. Second, the structure of Korea’s imports from Vietnam did not change over the last two decades. In other words, Vietnam has failed to climb up the industrial ladder. Third, the degree of intra-industry trade between Korea and Vietnam has been low and unstable. Fourth, the trade pattern between Korea and Vietnam has been complementary not competitive in nature. Korea-Vietnam FTA will open a new horizon for the deeper vertical integration of the two.

Intra-industry trade and protectionism: the case of the buy national policy

This article examines the factors that lead governments to open up their public procurement markets to international competition with a particular emphasis on the effect of intra-industry trade. Contrary to the conventional notion that intra-industry trade entails less political pressure for protectionism than inter-industry trade, I argue that such notion does not prevail in the case of discriminatory public procurement. Firms in a market with a high degree of intra-industry trade are more likely to resist the removal of discrimination than would firms in a market with a high degree of inter-industry trade. Empirically, I find support for the argument both at sub-national and cross-national settings.

Intra-Industry Trade: The Australian Experience

This paper presents an empirical analysis of intra-industry trade (IIT) in Australia's foreign trade. It is found that with regard to the extent and the incidence of IIT across industries Australia is a clear outlier among the developed countries. The long-stand- ing protectionist trade policy stance and high transport costs appear to exert significant negative influence on the extent of IIT. The degree of IIT seems to be positively influenced by overseas investment, product differentiation and close economic links New Zealand. In contrast to the findings for other developed countries, industry concentration and economies of scale do not appear to be significant explicators of ITT in Australia.[F14]

Intra-Industry Trade in the Pacific Basin

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the degree of intra-industry trade in the Pacific Basin which includes developing countries as well as advanced countries. The Aquino index, with slight rearrangement for aggregation over countries and correction for trade imbalance, is chosen as the measurement. The findings are that the major hypotheses about the intra-industry trade which are believed to be applicable mainly to advanced countries could also be applicable to developing countries. Industries with high capital intensity, high degree of product differentiation, and large economics of scale, show high degree of intra-industry trade in the Pacific Basin. [420]

An explanation of intra-industry trade in identical commodities

A model of international trade under conditions of spatial price discrimination is developed in order to demonstrate that intra-industry trade is identical commodities can occur between two countries over a wide range of market structures. The geographic extent of intra-industry trade is shown to be inversely related to the degree of competition affecting imports in each country in the sale of the homogeneous commodity. Furthermore, the degree of intra-industry trade is directly related to the incidence of spatial price discrimination in favor of distant customers.