Decrease In Pulse Rate Research Articles

Evaluation of the use of Music as a Distraction Technique on Dental Anxiety of Children – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: The delivery of dental treatment might be negatively impacted by a child’s unwillingness to cooperate. Judging a behavior-guiding strategy that successfully lowers fear and anxiety during dental treatment, results in a change in the child’s attitude toward the treatment, and is also accepted by the parents is necessary given the variety of behavior management strategies that are available. While conventional techniques of behavior modification have been effective, parents’ and dental professionals’ attitudes regarding them are evolving. New nonaversive approaches that are acceptable to parents are thus required. One such approach that may find favor with parents and dental professionals is music therapy. Methods: Pertinent medical databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched from January 1, 2001, to April 20, 2023, for randomized controlled trials and clinical studies that used music and no music (control) in children undergoing dental treatment. Primary outcomes included a decrease in pulse rate as measured through pulse oximeter in children undergoing dental treatment. Results: Through search strategy and screening through titles and abstracts, four randomized clinical trials (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation [GRADE] high certainty) and eight nonrandomized studies (GRADE high certainty) were included and the pooled results bared that the music pulse rate was significantly reduced in children who were made to listen to the music than those who did not listen to music during dental treatment. Conclusion: It was established that music distraction was a better behavior management technique as compared to no music group and instrumental music was better when compared to the nursery rhyme for anxiety reduction in children.

Low-frequency ultrasound for pulmonary hypertension therapy

BackgroundCurrently, there are no reliable clinical tools that allow non-invasive therapeutic support for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. This study aims to propose a low-frequency ultrasound device for pulmonary hypertension therapy and to demonstrate its potential.MethodsA novel low-frequency ultrasound transducer has been developed. Due to its structural properties, it is excited by higher vibrational modes, which generate a signal capable of deeply penetrating biological tissues. A methodology for the artificial induction of pulmonary hypertension in sheep and for the assessment of lung physiological parameters such as blood oxygen concentration, pulse rate, and pulmonary blood pressure has been proposed.ResultsThe results showed that exposure of the lungs to low-frequency ultrasound changed physiological parameters such as blood oxygen concentration, pulse rate and blood pressure. These parameters are most closely related to indicators of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The ultrasound exposure increased blood oxygen concentration over a 7-min period, while pulse rate and pulmonary blood pressure decreased over the same period. In anaesthetised sheep exposed to low-frequency ultrasound, a 10% increase in SpO2, a 10% decrease in pulse rate and an approximate 13% decrease in blood pressure were observed within 7 min.ConclusionsThe research findings demonstrate the therapeutic efficiency of low-frequency ultrasound on hypertensive lungs, while also revealing insights into the physiological aspects of gas exchange within the pulmonary system.

Aromatherapy Effectivity in Controlling Anxiety, Respiration Rate, Pulse Rate, and Pain in Bronchoscopy

ackground: Bronchoscopy is a relatively safe diagnostic and therapeutic procedure, but it is often reported as an uncomfortable experience and causes acute procedural anxiety that affects the procedure and the patient and operator's comfort. Anti-anxiety drugs have the risk of causing mild to severe side effects. Therefore, we need premedication with potent anxiolytics with minimal side effects, such as the use of aromatherapy. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of aromatherapy as an additional premedication to reduce anxiety, respiratory rate, pulse rate, and pain in patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Method: A clinical study with experimental quasi pre-post test control group design using consecutive sampling was performed in pulmonary patients undergoing bronchoscopy in dr. Moewardi Hospital from February to March 2020. The study subjects were randomized into three groups: lavender aromatherapy, orange aromatherapy, and control. Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) score, respiratory rate, pulse, and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score were measured before and after bronchoscopy. Results: A total of 45 subjects of lung patients undergoing bronchoscopy participated in this study. Post hoc test differences in the HADS anxiety score of lavender and orange groups showed a significant decrease (P=0.011); (P=0.083), respectively. The decrease in the control group was not significant (P=0.622). There was a significant decrease in the respiratory rate of lavender (P≤0.0001), and orange groups (P=0.001), while the control group did not decrease (P=0.515). There was a significant decrease in pulse rate in the lavender (P=0.004) and orange (P=0.011) groups. The decrease in the control group was not significant (P=0.900). There was a significant decrease in VAS pain scores in the lavender and orange groups with each (P<0.001), whereas, in the control group, there was an increase in VAS pain scores. Conclusion: Aromatherapy effectively controls anxiety, respiration rate, pulse, and pain in bronchoscopy patients.

Impact Of Oxygen Levels In Beverages On The Acceleration Of Pulse Rate Reduction After Physical Activity

This study examines the effect of drinking water with oxygen levels to decrease the pulse rate after physical activity in students of Physical Education Health and Recreation. The research method used is experimental research with Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Two groups were formed: a control group and an experimental group of 20 UNUGIRI Health and Recreation Physical Education Study Program students. Sampling is done randomly (Random Sampling). The pulse rate is measured before and after running for 20 minutes. The results of the analysis showed a significant difference between the provision of oxygenated drinking water (experimental group) and ordinary drinking water (control group) on the acceleration of pulse rate reduction after running activities. The significance value obtained was 0.057, indicating a significant difference between the two groups. The average pulse of the experimental group was 89.44, while the average pulse of the control group was 98.33. The administration of drinking water with an oxygen content has a positive effect on the decrease in the pulse rate after physical exertion. Subjects who consumed oxygenated drinking water after a 20-minute run had a faster pulse rate decrease than those who consumed only plain water. The conclusion of this study shows that the provision of oxygenated drinking water positively affects the decrease in pulse rate after physical activity in health and Recreation physical education students. Oxygenated drinking water can be an effective alternative to accelerate pulse recovery after intense physical exertion. This research provides a better understanding of the benefits of oxygenated drinking water in maintaining health and accelerating physical recovery after sports activities

Predictive Value of Non-Invasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Profoundly Impaired Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

Introduction: Trauma brain injury is an emergency condition that requires immediate precise first aid to reduce mortality rates and prevent secondary complications. Severe head injuries can lead to intracranial bleeding, thereby affecting hemodynamics. Monitoring the increase in intracranial pressure aims to mitigate the severity of head injury in patients, reducing deaths caused by brain edema. The significance of assessing the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in relation to increased intracranial pressure is to determine conditions that could exacerbate physiological conditions due to head injury. The objective of this study is to determine changes in intracranial pressure among severe head injury patients. Methods: This research employs a descriptive study with a retrospective approach. Patient data were sourced from medical records of individuals treated at RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong, diagnosed with severe head injuries during the last year from January to December 2022. A total of 180 severe head injury patients' data were collected. Results: Research findings reveal that patients with head injuries experienced an increase in systolic blood pressure (33.3%), a decrease in pulse rate (30.5%), and a temperature within the normal range (78.9%). Conclusion: However, not all severe head injury patients exhibited elevated blood pressure, reduced pulse rate, or decreased oxygen saturation. All head injury patients experienced a decreased level of consciousness with a GCS score of less than 8.

Comparative Evaluation of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Spray Versus Intranasal Normal Saline Spray in Patients Undergoing Transalveolar Extractions for Anxiety Reduction: A Randomized Control Study.

Dexmedetomidine has dose-dependent selectivity for alpha 2 adrenoceptors. It is a good sedative with analgesic characteristics and good haemodynamic stability. Intranasal sedation is a non-invasive medication delivery method that is both safe and well accepted by both children and adults. One of the most common procedures in maxillofacial surgery is transalveolar extraction. In minor oral surgery, a painless transalveolar extraction with little post-operative pain would be ideal. To examine the effectiveness of intranasal dexmedetomidine spray against intranasal normal saline spray in patients undergoing transalveolar extractions for anxiety relief. We compared sedation effect by Ramsay sedation scale, analgesia by visual analogue scale, monitored BP and pulse rate for anxiety, and spo2 levels for any complication in this prospective double-blinded randomized control study for two groups, A group with intranasal dexmedetomidine spray and the B group of intranasal NS spray for placebo effect at 0min, 15min, 30min, and 45min until transalveolar extraction. As a result of the intranasal spray of dexmedetomidine, there were no related problems such as respiratory depression. There was a substantial difference in sedation and analgesia between group A and the placebo group, as well as a significant decrease in pulse rate and hypotension in the dexmedetomidine group to reduce anxiety. Intranasal injection of atomized dexmedetomidine (1.5mcg/kg) for patient sedation having transalveolar extractions or other minor surgical operations in oral and maxillofacial surgery is clinically effective, convenient, lowers anxiety, and safe.Clinical Trial Registration: No. CTRI/2021/07/035181.

Effect of Heartfulness Meditation on Cortisol Levels and Vital Parameters in Healthy Female Medical StudentsA Prospective Longitudinal Study

Introduction: Medical education has been reported to be one of the most stressful academic curriculum worldwide, with a potential of negatively affecting the physical and mental health of medical students. Meditation is a self-produced relaxation technique which restores the mental peace by relieving emotional and physiological stress and is an accepted therapy to reduce stress. Aim: To study the effect of heartfulness meditation on cortisol levels and vital parameters in healthy female medical students. Materials and Methods: This study was a prospective longitudinal study conducted in the department of physiology at Sri Padmavathi Medical College for women, SVIMS, Andhra Pradesh, India. Sixty female medical students of age group 18 to 25 years were undergone heartfulness meditation training for a period of 6 months from September 2021 to February 2022 Baseline measurements of cortisol, heart rate, Respiratory Rate (RR) and Blood Pressure (BP) were taken at the beginning of the session and after 6 months of intervention program i.e., from September 2021 to February 2022. Later pre and postvalues were compared and analysed statistically by using paired sample t-test and the p-value <0.05 or 5% was used as level of significance for comparison. For data analysis Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19 was used. Results: The vital signs and cortisol levels in female medical students were significantly changed after practicing heartfulness meditation for six months. There was a significant decrease in Pulse Rate (PR) (p<0.001), RR (p<0.001), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) (p<0.001) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) (p<0.001) and cortisol levels (p<0.001) after 6 months practice of heartfulness meditation. Conclusion: The study concluded that heartfulness meditation had a positive effect on sympathovagal balance and also it was effective in reducing stress levels in medical students.

Effect of Deep Breathing Exercise using Smartwatch on Behaviour, Anxiety and Pain in Children during Buccal Infiltration Anaesthesia-A Randomised Clinical Trial

Introduction: Despite the newer innovation and recent technological advances in modern dentistry, fear and anxiety constitute an important theme in dentistry. They are a usual reaction to stressful conditions that help children while staying alert in situations of an impending threat. Aim: To evaluate the effect of deep breathing exercise in reducing dental anxiety, behaviour and pain using smartwatch during maxillary buccal infiltration in children aged 7-11 years. Materials and Methods: A prospective interventional and single-blinded randomised clinical trial conducted in the Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, NDCH, Nellore, Andhra pradesh, India, from November 2019 to October 2020. A total of 70 children of age between 7-11 years. They were randomly allocated into two groups, 35 in each. Children in group I were trained for deep breathing exercise using smartwatch and group II (control group) was traditional tell show do technique. The reaction of children during maxillary buccal infiltration anaesthesia was recorded in terms of behaviour (Frankl behaviour rating scale), anxiety {Facial Image Scale (FIS) and pulse rate}, and pain perception (Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale and face, leg, activity, cry and consolability scale). Data was tabulated using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Kruskal-Wallis for data distribution. Independent Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney test (Quantitative variables) and Chisquare test or Mann-Whitney test (Qualitative variables) were used to test statistical significance using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Results: The mean age of children in smartwatch group was 8.9±1.4 years and in control group was 8.9±1.6 years with no statistical significant difference. Statistically significant decrease in pulse rate was observed in smartwatch group (p=0.003), subjective anxiety and pain was lowered in intervention group. Objective pain was decreased significantly in smartwatch group (p=0.007). Conclusion: Children performing deep breathing exercise using smartwatch had efficiency to reduce dental anxiety and pain perceived during maxillary buccal infiltration anaesthesia.

The sedative effect of intranasal administration of medetomidine using a mucosal atomization device in Japanese White rabbits.

To prevent aspiration in Japanese White (JW) rabbits, the maximum single volume of medetomidine administered intranasally is 0.3 mL per nostril using a mucosal atomization device (MAD). This study aimed to examine the sedative effect of intranasal administration of medetomidine using MAD in eight healthy female JW rabbits. Each rabbit received intranasal atomization (INA) of saline (Control treatment) along with three doses of 1 mg/mL medetomidine (0.3 mL to one nostril [MED0.3 treatment]; 0.3 mL each to both nostrils [MED0.6 treatment]; 0.3 mL twice to both nostrils [MED1.2 treatment]), with a washout period of at least 7 days between treatments. The actual doses of medetomidine were 82 (75-84) μg/kg (median [25th-75th percentile]), 163 (156-168) μg/kg, and 323 (295-343) μg/kg for the MED0.3, MED0.6, and MED1.2 treatments, respectively. A medetomidine-dose dependent sedative effect was detected, and the loss of righting reflex (LRR) was achieved in one rabbit at 18 min, seven rabbits at 11 (9-18) min, and eight rabbits at 7 (4-18) min after the MED0.3, MED0.6, and MED1.2 treatments, respectively. The LRR was maintained for 63 (29-71) min and 83 (68-101) min after the MED0.6 and MED1.2 treatments, respectively. Additionally, the INA of medetomidine produced a significant dose-dependent cardiorespiratory depression including a decrease in pulse rate, respiratory rate, percutaneous oxygen saturation, and arterial partial pressure of oxygen, and an increase in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the rabbits.

Cardiovascular concentration-effect relationships of amodiaquine and its metabolite desethylamodiaquine: Clinical and preclinical studies.

Amodiaquine is a 4-aminoquinoline used extensively for the treatment and prevention of malaria. Orally administered amodiaquine is largely converted to the active metabolite desethylamodiaquine. Amodiaquine can cause bradycardia, hypotension, and electrocardiograph QT interval prolongation, but the relationship of these changes to drug concentrations is not well characterized. We conducted a secondary analysis of a pharmacokinetic study of the cardiac safety of amodiaquine (10mg base/kg/day over 3days) in 54 Kenyan adults (≥18 years) with uncomplicated malaria. Nonlinear mixed effects modelling was used to assess amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine concentration-effect relationships for vital sign (pulse rate, blood pressure) and electrocardiograph interval (QT, QRS, PR) outcomes. We also measured the spontaneous beating heart rate after cumulative dosing of amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine in isolated mouse atrial preparations. Amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine caused concentration-dependent mean decreases in pulse rate (1.9 beats/min per 100 nmol/L; 95% confidence interval: 1.5-2.4), supine systolic blood pressure (1.7mmHg per 100 nmol/L; 1.2-2.1), erect systolic blood pressure (1.5mmHg per 100 nmol/L; 1.0-2.0) and erect diastolic blood pressure (1.4mmHg per 100 nmol/L; 1.0-1.7). The mean QT interval prolongation was 1.4 ms per 100 nmol/L irrespective of correction factor after adjustment for residual heart rate dependency. There was no significant effect of drug concentration on postural change in blood pressure or PR and QRS intervals. In mouse atria, the spontaneous beating rate was significantly reduced by amodiaquine (n= 6) and desethylamodiaquine (n= 8) at 3μmol/L (amodiaquine: 10±2%; desethylamodiaquine: 12 ±3%) and 10μmol/L (amodiaquine: 50 ±7%; desethylamodiaquine: 46 ±6%) concentrations with no significant difference in potency between the 2 compounds. Amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine have concentration-dependent effects on heart rate, blood pressure, and ventricular repolarization.

Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Virtual Reality Distraction, Audio Distraction and Tell-show-do Techniques in Reducing the Anxiety Level of Pediatric Dental Patients: An In Vivo Study.

Objectives and methodsChildren, in the age-group of 6 to 8 years, with moderate level of anxiety, (measured with M-DAS), requiring inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for mandibular tooth extraction were selected. Informed consent was obtained from parents. Selected children were allocated randomly into 3 groups virtual reality (VR) distraction group, audio distraction group and Tell-show-do (TSD) group. Pre- and post- distraction anxiety level of children was measured subjectively with facial image scale and objectively with pulse rate and oxygen saturation (measured with pulse oxymeter).ResultsThere was a statistically significant decrease in pulse rate after distraction (with a p < 0.01) in all the three groups. Postdistraction pulse rate was lowest in the VR distraction group when compared to other groups. While comparing postdistraction pulse rate values in the three groups, the difference in pulse rate between TSD and VR distraction group was significant. But while comparing the pulse rate between audio distraction and TSD group (p = 0.06), and audio distraction and VR distraction group (p = 0.24) was not statistically significant. Oxygen saturation increased in all the three groups which was statistically significant (p < 0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in the postdistraction oxygen (O2) saturation levels between TSD and audio distraction groups (p < 0.05) with more O2 saturation in audio distraction group. But while comparing the audio distraction with VR group and TSD with VR group, the difference was not significant. Facial image scale (FIS) scores decreased in all the three groups (p < 0.01).ConclusionThe overall results revealed by all the parameters indicate that children were most relaxed in VR group, followed by audio group and were least relaxed in TSD group during dental visits. Hence VR distraction can be considered as a useful technique for behavior management of pediatric patients during a conventional dental treatment.How to cite this articleSG G, George S, S A, et al. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Virtual Reality Distraction, Audio Distraction and Tell-show-do Techniques in Reducing the Anxiety Level of Pediatric Dental Patients: An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(S-2):S173–S178.

Immediate Effect of Buteyko Breathing Technique on VO2max in College Students

Background: The physical activity of the college-going students is reduced due to online studies during COVID19 situation because of which their cardiorespiratory endurance has also decreased.Endurance depends on oxygen transportation, blood pumping and its regulation, and the capacity of the system to extract muscular oxidative potential. Buteyko Breathing Technique‟s (BBT) main aim is to reduce the tendency to over breathe or hyperventilate through control breathing and it is also termed as „Reduce Breathing‟. BBT raises CO2 levels, which reduces pulmonary ventilation, affecting the delivery of O2 to the tissue and cells. Hence, the aim of the study is to see the immediate effect of BBT on VO2max in college students. Methodology: After explaining the whole procedure to the subject between 19 to 25 years, written informed consent was taken and pre-data VO2max was calculated through Queen‟s College Step Test. BBT was conducted and post-data VO2max was taken immediately. Result: The paired t-test revealed a statistically significant increase in VO2max and a statistical decrease in pulse rate with P &lt; 0.05.Conclusion: VO2max has increased significantly and Pulse Rate has decreased significantly immediately after BBT. Hence, there is an immediate effect of BBT on VO2max in college students.

Effect of intravenous butorphanol infusion on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of butorphanol, administered by intravenous (IV) infusion, on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (MACISO) in cats and to examine the dosage dependence of this effect. Study designRandomized, placebo-controlled, crossover experimental study. AnimalsA group of six healthy adult male neutered cats. MethodsCats were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen. A venous catheter was placed for fluid and drug administration, and an arterial catheter was placed for measurement of arterial pressure and blood sampling. Four treatments were administered at random with at least 2 week interval between treatments: saline (control), butorphanol low dosage (treatment LD; 0.25 mg kg–1 IV bolus followed by 85 μg kg–1 minute–1 for 20 minutes, then 43 μg kg–1 minute–1 for 40 minutes, then 19 μg kg–1 minute–1), medium dosage (treatment MD, double the dosages in LD) and high dosage (treatment HD, quadruple the dosages in LD). MACISO was determined in duplicate using the bracketing technique and tail clamping. Pulse rate, arterial pressure, hemoglobin oxygen saturation, end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide and arterial blood gas and pH were measured. ResultsButorphanol reduced MACISO in a dosage-dependent manner, by 23 ± 8%, 37 ± 12% and 68 ± 10% (mean ± standard deviation) in treatments LD, MD and HD, respectively. The main cardiopulmonary effect observed was a decrease in pulse rate, significant in treatment HD compared with control. Conclusions and clinical relevanceButorphanol caused a dosage-dependent MACISO reduction in cats. IV infusion of butorphanol may be of interest for partial IV anesthesia in cats.

Comparative Randomised Study between Bupivacaine with Clonidine and Ropivacaine with Clonidine Used Caudally for Postopertaive Analgesia in Paediatric Hypospadias Surgery

Background: This study was conducted to compare and evaluate the caudal epidural clonidine when mixed with ropivacaine and bupivacaine in prolonging postoperative analgesia in children of Indian genotype undergoing hypospadias surgery, as well as compare the intraoperative haemodynamics using caudal bupivacaine with clonidine vs ropivacaine with clonidine. The study was also aimed at studying the side effects and the duration of post-operative pain relief of bupivacaine with clonidine v/s ropivacaine with clonidine.&#x0D; Methods: This is a prospective randomised comparative study that was carried out in the Department of Anaesthesiology, KEM Hospital, Pune, over 12 months (from October 2016 to September 2017), among 56 children having an ASA Grade of II, aged between 1 to 8 years admitted for hypospadias surgery. The data gathered was cleaned using Microsoft Excel, before statistical analysis was done.&#x0D; Results: It was observed that caudal epidural analgesic duration was more in the bupivacaine clonidine group than in the ropivacaine clonidine group. The sedation score was higher at the second hour in the bupivacaine clonidine group. The HR and mean arterial pressure values were found to be notably higher in the ropivacaine clonidine group than those in the bupivacaine clonidine group. Intraoperatively and postoperatively, there was a decrease in pulse rate and MAP but at no time did the value reach the criteria for intervention. Other side effects like postoperative vomiting, nausea, motor blockade, respiratory distress not observed in any group.&#x0D; Conclusion: Bupivacaine 0.25 % 0.5 ml per kg with clonidine 1 microgram / kg via caudal route increased the duration of postoperative analgesia with no adverse effects as compared to ropivacaine 0.25 % with clonidine 1 microgram/ kg. Hence clonidine is more efficient in increasing postoperative analgesia when added with Bupivacaine as compared to ropivacaine in Indian genotype in hypospadias surgery.

Comparative Evaluation of Changes in Physiological and Psychomotor Effects in Pediatric Patients during Extraction under Different Concentrations of Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen Inhalation Sedation.

Introduction:Nonpharmacological behavioral management techniques are routinely used to create an environment that facilitates and builds a rapport between the child and the dentist to carry out procedures with minimal disruption. However, the discomfort associated with oral injections produces varying degrees of stress in all patients. Nitrous oxide (N2O)–oxygen (O2) inhalation sedation is one of the most widely used modalities for the management of fear and anxiety in children.Objective:The objective was to evaluate changes in physiological and psychomotor effects in pediatric patients during extraction under different concentrations of N2O–O2 inhalation sedation.Materials and Methods:A total of 300 healthy patients in the age range of 6–12 years (mean 8.9 years), who needed extraction of primary tooth, were included in the study. Pulse rate, SpO2, blood pressure (BP), and temperature were recorded at baseline, 30% N2O concentration, 50% N2O concentration, and again postoperatively. In addition, anxiety levels and neuromuscular coordination were recorded at the respective intervals.Results:The results revealed a mean decrease in pulse rate and BP from baseline and an increase in temperature and O2 saturation during the sedation procedure. The findings were statistically significant. Significant impairment of coordination and psychomotor ability was seen at each step. Anxiety had significantly reduced after the onset of sedation due to the anxiolytic effect of N2O.Conclusion:N2O–O2 inhalation sedation under different concentrations reduces the anxiety of the patient and produces adequate sedation with vital signs within normal limits along with temporary impairment of psychomotor ability and coordination.

EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN MASSAGE DENGAN RECOVERY AKTIF TERHADAP PENURUNAN DENYUT NADI PADA ATLET BOLA VOLI PUTRA UNGGA ELEKTRIK

Massage is a manipulation of soft tissue structures that are applied to the human body to create a sense of calm, comfort, relaxation, and reduce pain. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not the effectiveness of giving massage with active recovery to the decrease in pulse rate in the Putra Ungga Electric volleyball athletes in 2020. This study used an unpaired t test, also commonly referred to as a different sample t test because the distribution of the data compared come from two different groups. The research sample was 20 people. The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of giving massage the average pulse rate of 150 are greater when compared to active recovery which has an average pulse value of 120, so that the results of giving massage with active recovery have the same slight difference in effectiveness. The result of the t calculation based on the above formula is the t count which is 2.163 which is compared to the t table at a significant level of 5% at the degrees of freedom (df = N-1) = (10-1 = 9) which is 1.833. From these results, it can be concluded that there is an effectiveness of giving massage with active recovery to decrease pulse rate in the Putra Ungga Electric volleyball athletes in 2020 and the null hypothesis that the author proposes (Ha) is accepted because t-count &gt; t-table (2.163 &gt; 1833).

Oculocardiac reflex in phacoemulsification: Peribulbar vs topical anesthesia.

Purpose:This study compares the vital parameters and pain experienced during phacoemulsification under peribulbar and topical anesthesia to determine the incidence of OCR.Methods:One hundred six patients are enrolled for phacoemulsification in a prospective and randomized study. Fifty-two patients undergo surgery in a peribulbar block (Group PB) and 54 in topical anesthesia (Group TA). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse rate are recorded during a preoperative check-up and at four other steps of surgery. Pain experienced during surgery and on a postoperative day, 5, is graded with a verbal analogue scale. OCR defined as a decrease in pulse rate by greater than 20% is calculated. Chi-square test, Fisher‘s exact test, paired t test and the comparison of means give the statistical analysis. A value of P < 0.05 was taken as significant.Results:MAP readings at baseline versus MAP at other steps of surgery show a trend towards rising with a P value of < 0.05 in both groups. Pulse rate measured at all steps of surgery versus baseline pulse rate in Group TA shows P < 0.05. OCR is present in nine patients in peribulbar block verses eleven patients in topical anesthesia with P value of 0.687. The pain scores using verbal analogue scale were higher in Group TA compared with Group PB with a P < 0.0001.Conclusion:Oculocardiac reflex can occur during phacoemulsification under both peribulbar block and topical anesthesia, and the difference is not significant.

(Clinical and biochemical investigations on bacterial diarrhea in Egyptian Buffalo Calves)

The objective of the present study was to evaluate clinico-biochemical changes occurred in bacterial diarrhea in Egyptian Buffalo calves less than three months old. The study was carried out on 50 buffalo calves in El-Galaa Military farm that located in Ismailia Governorate, 40 diarrheic calves aged 55-75 days with an average body weight (35±2.5) kg were detected and 10 apparently healthy calves were kept as a control group to investigate the clinico-biochemical profiles. E. coli mixed or co-infection of Acinetobacterbaumannii/Iwoffiiss species with Klebsiella and pseudomonas species were isolated from the diarrheic calves. Diarrheic calves show signs of anorexia, weakness, dullness, staggering movement, weight loss, pale mucous membranes with sunken eyes and dehydration. Analysis of clinical and biochemical profile of the diarrheic calves revealed significant increase in body temperature, respiratory rate, skin fold test, serum potassium, chloride, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, GGT, triacylglycerols, cortisol, CRP and CPK withsignificant decrease in pulse rate, serum sodium, glucose and total protein concentrations.It could be concluded that, bacterial diarrhea has a severe negative impact on the clinical and biochemical profile of the affected buffalo calves.

Testing the Savanna Hypothesis: Effect of Desert Landscape on Physiological Stress Recovery

Background: Evidence suggests that green environments are protective of health and wellbeing. Many of these studies evoke prospect-refuge theory that poses that savanna-like landscapes offer opportunities for restorative experiences. However, evidence is still limited on how environments that do not match these criteria, and that instead may offer cues of danger (e.g., desert landscapes) affect health. In this study we quantified the effects of a desert landscape on physiological stress recovery and compared those with the effects of a green environment. Methods: Between-subjects experiments were conducted in El Paso, TX with 95 healthy adult men using virtual reality. Participants experienced an acute stressor (The Trier Social Stress Test) followed by one of three randomly assigned immersive virtual environments (IVEs: desert, green or control [office]) for 10-min. After the IVE, they then rested for 40-min. Physiological indicators of stress including systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP &amp; DBP), pulse, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and salivary cortisol, were repeatedly measured throughout the experiment. Results: After the IVE, participants exposed to desert and green environments showed larger decreases in pulse rate than participants in the control group. Effects were similar between desert and green conditions. Additionally, participants in the desert condition experienced greater decreases in SBP, DBP and MAP than participants in the green condition. After the first 20 min of rest, participants in both the desert and green conditions showed greater decreases in SBP, DBP, MAP and cortisol than those in the control group. Conclusions: A desert landscape promoted similar or even greater physiological recovery from an acute stressor than a green landscape. These novel findings suggest that prospect-refuge theory does not adequately explain the protective effects of natural environments, and that exposure to environments such as savannas are by no means the only natural landscapes that may lead to stress recovery.

Clary Sage Essential Oil and Its Effect on Human Mood and Pulse Rate: An in vivo Pilot Study.

Clary sage (Salvia sclarea) is a xerophytic biennial plant typical for the Mediterranean region. It is cultivated for its essential oil, which is widely used in the flavor and fragrance industry as well as in aromatherapy for its relaxing and immunomodulatory effect. In this pilot investigation, clary sage essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS as well as GC-FID and examined regarding its effects on pulse, blood pressure and mood in healthy human female and male subjects. Analysis of the used CSEO identified linalylacetat (61.3%) and linalool (22.1%) as main compounds. Sclareol was found at 0.3%. In the first experiment with 30 participants (with 15 female), CSEO, diluted in peanut oil, was administered to the left forearm, leading to an increase in pulse rate in women (peanut oil served as control). In men, pulse rate deceased over time (p = 0.013). In the second experiment (32 participants; 16 females) the oil was inhaled for 30 min (pure water as control). The observed decrease of pulse rate was significantly stronger in women than in men (p = 0.026). To evaluate the influence of the mode of application, a comparison of both experiments was performed showing a significant difference between sexes for the parameter of pulse rate (p = 0.034). Overall, the effects elicited by CSEO may depend on application method (inhaled/dermal) and sex (male/female).