Data Collection Services Research Articles

Characterization of the Dominant Stages at Which Gas Flaring Is Introduced: Impacts and Policy Options to Ameliorate Them

Information on associated gas flaring in the Niger Delta is analyzed to characterize the various stages in the lifecycle of an oil exploration and production facility through which gas flaring is introduced into an area, leading to ecological, health, and economic impacts, and possible policies and implementation strategies for the reduction of the flared gas are offered. Gas flaring is currently occurring at a rate of 5318 million m3 per year in the Niger Delta region. The impacts of gas flaring on the ecological, human, and economic systems include poor air quality, acid rain, and soil degradation. Other impacts include decreased crop yield, increased incidences of respiratory diseases amongst inhabitants in the area, and losses of billions of USD yearly in economic costs. Three dominant stages in the introduction of gas flaring are characterized in this study, using the concept of the management of the invasion of non-native species into an ecosystem and it is determined that the cheapest method of minimizing gas flaring is to incorporate mitigation measures during the design stage of the oil exploration/production facility, rather than after flaring has commenced, as is the common emphasis. During the early periods of oil production, gas flaring is largely localized, and the gas utilization measures can still be implemented to good effect. However, once the facility is established, gas flaring becomes pervasive, stretching kilometers beyond the flare points. Current policies like the imposition of flare-out years on the oil producers have helped, but they have been insufficient as the intensity of gas flaring in the region continues at double the average global levels. Working with relevant stakeholders, a realistic flare-out deadline should be agreed upon, clear and specific gas flaring legislation should be drawn up that includes measures to mitigate gas flaring for each proposed oil facility, and proper data collection and management services would enable the implementation of the policies to be based on robust evidence. These policies would shift the costs of gas flaring away from the inhabitants of the region back to the operators of the facilities that are the sources of the flares.

Developing a minimum data standard for student mental health services in the UK: A qualitative study with staff from university support services

AbstractObjectiveThis study is part of the Student Counselling Outcomes Research and Evaluation (SCORE) initiative that is pooling university counselling service data to improve datasets and evidence for counselling in this sector. This study aimed to explore university counselling staff views about which data should be included in a national minimum data standard (MDS) to provide evidence for counselling in the sector.MethodSemi‐structured focus groups were conducted with university counselling staff including counsellors, service leaders and mental health advisors. They explored data to include in an MDS, current data collection practices, service and sector level data collection barriers. Two researchers performed content analysis involving identifying fields for inclusion. Thematic analysis was used to identify contextual issues surrounding data collection. Ten focus groups were conducted with 41 participants across 26 university counselling services.ResultsContent analysis identified fields of information for the MDS within the categories of student characteristics, demographics, clinical assessment and service evaluation. Thematic analysis explored context and culture surrounding data collection, barriers and facilitators, institutional influence and ideal data collection practices. This highlights the need for service support and training around data collection, clear processes, and adequate IT infrastructure and staff resources.DiscussionThese findings will inform the development of an MDS as part of the SCORE study. The next stage will involve further development of the MDS and piloting in services. The longer term aim is to implement an MDS across university counselling services, enabling the growth of evidence for the sector which may allow increased funding and service provision.

Attribute-based key management for patient-centric and trusted data access in blockchain-enabled IoMT

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) provides real-time data collection and access services to medical entities by connecting their devices to Internet. However, within such a complex architecture, achieving patient-centric data access still presents trustworthiness challenges of transmission security and usage reliability. Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) and blockchain are both the promising primitives that support patients with secure access control over their data. Nevertheless, both have their unique key management issues. In this paper, we propose a novel patient-centric and trusted data access (PCT-DA) system in blockchain-enabled IoMT. Firstly, we develop an online/offline encryption and verifiable outsourced decryption CP-ABE scheme to relieve the computation pressure on patients and users. Secondly, we design a flexible attribute-based key management mechanism to overcome the security drawbacks of encryption and attribute keys, such as single point of failure, key escrow and privacy leakage. Finally, we build a trusted integrity audit contract to guarantee the incentive fairness between patients and users in access services. Moreover, theoretical analyses prove that the PCT-DA system not only achieves confidentiality, integrity, traceability and forward/backward security, but also guarantees static security under random oracles. Simulation experiments indicate that our proposal reduces the time cost by approximately 14.10 seconds over state-of-the-art and is more practical in blockchain-enabled IoMT system.

Cardiac defects of hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders: a retrospective cohort study.

Defective connective tissue structure may cause individuals with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) or hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD) to develop cardiac defects. We conducted a retrospective chart review of adult patients treated in the EDS Clinic from November 1, 2019, to June 20, 2022 to identify those with cardiac defects. Echocardiogram data were collected using a data collection service. All EDS Clinic patients were evaluated by a single physician and diagnosed according to the 2017 EDS diagnostic criteria. Patient demographic, family and cardiac history were extracted from self-reported responses from a REDCap clinical intake questionnaire. Patients with at least 1 available echocardiogram (ECHO) were selected for the study (n = 568). The prevalence of aortic root dilation in patients with hEDS was 2.7% and for HSD was 0.6%, with larger measurements for males than females and with age. Based on self-reported cardiac history that was verified from the medical record, patients with hEDS with bradycardia (p = 0.034) or brain aneurysm (p = 0.015) had a significantly larger average adult aortic root z-score. In contrast, patients with HSD that self-reported dysautonomia (p = 0.019) had a significantly larger average aortic root z-score. The prevalence of diagnosed mitral valve prolapse in patients with hEDS was 3.5% and HSD was 1.8%. Variants of uncertain significance were identified in 16 of 84 patients that received genetic testing based on family history. These data reveal a low prevalence of cardiac defects in a large cohort of well-characterized hEDS and HSD patients. Differences in cardiovascular issues were not observed between patients with hEDS vs. HSD; and our findings suggest that cardiac defects in patients with hEDS or HSD are similar to the general population.

Manajemen Konflik Bimbingan Konseling Kelompok pada Siswa di SMP Negeri 1 Parigi

The background to this research begins with the many interpersonal conflicts that occur in the school environment and the role of guidance and counseling teachers in handling interpersonal conflicts. The results of the preliminary study at SMPN 1 PARIGI show that there are interpersonal conflicts and they are handled by guidance and counseling teachers. The purpose of this research is to find out how conflict management is carried out in group counseling for students at SMP Negeri 1 Parigi. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation. The subjects in this research were people who had direct contact with the implementation of guidance and counseling, namely school principals, guidance and counseling teachers, and homeroom teachers. After data analysis, the research results showed that the counseling services currently used by BK teachers at SMP Negeri 1 PARIGI in handling interpersonal disputes among students are information services, group guidance, data collection, calling parents, mediation and consultation services. service. The types of support services and activities used by guidance and counseling teachers are carried out in order to prevent and resolve interpersonal conflicts between students.

Awareness, Knowledge and Attitudes of the Brussels and Flemish-Brabant Population towards Paternal Perinatal Depression in Belgium

Introduction: Paternal perinatal depression (PPND) occurs in 10% of fathers, which implies an important burden for families and public health services. A better understanding of the population awareness on the topic is essential to adequately identify and adequately support these cases.
 Objective: This study aims to investigate the awareness, knowledge, and attitudes of the Brussels and Flemish-Brabant population in Belgium towards PPND, using the validated Depression in Dads (DDads) questionnaire.
 Methods: A two-strands descriptive study was conducted in the Brussels’ Capital Region and in the province of Flemish Brabant, Belgium between March-May 2020 and March-May 2021. The sample included 314 adults, aged 18-65 years, Flemish speaking, and living in the previously cited provinces. The DDads Questionnaire was administered online via LimeSurvey© (an encrypted and secured online data collection service) due to the COVID-19 social distancing measures. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS 28.0 SPSS© Statistics for Windows©. Ethical approval was obtained from the Brussels’ University Hospital and the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) committees.
 Results: In the case of respondents, anxiousness was the most frequently cited mental health problem as experienced by men during their partners’ pregnancy (82.4%) and during the postnatal period (68.4%). Although well recognized as mental health issue, and as a general health concern, paternal depression had low recognition by respondents, and it was considered by 37.3% of them as being “normal” during the process of fatherhood. New personality traits such as (withdrawal, avoidance, isolation, indecision, or irritability, amongst others) were regarded as a common symptom of PPND by 64.6% of respondents. When asked about best ways of coping -in the case of paternal depression- non-pharmacological approaches were mostly preferred. In the case of experiencing PPND, the main advice was to ask for support from informal networks (family or friends) whilst professional support from the mental health services was suggested only as a secondary option. Over 70% of respondents believed that paternal depression requires from a specialized treatment though. Only 39.2% of the respondents agreed that all men should be screened for depression symptoms during pregnancy, and 43.0% of participants agreed that those symptoms should also be checked after delivery.
 Conclusion: Attitudes towards PPND appeared to be diverse. PPND and perinatal mental health terms seem to be poorly understood. A clear need to increase awareness concerning men’s mental health during pregnancy (of their partners) and PPND is patent. Better awareness may help fathers in difficulty to be identified earlier, for them to be better attended during this process, and to decrease PPND rates and ultimately improve perinatal mental health. 

Peculiarities of Europeana Metadata as a Set of Information for Describing Digital Cultural Heritage

The relevance of the research. European integration is the main and unchanging foreign policy priority of Ukraine. Further development and deepening of relations between Ukraine and the EU are the main direction of its development. A new stage in the development of EU-Ukraine treaty relations, which began with Ukraine’s accession to the EU candidate status in June 2022, requires further raising awareness of Ukraine’s European integration among all members of society. Libraries can contribute to the formation of objective motivations among the population by understanding the practical benefits of cooperation with the EU. One of the ways of such integration for Ukrainian libraries is to become part of the European library network.
 The purpose of research is to identify the features of Europeana metadata for further digitization of library collections in Ukraine in order to preserve cultural heritage.
 The methodology. To achieve this goal, theoretical and general scientific research methods, such as analysis, synthesis, induction, and deduction, were used. The data visualization method and the method of generalization were used to present the Europeana data models.
 The results. The article defines the types of the Europeana operational model, provides a general overview of the classes defined in the Europeana data model and the process of interaction between Europeana data and wikidata.
 The scientific topicality. The article summarizes previous, primarily foreign, research on the peculiarities of the development of the Europeana funds. The article presents the data models of the Europeana that function to fill the web portal.
 The practical significance. The results of the research are presented in the form of Europeana data models and the definition of Europeana metadata types (descriptive, structural, administrative, markup language).
 The conclusion. The current operating model of Europeana uses the Open Archives Initiative’s Metadata Collection Protocol (OAI-PMH) and the Europeana Data Model (EDM) to import data through Metis, Europeana’s data collection and aggregation service. However, OAI-PMH is an outdated technology that is not web-oriented, resulting in high maintenance costs, especially for smaller institutions. Metadata can be divided into several categories, or types, for different data management purposes. Traditional library cataloging focuses, for example, on the identification and description of resources, but there are obviously other types of metadata that carry valuable information (structural, administrative, markup language).

UAV-based plant height estimation of maize cultivated using different varieties and sowing spacing

This study aimed at estimating plant height of maize using low-cost unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based imagery. The experiment was laid out in a factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design. The factors were maize varieties (honampa, ahooden, ahoofe and abontem) and intra-row sowing spacing (20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm). A constant inter-row spacing of 80 cm was used for all sub-plots. Data (both UAV-based imagery and manual data) were taken 21 days after sowing (DAS) -seedling/establishment stage-, 42 DAS (vegetative stage), 63 DAS (tasseling stage), and 84 DAS (physiological maturity stage). The results showed a high correlation between the UAV-based plant height and manual measurement with R2 (adjust) > 0.92 in all cases. For the intra-row sowing spacing, the 20 cm plant spacing was found to have had the best overall R2 (adjust) of 0.949, showing the strongest regression of UAV with the manual data among the treatments. Also, it was found that the best stage to estimate maize plant height is dependent on the variety being used since the honampa gave the best correlation coefficient (R = 0.85) at the tasseling stage while the ahooden, ahoofe and abontem gave optimum correlation coefficients (R) of 0.70, 0.90 and 0.69 respectively at the vegetative stage. Overall, the study shows potency of using UAV-based imagery for estimating plant height of maize. The findings of the study could be useful to agronomists and smallholder farmers in Ghana and other developing countries regarding the usefulness of the technology for in-field data collection and advisory services.

Integrated Platform-Based Tool to Improve Life Cycle Management and Circularity of Building Envelope Components

The construction industry impacts resource consumption and waste production and thus necessitates solutions that promote sustainable practices. In particular, it must address challenges surrounding data collection and digital management services that often hinder the recycling or reuse of materials. The purpose of this study is to develop an integrated platform-based digital tool that seamlessly incorporates circular economy principles into construction processes, with a particular focus on circular resource utilization in the building envelope components’ life cycle. This tool aims to address the challenges in the construction industry related to resource consumption, waste production, and sustainability by promoting sustainable practices and improving material management. This paper reports industrial joint research to develop an integrated platform-based digital tool that seamlessly incorporates circular economy principles into construction processes, focusing on circular resource utilization in the building envelope components life cycle. By combining different platforms and services from the previous research, this study’s results enhance and integrate comprehensive thinking approaches and services. These include promoting raw material substitution, reducing supply chain arrangement time, minimizing waste throughout the building component lifecycle, enhancing disassembly processes, and improving life cycle environmental assessments. The tool design was informed by user-driven narratives and requirements, and demo case testing procedures, ensuring usability and industry relevance. Furthermore, integration with product lifecycle management software and data management platforms enhanced data sharing and accuracy. This study highlights the potential of integrated tools to revolutionize supply chains and promote circular economy, transforming construction paradigms. They can contribute to the reshaping of material management towards environmental consciousness, fostering resource-efficient green building solutions, and enabling more circularity in the construction industry.

Integrated Management Technology of Geophysics and Geology Data

This paper describes the three main development stages of geophysics and geology data management, analyzes the business and data characteristics faced at each stage, discusses the development trend of integrated geophysical and geological data management with the development of information technology and database technology; analyzes the challenges faced by geophysical and geological data in terms of data collection, data storage and data application, explains the sources and causes of the problems. The concept of integrated management of geophysical and geological data is proposed, based on the data governance framework system, the integrated data management platform is built, covering the construction of data source collection, efficient data services and comprehensive data management, so as to realize unified, efficient and secure data collection, management and application services, the content and characteristics of the main data management strategy of geophysical and geological data are analyzed, and on the basis of the above discussion. Finally, it explores and practices the application of this technology system outside the oil and gas field, proposes the application support scheme of integrated geophysical and geological data management for business, and further demonstrates the value and significance of the wide business application of integrated data management.

Improving Equity in Urban Immunization in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Qualitative Document Review.

As the world continues to urbanize, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, understanding the barriers and effective interventions to improve urban immunization equity is critical to achieving both Immunization Agenda 2030 targets and the Sustainable Development Goals. Approximately 25 million children missed one or more doses of the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP3) vaccine in 2021 and it is estimated that close to 30% of the world's children missing the first dose of DTP, known as zero-dose, live in urban and peri-urban settings. The aim of this research is to improve understanding of urban immunization equity through a qualitative review of mixed method studies, urban immunization strategies and funding proposals across more than 70 urban areas developed between 2016 and 2020, supported by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. These research studies and strategies created a body of evidence regarding the barriers to vaccination in urban settings and potential interventions relevant to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with a focus on the vaccination of urban poor, populations of concern and residents of informal settlements. Through the document review we identified common challenges to achieving equitable coverage in urban areas and mapped proposed interventions. We identified 70 documents as part of the review and categorized results across (1) social determinants of health, (2) immunization service-delivery barriers and (3) quality of services. Barriers and solutions identified in the documents were categorized in these thematic areas, drawing information from results in more than 21 countries. Populations of concern such as migrants, refugees, residents of informal settlements and the urban poor face barriers to accessing care which include poor availability and quality of service. Example solutions proposed to these challenges include tailored delivery strategies, improved use of digital data collection and child-friendly services. More research is required on the efficacy of the proposed interventions identified and on gender-specific dynamics in urban poor areas affecting equitable immunization coverage.

SDU - software for high-throughput automated data collection at the Swiss Light Source.

Recent advances in automation have fostered the development of unattended data collection services at a handful of synchrotron facilities worldwide. At the Swiss Light Source, the installation of new high-throughput sample changers at all three macromolecular crystallography beamlines and the commissioning of the Fast Fragment and Compound Screening pipeline created a unique opportunity to automate data acquisition. Here, the DA+ microservice software stack upgrades, implementation of an automatic loop-centering service and deployment of the Smart Digital User (SDU) software for unattended data collection are reported. The SDU software is the decision-making software responsible for communications between services, sample and device safety, sample centering, sample alignment with grid based X-ray diffraction and, finally, data collection.

Who owns the map? Data sovereignty and government spatial data collection, use, and dissemination

AbstractMaps, created through the collection, assembly, and analysis of spatial data are used to support government planning and decision‐making. Traditionally, spatial data used to create maps are collected, controlled, and disseminated by government, although over time, this role has shifted. This shift has been driven by the availability of alternate sources of data collected by private sector companies, and data contributed by volunteers to open mapping platforms, such as OpenStreetMap. In theorizing this shift, we provide examples of how governments use data sovereignty as a tool to shape spatial data collection, use, and sharing. We frame four models of how governments may navigate shifting spatial data sovereignty regimes; first, with government retaining complete control over data collection; second, with government contracting a third party to provide specific data collection services, but with data ownership and dissemination responsibilities resting with government; third, with government purchasing data under terms of access set by third party data collectors, who disseminate data to several parties, and finally, with government retreating from or relinquishing data sovereignty altogether. Within this rapidly changing landscape of data providers, we propose that governments must consider how to address data sovereignty concerns to retain their ability to control data use in the public interest.

Routing Protocol for Healthcare Applications Data Over the 6LoWPAN-based Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have increasingly been adopted as a viable solution in the healthcare industry for many years. One novel application of WSNs in healthcare is real-time health data collection and tele-healthcare service delivery via the Internet. With the increasing number of applications of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in healthcare has emerged during the past decades, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic which has affected millions of people, particularly the elderly, the advantages and benefits of applying WSNs to monitor patients and improve the quality of healthcare have become clearer. Today's sensing and communications technologies have reached a point where these WSNs can be readily implemented and deployed, albeit with some limitations and security concerns.Collecting patients' health data or vital signs from WSNs deployed in hospitals or elderly nursing homes has been one of the most challenging tasks in the healthcare industry. In this paper, our main focus is on the routing protocol for human psychological data generated by healthcare application over the 6LoWPAN-based Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) as well as the development of affordable healthcare applications by leveraging novel WSN technology. Firstly, we present our latest achievements in implementing healthcare systems using the framework proposed in [10]. Additionally, We employ this framework to simulate 6LoWPAN-based Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in two different healthcare settings using the network simulator NS-3. Finally, we provide preliminary results from the application of the developed application in on-site hospitals and nursing homes.

Resource Allocation in UAV-Assisted Wireless Powered Communication Networks for Urban Monitoring

In this paper, we studied the unmanned aerial vehicle-assisted urban monitoring network, in which unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with wireless power transmission provides energy transmission and data collection services for the network. Considering the density of the urban monitoring network, we use the k -means algorithm to cluster the monitoring nodes and reduce the complexity of the UAV services. The UAVs are serviced using a fly-hover-communication protocol. During hovering, the UAV works in the full-duplex mode, collecting data from cluster head nodes on one side and recharging nodes in coverage on the other side. We propose a multiobjective joint optimization problem that considers maximizing the amount of data collection and energy transfer and minimizing the energy consumption of the UAV during the service period. In the optimization process, there is a partial conflict between the three objectives. For this reason, the importance of the optimization objectives is considered and described by weighting parameters. A multiobjective joint deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm is proposed for the multiobjective control policy of UAVs. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the joint optimization of multiple objectives and is compared with other algorithms to verify the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

Therapy-based allied health delivery in residential aged care, trends, factors, and outcomes: a systematic review

BackgroundAllied health professionals in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) make important contributions to the physical and mental wellbeing of residents. Yet to date, health services research in RACFs has focused almost exclusively on nursing disciplines. This review aims to synthesise the current evidence on allied health services in RACF; specifically, how therapy-based allied health is delivered, what factors impact the quantity delivered, and the impact of services on resident outcomes and care quality.MethodsEmpirical peer-reviewed and grey literature focusing on allied health service delivery in RACFs from the past decade was identified through systematic searches of four databases and over 200 targeted website searches. Information on how allied health delivered, factors impacting service delivery, and impact on resident outcomes were extracted. The quality of included studies was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the AACODS (Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance) checklist.ResultsTwenty-eight unique studies were included in this review; 26 peer-reviewed and two grey literature studies. Sixteen studies discussed occupational therapy and 15 discussed physiotherapy, less commonly studied professional groups included dieticians (n = 9), allied health assistants (n = 9), and social workers (n = 6). Thirteen studies were assigned a 100% quality rating. Levels of allied health service provision were generally low and varied. Five studies examined the association between system level factors and allied health service provision, and seven studies examined facility level factors and service provision. Higher levels of allied health provision or access to allied health services, specifically physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and nutrition, were associated with reduced falls with injury, improved care quality, activities of daily living scores, nutritional status, and meal satisfaction in five studies.ConclusionEvidence on how allied health is delivered in RACFs, and its impact on resident health outcomes, is lacking globally. While there are some indications of positive associations between allied health staffing and resident outcomes and experiences, health systems and researchers will need commitment to consistent allied health data collection and health services research funding in the future to accurately determine how allied health is delivered in RACFs and its impact on resident wellbeing.

Assessing the Capacity and Coverage of Satellite IoT for Developing Countries Using a CubeSat

Many regions in developing countries do not have any access to communication networks even though the number of devices connected through the Internet of Things (IoT) is increasing significantly. A small satellite platform could provide global network coverage in low Earth orbit to these remote locations at a low cost. This paper describes the overall mission architecture and the implementation of remote IoT using a 1U volume in 6U CubeSat platform named KITSUNE. In KITSUNE, one of the missions is to leverage IoT for building a network of remote ground sensor terminals (GST) in 11 mostly developing countries. This paper evaluates the capacity and coverage of a satellite-based IoT network for providing remote data-collection services to these countries. The amount of data that could be collected from the GSTs and forwarded accurately to the users determines the actual capacity of the Store and Forward (S&F) mission. Therefore, there are several proposed parameters to estimate this capacity in this study. In addition, these parameters are retrieved from the simulations, ground test results, and on-orbit observations with the KITSUNE satellite. The proposed IoT system, which is composed of the GSTs and IoT subsystem onboard KITSUNE satellite, is determined to be capable of providing valuable information from remote locations. In addition, the collected data are achieved and analyzed to monitor sensory data specific to each country, and it could help to generate prediction profiles as well.

Does sample source matter for theory? Testing model invariance with the influence of presumed influence model across Amazon Mechanical Turk and Qualtrics Panels

Online data collection services are increasingly common for testing mass communication theory. However, how consistent are the theoretical tenets of theory when tested across different online data services? A pre-registered online survey (N = 1546) examined the influence of the presumed influence model across subjects simultaneously recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk and Qualtrics Panels. Results revealed that model parameters were mostly consistent with the IPI theory regardless of data source. Methodological implications are discussed.

선택실험법을 이용한 어촌 관광 선택 요인에 대한 탐구

The purpose of this research is to examine the influential attributes on the choice of sea village tour. The main framework of this research is choice experiment. Four elements were scrutinized in this research; the attributes are experience, convenience facility, residence service, and cost per day. This study collected the data using online survey data collection service. The number of survey participants is 200. Binary logit model was executed for data analysis. The results presented that experience, convenience facility, and residence service positively affects the choice of sea village tour. However, the cost per day is negatively associated with the choice of sea village tour. Regarding marginal willingness to pay. The amounts of experience, convenience facility, and residence service are 57,871 KRW, 194,457 KRW, and 86,696 KRW respectively.

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Jemaat Berbasis Web Di Gki Pulomas

The design of a data processing information system is currently much needed. By designing a data processing information system, the community, especially the congregation and administrators in the Indonesian Christian Church (GKI) Pulomas Jakarta can be facilitated in the process of data processing and information provision quickly, accurately and accurately, so as to achieve efficiency and effectiveness of church work. In this research, the author uses various methods of writing, including Data Collection Techniques, Software Development Methods, System Development Model design. Create an information system in the processing of church data that should be able to improve the performance of the ministry and be able to provide fast and accurate information. So that it can help the process of church member data collection service and can be a means in conveying information to church members. registration of marriage blessings, registration of sidi, registration of lending of worship facilities and infrastructure as well as download of member charter documents, and news about church activities.