Deep Breathing Techniques Research Articles

“Effectiveness of School-based Scaling up Teen Mental Health Program through peer synergy (SUTMP) on mental health promotion, mental health literacy, and resilience among senior secondary students of Sikkim, India- A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.”

BackgroundMental health conditions are a significant burden during adolescence, with up to 50% starting before age 14. Suicide is among the top three causes of death in this age group, highlighting the need for effective mental health interventions. ObjectiveThe primary objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of school-based Scaling up Teen Mental Health Program through peer synergy (SUTMP) on mental health literacy among senior secondary students. MethodsA cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted among the students of government senior secondary schools. The intervention comprises five modules focusing on mental health literacy, mental health promotion, peer synergy on first aid in mental health, strengthening resilience, and the fifth module focuses on relaxation exercises, meditation and deep breathing techniques, and mindfulness with “Teen mental health app.” Students will be assessed using the Resilience Scale, Mental Health Promotion Knowledge Scale, Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale, Teen Mental Health Literacy Scale, and Peer Synergy on Mental Health First Aid Scale. Assessment will be done before the intervention, one week after, at three and six months post-intervention. Expected ResultsThe anticipated outcome of the study is that the school-based Scaling up Teen Mental Health Program (SUTMP) will increase mental health literacy among school students, strengthen their resilience skills, and increase the use of a peer-led approach for providing initial mental health first aid. ConclusionThe study will employ an innovative module for delivering the intervention, integrating on-site and app-based approaches in a blended manner.

Efficacy of a Religious-Based Slow Deep Breathing Technique in Reducing Postoperative Pain: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Non-pharmacological methods offer a noninvasive solution for postoperative pain reduction, enhancing patient quality of life, and expediting recovery post-surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze differences in pain scale reduction in postoperative patients after administering slow deep breathing distraction-relaxation techniques with a religious approach. The design was experimental with pre- and post-tests by providing treatment to respondents using slow deep breathing exercises with a religious approach (the activity related to relaxation using sentences and special treatment explained in the data collection section) to postoperative patients. Pain scale scores ranged from 0 to 10. The total number of participants was 60 (laparotomy, mastectomy, or fracture surgery). A dependent t-test was used to analyse data . The pain scale score for patients after slow deep breathing surgery with a religious approach ranged from 4 to 10 on a numerical rating scale. The average reduction in pain scale score for patients after slow deep breathing surgery with a religious approach was 2.17 with a standard deviation of 0.994. The results of the statistical tests with the dependent t-test obtained a p-value of 0.000. This shows a significant reduction in pain levels among postoperative patients who perform slow deep breathing exercises with a religious approach. These findings suggest that this method is an effective and accessible way to manage postoperative pain. In conclusion, slow deep breathing with a religious approach is effective in reducing postoperative pain

The Effect of Marjoram Aromatherapy and Deep Breathing Techniques on Blood Pressure of Hypertensive Patients

Hypertension is a major cause and risk factor for death worldwide. Nonpharmacological therapy of hypertension to reduce blood pressure of hypertensive patients, one of which is marjoram aromatherapy and deep breathing techniques that have proven effective in hypertensive patients. Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of marjoram aromatherapy and deep breathing techniques on blood pressure of hypertensive patients. Methods: This type of research is a quasy experiment with a one group pretest-postest design without control group approach, the number of samples was 20 respondents using total sampling. The data collection technique used is observation through blood pressure measurement. Hypothesis analysis is normality test, One Way Repeated Measurement (ANOVA), and multiple linear regression. Results: There is an effect of marjoram aromatherapy and deep breathing techniques on blood pressure of hypertensive patients (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: There is an effect of marjoram aromatherapy and deep breathing techniques on the blood pressure of hypertensive patients. Marjoram aromatherapy interventions and deep breathing techniques can be socialized in hospitals and can be done independently at home to reduce blood pressure in people with hypertension.

Bedtime music therapy for college students with insomnia: A randomized assessor-blinded controlled trial

BackgroundInsomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder in contemporary society, frequently coexists with other mental health conditions such as depression, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Sleep disorders can compromise daytime functioning and overall quality of life. While music has been explored as an adjunct therapy for insomnia, its efficacy in improving insomnia among students remains unclear. MethodsSeventy-five students, aged between 18 and 30 years with an average age of 20.97 years (SD: 1.92), presenting sleep issues were randomly allocated to one of three groups: the classical music group, the jazz music group, and the control group, each with 25 participants. Participants in the classical and jazz music group were instructed to listen to classical or jazz music for a minimum of 30 min preceding bedtime. This was paired with deep breathing and relaxation techniques, practiced two consecutive nights per week from 23:00 to 01:00 over a five-week intervention period. Conversely, participants in the control group were only directed to follow the deep breathing and relaxation techniques before sleep on two consecutive nights weekly.Insomnia severity with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI- II), and anxiety symptoms with the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Measurements were taken at baseline, after the second week of intervention, at the intervention's conclusion (five weeks), and two months post-intervention (follow-up). Results1. The music groups showed a significant difference in insomnia severity compared with the control group after five weeks of intervention(p < .05). 2. music groups exhibited significant enhancements in sleep quality relative to the control group after a five-week intervention (p < .05). 3. Regarding mood enhancement, music groups showed significant improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms compared to the baseline after the five-week intervention. Notably, the control group also displayed improvements in these symptoms post-intervention. Conclusion1. Integrating music into a consistent bedtime routine ameliorates sleep quality and insomnia severity. However, no specific genre of music emerged as the superior choice for pre-sleep listening. 2. While music can considerably enhance mood indicators like depression and anxiety, techniques such as deep breathing and mindfulness also contribute positively. 3. Incorporating music before sleep tangibly elevates overall quality of life and daytime functioning. Trial registrationChiCTR2300073953.

Penerapan Hipnotis Lima Jari untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Kecemasan pada Orang Tua di Kelurahan Kalipanpur

Background: Anxiety is a psychological condition of a person who is full of fear and worry, where feelings of fear and worry about something that is not certain will happen. Anxiety comes from Latin (anxius) and from German (anst), which is a word used to describe negative effects and physiological stimuli One way to overcome anxiety is by using deep breathing relaxation techniques and five-finger hypnosis. Some of the benefits of deep breathing techniques are the psychological benefits of relieving stress is one way to relax the body by concentrating on breathing. Deep breathing can help reduce the severity and frequency of stress-related headache tension, slow the heart rate, low blood pressure and reduce fatigue.The five-finger hypnosis technique is a form of self-hypnosis situation diversion that can cause a relaxation effect, so that it will reduce anxiety, tension, and stress from a person's mind which can affect breathing, heart rate, pulse, blood pressure, reduce muscle tension, strengthen memory, release hormones that can trigger anxiety, and regulate hormones related to stress. Teaching parents who experience anxiety with relaxation, namely 5-finger hypnosis, so that anxiety decreases and the body becomes relaxed. Objective: To provide education to the wider community in the use of five-finger hypnosis therapy to reduce anxiety.Method: used in this PKM activity is to implement the implementation, namely explaining the theory of 5-finger hypnosis, interviewing respondents. Demonstration of 5-finger hypnosis, giving examples first, then demonstrating directly.The results of this community service activity are very useful because they can reduce anxiety and the body becomes relaxed, because usually only using deep breathing. So it will be applied if you experience anxiety, the time can be anytime and anywhere.Conclusion: The implementation of the five-finger hypnosis therapy education went smoothly and the results of increased knowledge were obtained before and after education was carried out on how to use five-finger hypnosis to reduce anxiety. The community is expected to be able to practice how to use five-finger hypnosis when feeling anxious as a form of achievement of this program.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MINDFULNESS DEEP BREATHING TO INCREASE STUDENTS' ACADEMIC WELL-BEING

The study of positive psychology is currently an interesting part of efforts to form students who are active and happy in the learning process with meaningful activities. Mindfulness deep breathing in the learning process is not widely studied, because research is still limited to individual and group contexts. Thus, this research focuses on the application of classical mindfulness deep breathing format which is effective in improving students' academic well-being. The design used was multiple pretest post test with the research subjects being class X high school students. Data collection uses the Student Subjective Wellbeing Questionnaire (SSWQ). The results of the repeated measure test prove that the classical format mindfulness deep breathing is effective in improving students' academic well-being (f (1,72) = 272,80; p &lt;0,001). The findings in this study show the effectiveness of the mindfulness deep breathing technique implemented in a classical format in improving students' academic well-being.

The Effect Of Deep Breathing And Hand Massage On The Pain Of Ca Mammae Patients

Ca mammae refers to a breach in breast tissue, originating from both the epithelium of the ductus and the lobe, spreading through lymphatic vessels to other organs in the body and potentially resulting in metastases? Swelling of the breasts signals this process, causing pain that, if not addressed, could result in complications and discomfort. Deep breathing techniques and hand massage can alleviate the pain. The criteria of the patients with ca mammae are mild to moderate pain, and those with emergency conditions, shortness of breath, olive oil allergies, and injuries to hands and infusions. This quantitative quasi-experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design used purposive sampling techniques on a sample of 45 people. This study uses a numerical assessment scale (NRS). The researchers analyze the data using the Wilcoxson test. The results showed a p-value of 0.000 for the majority of adults aged 46–65 (48.9%), PS education (44.4%), unemployment (82.2%), stage (62.2%), and treatment (53.3%). This study finds the effect on the ca mammae patient. When using more pure oils, additional research recommendations should be considered.

The effectiveness of multidisciplinary interventions based on health belief model on musculoskeletal pain in the elderly living in nursing homes: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundDue to the burden of musculoskeletal diseases in the elderly and the multifactorial nature of such conditions, controlling the pain caused by these disorders requires multidisciplinary approach. This approach requires the participation of the elderly in applying effective prevention measures. This study aims to design a multidisciplinary educational intervention based on health belief model (HBM) for elderly residents of nursing homes.MethodsThis is a parallel randomized clinical trial among elderly people aged 60 years and over living in a nursing home who suffer from musculoskeletal pain. Eligible participants will be divided into two groups including the intervention group who will receive a multidisciplinary intervention (vitamin D consumption, psycho-social stress management, and physiotherapy) and the control group who will receive usual care. Data collection instruments will include demographic data, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), the visual analogue scale (VAS), and a self-designed questionnaire containing the HBM constructs. The interventions will be carried out by the educational team (general practitioner, psychologist, physiotherapist, and health education specialist). Interventions include changing the wrong beliefs of the elderly, taking 800 units of vitamin D daily, daily walking exercise by the elderly for at least 30 min and maintaining proper body posture during daily activities, muscle relaxation, relaxation techniques, regular exercise, examining their diet and eliminating stimulants (such as smoking and coffee), regular visits with friends and family, and deep breathing techniques. All questionnaires will be completed by the elderly before, after, 3, and 6 months after the intervention.DiscussionThe present study will evaluate the effect of an educational intervention based on a multifaceted pain control approach for elderly people who reside in nursing homes in order to reduce musculoskeletal pain in the elderly living in nursing homes. One of the features of this study is its focus on improving the health of elderly residents in nursing homes. Given the increase in the elderly population worldwide, the findings from the current trial might benefit elderly populations.Trial registrationIRCT20220904055881N1. Registered on 11 February 2023.

Tactile breathing guidance increases oxygen saturation but not alertness or hypoxia symptoms.

We investigated the effect of tactile guided slow deep breathing compared with that of spontaneous breathing on blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), alertness, and hypoxia symptoms during acute hypobaric hypoxia. We also evaluated the usability of this tactile breathing guidance. Twelve male military pilots were exposed to a simulated altitude of 4,572 m (15,000 ft) in a repeated measures study while breathing spontaneously and during tactile guided slow deep breathing. Under both breathing conditions, measurements were performed at rest and during the performance of a cognitive task. The Stanford Sleepiness Scale was used to rate alertness, and hypoxia symptoms were reported using a list of general hypoxia symptoms. Usability was evaluated in a questionnaire. Tactile guidance of slow deep breathing significantly increased (p <.001) the SpO2 - 88% (95% confidence interval (CI) [84%, 91%]) at rest and 85% (95% CI [81%, 88%]) during the cognitive task - compared with spontaneous breathing - 78% (95% CI [75%, 81%]) at rest and 78% (95% CI [76%, 80%]) during the cognitive task. This increase in SpO2 had no effect on the level of alertness and number of hypoxia symptoms. Pilots were positive about the intensity and sensation of the vibration signal, but had difficulty following the vibration pattern during the cognitive task. Pre-training may improve slow deep breathing technique during performance of cognitive tasks.

Effectiveness of Deep Breathing Technique on Pain Level of School Children during Catheterization

Abstract Background: Pediatric medical procedures mostly cause pain and fear among hospitalized children. Many nonpharmacological pain strategies can used to decrease children’s fear and pain in addition to decreasing the burden of medication. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the deep breathing technique on children's pain intensity during urine catheterization procedures, at Children Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad city. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was selected to determine the effects of pain strategies through achieving the manipulation and control group, conducted with a nonprobability (convenience) sample of 60 children of both genders at the age range of 6–12 years, divided into three groups of 20 children in each group. The study was carried out at Children Welfare Teaching Hospitals, from the period October 13, 2021, to July 28, 2022. The numeric Pain Rating Scale was used to assess pain level before and after nursing intervention with three pain management methods that included deep breathing technique, pharmacological, and combination methods. Results: The result of the study revealed that the application of deep breathing techniques, pharmacological, and combination methods were effective in reducing children’s pain at different levels. The deep breathing method has a significant influence on reducing children’s pain. The most effective method to reduce children’s pain was a combination method. Conclusion: This study concludes that the application of all pain management methods in this study was effective in reducing children’s pain at different levels during catheterization. The combination method (pharmacological and nonpharmacological) was most effective in reducing children’s pain. However, the deep breathing method approved its significant influence on children’s pain.

Qanā‘ah al-Ghazālī sebagai Landasan Stabilitas Mental: Pendekatan Holistik-Psikosufistik dengan Teknik Pernapasan 4-7-8

This article examines al-Ghazālī’s concept of qanā‘ah—contentment—as a pathway to mental health stability, offering insights into the wisdom and meaning behind applying Sufism and holistic therapeutic practices to address emotions such as anger, sadness, and anxiety. The 4-7-8 deep breathing technique is proposed as a complementary solution to these mental health challenges. The research adopts a psycho-sufistic approach to healing, focusing on the management of mental stability issues related to anger, anxiety, and sadness through the integration of Sufi qanā‘ah and the 4-7-8 breathing method, tailored for the modern era. A qualitative methodology with descriptive analysis is employed, drawing on library-based research. The data is sourced from various forms of documentation, including books, newspapers, transcripts, and other written materials, analyzed using text and discourse analysis techniques. The findings suggest that the application of psycho-sufistic qanā‘ah combined with the 4-7-8 breathing technique can effectively address mental stability issues, offering a means to alleviate anger, sadness, and anxiety in contemporary society. This holistic and Sufi-informed psychological approach aims to harmonize the heart and mind, fostering a more meaningful and fulfilling life for individuals in the modern age.

THE EFFECT OF DEEP BREATHING AND MASSAGE RELAXATION TECHNIQUES ON REDUCING THE SCALE OF PAIN IN HERNIOTOMY PATIENTS

Herniotomyis a surgery performed to free the hernia sac up to the neck, so that adhesions do not occur and then it is repositioned. The hernia sac is stitched, tied as high as possible and then cut. The patient will always experience pain after surgery on day 1. Deep breathing and massage relaxation techniques are one of the non-pharmacological pain management methods to reduce pain. this research aims todetermine the effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques and massage on reducing the pain scale in herniotomy patients. This research uses a literature review by searching articles on the Google Scholar electronic database. Several articles were found in the Google Scholar search database, but only 8 articles met all the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Results: pain in post-operative patients often occurs, there are many non-pharmacological techniques to treat pain, one of which is the deep breathing technique. Conclusion: The conclusion of the 8 journals studied is that deep breathing relaxation therapy is very influential in reducing pain intensity in postoperative patients if done correctly and continuously.

Combination of Slow Deep Breathing Technique and Lavender Aromatherapy on Labor Pain Intensity Period I Active Phase in Maternity Patients Primipara at dr. Abdul Rivai Berau Hospital

Labor pain in the first stage of the active phase felt by primiparous mothers at dr. Abdul Rivai Hospital is like a strong and very scary stab, and in facing labor pain, primiparous mothers do not know how to deal with the pain they feel, so some primiparous mothers are agitated, screaming, hitting their husbands, asking for a Caesarean section without medical indication. This study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy on the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase in primiparous mothers giving birth. The Study used pre-experimental methods and a group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design with a population of primiparous mothers giving birth at Dr Abdul Rivai Hospital, Berau Regency, with an average of 43 people per month, based on the Lameshow formula with a sample of 35 people. The research instrument uses the NRS scale. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The score for labor pain in the first stage of the active phase before the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy carried was 8, and after the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy was 7. There is an effect of the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy on the intensity of labor pain in the active phase of the first stage in primiparous women giving birth (p-value = 0.000 &lt; ?: 0.05). This indicates that the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy influences reduces the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase in primiparous women giving birth

Slow Deep Breathing in Patients Following Double Lumen Catheter Insertion Experiencing Acute Pain Nursing Problems: A Case Report

Inserting a double-lumen catheter (CDL) in hemodialysis patients results in adverse effects, specifically pain. Pain is a disagreeable sensation caused by tissue injury involving sensory and emotional components. Pain management is a nursing care option for individuals experiencing pain. Pain can be managed by non-pharmacological methods, such as the Slow Deep Breathing (SDB) technique. This case study aims to assess the intervention for sleep-disordered breathing in patients with chronic renal disease following central venous catheter installation, focusing on acute pain nursing issues. This article used a case report style focused on a single patient in the treatment room. The effectiveness of the SDB intervention was evaluated by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and by monitoring the patient's blood pressure, pulse, and respiration. The intervention resulted in a decrease in the NRS score from 2 to 0. Additionally, the blood pressure value decreased to normal, the pulse remained within the normal range, and there was no change in the patient's respiratory value for three days post-intervention. Expanding the use of SDB therapies to a more diverse group of patients will enhance the evidence supporting the effectiveness of these interventions.

PELATIHAN HYPNOBIRTHING BASIC UNTUK MANAJEMEN NYERI PERSALINAN PADA IBU HAMIL DI DESA TARAWEANG, KECAMATAN LABBAKKANG, KABUPATEN PANGKEP, PROPINSI SULAWESI SELATAN

Hypnosis, self-hypnosis, and hypnobirthing are techniques to overcome childbirth anxiety. Expectant mothers are taught to trust their bodies, regain confidence in their ability to give birth, and release tension and pain through deep relaxation, breathing, and visualization techniques. Despite the many relevant studies cited, hypnobirthing has not been an institutionally preferred option offered by childbirth service providers such as government health centers and hospitals, possibly due to a lack of written policy support. This option is available through private childbirth service providers or hypnobirthing practitioners who provide complementary therapies. The lack of comprehensive childbirth preparation (physical, mental, and social) among young mothers in Taraweang Village, Labbakkang Sub-district, Pangkep District This prompted us to present a new approach to childbirth by introducing the concept, benefits, and how to do self-hypnosis independently to increase awareness and readiness before birth. This activity was implemented on April 5, 2023, after a socialization process with the partners in March 2023. The activity, which involved 15 pregnant women from Taraweang Village, began with a screening process for labor readiness and the mother's mental health condition using a distress scale form. Then followed socialization and training, as well as a 60-minute hypnosis simulation using reclusiveness techniques to increase awareness and readiness for dealing with pain. The activity ended with a pre-test to assess the mother's reaction to the therapy results. Based on data analysis, we concluded that pregnant women who received 60 minutes of hypnobirthing relaxation therapy experienced a decrease in the distress scale. This activity is expected to be carried out independently at the mothers' homes using the knowledge that has been provided in the process of community partnership activities in 2023. This activity will be further developed and evaluated, especially to ensure the sustainability of the benefits felt by partners in subsequent activities.

PENGGUNAAN TERAPI KOMPLEMENTER BIRTH BALL TERHADAP PEMBUKAAN SERVIKS PADA IBU BERSALIN PRIMIGRAVIDA

Introduction. One of the complications of childbirth that contributes to maternal mortality is prolonged labor. Various physiological efforts made to prevent prolonged labour, such as pregnancy exercises, deep breathing techniques and the use of birthballs. Birthball means a birth ball that can be used by first-time mothers to their usual position help progress in labour. Birthball can stimulate the opening of the cervix and widen the pelvic outlet. Sit straight on the ball then the force of gravity will help the fetus or the lowest part of the fetus to get down to the pelvis. Objectives. This study aims to determine Effect of complementary therapy with Birth Ball on opening cervix at PMB Yunita Cecilia Malang. Methods. This research uses the method quasi experiment with post test only design with control group design. Subjects in this study were normal primigravida mothers who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. The size of the research sample is 60 people divided into two intervention and control groups. This research instrument using a questionnaire and partograph. Data analysis using an unpaired difference test. Results. The research results found that After the study, it was found that there was a significant difference in the progress of labor in the two groups (p value = 0.000). Conclusions. So that it can It can be concluded that there is an effect of complementary therapy with a birth ball on the opening of the cervix in women giving birth. It is recommended for mothers who are giving birth practicing complementary therapy exercises while sitting on a maternity ball can recommended as one significant way to improve labor progress.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: birth ball; opening of the cervix; giving birth

Effects of Stacking Breathing Techniques on Respiratory Efficiency of Post COVID-19 Patients

Background: Long COVID is a term used to describe persistent symptoms and complications experienced byindividuals after recovering from acute COVID-19 infection. Respiratory impairment, defined by diminishedlung function, exercise intolerance, and diminished respiratory muscle strength, is one of the frequent longtermconsequences of COVID-19 which can significantly impact the quality of life. Hence, exploring effectiveinterventions to improve respiratory efficiency in this population is crucial.Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of stacking breathing techniques on respiratory efficiency inpost COVID-19 patients.Material and Method: This is an experimental study done using convenient sampling technique with inclusioncriteria of age between 18 to 60 taken from siva physiotherapy clinic. Patients having SPO2 level of 95. History ofPost Covid Patients with secondary disease and irregular heartbeat were excluded. The sampling size of the studyis (n=60) subjects for a period of 4 weeks. The entire process was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023.Results: According to the statistical analysis, Deep Breathing Techniques are successful in improving respiratoryrate among Post Covid-19 Patients. The statistical analysis of both the groups with respect to the post-test values(mean ± SD) for respiratory rate 17.1700 ± 1.2600 and 15.47± 1.07 and showed that the p value is statisticallysignificant &lt;0.0001. Post intervention (mean ± SD) for post Covid -19 functional status scale(PCFS) 0.83 ± 0.75 and1.40± 0.77and showed that the p value is statistically significant &lt;0.0001.Conclusion: This study finally concluded that deep breathing techniques have a high impact in improvingRespiratory rate and Post Covid 19 functional status scale (PCFS) among Post Covid-19 Patients

The Effect of The Combination of Slow Deep Breathing and Humming on Improving Oxygen Saturation of Inpatients With Pneumonia at RSUD Jayapura

Pneumonia is an infectious disease affecting the lower respiratory tract with signs and symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath. Pneumonia cases in Indonesia are estimated to have 4 million deaths due to pneumonia every year. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Slow, Deep Breathing and Humming techniques on changes in oxygen saturation in pneumonia patients at Jayapura Regional Hospital. This quantitative research uses a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test approach without a control group design. The sample consisted of 30 subjects who were given a slow deep breathing technique intervention of 5 cycles in 15 minutes and humming four cycles in 10 minutes, done once daily for six days. The instruments in the research used the Pulse Oximetry tool. The sampling technique used nonprobability sampling with total sampling. The results showed a difference in SpO2 values before and after the Slow, Deep Breathing, and Humming intervention was carried out in subjects with pneumonia with a p= 0.001 (p &lt; 0.05). It can be interpreted that the Hypothesis (Ha1) is accepted so that it can be concluded that the slow, deep breathing and humming interventions can help improve Sp02. There is a need for further research on nurses' complementary therapy in oxygenation management, where this exercise is one of the nurse's interventions in overcoming decreased SpO2 in pneumonia patients.

Analisis Tahapan Konseling Pastoral dengan Pendekatan Mindfulness terhadap Remaja Dengan Gangguan Kecemasan

Abstract Anxiety problems are common and can be felt by every individual. However, when a person experiences anxiety, it can have a negative impact on their survival, both for themselves and for their environment. This study aims to analyze the stages of pastoral counseling with a mindfulness approach to adolescents who often experience anxiety. This research uses the method. Action research (action research). based on the results of the study that the mindfulness approach with deep breathing techniques and visual imagery when applied in the pastoral counseling process guided by the stage of pastoral konseling is effective in minimizing or reducing feelings of anxiety and even fear, giving a sense of relaxation, calm, comfort so that the counselee is better able to control his mind and himself. As a result, adolescents who previously often experienced anxiety when they saw family situations/conditions were in conflict could be minimized by regulating their breathing. This is very important because the anxiety that often strikes can hinder the relationship/relation with the family to be not good.

Effect of self reiki and slow deep breathing on blood pressure of patients with hypertension

Hypertension presents a significant challenge in Indonesia, commonly encountered in primary healthcare settings. This study aimed to assess the impact of self-administered reiki and slow, deep breathing techniques on individuals with hypertension. The research comprised 78 participants, split into two groups: 39 in the control group and 39 in the intervention group. The intervention group practiced self-reiki combined with slow, deep breathing for 21 days, while the control group solely practiced slow, deep breathing for the same duration. Statistical analysis employed the Wilcoxon and Mann‒Whitney tests. The Wilcoxon test yielded a P-value of 0.000 for both Systole and Diastole between the Intervention and Control Groups post-treatment, while the Mann‒Whitney test showed a P-value of 0.002 for Systole and P = 0.000 for Diastole between the Intervention and Control Groups after Treatment. Consequently, it can be deduced that a significant disparity in systolic and diastolic blood pressure exists pre- and post-self-reiki and slow, deep breathing exercises in both the intervention and control groups. These practices demonstrate a significant potential to reduce blood pressure among patients dealing with hypertension.