Definition Of National Identity Research Articles

LANGUAGE AND NATIONAL IDENTITY BILINGUAL (ON THE BASIS OF THE2022 SURVEY)

Background. Much research has been devoted to the problem of language situation in Ukraine. But in this study it has been analyzed on the basis of the newest sociolinguistic survey in 2022. The article “Language and national identity bilingual (on the basis of the 2022 survey)” deals with the problem of Ukrainians’ attitude to the Ukrainian and Russian languages and their identity. Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to identify the attitude of Ukrainians to the language problems after the war and analyze their thoughts on the Ukrainian and Russian identity and usage Languages within bilingual population. Methods. The research was conducted by analyzing the results of surveys that were distributed among 2005 respondents across the whole country, except for the territories that are out of control of Ukrainian government. Results. Political processes shape the relevant discourses, which, in turn, has an impact on linguistic and national identification. People increasingly call themselves Ukrainians precisely because they live in Ukraine, regardless of their origin, and transfer this civic identity to the category of nationality, which has traditionally been ethnic. The bloody war, which was started by the aggressor-country in Ukraine, influenced the choice of language and national identity of Ukrainians. The results of the survey have shown that bilingualism exist in Ukraine. However, the main problem is that most people do not understand the nature of not only language conflicts but also the political ones. The paper considers the fact that now people do not resist the legislative consolidation of various provisions regarding the Ukrainian language. So the task of Ukrainian language policy is to increase the amount of the Ukrainian language. We can conclude that the Ukrainian language will become the main one in all spheres of communication in the future if society and government understand the essence of language problems and try to force out the Russian language of formal and informal communication. Ukrainians associate the Russian language with the language of the attackers and consider it “toxic”, consciously choosing Ukrainian as their language of communication. As a result, Ukrainian will replace it as it must be the state language. Extralinguistic factors led to changes in the language situation in the country, where the overwhelming majority already understands the need to speak Ukrainian. Axiological and emotional components in the definition of national identity have led to a decline in the status of the Russian language and its low level of influence on the national identification of bilingual citizens of Ukraine.

The Genke of Animation and its Role in the Definition of National Identity

The article analyzes the art of animation, which began to be reflected in a wide range in modern visual culture, examines its place in the formation of national-cultural identity and mechanisms for its implementation.The results of a survey on the attitude of the young generation to the genre of animation, which is used in our national culture, and the influence of modern content of animation are presented. In the course of stories telling about the diversity of cultures through multiplicity, the possibility of creating connections between cultures is considered and its applied significance is shown.

The (re)definition of national identity through security policies from 2016 onwards. A Comparative study of governmental discourse between France and the UK

While some argue that a growing global mobility as well as international norms and cooperation led to weakened national citizenship and identity, this paper analyses the way the French and British governments, from 2015 onwards, “renationalised” their approach to citizenship and the national community, in an attempt to respond to different crises, such as Brexit or terrorist attacks. It offers a comparison in the way France’s and Britain’s governments interpret, mobilise and respond to identity divides, -through the analysis of their discourse and policies on citizenship, security and the fight against extremism. This study also looks at the purposes and the consequences of this phenomenon of “renationalisation” in governmental discourse and security policies.

Wśród polityków i artystów. Topos Europy Środkowej w polityce kulturalnej Czech w latach 2004–2018

Artists and Politicians. Central Europe in Cultural Politics in the Czech Republic from 2004 to 2018 The purpose of this work was to examine the role that the subject of Central Europe plays in cultural politics in the Czech Republic. In the first part of this work, there are definitions of national identity, cultural politics and Central Europe. Moreover, there is information about institutions that are responsible for the development of the Czech culture. The second chapter is an analysis of the activity of Czech artists which is related to Central Europe and the states of the region. The last chapter is research about the participation of artistic events related to the region among those subsidized by the minister’s programs for the development of international cultural relations.

2022년 여론조사로 본 우크라이나 동·남부의 내셔널 아이덴티티(National Identity)

The Russia-Ukraine conflict over territory is rekindled by the Russia’s military invasion into Ukraine in February 2022. Russia takes it as the pretext of this invasion to protect the Russian-speaking population in Ukraine which accounts for about one-third of the Ukraine population. Russia has insisted that Ukraine does not have a separate and independent national identity distinct from Russia. Russia further insists that Ukraine was historic allyl a part of Russia and should be incorporated into the Russian civilization world. Radical Russian nationalists believe that it is their duty to reclaim the Eastern Ukraine which rightfully belongs to Russia but is mistakenly given to Ukraine. Ukrainian politicians and scholars deny any of these claims made by Russian nationalists. This debate between Russia and Ukraine over Ukraine’s identity largely depends on the definition of national identity. national identity can be defined as ethnical or civic one. Ethnically, Ukraine has a national identity close to Russia’s. However, in terms of civic identity, Ukraine has a distinct identity from Russia’s. Ukrainian scholars emphasize that most residents in Ukraine have Ukraine civic identity and have fortified it in the wake of the Crimean Peninsula annexation and the Donbass war in 2014. On the other hand, Russian nationalists deny this argument. To answer the questions, this article conducts a nationally representative telephone survey in Ukraine in February, 2022. The survey shows that about 70% of the respondents identify themselves as entirely Ukrainian citizen. Even in the East Ukraine, over 50% of the respondents do so. Thus, the Russian nationalists claim that the Russian-speaking people in the East feel Russian national identity is not empirically supported by our survey. However, the Ukrainization of Russian-speaking people in the East has not occurred as widely as some scholars assert although there is clear evidence for the phenomenon.

Revocation of Citizenship: The New Policies of Conditional Membership

In many countries across the world, citizenship revocation policies are back on the political agenda. States are either contemplating or adopting legislative changes to increase the power of the executive to take citizenship away from individuals on an array of legal grounds, from fraud in the naturalisation process to involvement in terror-related acts. Amendments to citizenship legislation are also decided with the purpose of excluding entire communities from the definition of national identity and removing them out of the state borders. This symposium addresses the challenges that the revival of citizenship revocation raises for the study of citizenship as a secure and equal membership in a state. It brings together academics and practitioners in an effort to reflect both on the concrete policy implications of citizenship stripping and on its theoretical significance. The symposium also takes an original comparative perspective on this topic, with contributions that go beyond Western contexts represented in much of the citizenship literature.

Identities in tension. Immigrant communities in Argentina and the challenge of the Great War

ABSTRACT This article aims to analyse the mobilisation of immigrant communities in Argentina during the Great War and to explore its impact on the definition of national identities. By their very nature, migrant communities are at the crossroads of two worlds: their countries of origin and their host societies. In this case, they also connected the belligerent powers and neutral Argentina, the global war and its local experience. Wartime posed them a serious dilemma since the demand for loyalty to the homeland coexisted with alternative national identities and with the experience of the integration into Argentine society.

Kashubian National Awareness – Selected Issues

The Kashubian community is recently experiencing some sort of re-vival. This group, which is recognized outside Poland as Polonia, lives in the Pomeranian Voivodship. Kashubians didn’t dissociate themselves from Polish society, they are still an integral part of it, so they are also affected by the same problems as Poles. This article is an attempt to find an answer to the question of the im-portance of tradition for the survival and development of the only such community in Poland. In Kashubia – just like in the rest of Poland – the definition of national identity creates many difficulties. For centuries, culture and religion defined the national affiliation. And what is it like today? The authors of this article are trying to answer this question by examining selected issues, which in their opinion, are the most impor-tant. No position has been taken whether we are facing the process of changing the definition of national identity (for example due to cultural globalization, especially mass culture), the unification and accelerated social changes, among both large and small societies, whose identity is at risk. The presented research results illustrate only selected factors affect-ing the daily life of Kashubians, eg: who they are, how they perceive themselves, how they define Kashubian identity.

Identity, Nationalism, and Cultural and Linguistic Policies in Québec

Issues related to the definition of national identity are increasing across the world, even though they are not new. Since their own rise in the mid-1950s, minority nation governments, for political reasons and "identity and cultural survival," have been dealing with the conundrum of promoting their national identity while including newcomers. Our paper highlights the approaches of one illustrative minority nation government – Québec – in managing national identity and its cultural development. Building on Saint-Pierre's (2004) framework of cultural policy and Bergeron’s (1982) theory of the state, we divide our analysis into distinct time periods and show that the political and socio-economic context affects the development of culture and language policies, as well as the identity and nationalism of Québec.

“God, Home, and Country”: Women, Historical Memory, and National Identity in English Canada and the United States

ABSTRACTThe late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century witnessed efforts to carve out a space for women in the popular construction of national identity in both Canada and the United States. These efforts, including the rediscovery of, and reverence for, Laura Secord as a feminine counterpart to Isaac Brock’s sacrifice and loyalty in Canada, and the efforts to establish continuity with figures such as Betsy Ross and Dolley Madison in the United States, recognized the connection between popular historical memory and definitions of national identity. The founding of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) and the Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire (IODE) during this period represents attempts on both sides of the border to assert a uniquely female national identity and label women as both part of the national community and civic participants.

Of half-bloods and street dogs, Arnold Clavio vs. the Azkals: discourses and definitions of national identity

Football might not be as popular as basketball in the Philippines, but it has a loyal following. In 2012, broadcaster Arnold Clavio claimed that members of the Men’s National Team, the Azkals, were not true Filipinos. Most of the Azkals are children of Filipinos and foreign nationals, and spent their childhood abroad. Clavio’s statement prompted an online writing storm, which the researcher analyzed to examine how Filipinos constructed their identity. Analysis showed that Azkals supporters constructed the Filipino as a ‘citizen of the world’, with a dynamic identity defined by individual emotions. Clavio supporters tended to construct the Filipino as a ‘citizen of the country only’, with an identity fixed by location and acted out in culture. The debate centred on whether Filipino identity could be inherited but changed, or was fixed and immutable. These struggles raise interesting questions on national identity and unity, whether or not football is involved.

The Politics of Language and Identity in Lebanon and Morocco: Similarities and Differences*

Taking a comparative approach, this study seeks the historical trajectories which shaped the language situations and identity in Lebanon and Morocco in so far as these language situations involve conflict between Arabic and other languages (French and Berber/Amazigh) or Arabic and its dialectal variants. There are endogenous and exogenous forces that set the stage for the appearance of new identities in both countries. The major conflict in Lebanon is fundamentally two notions of self-definition, the one based on religion and the other based on language. The battle of religiously and linguistically constructed identities is fought on many fronts. In Morocco, however, the main conflict is mainly about language. The Arabization policy stimulates oppositional identity that rejected pan-Arabism as a focal point for national pride. The new dynamics of political and cultural transformations that Morocco has recently experienced have also led to the revitalization of new definitions of national identity..

Sporting shades of green: a comparative analysis of sponsored national mythmaking in Irish rugby and soccer

This paper derives from an ongoing study of how modern sports contribute to the (re)definition of national identities in the context of increasing marketization and mediatization of sport at different levels. In this paper, we examine the symbolic tensions surrounding Three Ireland’s concurrent sponsorship of the Irish international football and rugby union teams via an analysis of two television commercials commissioned by the sponsor. We suggest that although different signifiers of Irish identity are employed in the football and rugby commercials examined – and that each ostensibly represents a different ‘version’ of Irish identity – both campaigns draw largely from a common fund of cultural authenticity. Our analysis suggests that Three Ireland has constructed broad texts that comfortably accommodate differing signifiers of Irish identity and that permit the sponsor to trade in limited and controllable degrees of cultural difference. More broadly, our paper demonstrates how national identity can function as a ‘multi-directional symbol’.

'Manxness': The Uses of Heritage on the Isle of Man

This article examines how the Isle of Man, a self-governing crown dependency located in the center of the British Isles, uses heritage to create social stability among a diverse and rapidly changing population. The result of this process has been a powerful model of heritage branding through which all definitions of national identity must flow. After tracing the development of ‘Manx’ national identity from the Victorian era to the present, this article explores the benefits and limitations of the Isle of Man’s political uses of its history and shares insight from the practice of public history on the Isle of Man.

Immigration, threat perception, and national identity: Evidence from South Korea

This paper examines how perceived threats from immigration are associated with individuals’ definition of national identity. Using a nationally representative, face-to-face survey conducted in South Korea, we find that people's reactions to immigration are basically cultural: those who believe immigrants undermine the longstanding cultural unity of South Korea are likely to embrace more exclusive definitions of national in-group, whereas threats regarding the national economy are not necessarily associated with nationalist sentiments. Concerns about public safety due to immigrants also turn out to affect South Koreans’ sense of belonging to the nation. Additional analysis reveals that perceived cultural threats—neither economic nor social concerns—predict lower levels of national pride among South Koreans. The results suggest that increasing levels of racial and ethnic diversity correspond to an ethnocentric response by heightening non-economic concerns. Implications are discussed, referring to the unique socio-cultural context of South Korea.

Galadio de Didier Daeninckx et la question de l'identité nationale

In 2009, the French government launched a national debate to define French national identity. The people, as well as experts and intellectuals, responded to this initiative in many ways. The discussions often led to determining who belonged to the national community and who did not. Hence, descendants of immigrants often became a target in the debate. Didier Daeninckx, a well-known writer who often intervenes in the public sphere, published a short novel entitled Galadio (2010) as a response to the debate imposed by the government. It tells the story of a young man in 1930s Germany whose father, a tirailleur sénégalais, met his mother, a German, during the 1920s when French colonial troops were stationed in the Ruhr region to pressure Germany to honour the Treaty of Versailles. This analysis seeks to assess what this literary piece adds to the debate by focusing on its complex conception of identity. The form of the historical novel allows Daeninckx to remind us of the participation of the African colonies in both WWI and WWII. The main character's identity is also multidimensional, which is essential to the novel's effort to avoid simple definitions of national identity unambiguously tied to nationality. Finally, following a protagonist who has strong ties to Germany, colonial West Africa and France allows for a geographical and temporal displacement necessary for the allegory mechanism to function and for its meaningfulness to become obvious in 2010.

Education and Social Issues in the Poems of Kazakh Poet Magjan Jumabayev

Literary texts are important tools which enable reaching the aims of Kazakh Language Teaching. Children's emotional and intellectual world is addressed to via literary works. Poems -within the literary works- have a vital role in childrens intellectual, emotional and linguistic development. In our study, the definition of national identity in poems of Magjan Jumabayev and the reflections of the social pedagogical thinking will be discussed with examples. Excluding introduction and conclusion, our study consists of four main sections. In the first chapter statement of the problem has been given and the research method has been put forth in the second chapter; the information about Jumabayev's educational works has been stated in the third chapter; in the fourth chapter the Magjan Jumabayev's poems were evaluated in terms of “content”.

Perceived Threats and Governing Capacity

AbstractMany of the past literature on small states focus on the foreign policies and political economies of liberal democracies. This paper examines the non-liberal democracies of Singapore and Macao in their construction of national identities. Non-liberal democracies are different from their democratic counterparts in their reactions to perceived threats. Instead of forming a corporatist system to make important decisions by consensus, both Singapore and Macao leadership exclude the participation of civil society in defining their national identities. Faced with high perceived threats and armed with strong governing capacity, Singapore succeeds in building a national identity overarching the cultural identities of major ethnic groups. In view of electoral setbacks, Singapore leaders have to include more public inputs into its policy making process, including the definition of national identity. On the contrary, the perceived threats of Macao are not pressing. The cultural and political affinity enables the post-colonial Macao to integrate smoothly with China’s national identities defined by the Communist leadership. The relative weak capacity of the city government makes the building of national identities gradual. Its high degree of ethnic homogeneity has contributed to a process of nation building relatively free of disputes.

The Issue of Blackness and Mestizaje in Two Distinct Mexican Contexts: Veracruz and Costa Chica

The construction of new nations in Latin America has triggered debate on the definition of national identity with a view towards reconciling the reality of mestizaje with the attribution – inherited from Colonial times – of specific ‘characteristics’ to groups and individuals (Spanish, Indian, Black, mulatto, etc.). It was also confronted with racist connotations which, in the early 19th century, included the ideas of progress and modernity, hence the difficulty in legitimizing its own ‘brand of mestizaje.’ We will address these issues through empirical examination of two contexts in Mexico: the State and City of Veracruz, and Costa Chica on the Pacific coast of the States of Oaxaca and Guerrero. Strongly associated with Mexican national identity, what these two case studies share is the issue of mestizaje from the standpoint of the African presence which, though considerable from the start of colonization, was not included in ‘classic’ views of national mestizaje. This analysis helps reveal various ways in which populations of African origin were incorporated into the Nation. Thus, we can see how the local configuration articulates with the overall discourse to privilege one facet or dimension of (cultural, or social, or political) Afro identification over another.

The Constitutionalisation of National Identity in EU Law and Its Implications

The idea of repatriating national powers from the EU is en vogue. The EU Treaty as amended by the Lisbon Treaty gave considerably more weight to the principles of subsidiarity, proportionality and national identity. This paper will look into the potential limiting effect of the Lisbon Treaty’s emphasis on national identity upon EU legislative competence. Against constructive approaches regarding the added value of the national identity provision of Article 4 (2) TEU, this paper will attempt to unpack the constitutional lack of utility of the principle through a critical interpretation of new CJEU case law. We will look at cases before the Luxembourg Court where Member States have resorted to national identity as a means of derogating from their EU law obligations. It is argued that these cases have only been successful in rebranding the old CJEU cases on legitimate interests to a new breed of case law bearing the national identity tag. The CJEU seems to have envisaged a form of constitutionalism where although Member States enjoy a monopoly over the definition of national identity (the 'what'), the power to determine the compatibility of those interests with EU obligations (the 'how') is vested in the CJEU. As such, this paper will explore whether this development constitutes a cause for celebration vis-a-vis the repatriation of national powers from the EU.