Damped Response Functions Research Articles

Mathematical and asymptotic analysis of thermoelastic shells in normal damped response contact

The purpose of this paper is twofold. We first provide the mathematical analysis of a dynamic contact problem in thermoelasticity, when the contact is governed by a normal damped response function and the constitutive thermoelastic law is given by the Duhamel-Neumann relation. Under suitable hypotheses on data and using a Faedo-Galerkin strategy, we show the existence and uniqueness of solution for this problem. Then, we study the particular case when the deformable body is, in fact, a shell and use asymptotic analysis to study the convergence to a 2D limit problem when the thickness tends to zero.

Resonant-convergent second-order nonlinear response functions at the levels of Hartree-Fock and Kohn-Sham density functional theory.

The second-order nonlinear (or cubic) response function is derived from the Ehrenfest theorem with inclusion made of the finite lifetimes of the excited states, representing the extension of the derivation of the quadratic response function in the same framework [P. Norman et al., J. Chem. Phys. 123, 194103 (2005)]. The resulting damped response functions are physically sound and converging also in near-resonance and resonance regions of the spectrum. Being an accurate approximation for small complex frequencies (defined as the sum of an optical frequency and an imaginary damping parameter), the polynomial expansion of the complex cubic response function in terms of the said frequencies is presented and used to validate the program implementation. In terms of approximate state theory, the computationally tractable expressions of the damped cubic response function are derived and implemented at the levels of Hartree-Fock and Kohn-Sham density functional theory. Numerical examples are provided in terms of studies of the intensity-dependent refractive index of para-nitroaniline and the two-photon absorption cross section of neon. For the latter property, a numerical comparison is made against calculations of the square of two-photon matrix elements that are identified from a residue analysis of the resonance-divergent quadratic response function.

Calculating vibrational spectra without determining excited eigenstates: Solving the complex linear equations of damped response theory for vibrational configuration interaction and vibrational coupled cluster states.

It is demonstrated how vibrational IR and Raman spectra can be calculated from damped response functions using anharmonic vibrational wave function calculations, without determining the potentially very many eigenstates of the system. We present an implementation for vibrational configuration interaction and vibrational coupled cluster, and describe how the complex equations can be solved using iterative techniques employing only real trial vectors and real matrix-vector transformations. Using this algorithm, arbitrary frequency intervals can be scanned independent of the number of excited states. Sample calculations are presented for the IR-spectrum of water, Raman spectra of pyridine and a pyridine-silver complex, as well as for the infra-red spectrum of oxazole, and vibrational corrections to the polarizability of formaldehyde.

Vibrational absorption spectra from vibrational coupled cluster damped linear response functions calculated using an asymmetric Lanczos algorithm

We report the theory and implementation of vibrational coupled cluster (VCC) damped response functions. From the imaginary part of the damped VCC response function the absorption as function of frequency can be obtained, requiring formally the solution of the now complex VCC response equations. The absorption spectrum can in this formulation be seen as a matrix function of the characteristic VCC Jacobian response matrix. The asymmetric matrix version of the Lanczos method is used to generate a tridiagonal representation of the VCC response Jacobian. Solving the complex response equations in the relevant Lanczos space provides a method for calculating the VCC damped response functions and thereby subsequently the absorption spectra. The convergence behaviour of the algorithm is discussed theoretically and tested for different levels of completeness of the VCC expansion. Comparison is made with results from the recently reported [P. Seidler, M. B. Hansen, W. Györffy, D. Toffoli, and O. Christiansen, J. Chem. Phys. 132, 164105 (2010)] vibrational configuration interaction damped response function calculated using a symmetric Lanczos algorithm. Calculations of IR spectra of oxazole, cyclopropene, and uracil illustrate the usefulness of the new VCC based method.

Quasienergy formulation of damped response theory

We present a quasienergy-based formulation of damped response theory where a common effective lifetime parameter has been introduced for all excited states in terms of complex excitation energies. The introduction of finite excited state lifetimes leads to a set of (complex) damped response equations, which have the same form to all orders in the perturbation. An algorithm is presented for solving the damped response equations in Hartree-Fock theory and Kohn-Sham density functional theory. The use of the quasienergy formulation allows us to obtain directly the computationally simplest expressions for damped response functions by applying a set of response parameter elimination rules, which minimize the total number of damped response equations to be solved. In standard response theory broadened absorption spectra are obtained by ad hoc superimposing lineshape functions onto the absorption stick spectra, whereas an empirical lineshape function common to all excitations is an integrated part of damped response theory. By superimposing the lineshape functions inherent in damped response theory onto the stick spectra of standard response theory, we show that the absorption spectra obtained in standard and damped response theory calculations are identical. We demonstrate that damped response theory may be applied to obtain absorption spectra in all frequency ranges, also those that are not readily addressed using standard response theory. This makes damped response theory an effective tool, e.g., for determining absorption spectra for large molecules, where the density of the excited states may be very high, and where standard response theory therefore is not applicable in practice. A thorough comparison is given between our formulation of damped response theory and the formulation by Norman et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 123, 194103 (2005)].