Design Decisions Research Articles

Environmental impacts of floating solar panels on freshwater systems and their techno-ecological synergies

Abstract Renewable energy sources, such as floating photovoltaic systems (FPVs), are crucial to mitigating the climate crisis. FPV deployments on freshwater bodies are rapidly growing, as they avert land-use change, operate with increased efficiency, and potentially improve water availability by reducing evaporation and the frequency of algal blooms. However, understanding of the ecological consequences for water bodies is very limited despite the variable and far-reaching range of potential impacts. Here, we bring novel insight by combining an established theoretical approach – techno-ecological synergies (TES) - with robust understanding of water body functioning, to direct sustainable FPV deployments. Specifically, we show the potential to integrate consideration of both energy and ecological systems for FPV deployment decisions based on current evidence and fundamental understanding of freshwater body states and processes. Based on 422 pieces of evidence from a systematic review of known physical (n=283), chemical (n=96) and biological (n=43) effects of FPV on freshwater systems, we outline eight potential TES that could be realised through FPV location, design, and operation decisions. There was most evidence (n=114) for the Water Use Efficiency TES, which all reported decreased evaporation rates, or increased water savings, due to panel shading. We highlight a lack of understanding of chemical and biological effects of FPV on hosting water bodies, as well as a need for comprehensive studies in which physical, chemical, and biological aspects of water body dynamics are integrated. Finally, we detail research priorities to ensure future FPV deployments bring benefit for both energy and water bodies. Ultimately, integrated energy and water body system knowledge, FPV deployments could mitigate both the climate and ecological emergencies, with notable benefits for society.

Environmental analysis in UK modern methods of construction (MMC) housing: insights from early-stage architectural design process

PurposeModern Methods of Construction (MMC) have been promoted as a solution to address housing shortages and meet sustainability goals in the UK. However, the practical functioning of MMC, particularly in relation to early-stage environmental analyses, remains underexplored. This study aims to fill this gap by providing empirical insights into how architects engage in environmental analysis in early-stage MMC housing designs.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative pilot study is based on a detailed case study of a UK architectural firm specializing in modular housing. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight architects with varying MMC experience. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data allowed for the exploration of key themes influencing early-stage environmental analysis, offering a narrative account of architects’ experiences in MMC practices.FindingsThe study reveals that environmental analysis in MMC is shaped by social, organisational and project-based factors. Three key themes emerged: uncertainty in environmental assumptions, dependencies on external consultants and the dominance of Passivhaus principles in design decisions. These factors challenge the integration of environmental considerations during the early design stages of MMC projects.Research limitations/implicationsAs this is a single case study, the findings might not be generalizable. Future research should expand on multiple firms and project settings to validate and broaden these findings.Originality/valueThis study provides an in-depth understanding of the challenges architects face when integrating environmental analysis into MMC. This reveals the relational and interdependent nature of environmental analysis in MMC projects, where decisions are shaped by multiple social, organisational and project-specific factors. By emphasizing these interdependencies, this study provides original insights into how environmental considerations can be integrated more effectively into the early design stages of MMC projects.

Automated Finite Element Analysis of Stiffened Tanks Using Multifidelity Modeling

Accurate structural analysis of stiffened thin-walled pressure vessels enables critical design decisions to be made during the conceptual and baseline design phases. Furthermore, having multifidelity finite element models that couple shell and solid representations facilitates exploring many design iterations quickly with sufficient accuracy. However, multifidelity model creation and utilization can be cumbersome to perform interactively, such that automated model creation, mesh generation, analysis submission, and results postprocessing are highly desirable. Of particular difficulty is generating multifidelity meshes robustly. A framework for automatic multifidelity model development using parameterized scripting in commercial finite element packages is developed to address these critical modeling needs. Issues associated with automated meshing of highly complex assemblies are examined, and a volume decomposition scheme based upon face partitions is proposed. Application is made to a complex stiffened thin-walled pressure vessel with full shell and solid/shell multifidelity model accuracies assessed by comparison against all solid models. Results indicate the proposed technique’s potential for design iteration improvements with significant reductions in interactive model preparation and postprocessing costs, as well as overall computational effort. Potential novel applications and improvements to the presented framework that can enable its application to complex problems are discussed.

Research on Integrated Optimization of Design Parameters and Process Simulation for Throughput Efficiency

This thesis presents a comprehensive approach to enhance the production throughput of aluminium bumper beams, a critical component in automotive manufacturing. Using CATIA, an innovative bumper beam design was developed, focusing on simplicity of design and manufacturability. The design parameters considered included material selection, cross-sectional area optimization, and welding techniques to ensure both performance and ease of manufacturing. Transitioning to Tecnomatix Plant Simulation, a virtual environment was constructed to simulate the bumper beam production process. The simulation incorporated the identified design parameters, process routes, layout considerations, and machine arrangements to optimize throughput without inflating costs. By leveraging advanced simulation techniques, the study aimed to identify the most efficient production strategies while maintaining design integrity and minimizing resource consumption. Through systematic scenarios experimentation and analysis, the research yielded insights into the complex relationship between design decisions and manufacturing processes. The results highlight the potential for significant throughput enhancements achievable through collaborative optimization of design and production parameters. The optimization was able to achieve an increase in throughput of about 12.64% of its initial throughput. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of holistic approaches integrating design engineering with manufacturing simulation to drive continuous improvement in industrial operations. This thesis contributes to advancing automotive manufacturing practices by offering a methodology for enhancing production efficiency while preserving product quality and cost-effectiveness. The findings provide valuable guidance for engineers and practitioners seeking to optimize manufacturing processes through the use of simulation and design parameters

Devising a method for determining the moisture conductivity coefficient of subgrade soils taking into account European approaches and standards

The object of this study is the theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the coefficient of moisture conductivity of subgrade soils. The work focuses on considering the European approaches and standards when devising a method for determining the coefficient of moisture conductivity of soils. In the course of the research, a method was developed for determining the coefficient of moisture conductivity of soils K1, which characterizes the diffusion movement of water, through the filtration coefficient K0, calculated in accordance with European requirements based on laboratory test data. The proposed method is based on a mathematical model built on the basis of the differential equation of changes in soil moisture. The model is special in that, unlike existing ones, the movement of water was modeled from the bottom up, which reflects the process of moisture accumulation in the lower layers of the subgrade from groundwater or topwater. A good agreement of the mathematical model with the data by other authors was obtained (the relative error did not exceed 12.98 %). A direct relationship between the moisture conductivity coefficient of soils K1 and their initial moisture content W0 and an inverse relationship between K1 and the total moisture capacity of soils WFH were established in the paper. Dependences were derived in the range of changes in initial soil moisture W0 from 0.08 to 0.15 and WFH from 0.15 to 0.5. It was found that the values of the moisture conductivity coefficient of soils K1 increase from 4.64·10-6 to 3.81·10-5 m2/h with an increase in their initial moisture content and with a decrease in total moisture capacity. From the point of view of engineering practice of road construction, the proposed method makes it possible to predict seasonal changes in soil moisture in the subgrade, to determine the strength of the road structure. This makes it possible to make sound design decisions on the installation of drainage systems on roads in order to extend their service life

The purpose of policy portfolios: design, intention, and logic

Abstract We propose a qualitative method of assessing a policy mix’s content, which can be utilized alongside currently common quantitative techniques such as counting the number of tools, policies, and levels of government involved. Focussing on whether or not the mix promotes flexibility or standardization and whether it is intended to be maintaining or innovating helps to better map existing policy mixes and inform design decisions than do more contentless quantitative methods. It has implications for theories of policy-making in improving on current depictions of the nature and dynamics of policy mixes, especially with respect to the impact of procedural tools, and also helps underscore the significance of what often appear in quantitative studies to be marginal or incremental shifts in instruments and goals. The utility of the model and its improvement on existing methods are illustrated through examination of two cases of banking regulation and pension policy in Canada.

Performance Analysis of 8x4 Barrel Shifters in CMOS and FINFET Technology

Shifters are essential components in digital circuits, enabling data manipulation and routing for a wide range of computational tasks. This study presents a comprehensive performance analysis of 8x4 barrel shifters implemented in two distinct semiconductor technologies: Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) and FinFET. This study compares and evaluates the important parameters for these shifters at both technological nodes, such as power consumption. Additionally, we examine the effects of scaling on CMOS barrel shifters. Conversely, FinFET technology, recognized for overcoming certain limitations of CMOS, is assessed for its potential to enhance performance while preserving energy efficiency. Through detailed simulation and analysis, this study offers valuable insights into the benefits and limitations of CMOS and FinFET implementations for 8x4 barrel shifters. The circuit is implemented using Cadence Virtuoso and optimized to leverage the unique features and address the limitations of 45nm CMOS and 22nm FinFET technologies. Furthermore, the study offers recommendations for selecting the appropriate technology based on specific performance criteria and application needs. The findings aim to guide future design decisions and improvements in shifter technology.

Enhancing product design for remanufacturing: guidelines and their implementation in integrated remanufacturing systems

ABSTRACT Due to unsuitable design decisions, manufactured products are often unable to be remanufactured at the end of their lifetimes. This publication provides comprehensive guidelines for the design of products to facilitate remanufacturing across its various process steps: testing, cleaning, disassembly, reconditioning, and reassembly. By identifying and addressing specific challenges within these stages, products can be optimized to meet the needs or constraints of remanufacturing. Based on an extensive literature review, general product design guidelines for remanufacturing are organized into eight categories: identifiability, accessibility, modularity, manageability, standardization, separability, longevity, and cleanability. Additionally, the guidelines are specified for an integrated remanufacturing system and used to assess the product design of a water meter.

BIM-based energy consumption analysis for residential buildings: effects of orientation, size, and type of windows

Buildings have a significant environmental impact due to their reliance on nonrenewable energy sources. To address this concern, computer software is utilized to estimate building energy requirements. Building Information Modeling (BIM) has emerged as a valuable tool in this process, with BIM 6D offering a particularly beneficial feature. BIM 6D provides a comprehensive energy model of the building, simulating its actual energy performance. By analyzing natural and artificial lighting systems, particularly daylighting, BIM 6D can assist in optimizing energy efficiency. Despite being underutilized, the potential of this feature to enhance building sustainability is noteworthy. BIM 6D facilitates well-informed design and operational decisions for both new constructions and the renovation of existing buildings. The study examines design criteria such as building orientation, window orientation, size, and type to optimize energy consumption in a bungalow in the Sangli region of Maharashtra, underscoring the importance of energy-efficient buildings to local communities. Energy analysis and optimization are conducted using the Autodesk Insight tool. The methodology involves creating 3D models with Autodesk Revit Architecture software and performing various analyses, including Building Energy Modeling (BEM) simulations, Illuminance Analysis, Solar Access, and Daylight Autonomy assessments. The analysis findings indicate that low-e glass windows of small size and oriented between 0° and 90° significantly enhance energy efficiency under certain conditions, while changing the window type does not affect the analysis. The paper concludes with recommendations for window orientation and size to enhance energy performance in residential buildings, contributing to the broader goal of sustainable and energy-efficient construction practices. This study provides valuable insights for designing energy-efficient residential buildings in rural areas, addressing awareness gaps, and promoting sustainable construction practices.

Application of a decision tree approach to predict energy consumption in lightweight buildings under subtropical climate

PurposeLightweight building systems have emerged as alternatives to reduce the high environmental impact of conventional masonry. However, in subtropical climates, the low thermal inertia of lightweight envelopes negatively affects energy performance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the thermophysical parameters that influence heating and cooling energy consumption in lightweight residential buildings under subtropical climates and develop a model to predict these parameters using statistical and machine learning tools.Design/methodology/approachA database was created with computer simulation data on the energy performance of 2048 building conditions generated by factorial combination of 10 parameters. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify which parameters contribute most to energy performance indicators. Subsequently, decision trees were created using a classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm to visualize parameters and improve energy performance indicators, particularly cooling energy consumption.FindingsLow thermal transmittance and ground contact are interesting strategies for low thermal capacity buildings. Furthermore, the findings showed that relying only on the most influential properties does not ensure good energy performance; rather, it is the adequate combination of envelope properties that leads to good energy efficiency. The tree developed by CART can be used as a guide to assist designers and researchers in the initial selection of building envelopes, demonstrating the impact of each choice on electrical energy consumption for indoor climate control.Originality/valueBy adopting a global approach to assess the thermal performance of lightweight buildings, this study makes a significant contribution to synthesizing the results of a complex and time-consuming methodology into a guide for optimizing envelope design decisions and directing efforts and resources toward efficient strategies.

Unlocking public infrastructures? State aid and the common European data space

EU state aid rules are part of the EU’s competition policy, a form of soft law developed to nudge states away from public investments in many areas. Rules were used to impose that market competition holds a privileged position, and that enacting social, political, or economic benefits that might stifle competition requires a complicated legal and political negotiation process between the European Commission, Member States, and private companies. Nonetheless, many strategic projects or situations in recent years led to significant state aid. The Commission utilised a variety of means to encourage both private and public investments in EU based digital infrastructure that is critical for public media services and for unified European data space. Despite EU’s balancing act between the private and public interests, business interests are dangerously capturing the development in the media data space. To grasp the social and economic contribution of publicly financed productive activities, we approach public broadcasting systems as producers of public wealth of a peculiar kind whose activities and goals are defined by their public purpose, rather than the imperatives of capital and profitmaking. Unifying data spaces with too many design decisions conceded to capitalist production runs the risk of further neglecting social foundations of member states. We argue that the desired digital transformation would be more successful if it moved towards affirmative approaches to public services and public infrastructures, recognising the historical and contemporary contribution of the production of public wealth and public media in member states.

Understanding the Integration of Building Energy Modeling into the Building Design Process: Insights from Two Collaborative Construction Projects

This research investigates the integration of building energy modeling (BEM) within collaborative construction projects to inform design decisions for achieving high-energy performance goals. The study aims to understand current practices, benefits, and challenges associated with this integration. Using an ethnographic case study approach focused on two high-energy performance social housing projects with integrated project delivery and integrated design processes, data were collected through direct observations, document analysis, and interviews with project team members. Design process modeling was utilized to dissect current practices, followed by a hybrid inductive and deductive thematic analysis to find challenges related to energy performance design in collaborative projects. Findings from this research revealed that BEM experts often operate in isolation, with late integration of energy models into design decisions. Compliance-centric BEM usage and challenges related to interoperability of design and BEM tools further compound the issue of seamless collaboration. However, the study highlights that early collaboration among project stakeholders emerges as a pivotal factor in informed design decisions, bridging the gap between energy modeling and design. This research provides valuable insights for practitioners seeking to optimize BEM in their design process, and offers support to policymakers aiming to enhance the role of BEM in projects.

Proportional distribution pattern and modal principle of tuned viscous mass dampers for multi-degree-of-freedom structures

A tuned viscous mass damper (TVMD) is an inerter-based damper that has been adopted in several high-rise buildings in earthquake-prone Japan recently to protect the structures from seismic-induced vibrations. However, as a TVMD contains a mass element, it adds degrees of freedom to the controlled structure, making the system’s eigenmodes complex. Inspired by the Rayleigh damping matrix, this study proposes a mass-proportionally distributed TVMD (MPD-TVMD) system, which enhances the efficiency of TVMD utilization compared to the previously proposed stiffness-proportionally distributed TVMD (SPD-TVMD) system. It is theoretically proven in this study that when the arrangements of the TVMDs are proportional to the stiffness or mass distribution of the primary structure, the equations of motion of a TVMD controlled shear building can be decomposed into the eigenmodes of the uncontrolled structure. This modal principle allows structural engineers to estimate the response of the controlled structure by understanding the modal characteristics of the uncontrolled system, which is highly beneficial for preliminary design decisions and the retrofitting of existing structures. Furthermore, given that the damping properties at each story level are typically adjusted by the number of dampers installed, it is often unrealistic in practical design to maintain strict proportionality in damper distribution. Through numerical examples, this study demonstrates that TVMD systems with realistic distribution patterns that are slightly different from a strictly proportional distribution can still perform as effectively as strictly proportional systems, providing a comprehensive design basis for the application of inerter-based damper in practical engineering.

Selection of aerodynamic characteristics and engine parameters of a maneuverable aircraft under epistemic uncertainty

At the preliminary stage of aircraft design, it is usually required to solve the problem of insufficient initial data for applying traditional algoristic-type mathematical programming models. In many cases, numerous input parameters cannot be accurately specified at the time of making design decisions. If the inaccuracy of parameters is not taken into account, the actual values of target functions may differ significantly from the calculated ones when solving optimization problems. In this regard, the issue of current interest is the development of algorithms to improve the reliability of design decisions under conditions of epistemological uncertainty when experts engage in the formation of initial data. The paper considers the problem of selecting aerodynamic characteristics and engine parameters of maneuverable aircraft under conditions of uncertainty associated with inaccuracy of expert data. The applied problem under consideration is further complicated by the necessity to include “black box” models in the algorithms being developed. The paper proposes algorithms that apply the uncertainty theory together with “black box” models that implement optimization calculation techniques derived from previous engineering practice of aircraft design. Using these algorithms, experts are able to set uncertain parameters whereby the lack of data is factored in using uncertainty distribution functions. In cases of monotonicity of uncertain parameters in target functions, application of the uncertainty theory provides a significant reduction in computational costs compared to the method of statistical modeling in optimization calculations. The paper presents the results of computational studies of the developed algorithms. A genetic algorithm (mathematical optimization solver) is used to optimize the search for design solutions. Pareto frontiers are obtained for different confidence levels enabling to make design decisions including values of aerodynamic characteristics and engine parameters of maneuverable aircraft.

Spaceborne SAR System Design Considerations: Minimizing Satellite Size and Mass, System Parameter Trade-Offs, and Optimization

The goal of this research is to assess and guide the development of next-generation synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites, optimize their performance, and present the requirements related to the design parameters. In the current era, characterized by the rapid advancement of SAR technologies, the challenge of designing compact and efficient satellites is more relevant than ever. The present research provides a comprehensive analysis of design parameters for microsatellite applications, including altitude, incidence angle, operating frequency, antenna sizing, and transmitting power. The complex relationships between these parameters and their combined impact on SAR system performance and satellite dimensions are demonstrated through various scenarios. Special attention is given to balancing the SAR antenna area and the transmitting power needs, which are primary constraints in SAR microsatellite design. A detailed comparative study is presented, highlighting how each design decision affects the overall functionality and performance. Modern SAR satellites with masses under 150 kg can operate with approximately 1 kW of transmitting power and a 10 m2 SAR antenna area. The present results analyze and validate the key parameters related to these satellites, coping with the challenging trade-offs through optimization. Furthermore, this study aims to guide future innovative spaceborne SAR system design, highlighting the potential of optimization techniques in advancing spaceborne SAR technology.

Examination of state-level school safety data dashboard characteristics

Choices made on data visualizations guide how users make meaning of the information presented. This research investigates design decisions made on 115 state-level dashboards reporting school safety data. Using pre-determined codes drawn from a framework of visualization rhetoric, dashboard characteristics were described and analyzed. Analysis demonstrates that school safety dashboards vary significantly in types of school safety data included as well as how such data are presented. Most dashboards lack specific interpretative text or narration, meaning the messages and stories communicated by dashboards are influenced largely by choices in data included, how it is visually represented, and the interactivity provided to users. The choices craft divergent stories about school safety for dashboard users—including, but not limited to, those that foreground student behavior as the central threat, those that present school practices as problematic, and those that center community creation—which may shape public discourse around school safety. In concert, rhetorical choices reflect different perspectives on safety, students, and schools.

Цифровизация закупочного процесса как элемент управления медицинской организации

In modern conditions, digital technologies are penetrating into all spheres of life, and the healthcare industry is no exception. It is not individual medical services that compete in the market, but financial models. Therefore, those medical institutions that are able to quickly search, test and implement appropriate changes win. Digitalization tools and approaches help you learn to speak the language of value that is created for different target audiences, and regularly update the financial model of a medical institution. A significant stage in the activities of a public health institution is the procurement process. The purpose of the study is to identify the main aspects of building the procurement process of a public health institution through the prism of digitalization of this process within a medical institution. Materials and methods. The study includes the identification of factors that must be taken into account when forming a model of the procurement process; the stages of creating a digital model of the procurement process; the principles of implementing the procurement process project; substantiation of design decisions on information and software for the procurement process of a public health institution; the stages of developing an information system. Methods of structural, functional, information process, causal analysis and modeling are used. Results. The paper identified the main problems associated with the procurement process in medical institutions, including shortcomings in the regulatory framework, the lack of a clear distribution of responsibility between the participants in the process and the inefficiency of management decisions. To improve procurement monitoring and management, a proposal has been developed to optimize the procurement process through the use of digital technologies. Conclusions. The conducted research made it possible to identify the optimization of the procurement process in public medical institutions, which is associated with the use of a digital model of the procurement process. The scope of the results. The results of the work can be used in public medical institutions of various levels to develop and implement a system of digitalization of procurement activities within a medical organization. And also, when optimizing the procurement process in public medical institutions, when using a digital financial model of the procurement process, which has a number of beneficial advantages.

Real-Time Visibility Assessment in an Interactive Immersive Virtual Reality Application for Urban Public Space Design

Abstract. The design of urban public spaces (UPSs) aims to facilitate users’ physical and mental well-being by facilitating dynamic and stationary activities. The success of a UPS is often measured by its users’ engagement and experiences. However, UPSs frequently exhibit varying usage patterns, with some areas being heavily frequented and others neglected. This discrepancy is often due to users’ perceptions of safety, comfort, and liveliness. Failure to anticipate and address these aspects during the design phase of UPSs can result in dysfunctional urban spaces that fail to meet users’ needs. People experience UPSs primarily through their senses, with vision being the predominant sense and key to spatial cognition in UPSs. Therefore, adequate visibility of the spatial configuration must be integral to UPS design as a design goal. As a result of recent advances in Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) end-users can participate in, interact and experience the possible UPS design scenarios, however, most IVR applications do not provide real-time feedback for design goals such as visibility. Established methods exist for analyzing visibility in UPS. However, these techniques are not usually integrated into VR apps to assess the effects of the designs. This paper addresses the gap for the lack of real-time visibility feedback within IVR applications for UPS design and its technical challenge. Building on a previous IVR application, CoHeSIVE, which was developed for UPS design, we integrated a ray-casting method and Unity’s built-in callbacks for dynamic visibility assessment of the features within the user’s field of view. The visibility assessment is then presented on a dashboard within the IVR app. This study serves as a cornerstone for future real-time feedback mechanisms of visibility assessment within IVR applications for urban design, facilitating informed design decisions.

Impact of random geometric errors in an elliptical superconducting magnet with application to a compact heavy-ion synchrotron

A compact heavy-ion synchrotron is under development for next-generation cancer therapy. A superconducting magnet is designed with a main dipole field of 3.5 T and a field error less than 5 × 10−4 to maintain compactness. The coil is wound directly with monolithic Nb-Ti wire on a curved elliptical mandrel, comprising 22 laminated layers to achieve the desired magnetic field. Given the critical need for field quality, it is imperative to determine the tolerance of coil fabrication and to devise a method to eliminate field error during the design stage. This paper presents a numerical investigation of possible random geometric errors stemming from fabrication and assembly tolerances in a curved elliptical superconducting magnet. We first provide an analytical formulation derived in a complex plane to estimate the field error of a straight elliptical coil. We then conduct a Monte Carlo simulation to assess cases involving misalignment of individual wires and coil block sectors. Additionally, we compare simulation results with field measurements obtained from a short model magnet tested previously to predict potential random errors in manufacturing. Finally, we calculate the beam dynamic aperture to assess the effects of random geometric errors on beam loss using Monte Carlo simulation results. This method enables the prediction of tolerances for fabricating high-quality high-field magnets and aids in making design decisions concerning the utilization of active shim coils.

Hand’s Vibration Perception Thresholds—A Systematic Review

The term vibration perception threshold (VPT) refers to the minimum amplitude required for a vibration to be consciously perceived. Knowledge of VPTs can be used to aid in the diagnosis of various pathologies, or to support design decisions during human-machine interface development. However, several factors affect VPT measurements (e.g., contactor size and pressure), thus, comparing VPT results from multiple studies should not be done without considering both the similarities and differences between said studies. This paper presents a systematic review on VPT results obtained across multiple studies, taking into consideration the different factors affecting the values reported in the literature. We intended to answer the following question: “What are the Vibration Perception Thresholds assessed on the glabrous skin of the hands and fingers of healthy humans?” To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt at conducting a systematic review focused specifically on numerical VPT results. Starting from 936 records, VPT results from 37 studies were organized according to various factors (gender, age, probe size, contact pressure, psychophysical method, room temperature, skin temperature, and hand location). This data was organized into a table, the Organization Table that is available for readers. This review can help future researchers and developers working on or working with the topic of human perception of vibrations by examining the factors that affect VPTs and discussing strategies to address them. We offer recommendations for future research and insights on how design engineers can utilize VPTs in the development of new haptic devices.