Definition Of Propaganda Research Articles

To the question of the feasibility of using legal propaganda as a form of legal nurturing

The article attempts to clarify the term "legal propaganda” on the basis of clarification the essence of propaganda and justify the inappropriateness of using this phrase in relation to the form of legal education in a modern democratic state.
 It was found that both in the legislation and at the doctrinal level, the term "propaganda” is given a mostly negative meaning and is considered as a tool for spreading mostly anti-social, harmful, socially dangerous and frankly illegal phenomena and processes.
 It has been shown that most definitions of propaganda contain the words "manipulation”, "pressure”, "deception”, which clearly demonstrate that any propaganda implicitly includes false or distorted information, a deliberate violation of the rules of formal logic and is a hidden manipulation. It is argued that propaganda is rightly opposed to pluralism, and this makes this term inconsistent with the general principles (fundamentals of the constitutional system) of a modern democratic legal state.
 The given "systematic signs of propaganda” prove the impracticality of using the term propaganda in relation to positive phenomena and processes, such as "legal propaganda”:
 It is assumed that the use of the term "legal propaganda” can be avoided due to the development of doctrinal thought regarding legal influence and the method of persuasion.
 The possibility of a limited application of legal propaganda as a special-legal aspect of the operation of law in society, for example, some legal and educational areas in the activities of the police ("propaganda for compliance with traffic rules”), is assumed.
 The opinion that any coercion, suggestion, manipulation, imposition in law is inappropriate in view of the prevailing anthropocentrism is defended. It was concluded that the method of action through the system of values is more relevant and effective.

To the question of the feasibility of using legal propaganda as a form of legal nurturing

The article attempts to clarify the term "legal propaganda” on the basis of clarification the essence of propaganda and justify the inappropriateness of using this phrase in relation to the form of legal education in a modern democratic state.
 It was found that both in the legislation and at the doctrinal level, the term "propaganda” is given a mostly negative meaning and is considered as a tool for spreading mostly anti-social, harmful, socially dangerous and frankly illegal phenomena and processes.
 It has been shown that most definitions of propaganda contain the words "manipulation”, "pressure”, "deception”, which clearly demonstrate that any propaganda implicitly includes false or distorted information, a deliberate violation of the rules of formal logic and is a hidden manipulation. It is argued that propaganda is rightly opposed to pluralism, and this makes this term inconsistent with the general principles (fundamentals of the constitutional system) of a modern democratic legal state.
 The given "systematic signs of propaganda” prove the impracticality of using the term propaganda in relation to positive phenomena and processes, such as "legal propaganda”:
 It is assumed that the use of the term "legal propaganda” can be avoided due to the development of doctrinal thought regarding legal influence and the method of persuasion.
 The possibility of a limited application of legal propaganda as a special-legal aspect of the operation of law in society, for example, some legal and educational areas in the activities of the police ("propaganda for compliance with traffic rules”), is assumed.
 The opinion that any coercion, suggestion, manipulation, imposition in law is inappropriate in view of the prevailing anthropocentrism is defended. It was concluded that the method of action through the system of values is more relevant and effective.

Problem of measurement of efficiency of propaganda (on the example of using of the index of effectiveness of the russian propaganda in Ukraine)

The article analyzes the possible effects of propaganda and justifies the possibility of empirical evaluation of its effectiveness. There are described main trends in the depending of approving the principal Russian propaganda theses by different categories of the population of Ukraine, based on the results of recent studies of the Kiev International Institute of Sociology and Ukrainian Institite for Social Research named after O. Yaremenko. A critical analysis of measuring the effectiveness of propaganda methodics, identifying areas for further improvement are made.The article presents the analysis of the experience of Ukrainian sociologists connected with the research of Russian propaganda in Ukraine in the period from 2015 to 2018. The authors focus their attention on the theoretical approaches to the definition of propaganda, effects of propaganda and methodological possibilities of measuring it in empirical research. Relying on the latest statistical data, the authors determine the specificity of effectiveness of Russian propaganda in Ukraine and factors influencing its effectiveness. They also pay attention to the main difficulties of the study of propaganda.It is done the analysis of possible effects of propaganda, namely the group of general criteria (such criteria also include knowledge, beliefs, actions) and the group of specific criteria (psychological, cognitive, and behavioral effects). Based on the results of the latest researches of the Kiev International Institute of sociology and the Ukrainian Institite for Social Research named after O. Yaremenko, the authors pointed out the main trends of suportance the main points of Russian propaganda by different categories of the population of Ukraine, including the dependence on the region of residence, national and linguistic identification and level of the respondents’ income. It is noted that there is an urgent need to strengthen the system of counteraction to the Russian propaganda (especially from the Ukrainian media, as well as public authorities). The article raises methodological problem of the possibility of studying the effectiveness of Russian propaganda in principle. Using the results of the discussion of the index of effectiveness of Russian propaganda (RRS), which was developed by the staff of the Kiev International Institute of Sociology in 2015, in the professional community of sociologists, the authors undertook a critical analysis of the methods of measuring the effectiveness of propaganda and the possibility of empirical evaluation of its effectiveness. As a result, it is identified areas for further improvement of the methodology of measuring the effectiveness of propaganda, namely: an increased study of the behavioral effects of propaganda, conducting regular measurements to allow comparisons, the development of comprehensive studies of the manifestations of the results of the propaganda of various methods (including psychological testing, involvement in the experiment several control groups, etc.).

Propaganda as a Category in Forensic Text Analysis

The category of propaganda is considered in the paper as a linguistically definable notion. It is demonstrated that being a legal term, this category is significantly influenced by the semantics of the word propaganda as a unit of the Russian literary language. Presented is an analysis of various definitions of propaganda in their historical evolution, from the earliest record of the word in Russian dictionaries to modern lexicographic definitions. Polysemy of the lexical unit “propaganda” is analyzed. Special focus is placed on differentiation of propaganda from other forms of persuasive communication, particularly from advertising, including its political variety. Analysis of the meaning and use of the word propaganda is proposed as a way to objectivize the intuitive labeling of various statements as propagandistic. Our analysis resulted in a list of key properties of propagandistic discourse to be taken into account in the investigation of suspected propaganda of extremism and terrorism, namely, the existence of: (1) a subject of propaganda; (2) an addressee of propaganda, (3) a set of relatively simple and consistent points (describing the desired state of affairs) and supporting arguments; (4) opposing evaluations of the desired situation and its negative alternatives; (5) recurrent and persistent realization of the aforementioned set of points or its fragments in the discourse, with identical of slightly modified argumentation; (6) multiple texts produced within a certain period of time (i.e. the period of a propagandistic campaign); and (7) a practical possibility for disseminating information among multiple people (addressees).

Psychiatry as Ideology

Background:The current psychiatric literature carries numerous papers arguing that the correct approach to mental disorder is to see it as a special form of brain disorder, whose precise biochemical and genetic causes will be revealed by the normal methods of laboratory science. In particular, these claims are repeated in numerous papers outlining and advocating the new Research Domain Criteria project of the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health.Material:An extensive search of the literature shows that not one of these biologically oriented papers ever provides citations or references to authorities such that the claim “mental disorder is brain disorder” is established to the standard required of valid scientific claims.Discussion:As it stands, the notion that mental disorder is brain disorder is unsubstantiated. In particular, no authorities in the field of biological psychiatry have ever demonstrated that they have a formal theory of mental disorder, or a model of mental disorder to guide their daily practice, their teaching or their research.Conclusion:This means that biological psychiatry has the status of an ideology only, and the many papers arguing its case meet the definition of propaganda.

Reconciling Policy and Propaganda: The British Overseas Television Service 1954–1964

Reconciling Policy and Propaganda: The British Overseas Television Service 1954–1964

Propaganda and Communication: A Study in Definitions

The author discusses definitions of propaganda, then suggests a frame of reference for distinguishing it from other types of communication.

Toward a Definition of Propaganda

(1943). Toward a Definition of Propaganda. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 71-87.