Slow Deep Breathing Research Articles

In-silico simultaneous respiratory and circulatory measurement during voluntary breathing, exercise, and mental stress: A computational approach.

Voluntary breathing (VB), short-term exercise (STE), and mental stress (MS) can modulate breathing rate (BR), heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP), thereby affecting human physical and mental state. While existing experimental studies have explored the relationship between VB, STE, or MS and BR, HR, and BP changes, their findings remain fragmented due to individual differences and challenges in simultaneous, BR, HR, and BP measurements. We propose a computational approach for in-silico simultaneous measurements of the physiological values by comprehensive prediction of the respiratory and circulatory system responses to VB, STE, or MS. Our integrated model combines a respiratory system with a circulatory model, leveraging actor-critic reinforcement learning to control respiratory muscles. We introduce specific parameters to account for involuntary or VB and hyperventilation induced by STE. We modeled mental stress as an electrical input to the amygdala based on prior studies indicating that stress leads to amygdala hyperactivity. Our predictions for breathing rate (BR), tidal volume, minute ventilation, HR, and BP are validated against literature data obtained during various conditions, including different VB patterns (ranging from 6 to 14 bpm), active or passive knee flexion STE, and MS load. The model demonstrates good agreement with experimental results and highlights its ability to explore the mechanism of individual differences. Our model predicts heart rate variability (HRV) indices of total power spectral density and the ellipse area of Poincaré plot. Notably, slow deep breathing at a BR of 6 bpm increases HRV indices, promoting relaxation and cognitive performance. Conversely, MS elevates BP but reduces HRV indices, indicating an unstable and risky state for mental and physical health. Overall, our proposed computational approach provides simultaneous and reasonable predictions of various physiological values, accounting for individual variations through specific parameters.

Anxiety Score in Anxiety Patients Using Slow Deep Breathing Relaxation Therapy

Anxiety problems experienced can be caused by situations or conditions that a person will face that are considered threatening and endangering themselves so that pharmacological treatment is needed, namely in the form of antianxiety and non-pharmacological. Nonpharmacological therapy in generalist nurses that can be given to anxiety patients includes slow deep breathing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of slow deep breathing relaxation therapy on anxiety scores in anxiety patients in the Limboto Health Center working area. The research method used pre-experimental with one group pre-post test design. The study population was patients with anxiety who were in the Limboto Puskesmas working area. The sample in this study was the total population of 15 people. Based on the results showed that the average score of symptoms before slow deep breathing relaxation was 25.73 with a standard deviation of 1.668 and the average score after slow deep breathing relaxation was 15.33 with a standard deviation of 3.222, and the p-value obtained was 0.001 (<α 0.05), meaning that there was an effect of slow deep breathing relaxation therapy on anxiety scores in anxiety patients in the Limboto Puskesmas Working Area.

Effects of Pelvic Rocking and Deep Breathing Relaxation Exercises on the Progression of the Active Phase of the First Stage of Labor

Prolonged labor or undeveloped labor is one of the complications in childbirth. Where prolonged labor is labor that lasts more than 24 hours in primi and more than 18 hours in multi. The purpose of this research is for the Influence of Pelvic Rocking Exercise and Slow Deep Breathing Relaxation on the Progress of the First Stage of Labor among mothers giving birth in Indonesia in 2024. Research methods This is a pre experimental quantitative research with a group compilation statistical design. The data analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis using the Mann Whitney hypothesis test, which is a non-parametric test that measures differences equivalent to the independent T test in parametric measurements. The p-value result was 0.000. This shows that there is a significant influence of pelvic rocking exercise and slow deep breathing relaxation on the progress of the first stage of labor in 2024. This pelvic rocking exercise and slow deep breathing relaxation intervention can be applied by the birthing mother so that the mother can give birth safely, comfortably and in a quicker time than without intervention.

Efficacy of a Religious-Based Slow Deep Breathing Technique in Reducing Postoperative Pain: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Non-pharmacological methods offer a noninvasive solution for postoperative pain reduction, enhancing patient quality of life, and expediting recovery post-surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze differences in pain scale reduction in postoperative patients after administering slow deep breathing distraction-relaxation techniques with a religious approach. The design was experimental with pre- and post-tests by providing treatment to respondents using slow deep breathing exercises with a religious approach (the activity related to relaxation using sentences and special treatment explained in the data collection section) to postoperative patients. Pain scale scores ranged from 0 to 10. The total number of participants was 60 (laparotomy, mastectomy, or fracture surgery). A dependent t-test was used to analyse data . The pain scale score for patients after slow deep breathing surgery with a religious approach ranged from 4 to 10 on a numerical rating scale. The average reduction in pain scale score for patients after slow deep breathing surgery with a religious approach was 2.17 with a standard deviation of 0.994. The results of the statistical tests with the dependent t-test obtained a p-value of 0.000. This shows a significant reduction in pain levels among postoperative patients who perform slow deep breathing exercises with a religious approach. These findings suggest that this method is an effective and accessible way to manage postoperative pain. In conclusion, slow deep breathing with a religious approach is effective in reducing postoperative pain

The Effect of Slow Deep Breathing on Lowering Blood Pressure in Elderly People with Hypertension in Karangdowo Village, Sumberrejo District, Bojonegoro Regency

The Effect of Slow Deep Breathing on Lowering Blood Pressure in Elderly People with Hypertension in Karangdowo Village, Sumberrejo District, Bojonegoro Regency

Differences In Effectiveness Between Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy And Slow Deep Breathing Therapy On Elderly Sleep Quality

Background Every individual has a lifetime, starting from the womb, born into the world, to becoming elderly. Aging is a process of gradual loss of tissue's ability to repair itself, maintain its normal structure and function so that it cannot defend the tissue from injury (including infection), and repair the damage that occurs. In the elderly, there are various kinds of health problems such as sleep disorders. Sleep disorder or insomnia is a person's inability to sleep. Poor sleep quality can be improved in various ways such as relaxation techniques. Aim To compare the effectiveness of Jacobson's Progressive Muscle Relaxation (JPMR) and Slow Deep Breathing Therapy in improving sleep quality in the elderly. Method This type of research was a quantitative quasi-experiment with pretest and post-test methods (one group pre-test and post-test design). Respondents involved 49 people while research data were processed with the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. The Sleep Quality Questionnaire used the PSQI questionnaire. Result The Wilcoxon test with an alternative to the Mann-Whitney test showed no significant difference in effectiveness between the two therapies with p-value = 0.274. Conclusion Both therapies had almost the same level of effectiveness; there was no significant difference between the two, so progressive muscle relaxation therapy and Slow Deep Breathing were equally effective in treating anxiety and improving sleep quality.

Reduced Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetic Patients After Using a Combination of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (Pro-Mure) and Slow Deep Breathing Exercises (SD-Bex)

Background: One of the causes of diabetes mellitus is a person's lifestyle, namely their level of physical inactivity. So, to avoid complications, persons with diabetes mellitus require both pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological treatments to lower blood glucose values. Finding out if people with diabetes mellitus might reduce their blood glucose levels by combining a technique that involved slow deep breathing and progressive muscular relaxation was the primary goal of the research. Methods: This study is quasi-experimental because it uses a control group design with pre- and post-tests. The number of respondents is 34, and the method of sampling is purposive sampling. Twenty to twenty-five minutes of a combination of progressive muscle relaxation (Pro-Mure) and slow deep breathing exercises (SD-Bex) were administered to the experimental group, while the control group received the usual course of intervention. Values of blood glucose levels were the dependent variable. With a p-value of less than 0.05, the study used the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test to compare outcomes before and after treatment and the Mann-Whitney test to compare the experimental group to the control group. Results: We found that the intervention group's blood glucose value was 0.001 and the control group's was 0.025. A p-value of 0.001 was found on the value of blood glucose levels between the experimental group and the control group as a result of the study utilising the Mann-Whitney test. Conclusion: Those suffering from diabetes mellitus can find relief from their symptoms by combining the techniques of Progressive Muscle Relaxation with Slow Deep Breathing. Additionally, the method is simple to apply.

Penerapan Slow Deep Breathing Untuk Menurunkan Keletihan pada Pasien Chronic Kidney Disease: Studi Kasus

Fatigue is the most common physical symptom felt by chronic kidney failure patients. Manifestations of fatigue are the body's inability to carry out routine activities, lethargy, and feeling tired all the time. Non-pharmacological therapy that can reduce fatigue is slow deep breathing relaxation therapy. To determine the intervention for providing slow deep breathing relaxation therapy in chronic kidney failure patients with fatigue. This research design is a case study using nursing care. Mr. I is 64 years old suffering from chronic kidney failure stage v who experiences problems with nursing fatigue. The intervention provided is by providing pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy, slow deep breathing relaxation therapy. This study used the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue Scale instrument. Fatigue complaints decreased with an increase in fatigue score. Before being given therapy, the slow deep breathing reaction was at a score of 22.6 became 40.33 after being given therapy for 3 days. Slow deep breathing can be given as an alternative non-pharmacological therapy which has the effect of reducing fatigue. It is hoped that nursing students or nurses in inpatient rooms can provide this therapy as a non-pharmacological intervention for chronic kidney failure patients with fatigue.

Deep abdominal breathing reduces heart rate and symptoms during orthostatic challenge in patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.

This study investigated the effects of deep abdominal breathing on cardiovascular parameters and symptoms in patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) during head-up tilt-table (HUT) challenge. Thirty POTS patients completed two consecutive rounds of 10-min HUT in a crossover design. One round was HUT without intervention, and one round combined the HUT with deep breathing at a rate of 6 breaths/min. Cardiovascular parameters, including mean blood pressure and maximum and mean heart rate (HR), were measured supine and standing. Symptoms were assessed using the Vanderbilt Orthostatic Symptom Score (VOSS). During the breathing technique, the mean HR increase was -7.35 bpm (95% confidence interval [CI] = -11.71 to -2.98), and the maximum HR increase was -6.27 bpm (95% CI = -11.85 to -0.68, p = 0.041), significantly lower compared to normal breathing. Additionally, improvements were observed in all absolute cardiovascular parameters during standing, with VOSS symptoms simultaneously and significantly decreasing by -5.38 (95% CI = -10.43 to -0.36). Slow deep abdominal breathing can act as a simple technique to reduce the standing HR increase upon HUT in patients with POTS. This suggests that modulation of the cardiopulmonary neurocircuits and the respiratory pump may reduce HR increase and symptoms in patients with POTS. The findings of this study highlight the use of a safe, zero-cost, and simple behavioral tool to suggest to POTS patients for symptom relief apart from standard treatment. The observed improvements in cardiovascular parameters and symptoms offer a promising therapeutic approach for patients in times of inadequate treatment options.

Terapi Non Farmakologi dalam Pengendalian Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi

Changes in the pattern of communicable diseases to non-communicable diseases are classified as non-communicable diseases that do not cause scanning effects on other people and are a major factor in disorders of the blood vessels and chronic kidney disease, namely hypertension. Consumption of antihypertensive drugs continuously for a long time is not controlled and can increase the occurrence of Drug Related Problems (DRP). DRP is an effect experienced by the patient due to the involvement of the choice of treatment therapy used by the patient and is actually able to have an impact on the patient's condition such as non-adherence to drug consumption, drug side effects, or allergies that arise due to the drug consumed. This is proof that other alternative therapies are needed that are able to reduce the risk of dependence on drugs in maintaining the quality of life of people with hypertension, so the authors made a Literature Review on "Non-Pharmacological Therapy in Controlling Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients". To find out non-pharmacological therapy in controlling blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This type of research uses Literature Review with a Narrative Review approach. Where the database used is Clinical Key, Google Scholar, NCBI, textbook, MedScape, WHO, and data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Based on a Literature Review of the 12 articles analyzed in the study, it was stated that non- pharmacological therapy for hypertension is proven to be an alternative to lowering blood pressure through various means such as lifestyle interventions, biofeedback techniques, foot reflexology, slow deep breathing exercises, consumption various herbal plants to reduce the side effects of consuming synthetic drugs. Non-pharmacological therapy for hypertensive patients can reduce blood pressure with various methods.

The effectiveness of Slow Deep Breathing in DM patients who experience anxiety

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterised by persistent hyperglycemia. The etiology of the condition could stem from issues related to insulin secretion, peripheral insulin resistance, or a combination of both factors. Slow deep breathing (SDB) is abdominal breathing with a slow or slow frequency, rhythmic and comfortable which is done by closing the eyes and blowing air through the lips. SDB technique is done for 15 minutes 3 times a day, can be accomplished at any time. It is anticipated that there will be a globally recognised standard for Sleep-Disordered Breathing (SDB) procedures. This will facilitate further research utilizing larger sample sizes for more robust analysis. Aims: to detect the effect of the application of SDB to DM Type II patient experiencing anxiety during the treatment at Royal Prima Hospital. Study design: the chosen design was a quasi experiment with a case study with the use of the SPSS. The sample size comprised a singular participant meeting the criteria of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) accompanied by comorbid anxiety and undergoing treatment for a duration exceeding 48 hours. Data collection methods encompassed interviews, interventions, observations, documentation, and subsequent evaluations. Place and Duration of Study: Royal Prima Hospital and 1 month Methodology: quantitative methods were employed, adhering to ethical guidelines that included obtaining informed consent from participants who agreed to partake as respondents. Results: after SDB intervention the blood pressure was reduced from the first examination, and the period of sleep from 4 to 6-8 hours, the patient's anxiety was reduced as well as the dizziness. The patient exhibited a noticeable reduction in signs of tension. Conclusion: Slow Deep Breathing (SDB) can reduce anxiety in DM Type II patients.

Tactile breathing guidance increases oxygen saturation but not alertness or hypoxia symptoms.

We investigated the effect of tactile guided slow deep breathing compared with that of spontaneous breathing on blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), alertness, and hypoxia symptoms during acute hypobaric hypoxia. We also evaluated the usability of this tactile breathing guidance. Twelve male military pilots were exposed to a simulated altitude of 4,572 m (15,000 ft) in a repeated measures study while breathing spontaneously and during tactile guided slow deep breathing. Under both breathing conditions, measurements were performed at rest and during the performance of a cognitive task. The Stanford Sleepiness Scale was used to rate alertness, and hypoxia symptoms were reported using a list of general hypoxia symptoms. Usability was evaluated in a questionnaire. Tactile guidance of slow deep breathing significantly increased (p <.001) the SpO2 - 88% (95% confidence interval (CI) [84%, 91%]) at rest and 85% (95% CI [81%, 88%]) during the cognitive task - compared with spontaneous breathing - 78% (95% CI [75%, 81%]) at rest and 78% (95% CI [76%, 80%]) during the cognitive task. This increase in SpO2 had no effect on the level of alertness and number of hypoxia symptoms. Pilots were positive about the intensity and sensation of the vibration signal, but had difficulty following the vibration pattern during the cognitive task. Pre-training may improve slow deep breathing technique during performance of cognitive tasks.

Effect Of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy And Slow Deep Breathing On Blood Pressure Of Elderly With Hypertension

Hypertension is one of the degenerative diseases that often appear in the elderly. This starts with a person's inability to control or maintain a stable condition of blood pressure in the body. The frequent visits of the elderly to the elderly Posyandu in Janti village with complaints and blood pressure above normal reflect the lack of efforts of the elderly in controlling or stabilizing blood pressure in the body. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy andslow deep breathing on hypertension elderly blood pressure. Research design Like an experiment with a sample of 62 elderly people with hypertension, selected by purposive sampling technique which was then divided into 2 groups, 31 people in the treatment group were given a combination of progressive muscle relaxation andslow deep breathing, and 31 people in the control group were given therapyslow deep breathig. Data analysis used the Paired T-Test and Independent T-Test. The results of the study in the treatment group before being given the intervention obtained an average of 146.00 mmHg systolic, 91.52 mmHg diastolic (degree 1 hypertension). Independent T-Test analysis found on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse value ρ = 0.000 &lt; α = 0.05, meaning that there is a combination effect of progressive muscle relaxation and music therapy on blood pressure and pulse. Progressive muscle relaxation therapy and slow deep breathing can reduce blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. It is hoped that this therapy can be used as a non-pharmacological therapy to help lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients in addition to using pharmacological therapy.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Slow Deep Breathing dan Cryotherapy terhadap Nyeri Akibat Tusukan Fistula Arteriovenosa Pada Pasien Hemodialisis: Case Report

A problem often experienced by hemodialysis patients is pain when puncturing an arteriovenous fistula. Hemodialysis patients with AVFs experience an average of ten AVF punctures every month, lasting their entire lives. Persistent pain can negatively affect a patient's health, functional ability, and quality of life. This research uses a Case Report approach with nursing care. The intervention was carried out on a scale with structured data collection using the Numeric Scale Rating. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a combination of slow deep breathing and cryotherapy on arteriovenous fistula puncture. This case study carried out data collection through interviews, intervention, evaluation and documentation. The results of this case study showed that the combination of Slow Deep Breathing and Cryotherapy was effective in reducing pain due to AV fistula puncture in hemodialysis patients. Before the intervention was carried out, the pain scale for both respondents was 6 (moderate pain), but after the intervention with Slow Deep Breathing and Cryotherapy for 4 sessions for 15 minutes, the pain scale decreased to 2 (mild pain).

EFFECTIVENESS OF EFFLEURAGE BACK MASSAGE AND SLOW DEEP BREATHING ON VITAL SIGNS IN HYPERTENSION PATIENTS

There are quite a lot of hypertension sufferers in middle age in society and are easy to detect. Controlling hypertension requires lifelong medication and non-pharmacological measures. To reduce the side effects of treatment, non-pharmacological measures are needed, namely effleurage back massage and slow deep breathing. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of effleurage back massage and slow deep breathing on vital signs, oxygen saturation, and anxiety in primary hypertension sufferers aged 45 - 54 years. The method in this research uses a quasi–experimental design with a non-randomized pretest–posttest control group design approach. The sample for this study was primary hypertension sufferers aged 45 - 54 years who received routine treatment at the Health UPTD in the Blitar City area, totaling 101 sufferers (51 in the treatment group, 50 in the control group). Inclusion criteria for patients were having systolic blood pressure of 140 – 180 mmHg and diastolic 90 – 100 mmHg, receiving a maximum of 2 standard antihypertensive treatments and not smoking. Analysis used descriptive and t-tests. The results of this study showed that after effleurage back massage and slow deep breathing, there was a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 16.37 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure of 10.39 mmHg, pulse of 3.53 times/minute and respiration of 0.73 times per minute. Effleurage back massage and slow deep breathing are effective if done regularly and require a massage break after the sixth appointment.

EFFECTIVENESS OF EFFLEURAGE BACK MASSAGE AND SLOW DEEP BREATHING ON VITAL SIGNS IN HYPERTENSION PATIENTS

There are quite a lot of hypertension sufferers in middle age in society and are easy to detect. Controlling hypertension requires lifelong medication and non-pharmacological measures. To reduce the side effects of treatment, non-pharmacological measures are needed, namely effleurage back massage and slow deep breathing. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of effleurage back massage and slow deep breathing on vital signs, oxygen saturation, and anxiety in primary hypertension sufferers aged 45 - 54 years. The method in this research uses a quasi–experimental design with a non-randomized pretest–posttest control group design approach. The sample for this study was primary hypertension sufferers aged 45 - 54 years who received routine treatment at the Health UPTD in the Blitar City area, totaling 101 sufferers (51 in the treatment group, 50 in the control group). Inclusion criteria for patients were having systolic blood pressure of 140 – 180 mmHg and diastolic 90 – 100 mmHg, receiving a maximum of 2 standard antihypertensive treatments and not smoking. Analysis used descriptive and t-tests. The results of this study showed that after effleurage back massage and slow deep breathing, there was a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 16.37 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure of 10.39 mmHg, pulse of 3.53 times/minute and respiration of 0.73 times per minute. Effleurage back massage and slow deep breathing are effective if done regularly and require a massage break after the sixth appointment.

Impact of Slow Deep Breathing Exercises using Incentive Spirometry on Functional Capacity among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Introduction A condition known as coronary artery disease occurs when the myocardium does not receive enough blood or oxygen. It is caused by blockage of the coronary arteries and is characterized by an imbalance in the supply and demand of oxygen. Usually, it involves blood flow obstruction caused by plaques that form in the coronary artery lumen. It is the leading global cause of death. Methods Participants in this quasi-experimental research design included patients with coronary artery diseases. Patients with severe respiratory conditions, a history of coughing, difficulty breathing deeply, non-pulmonary status at first examination, and inability to complete the study were among the exclusion criteria. the participants in the study were 50 samples (25 research groups and 25 control groups), the research groups were given an incentive spirometer in addition to hands-on instruction on how to use it and collect accurate measurements. Patients were told to lie down or sit in order to breathe in and out through the tube 10 times. Patients were instructed to do this exercise three times every eight hours for a duration of three weeks. Findings: Three weeks following the intervention, a re-assessment of the functional capacity, revealed an improvement in factional capacity solely in the study groups relative to the pre-test. Conclusion Using an innovative spirometer, the study demonstrated the impact of various deep breaths on the functional capacity of patients with CAD. Nearly all patients demonstrated a significant short-term improvement in their functional capacity, and no significant side effects were found. Consequently, this methodology can be applied in subsequent research to examine long-term impacts for weeks or months. Because it is simple to use and the measurement is non-intrusive, this method is perfect for self-monitoring at home.

Combination of Slow Deep Breathing Technique and Lavender Aromatherapy on Labor Pain Intensity Period I Active Phase in Maternity Patients Primipara at dr. Abdul Rivai Berau Hospital

Labor pain in the first stage of the active phase felt by primiparous mothers at dr. Abdul Rivai Hospital is like a strong and very scary stab, and in facing labor pain, primiparous mothers do not know how to deal with the pain they feel, so some primiparous mothers are agitated, screaming, hitting their husbands, asking for a Caesarean section without medical indication. This study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy on the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase in primiparous mothers giving birth. The Study used pre-experimental methods and a group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design with a population of primiparous mothers giving birth at Dr Abdul Rivai Hospital, Berau Regency, with an average of 43 people per month, based on the Lameshow formula with a sample of 35 people. The research instrument uses the NRS scale. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The score for labor pain in the first stage of the active phase before the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy carried was 8, and after the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy was 7. There is an effect of the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy on the intensity of labor pain in the active phase of the first stage in primiparous women giving birth (p-value = 0.000 &lt; ?: 0.05). This indicates that the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy influences reduces the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase in primiparous women giving birth

Komunikasi Edukasi Penyuluhan Slow Deep Breathing Exercises Terhadap Hipertensi Pada Warga Kelurahan Sumber Surakarta di Wilayah Binaan Puskesmas Banyuanyar

Background: High blood pressure, commonly known as hypertension, is a medical condition that must be taken seriously. If uncontrolled, hypertension can cause various complications from other serious diseases. Seeing the high prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia, efforts are needed to reduce blood pressure in elderly people who suffer from hypertension. The aim of this activity is to provide educational outreach about hypertension, namely a slow deep breathing exercise training program to help lower blood pressure in residents suffering from hypertension.Method: Community Service Counseling is carried out using leaflets, blood pressure checks using a sphygmomanometer and blood pressure lowering exercises using the slow deep breathing exercise technique. The population for this activity are residents of the Sumber Surakarta subdistrict.Results: One effective treatment method for patients with hypertension is slow deep breathing exercises. This community service activity was held at Posyandu Posyandu COE Catur Manunggal RW 16 Sumber. Conclusion: The outreach and education activities on slow deep breathing exercises for hypertension carried out at Posyandu COE Catur Manunggal RW 16 Sumber Village, can increase the knowledge of cadres and residents about hypertension and slow deep breathing breathing exercises. The results are expected to bring improvements to the quality of life of residents suffering from hypertension

Slow Deep Breathing in Patients Following Double Lumen Catheter Insertion Experiencing Acute Pain Nursing Problems: A Case Report

Inserting a double-lumen catheter (CDL) in hemodialysis patients results in adverse effects, specifically pain. Pain is a disagreeable sensation caused by tissue injury involving sensory and emotional components. Pain management is a nursing care option for individuals experiencing pain. Pain can be managed by non-pharmacological methods, such as the Slow Deep Breathing (SDB) technique. This case study aims to assess the intervention for sleep-disordered breathing in patients with chronic renal disease following central venous catheter installation, focusing on acute pain nursing issues. This article used a case report style focused on a single patient in the treatment room. The effectiveness of the SDB intervention was evaluated by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and by monitoring the patient's blood pressure, pulse, and respiration. The intervention resulted in a decrease in the NRS score from 2 to 0. Additionally, the blood pressure value decreased to normal, the pulse remained within the normal range, and there was no change in the patient's respiratory value for three days post-intervention. Expanding the use of SDB therapies to a more diverse group of patients will enhance the evidence supporting the effectiveness of these interventions.