Labor Day Research Articles

Impact of Education and Certified Seeds on Wheat Production in Kohat, Pakistan

The study was conducted to investigate the impact of education and certified seed on wheat production in district Kohat, Pakistan. For the purpose, proportional allocation sampling technique was used and total of 100 respondents randomly selected to get necessary information. Simple budgeting technique was used for cost and return of wheat production. The econometric technique, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) OLS estimation model was used to analyze contribution of major factors in the wheat yield. The sign of explanatory variables were found according to our prior expectation of the economic theory. The estimated results of production function indicated that farm yard manure(FYM), total fertilizer nutrient applied and labor days had positive and significantly effect on wheat yield, seed rate had positive but insignificant effect on wheat yield. The impact of

The impact of post Labor Day school start mandates on summer travel

State mandates that specify the earliest date when public schools can start instruction have become the source of perennial debates and substantial legislative effort. The arguments of mandate proponents mostly hinge on the premise that a post Labor Day school start has a causal effect on family summer vacations. This study brings quasiexperimental evidence to this question using data from the American Time Use Survey. Difference in differences estimates show a substantial decline in late summer travel among families with children when school starts before Labor Day and a smaller effect over the whole summer. Falsification tests show that the effect is unique to families with children and absent in families without.

Maternal periodontal disease and preterm birth: A case-control study.

Background and Objective:Preterm birth (PTB) is an important issue in public health and is a major cause for infant mortality and morbidity. There is a growing consensus that systemic diseases elsewhere in the body may influence PTB. Recent studies have hypothesized that maternal periodontitis could be a high-risk factor for PTB. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between maternal periodontitis on PTB.Materials and Methods:Forty systemically healthy primiparous mothers aged 18–35 years were recruited for the study. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, they were categorized into PTB group as cases and full term birth group (FTB) as controls. PTB cases (n = 20) defined as spontaneous delivery before/<37 completed weeks of gestation. Controls (FTB) were normal births at or after 37 weeks of gestation. Data on periodontal status, pregnancy outcome variables, and information on other factors that may influence adverse pregnancy outcomes were collected within 2 days of labor. Data were subjected to Student's t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient statistical analysis.Results:Statistically significant difference with respect to the gestational period at the time of delivery and birth weight of the infants in (PTB) group (<0.001) compared to (FTB) group was observed. Overall, there was statistically significant poor periodontal status in the (PTB) group compared to (FTB) group. The statistical results also showed a positive correlation between gestational age and clinical parameters.Conclusion:An observable relationship was noticed between periodontitis and gestational age, and a positive correlation was found with respect to PTB and periodontitis. Further studies should be designed to establish periodontal disease as an independent risk factor for PTB/preterm low birth weight.

The New Age Consumer's and Small Retailer's Perspective in India on Foreign Direct Investment in Multi-Brand Retail in India - A Subtle Marketing Message?

1 May 2013 was no ordinary Labour Day. It was the day the Supreme Court of India came out with a historic judgment. The judgment was in the context of the Central Government in India allowing 51% Foreign Direct Investment in multi brand retail in India on 7 December 2012. The Supreme Court clearly stated that “the consumer is king and if that is the philosophy behind the policy then what is wrong”. This stance has to be viewed from the perspective of vigorous opposition to the policy from various lobbies and also the left and right of the political spectrum. This paper looks at Consumer Psychology and Behaviour from the perspective of the New Age Customer and also the small retailer. After all consumers and small retailers (kirana stores) are the two major stakeholders as far as this government policy is concerned. However their concerns do show some measure of convergence. In my conclusion I have stated that Indian consumers may actually welcome more choice in the marketplace and local retailers could also carve out their own niche and exist along with Foreign Retailers. The likes of Wal-Mart (United States), Carrefour (France), Mark and Spencer (UK), TESCO (UK), Shoprite (South Africa) may be no match for the unique strengths of the local Kirana Store.

Harambee narratives: A rhetorical framing of the Kenyan trade union movement

This paper analyses discourse on trade unionism contained in the coverage of Labour Day (May 1) celebrationsinone leading Kenyan daily national newspaper, The East African Standard, from 1966 to 2013. I assess slightly over fortyarticles qualitativelyusing rhetorical criticism. This is done by looking at topics addressed, characterizations of unions as well as major actors such as union leaders, workers, and political leaders. I chose rhetoricalcriticism of a news media corpusin order to explore how diverse power relations have been transformed into mechanisms that keep the Kenyan labour movement tolerable to the government of the day. The research identifies themes surfaced by and in the news coverage. The paper shows how diverse power relations are colonized and articulated into more general mechanisms that keeps the industrial population governable with minimal disruptions.

On Farm Testing on Assessment of Different Type of Weeders in Direct Seeded Rice

The performance of five type of weeders viz., cycle weeder, twin wheel hoe weeder, cono weeder, three blade weeder, and a local make designed by the farmers themselves were assessed and compared in direct sown paddy crop. The parameters of assessment included weeding efficiency, plant damage, musculoskeletal disorders, and cost economics. The results showed that, twin wheel hoe weeders in DSR has highest percentage of weeding efficiency, highest performance index, lowest plant damage and is economical to the tune of 60 per cent. Using twin wheel hoe weeder can destroy weeds by completely or partially burying weeds, uprooting and breaking the weed root contact with the soil. The use of weeders at 20–25 days after sowing (DAS) proved to be more beneficial than at later stage. The efficiency of the weeder was found to be 0.3 ha./d/man labour day vs 20–25 women/d/ha. The timely weeding and application of fertilizers is ensured in case of weeding done with twin wheel hoe weeder, while the labour dependency and timely availability of labours is a major problem in manual weeding.

“Long Gone Hippies in the Desert”: Counterculture and “Radical Self-Reliance” at Burning Man

“Long Gone Hippies in the Desert”: Counterculture and “Radical Self-Reliance” at Burning Man

Delivery outcomes after day and night onset of labour.

To describe the outcome of night onset of labour as compared with the day onset of labour to investigate if labour that begins at night is more efficient. Retrospective review of labour and delivery data. A large United Kingdom maternity service. Over the period of 10 years, there were 30,022 deliveries, of which 19,842 were studied. A United Kingdom maternity department database was used to identify deliveries over a 10-year period, and the delivery outcomes were retrieved from these records. The 19,842 labours were divided into two categories: night onset (22.00-06.00 h) and day onset (10.00-18.00 h). Rates of operative intervention, augmentation, epidural usage and labour duration. A significant difference in delivery outcome was noted (P=0.004) with the night-onset labours having more normal deliveries (83.6% vs. 82.5%), fewer caesarean sections (8.7% vs. 10.1%), fewer labour augmentations with syntocinon (14.9% vs. 19.5%, P<0.001), fewer artificial rupture of membranes (14.1% vs. 15.6% P<0.001) and a significantly shorter mean first stage duration (4 h 58 min vs. 5 h 7 min, P<0.05). The proportion of women from each group who delivered between 09.00 and 17.00 h was 3660 (31.1%) in the night-onset group and 2414 (30%) in the day-onset group (χ2=1.3, P=NS) Conclusions: Labours that start at night appear to be more efficient than labours that start during the day.

Days of Labour: Topographies of Power in Modern Peripheral Capitalism. The Case of The Industrial City of Łódź

AbstractThe article investigates the city of Łódź as an exceptional case of a settlement constitutive of different kinds and techniques of power typical of nineteenth century industrial capitalism. We consider Foucault's disciplinary power/biopower through the convergence of the paternalistic gaze of the factory owner, and the Tsarist rule in the Scheibler and Grohman industrial establishment and the nearby workers housing estate. The aim of this article is to investigate a specific locus of peripheral capitalism and the relations accompanying it through the Foucauldian analysis of power. We argue that unique and unstable patterns of correlation of power techniques emerged here. Power is no longer strictly related to the temporal matrix or the functional demands of capitalist production, and only temporarily ossified in contingent configurations. While Foucault's canonical theoretical premises and concepts are of explanatory value, the very relations between them become problematic when confronted with the particular entanglement in Łódź. Therefore we opt for the new paradigm of power analysis through S. J. Collier's “topological analysis”.

Labor Day: Reminder to Care About the Mental Health of Our Workers

Labor Day: Reminder to Care About the Mental Health of Our Workers

Case of Legionnaires disease in a neonate following a home birth in a heated birthing pool, England, June 2014.

Public Health England was notified of Legionnaires' disease in a neonate following a home birth in a heated birthing pool filled from the domestic hot water supply two weeks earlier. We describe the incident, sampling results, and public health actions. It is recommended that heated birthing pools should not be used for home births. Neonates developing pneumonia within 14 days of labour or birth in any birthing pool should be tested for Legionnaires' disease.

A simplified pruning method for profitable cotton production in the Yellow River valley of China

Intensive plant pruning involving removal of vegetative branches, topping, and continuously excising old leaves, growth tips of fruiting branches, excessive buds and empty fruit branches, has been widely adopted in the field management of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in China, but this practice is facing a serious of challenges because it is labor-intensive and time-consuming. In the present study, an extensive (simplified) pruning system was designed by concurrent removal of vegetative branches and the main-stem leaves below the first fruiting branch at squaring, topping by mid-July when there are 10–12 fruiting branches per plant, and omitting other pruning measures. The objective was to determine if the extensive pruning is better than intensive pruning and non-pruning (plant topping only) in yield and economic benefits. To achieve this goal, two field experiments were conducted at one site from 2011 to 2012 and at five sites in 2013 in the Yellow River delta of China. A split-plot design was used in both experiments with the main plots assigned to cotton cultivars and the subplots assigned to plant pruning (non-pruning, intensive pruning and extensive pruning). The effects of plant pruning, cultivar and their interactions on seed cotton yield were evaluated in both experiments, and on plant growth, harvest index, earliness, yield components and labor input in the first experiment. Both the intensive and extensive plant pruning were beneficial to plant height, harvest index, boll weight and seed cotton yield regardless of cotton cultivar. The extensive pruning was comparable to the intensive pruning system in cotton yield in the first experiment, but produced 4.3% and 4.8% more seed cotton than non-pruning in 2011 and 2012. Greater increases in cotton yield under extensive pruning were obtained in the multi-site experiment in 2013, with an average seed cotton yield increase of 7.7% compared with non-pruning. Both intensive and extensive pruning consumed more labor days than non-pruning, but the labor input under extensive pruning was 76–81% less than that under intensive pruning. Compared with non-pruning, extensive pruning increased the net revenue by 7.9% as a result of improved cotton yield, but intensive pruning decreased net revenue by 3.5% due to increased labor input. The overall results showed that extensive plant pruning is more simplified and beneficial than the traditional intensive pruning and should be a promising alternative in the Yellow River valley of China and other regions with similar ecological conditions.

PARE0006 General Practitioners' Education in Rheumatic Diseases

BackgroundEarly diagnosis of Rheumatic Diseases and early referral to the Rheumatologist for specialized management is of vast importance. Early diagnosis means early access to the right treatment. It also means...

American Red Cross Scientific Advisory Council: Guidelines for Group Aquatic Outings

Drowning is a leading cause of accidental death that disproportionately affects children. Though drowning deaths do not occur in epidemic proportions, the drowning of even one child is an incomprehensible tragedy and immeasurable loss to the parents and family. Much has been written about ways to prevent childhood drowning. Strategies include but are not limited to secure fencing, lifeguard supervision, lifejackets for weak or nonswimmers, learning to swim, and, most importantly, parental supervision. But what of the times when parents are not part of the solution providing supervision-times such as when the child is at school or with a daycare provider. Each year, as schools come to a close, teachers search for fun and exciting activities for that last field trip of the year, and daycare agencies and child service providers are organizing summer activities. One of the most popular activities is an aquatic outing. Unfortunately, and all too often, preplanning is poor or nonexistent, and child care staff and teachers tend to rely solely on lifeguards rather than providing active supervision for their charges. The consequences of poor planning and inattention by staff can end in tragedy. In Dallas, Texas, two children nearly drowned during an aquatic outing attended by 55 other children ages 6 and 7. A 5-year-old kindergarten student drowned when he and 107 other students attended an aquatic outing at a local pool. A 7-year-old girl drowned while attending a day camp with 38 other campers and 6 counselors. These are only a few examples of the dozens of swimming pool drownings that are recorded every year in the United States between Memorial Day (May) and Labor Day (September). Should parents not have an expectation of safety when the school or daycare has charge of their child? Should parents not have an expectation that proper preplanning and adequate supervision have been addressed before an aquatic outing? The purposes of this paper are to educate parents, daycare providers, teachers, and elementary school principals about the potential risks of drowning, to provide guidelines for systematic preplanning, and to recommend ratios for staff supervision for aquatic outings. The full report is available Open Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijare.2014-0049 Language: en

Abstract P441: Walking Patterns on Weekdays, Weekends, and Holidays in a Large, Metropolitan U.S. Airport: The Walk to Fly Study

Objective: Many airports provide environments conducive for walking but little is known about walking patterns. The objective of this study is to characterize airport walking volume and mode choice by day of the week and around holidays. Methods: Individuals entering the transportation mall of a large, metropolitan U.S. airport may ride the train, walk, or use a moving walkway to get to their gate. Six ceiling-mounted, infrared sensors count individuals who enter the transportation mall, and those who walk or use the moving walkway. Train riders are the difference between the entry, and the walk and walkway counts. Holiday travel days occurred before and after the 2013 July 4 (July 3 and 7) and Labor Day (Aug 30 and Sept 3) holidays. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed using R version 2.14.1. Results: Data collection occurred from June 15 -- Oct 2, 2013. On average, more than 46,000 individuals entered the transportation mall daily where 89.9% rode the train, 4.6% walked, and 5.5% used the moving walkway. The mean volume of individuals ranged from 34,430 on Saturdays to 48,411 on Mondays (Figure). The mean percentage of individuals walking or using the moving walkway was 10.5% on weekdays and 9.3% on weekends. The odds of walking or using the moving walkway were lower on weekends (versus weekdays) [OR 0.873 (95% CI: 0.867-0.879)] and around holidays (versus non-holidays) [OR 0.912 (0.898-0.925)]. Conclusion: In a large, metropolitan U.S. airport, walking or using the moving walkway is less common on weekends and on days surrounding holidays. Airport walking interventions may need to consider differences in walking patterns on weekdays, weekends, and holidays.

An Empirical Analysis on the Relationship between Tropical Cyclone Size and Storm Surge Heights along the U.S. Gulf Coast

AbstractIn the past decade, several large tropical cyclones have generated catastrophic storm surges along the U.S. Gulf and Atlantic Coasts. These storms include Hurricanes Katrina, Ike, Isaac, and Sandy. This study uses empirical analysis of tropical cyclone data and maximum storm surge observations to investigate the role of tropical cyclone size in storm surge generation. Storm surge data are provided by the Storm Surge Database (SURGEDAT), a global storm surge database, while a unique tropical cyclone size dataset built from nine different data sources provides the size of the radius of maximum winds (Rmax) and the radii of 63 (34 kt), 93 (50 kt), and 119 km h−1 (64 kt) winds. Statistical analysis reveals an inverse correlation between storm surge magnitudes and Rmax sizes, while positive correlations exist between storm surge heights and the radius of 63 (34 kt), 93 (50 kt), and 119 km h−1 (64 kt) winds. Storm surge heights correlate best with the prelandfall radius of 93 km h−1 (50 kt) winds, with a Spearman correlation coefficient value of 0.82, significant at the 99.9% confidence level. Many historical examples support these statistical results. For example, the 1900 Galveston hurricane, the 1935 Labor Day hurricane, and Hurricane Camille all had small Rmax sizes but generated catastrophic surges. Hurricane Katrina provides an example of the importance of large wind fields, as hurricane-force winds extending 167 km [90 nautical miles (n mi)] from the center of circulation enabled this large storm to generate a higher storm surge level than Hurricane Camille along the same stretch of coast, even though Camille’s prelandfall winds were slightly stronger than Katrina’s. These results may be useful to the storm surge modeling community, as well as disaster science and emergency management professionals, who will benefit from better understanding the role of tropical cyclone size for storm surge generation.

Public Authorities and Intermediate Organizations

The importance of close and harmonious collaboration between public authorities on the one hand, and the various associations, organizations, and institutions established independently of government initiative, and generally called « intermediate bodies », on the other, has always been stressed in Catholic social teaching. Two reasons prompt us to devote our annual Labour Day Message to this basic theme. We wish to set it out in terms as concrete as possible, and to review it in the light of the recent and memorable social encyclicals of the late Pope John XXIII, Mater et Magistra and Pacem in Terris.

IIIT Intellectual Panels at the ISNA 50th Annual Convention

The International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) organized a two-day seriesof intellectual panels at the Islamic Society of North America’s (ISNA) 50thannual convention, held in Washington, DC, over the Labor Day weekend(Aug. 31–Sept. 1, 2103). These events were hosted in the institute’s hospitalitysuite on the main floor of the Washington Convention Center. Recently publishedIIIT books and other selected publications were prominently displayed.A documentary on IIIT and its goals was shown before each session.

Las actividades económicas en El Palmar (Valencia): entre la tradición y la modernidad

In this work we have firstly analyzed through the study of the works of different authors wish have been the activities were traditionally in this rural area and how these activities influenced in population in daily basis. Later the town was visited during a labor day to check if everything coincided with the present reality and if these economic activities and lifestyles are the same nowadays or if, otherwise, they have to new lifestyles related to the new capitalist model in which are living. Finally, we have analyzed the dichotomy between the traditional activities and the modern ones, that is to say, between the fishing activities or the rice crops and the restaurants or tourism. But also, if these activities are compatible with the environment. In this work we have also studied what is the role of women in the past and in the current society, and the different conflicts that this change may have caused.

Determinants of aggregate agricultural productivity among high external input technology farms in a harsh macroeconomic environment of Imo state, Nigeria

The main purpose of this study was to isolate and discuss the determinants of aggregate agricultural productivity in an environment where policy on subsidy of fertilizer is inconsistent. The study examined determinants of aggregate agricultural productivity among HEIT farmers in Imo State, in order to provide information on those variables that play significant roles in determining the aggregate agricultural productivity in an environment where HEIT inputs such as inorganic fertilizer are not subsidized. Cross - sectional data generated from 80 smallholder farmers who practiced HEIT, randomly selected from 2 out of the 3 agricultural zones in Imo State were used. Multiple regressions was used in analyzing the data. Results showed that farm sizes, capital input, number of crops planted in a mixture in the farm, labour input, expenditure on planting materials, non farm income, distance to the nearest market, level of education and farming experience are the statistically significant determinants of aggregate agricultural productivity among HEIT users in a harsh macroeconomic environment of Imo State, Nigeria. The negative sign on man days of labour and expenditure on planting materials may suggest that a reduction in the current level of use of these inputs may increase aggregate agricultural productivity in Imo state. The negative sign associated with non farm income may imply that if more time is allotted to non farm activities less time would be available for allocation to farming activities which may reduce aggregate agricultural productivity. It is, therefore, recommended that appropriate policies be put in place by the government to increase the farm sizes through re-examination of the existing land laws. Credit liberalization in favour of HEIT farmers is expected to increase their labour and capital inputs while mass literacy and increase in extension contacts will increase their level of education. Credit facilities for the smallholder farmers should be skewed in favour of farmers with more years of farming experience and levels of education. Furthermore, improved planting materials should be made available to the HEIT smallholder farmers in the country, if aggregate agricultural productivity is to be increased under the prevailing macroeconomic environment.