Degree Of Intensity Research Articles

DEGREE OF INTENSITY in English-Chinese translation: a corpus-based approach

The claim in translation studies that Chinese tends to have a preference for stronger or more exaggerated terms than does English has not been substantiated by any hard linguistic evidence. One system to approach such perceived differences in intensity is degree of intensity (DOI), which is an important device of fine-tuning taken by a speaker to express interpersonal judgments. However, it has not been systematically studied, in quantitative terms, for the Chinese language, nor has a contrastive study been conducted between English and Chinese. This study aims to adopt a corpus-based approach and investigate the phenomenon, using the Chinese translation of a politically volatile English autobiography by a Chinese migrant writer, Wild Swans (Chang 1991), as the domain of study, and comparing it with another translation of this kind and against two reference corpora of non-translated texts (FLOB and LCMC). The findings of the research suggest that Chinese indeed prefers more and higher degrees of intensity, but they also show that translator’s choice-making plays an important role in the translation of degree of intensity.

The Rejuvenation of Equivalence Paradigm in Literary Texts: Equimediation as the Seul et Alleiniges Paradigm in Translation

Currently, conferring a durable and fix definition of “Equivalence” is a drudgery task and activity in Translation Studies (TS). That is owing to the fact that the former demarcations substantiate as unworkable, unexploitable, and inefficient in this area. Equivalence in TS is a cardinal facet which needs to be paid much more heed. To ratify the essence of equivalence in translation, some paradigms vulgarized for their functionality. Paradigms such as Equivalence, Purpose, and Description are the core ones in the intended field. On the flipside, their fame never continue to exist so as to verify the very nature of equivalence. This is due to the fact that these paradigms did not work well on the whole facets of equivalence. The present study seeks to investigate on one fresh paradigm in equivalence known as Equimediation Paradigm (EP). This paradigm is made of five major phases as Strong Equivalents (SE), Weak Equivalents (WE), Brittle Equivalents (BE), Degree of Intensity (DI), and Degree of Occurrence (DO) to show its feasibility and speakability of the concealed rationale behind the literary text. In the circle of translation, translator is treated as a robust mediator in order to interlink the source rationality to the target one. Equimediation paradigm spies out the void and x-areas in TS to substantiate the vital particularities of equivalence in diverse fields. As time elapses, Equimediation Paradigm seeks to peruse Source-Target Reconciliation and Deep-Surface Layer of language so that the translator can meet the needs of the source-target reader as part of the team in this paradigm. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s2p438

Relationship between intensive utilization and environmental pressure of culti-vated land: a case study on 780 cropland parcels in Tarim River Basin

Intensive degree(ID) is a common index used to judge the effectiveness of land utilization.With increasing ID,culti-vated lands generate certain environmental pressures from extensive use of agro-chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides,and mulch-ing,etc.This paper analyzed the intensity of utilization and environmental pressure of 780 cropland parcels in the Tarim River Basin(TRB) using data acquired from household questionnaire survey.The aim of the study was to explore environmental pressures gener-ated by highly intensive utilization of cultivated lands.The results showed that intensive utilization of cultivated lands caused some degrees of environmental pressure in TRB study area.Environmental load ratio(ELR) of investigated cultivated lands revealed changing trends with increasing IDs of cropland parcels.In 75.90% of the cropland parcels with ID 1.0 Yuan·m 2,ELR increased with increasing ID.ELR change in 18.60% of cropland parcels with ID in the range of 1~1.5 Yuan·m 2 showed a stable trend relative to increasing ID.Only in 5.50% of cropland parcels with ID 1.5 Yuan·m 2 did LER decrease with increasing ID.Differences in input structures in cultivated lands were the main driver of the variations in ELR.Rise in the proportion of non-renewable emergy input resulted in increasing ELR.However,with the increasing non-renewable emergy input,ELR rise was restrained by enhanced renewable emergy input.To a certain degree,differences in the trends of cropland parcel ELR suggested that in the study area,the utilization of most cropland parcels was primarily intensive.However,some cropland parcels had been transformed into advanced use intensity.Environmental pressure of cultivated lands was related to crop type and cropland parcel size.For cropland parcels un-der wheat and fruits,ELR at any scale parcel increased with increasing ID.For cotton fields,small-scale parcel ELR increased with increasing ID.It,however,showed no obvious ELR change for large-scale cotton fields(0.33 hm2).For cucurbits fields,LER was stable due to low and stable ID driven by the predominantly small-scale cropland parcels.However,LER increased with increasing ID once parcel size exceeded 0.33 hm2.It suggested that alleviation measures of environmental pressure of cultivated lands should be on the basis for crop type and cropland area.