The H− ion dynamics in the positive column of H2 DC glow discharge was studied by the laser photodetachment technique in a wide range of pressure, 0.1–3 Torr, and current, 1–30 mA, which cover a range of E/N from ∼40 Td up to ∼170 Td. Using a partial modulation of the discharge current, it is shown that the H−concentration follows H atom dynamics due to a fast detachment reaction with the atoms; the higher the H density, the lower the H–/n e ratio. The dynamics of H atom density during discharge modulation was measured by time-resolved actinometry on Ar atoms, while H2 vibrational temperature was estimated by comparing measured and simulated H2 VUV absorption spectra. The analysis of the experimental dependencies of H− and H/H2 on the discharge parameters allowed estimating the effective rate constant of H− production in the discharge as a function of the reduced electric field. For this discharge model, self-consistent state-to-state vibrational kinetics as well as H2 highly excited electronic states were developed. The main processes that contribute to H− production and loss are discussed in detail. Dissociative attachment to vibrationally excited H2(v) molecules is the main channel of H – production but occurs via the excitation of the well-known low-energy ( ϵ th ≈ 3 eV) shape resonance of H2 −(X2Σu +) only at low E/N. At high E/N, the H– production mostly occurs via the excitation of high-energy H2 − states, such as H2 –(B2Σg +, A2Σg +, C2Πu) and Feshbach resonances similar to H2 −(2Σg +) Rydberg state.