Definition Of Cyber Terrorism Research Articles

Cyberterrorism: informational and legal aspect

The article covers the informational and legal aspects of cyberterrorism. On the basis of the analysis of approaches developed by foreign and domestic scientists, essential signs of cyberterrorism. Cyber incidents and the main goals of cyber terrorists in Ukrainian cyberspace are analyzed. It contains a legal analysis of both regulatory acts of Ukraine in the field of information security and international legal acts in this area. Innovations in the legislation of certain foreign countries in the field of combating cyberterrorism are analyzed. The author’s definition of cyberterrorism as a type of terrorist activity, which is carried out using cyberattacks in cyberspace, is proposed. Based on the analysis of foreign experience in the field of combating terrorism, amendments are proposed to the Law of Ukraine “On Combating Terrorism”, as well as to the legislation on criminal liability for acts of cyberterrorism.

An Explorative Study into the Importance of Defining and Classifying Cyber Terrorism in the United Kingdom

Terrorism, crime, and war are all familiar notions; however, the way in which these have been altered through cyberspace is not yet fully, nor unanimously, understood through definitions, theories, and approaches. Although the threat level of terrorism in the UK has lowered to moderate, the threat posed by cyber terrorism has nonetheless heightened throughout the COVID pandemic due to the greater necessity and presence of technology in our lives. This research aimed to highlight the necessity for a unanimous cyber terrorism definition and framework and further aimed to determine what perceptions are held by the general public regarding cyber terrorism through a mixed methods approach. The literature review confirms that there is an absence of a unanimously agreed upon definition of cyber terrorism, and furthermore that the existing academic definitions are not compatible with UK legislation. In addition, the literature review highlights an absence of a cyber terrorism framework that classifies what kind of terrorist activity is cyber enabled or cyber dependent. Quantitative data from the online survey find a couple of significant effects implying the necessity for greater diversity amongst stakeholders which could potentially enhance the detection and prevention of terrorism in the UK. The qualitative data find that although there is some agreement amongst the sample population in views held towards cyber terrorism, some misconceptions are nonetheless present which could have implications on the general public’s ability to identify and report cyber terrorist activity. Overall, the findings from the literature review and the primary data collection aid in developing a cyber terrorism definition that is compatible with UK legislative definitions, and further aids in developing a terrorist activity framework that succinctly highlights the inextricable links between traditional, cyber enabled, and cyber-dependent terrorism.

CYBER TERRORISM: A CASE STUDY OF ISLAMIC STATE

In today’s postmodern world with the latest and top notch internet technologies in the market, if it has become easy and accessible for everyone to communicate with others sitting at the other corner of the world, it has also given rise to the cybercrimes including cyber terro rism which has not only provided grave threats to the whole world but also posed a question of whether with the manipulation of cyber space, cyber terrorists can damage or destroy the physical infrastructure of its target. Owing to easy access to everyone and strong damage done as compared to traditional terrorism, today terrorists are relying on cyber terrorism as well. The Islamic State (IS) has emerged as one of the brutal and violent terrorist organization s which hired cyber experts and manipulated cyber space to the extent that today they are most active and professional cyber users’ terrorist organization of the world. The main focus of the paper is to highlight the basic definition of cyber terrorism, how often it is different from traditional terrorism, use of cyber terrorism, how cyber terrorism can be manipulated through various latest tools and techniques and how Islamic State (ISIS) is using cyber space to spread its message.

Addressing the spectre of cyber terrorism: a comparative perspective

This article looks at the definition of cyber terrorism and terrorist use of the Internet. The article evaluates cyber terrorist threats facing countries such as the United States of America, the United Kingdom, India and South Africa. The article also examines measures introduced by the respective governments in these countries to counteract cyber terrorist threats. Finally, the article will propose a way forward to counteract such possible threats in the future.
 
 The face of terrorism is changing. The convergence of the physical and virtual worlds has resulted in the creation of a “new threat” called cyber terrorism. Cyber terrorism is one of the recognised cyber crimes. The absence of suitable legal frameworks to address cyber terrorism at national and regional levels, the lack of adequate safeguards, the lack of cyber security strategies and the pre-occupation of countries with internal factors have all contributed to the creation of an environment that can be easily infiltrated by cyber terrorists.
 
 The horrific events of 9/11 provided the impetus for many countries to introduce anti-terrorist legislation. The United States of America, United Kingdom, India and South Africa have introduced legislation to address the threat of cyber terrorism.

Cyber Terrorism Taxonomies

The aim of this paper is to identify common features in: the definition of cyber terrorism, cyber terrorism targets, cyber terrorism crimes and then develop effective mitigation strategies and countermeasures to tackle this phenomenon. Through rigorous analysis of literature covering academic articles and official reports, we develop cyber terrorism definition taxonomy which includes five elements: target, motive, means, effect and intention; cyber terrorism targets taxonomy identified from the following target areas: military forces, government cyber and physical infrastructures, critical national infrastructures, social and national identity, and private industry and entities. The cyber terrorism risk factors are classified into main five categories: national security, financial, social and cultural, operational disruption and physical destructions risks. The following identified patterns constituted the cyber terrorism targets taxonomy: incursion, destruction, service interruption, disinformation and web sites defacement. The authors categorized effective strategic approaches to tackle cyber terrorism as: administrative, technological, national and local alliances, international alliances, and education, training and psychological approach. They developed cyber terrorism taxonomies which represent a systematic organization and classification of knowledge that improves scientific awareness of cyber terrorism definition, boundaries, potential targets, crime patterns and effective mitigation strategies.

A Qualitative Analysis for Evaluating a Cyber Terrorism Framework in Malaysia

ABSTRACTTerrorist cyber attacks on Critical National Information Infrastructure are possible where motives, resources, and willingness to conduct operations against specific targets influence people to conduct such actions. However, there is no universally accepted definition of cyber terrorism, which seems to be a fundamental challenge in countering cyber terrorism threats. A schematic study has been conducted to discover various definitions of related terms used in this area. Although many policy makers and scholars have studied and provided the concept of cyber terrorism, some of the definitions are static and some are fragmented. Thus, in this research components that constitute cyber terrorism are explored, and the study is supported by systematic validation and an appropriate evaluation mechanism for the proposed components. The introduction of this paper indicates that the nature of cyber terrorism should be formulated from six perspectives: motivation, target, tools of attack, domain, method of action, and impact. According to our observations, there are both similarities and differences in views regarding the proposed cyber terrorism conceptual framework.

Cooperation between Cyber Criminals and Terrorist Organizations

This paper examines some of the most widely researched trends and developments within the phenomenon of modern international terrorism, providing policy recommendations on how to counter its emerging threats in recognizing the strong impact of cyber criminals to terrorist organizations. The magnitude of the modern terrorist threat was demonstrated by the attacks of September 11, and ever since, the field has experienced a renewal of sorts, attracting unprecedented attention of all factors. This paper will address the meaning of the mutual need of cyber criminals and terrorist organizations and their mutual impact on state-nations. It will also present the many disciplines applicable to understand the combination of the traditional with the cybernetic, demonstrating that the phenomenon is multifaceted in nature, requiring a cohesive international and broad-based response. In covering a number of dilemmas deriving from the combination of these two groups, the paper explores the debate over a definition of cyber terrorism, providing a proposed definition that distinguishes the cyber terrorism from the cybernetic crime. The paper continues on to explore the phenomenon of modern cyber terrorism, the role of traditional crime within the cyber sphere, and the growing threat of cyber terrorism – including the cooperation between them, actions taken in the network, the help of cybernetic criminals etc. The role of cyber terrorism in democratic states and the economic ramifications of cyber terrorism are also explored. Finally, the paper ends with conclusions on how governments should see the cybernetic terrorism and the cybernetic crime, what should they understand about them and how immediate should be the answer to these new developments. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n9p532

Addressing the spectre of cyber terrorism: a comparative perspective

This article looks at the definition of cyber terrorism and terrorist use of the Internet. The article evaluates cyber terrorist threats facing countries such as the United States of America, the United Kingdom, India and South Africa. The article also examines measures introduced by the respective governments in these countries to counteract cyber terrorist threats. Finally, the article will propose a way forward to counteract such possible threats in the future. The face of terrorism is changing. The convergence of the physical and virtual worlds has resulted in the creation of a “new threat” called cyber terrorism. Cyber terrorism is one of the recognised cyber crimes. The absence of suitable legal frameworks to address cyber terrorism at national and regional levels, the lack of adequate safeguards, the lack of cyber security strategies and the pre-occupation of countries with internal factors have all contributed to the creation of an environment that can be easily infiltrated by cyber terrorists. The horrific events of 9/11 provided the impetus for many countries to introduce antiterrorist legislation. The United States of America, United Kingdom, India and South Africa have introduced legislation to address the threat of cyber terrorism.KEYWORDS: Cyber space, cyber terrorists, cyber crime, cyber terrorism, hacktivism; legislation, international legislation; anti-terrorist legislation, cyber security, computer networks, critical infrastructure; United States of America, United Kingdom, India, South Africa.