Data Integrity In Cloud Storage Research Articles

Smart Contracts for Ensuring Data Integrity in Cloud Storage with Blockchain

INTRODUCTION: Data integrity protection has become a significant priority for both consumers and organizations as cloud storage alternatives have multiplied since they provide scalable solutions for individuals and organizations alike. Traditional cloud storage systems need to find new ways to increase security because they are prone to data modification and unauthorized access thus causing data breaches.
 OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this study is to review usage of smart contracts and blockchain technology to ensure data integrity in cloud storage.
 METHODS: . Case studies, performance evaluations, and a thorough literature review are all used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested system.
 RESULTS: This research has unveiled a revolutionary approach that capitalizes on the fusion of smart contracts and cloud storage, fortified by blockchain technology.
 CONCLUSION: This theoretical analysis demonstrate that smart contracts offer a dependable and scalable mechanism for maintaining data integrity in cloud storage, opening up a promising area for further research and practical application.

IPAPA: Incentive Public Auditing Scheme against Procrastinating Auditor

<p>Cloud storage provides convenience in managing data for users. Data integrity becomes important because data owner (DO) loses control of their data once it is uploaded to the cloud server (CS). Public auditing is used to check data integrity in cloud storage. Traditional public auditing schemes introduce a third-party auditor (TPA) to help users check their data. However, TPA is assumed to be trusted in these schemes, which may not be practical. A dishonest TPA may provide a good report to DO without executing the auditing task timely. If the data loss could not be detected timely, it may cause a great loss to DO. In this paper we aim to solve these problems using blockchain technique. In our scheme DO, TPA and CS interact with blockchain via smart contracts. We utilize a time-locked deposit smart contract to incentive TPA and CS for their fulfillment in the auditing task honestly. Otherwise, they would be amerced. We use storage smart contracts to ensure the auditing process transparency, and utilize zero-knowledge proof to protect DO’s privacy. The scheme is extended to support batch auditing to reduce the user’s cost. Experimental results show that our scheme is efficient and practical.</p> <p> </p>

Blockchain-based public auditing for big data in cloud storage

Cloud storage enables applications to efficiently manage their remote data but facing the risk of being tampered with. This paper utilizes blockchain technique to develop a novel public auditing scheme for verifying data integrity in cloud storage. In the proposed scheme, different from the existing works that involve three participatory entities, only two predefined entities (i.e. data owner and cloud service provider) who may not trust each other are involved, and the third party auditor for data auditing is removed. Specifically, data owners store the lightweight verification tags on the blockchain and generate a proof by constructing the Merkle Hash Tree using the hashtags to reduce the overhead of computation and communication for integrity verification. Besides, this work is able to achieve 100% confidence of auditing theoretically, as the hashtag of each data block is utilized to build the Merkle Hash Tree for the data integrity verification. Security analysis shows that the proposed scheme can defend against malicious entities and the 51% attack. Experimental results demonstrate the significant improvements on computation and communication.

Lattice-Based Privacy-Preserving and Forward-Secure Cloud Storage Public Auditing Scheme

Aiming at reducing the local storage burden and computational costs, numerous individuals and enterprises are willing to outsource their data to the cloud server. Meanwhile, due to the loss of the actual physical control over their data files once outsourced to the cloud server, how to guarantee the cloud server keep user’s data integrity is an important security issue to be addressed urgently. Accordingly, multiple data integrity checking schemes based on the traditional cryptosystem have been proposed. However, with the advent and development of quantum computer, these existing data integrity checking schemes are no longer secure. Thus, it is necessary to study the new scheme which can resist quantum attack to adapt to the quantum era. In this work, we put forward a novel scheme named lattice-based privacy-preserving and forward-secure cloud storage public auditing scheme (LB-PPFS). Our proposed scheme is not only quantum-attack-against, but also enjoy the privacy-preserving and forward-secure property. In the proposed scheme, a curious auditor cannot learn any knowledge of user’s data because the original data is encapsulated with a random number. In addition, the lattice basis delegation technique is adopted to achieve forward security for resisting key exposure attack. Based on the hardness assumptions of SIS problem from lattice, we prove that the proposed scheme can achieve formally provable security. Besides, the theoretical analysis and performance evaluation demonstrate that the proposed scheme is effective and feasible to guarantee the quantum security for the data integrity in cloud storage.

Survey on Cloud Computing Techniques for Data Integrity Checking

Cloud computing is a term that used instead of internet to describe the infrastructure, software services and storage via internet. Large data centers are available in cloud for remotely store user data. The users have no data control privileges when the data transferred to the Cloud and they are not aware of any security risk. Data can be altered by unauthorized user, threats and dishonest server. Farther more, Data which are either unused for a long a time or takes large memory space can be deleted by cloud service provider. The main issue of cloud computing today is data integrity and how can be maintaining. There for, security challenges users are need to ensure that their data are integral by periodically Data integrity checking. Several integrity checking techniques have been proposed to ensure the data integrity in cloud storage. This paper provides a survey of various data integrity checking techniques for cloud data stored. Objective of this survey focusing on existing integrity check techniques for cloud data storage and presenting their characteristics, benefits, functionality and limitations.

Certificateless Public Verification for the Outsourced Data Integrity in Cloud Storage

By advances in cloud storage systems, users have access to the data saved in the cloud and can manipulate the data without limitation of time and place. As the data owner no longer possesses data physically, he is required to ensure the integrity of the data stored in the cloud with the public key given by public key infrastructure (PKI). Thus the security of PKI and certificates are essential. However, there are numerous security risks in the traditional PKI and it is complex to administer the certificates. Certificateless public key cryptography is used in this paper to solve these problems. We also use elliptic curve group to reduce computation overhead. In this paper, we design a certificateless public verification mechanism to check the integrity of data outsourced in the cloud and we further extend it to support a multiuser group by batch verification. Specifically, a public verifier who replaces the data owner to check the integrity in the proposed scheme does not require to manage any certificates during the verification process. Meanwhile, a verifier is not required to download the entire file for integrity checking. Theoretical analyses verify the security of our scheme and experimental results show its efficiency.

S<SUP align="right">2</SUP>PAD: secure self-certified public auditing for data integrity in cloud storage and its extension

Cloud storage is an important service of cloud computing, it can offer services for data owners in a pay-as-you-go fashion. In cloud storage, after data files are outsourced, data owner no longer has physical controls over the storage. To protect the outsourced data in cloud storage against corruptions, several public auditing schemes for data integrity checking were proposed to achieve data integrity checking. The existing auditing schemes make the auditor execute high computation to check data integrity. It might become a burden for a lot of data owner. To solve the above problem, we propose a novel public auditing scheme with public verifiability and constant communication cost based on self-certified signature scheme in this paper. Thorough analysis shows that our proposed scheme is secure and efficient. The security of our scheme is based on the fixed inversion (FI) problem of the bilinear map and the inversion of hash function. Finally, based on the above protocol, we extend it into multi-user setting.

S<SUP align="right">2</SUP>PAD: secure self-certified public auditing for data integrity in cloud storage and its extension

S<SUP align="right">2</SUP>PAD: secure self-certified public auditing for data integrity in cloud storage and its extension

Study on Auditing Approaches for Preserving Data Integrity in Cloud Storage

Study on Auditing Approaches for Preserving Data Integrity in Cloud Storage

Survey on public auditability to ensure data integrity in cloud storage

Cloud storage relieves the user from the local management of software and hardware by enabling high quality on demand storage services to store their data in remote locations. Storing the data in remote locations not only reduces the management overheads but also eliminates the user’s physical control over data storage and data security. The loss of physical control over data brings out various security issues such as data loss, tampering of data, data modification. The primary issue is to ensure the correctness of data stored in remote locations which can be resolved by enabling public auditing for cloud storage services. In public auditing, not only the user but anyone can verify the data correctness. The introduction of third-party auditor, who works on behalf of cloud user to verify data integrity helps to reduce user computation resources and cost. The key prerequisite for the public auditing protocol is to support dynamic data operations as data in cloud are dynamic in nature. Cloud is a multiuser environment, so the auditing protocol must scale well to handle multiple auditing processes simultaneously. This paper aims at an extensive survey which mainly outlines the requirements for cloud public auditability and compares varied public auditing protocols.