Dakar Conference Research Articles

AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF EARLY MARRIAGE AMONG PUPILS ON LEARNER RETENTION PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION IN KENYA, A CASE OF TURKANA COUNTY

The Dakar Conference of 2000 evaluated development in attaining Universal Primary Education (UPE) within the continent of African. An EFA target was established that is eradicating gender inequality in primary schools within the year 2005 and by 2015 be able to attain gender impartiality.Despite all efforts by governments, retention of pupils in primary schools is a major challenge to most governments in the world and in sub-Saharan Africa in particular. Among other social –cultural factors, early marriage among primary school going learners have had a negative impact on the Free Primary Education policy since its re-introduction in 2003 in Kenya. The country faces 23% early marriage among girls and might be a contributor factor in low learner retention in the country especially in Turkana County which has so far had the lowest retention in the county with 7.8% compared to 79.6% nationally. The purpose of this study was to have an exploratory factor analysis to understand why this situation has been experienced within the FPE policy in Kenya. The findings establishedthat girls are married early by young and old men who can afford paying dowry, payment of dowry has driven many girls to early marriage, and majority of early marriages are done according to the traditions of the community. It concluded that early marriage is predominant among the pastoralist communities in ASAL regions in Kenya and has had tremendous influence on learner retention in primary school education contributing negatively to the implementation and success of FPE policy.

Back to Dakar: Decolonizing international political economy through dependency theory

Whereas the field of International Political Economy (IPE) included a diversity of voices at its outset, histories of the field tend to marginalize certain contributions - particularly those from the Global South. The endeavor to decolonize IPE offers an opportunity to look back at IPE’s history, re-discover the marginalized voices, and imagine new possible futures. This article engages with contemporary calls to decolonize IPE and proposes an alternative route to do so by recovering dependency theory. We argue that dependency theory can be conceptualized as a peripheral IPE perspective that was committed to thinking from the Global South and to producing politically engaged scholarship just as the field was being formed. The article elaborates on the key tenets of dependency theory, contrasting it with mainstream IPE, and putting it in dialogue with decolonial approaches. To demonstrate the simultaneous non-Eurocentric, anti-colonial, and policy-oriented potential of dependency theory, we recover a foundational moment that disciplinary histories of IPE have forgotten: the 1972 Dakar conference, organized by Samir Amin, with the participation of leading Latin American and African dependency scholars.

Négritude et Amérique Latine: From the Black South Atlantic to the Third World

ABSTRACT In the second half of the twentieth century, during the rise of Third World internationalism, a series of conferences and festivals took place on both sides of the Atlantic, which were fundamental for the articulation of a Pan-African global community that linked the continent with its diaspora. These meetings provided spaces of encounter and circulation of ideas among artists and intellectuals, who were able to connect the struggles and emancipatory imagination of Afro-descendant peoples beyond national boundaries. This article focuses on the Négritude et Amérique latine conference, held in Dakar in 1974, under the ideological and political patronage of Léopold Sédar Senghor. It discusses the role of Négritude both as an ideological and political movement that sought to extend solidarity networks between Africans and Afro-descendants and served as ideological grounding of Senghorian politics. The author considers the Dakar conference as a trigger for an international cultural diplomacy articulated on the idea of a “racial fraternity” and Third World solidarity, which gain strength during the cold war in particular and constitutes a fundamental episode of the formation of the Global South not only as a geopolitical but also as a historical concept.

Qualité de l'éducation dans le secondaire public général en Côte d'Ivoire

Depuis la conférence de Dakar en 2000, la recherche d'une éducation de qualité est au coeur de nombreux programmes de gouvernements de pays africains. Ce besoin de qualité dans l'éducation est aujourd'hui plus que hier présent et pressant pour tous les cycles d'enseignement en Côte d'Ivoire. Dans le secondaire particuliêrement, le problême de qualité est perçu à travers les taux élevés d'abandon, les faibles taux de promotion et les faibles taux de réussite aux différents examens du BAC et du BEPC. Ce constat général, contraste cependant avec les résultats individuels de quelques établissements qui réalisent de bons résultats. Ce sont: les établissements d'excellence et certains de statut commun. Pourquoi alors, dans cette crise de dépréciation de la qualité de l'enseignement secondaire, ces établissements se distinguent-ils par la production de bons résultats? Nous avons donc dans sept établissements situés dans deux villes que sont Abidjan et Yamoussoukro analyser l'influence des facteurs de politiques d'efficacité interne des établissements d'excellence et de statut commun sur leurs performances. Les résultats de l'enquête montrent que les différences de performances entre établissements s'expliquent par les différences dans la manipulation de mêmes facteurs tels que : l'assiduité, le mode de gestion du temps d'apprentissage, l'encadrement des élêves, le matériel pédagogique et les équipements. Il ressort que les dispositions telles que l'internat, les cars écoles, l'intégration d'heures d'études surveillées dans les emplois du temps des élêves, les ratios élêves-classe et élêves-enseignant faibles et la disponibilité en quantité suffisante du matériel pédagogique sont les éléments de ces facteurs qui concourent à l'amélioration des performances des établissements et partant de leur efficacité interne.

True Confessions, End Papers and the Dakar conference: A review of the political arguments

As a social critic Breyten Breytenbach published two books of political commentary and political analysis during the mid-1980s without the opportunity of engaging with commentators at home. While True Confessions of an Albino Terrorist is part autobiography and part searing comment on prison life, End Papers is a more detached dissection of the major political and cultural issues confronting South Africa. Breytenbach was now one of the respected international voices on the political crisis in South Africa. The violent break-up of apartheid had changed Breytenbach’s social criticism. In the place of the earlier rejection and denunciation had come a willingness to engage and reason with his audience. The Dakar conference of 1987, which Breytenbach co-organised, offered an ideal opportunity for this. The conference was given wide publicity and was seen by some as the catalyst that broke the ice for the negotiations between the government and the ANC two and a half years later.

Transnational networks of administrating disease and urban planning in West Africa: the inter-colonial conference on yellow fever, Dakar, 1928

The organisation, guiding rationale and the conclusions of the conference on yellow fever that was held in Dakar in April 1928 provide us an insight on how inter-colonial networks for administrating disease and urban planning in sub-Saharan Africa operated. During the period of ‘empire building’ national rivalries were strengthened but at the same time there emerged international and inter-colonial coordination. This contemporary cooperation-cum-competition is well reflected in the Dakar conference, throwing some light on the meaning and implications of such transnational networks of scientific expertise. Against this background another issue will be discussed, residential segregation on a racial basis in British and French sub-Saharan Africa.

True Confessions, End Papers and the Dakar conference: A review of the political arguments

As a social critic Breyten Breytenbach published two books of political commentary and political analysis during the mid-1980s without the opportunity of engaging with commentators at home. While True Confessions of an Albino Terrorist is part autobiography and part searing comment on prison life, End Papers is a more detached dissection of the major political and cultural issues confronting South Africa. Breytenbach was now one of the respected international voices on the political crisis in South Africa. The violent break-up of apartheid had changed Breytenbach’s social criticism. In the place of the earlier rejection and denunciation had come a willingness to engage and reason with his audience. The Dakar conference of 1987, which Breytenbach co-organised, offered an ideal opportunity for this. The conference was given wide publicity and was seen by some as the catalyst that broke the ice for the negotiations between the government and the ANC two and a half years later.

Lifelong Learning for the African to Become a Twenty-First Century Person in the Global System

The Dakar Conference on Education organized by UNESCO in 1972 led to the formation of a commission on education chaired by Edgar Faure. In 1996 the commission released what later on became known as Delores’ Report on Education as a framework or philosophy on which member countries of UNESCO could base their education systems. The framework consists of four basic principles: Learning to be, Learning to know, Learning to do and Learning to live together. This article discusses how to learn to become a person from the home, to the school and throughout life (lifelong Learning) in Africa. The focus is on Africa because it is one continent where education does not seem to be making a significant impact, as it is doing in other parts of the world – preparing the people to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century

No shared vision for achieving Education for All: Turkey at risk

Turkey is still far from realizing any of the six EFA goals. Since the Dakar Conference there have been many policy initiatives aiming at improving the quality of Turkish education. The impact and effectiveness of those policy initiatives are yet to be evaluated. The deficit of high quality analytical and empirical research constitutes a major weakness. So does the level of attention on monitoring and evaluation from policymakers. The recent introduction of strategic planning and performance-based budgeting could promote more emphasis on evaluation and monitoring in the coming years. In addition, a transparent, overarching education policy could foster policy dialogue among stakeholders. Overall, this article draws attention to the following critical factors for the EFA success in Turkey: political and economic support for education reform; the need to adopt strategy-oriented sector policies; increased capacity and emphasis on evaluation and accountability of educational policy-making; the need for a new national impetus to improve quality in education.

Electronic In-Service Teacher-Training for the New National EFL Curriculum in Turkey.

A new national curriculum in all subject areas is about to be introduced in elementary schools in Turkey. The new curriculum is based on a “Constructivist” approach. This discussion paper focuses on the new curriculum for English as a foreign language, noting that teachers need information about the philosophy of the new curriculum and how its different elements support each other. The paper sets the curriculum reform in the context of international objectives in education such as the Dakar Conference, the Pisa project, Socrates programmes, the Common European Framework for Languages and the European Language Portfolio. The paper discusses the role of electronic learning in in-service training in both ongoing and one-shot teacher training programmes. The paper identifies four specific challenges and proposes solutions for a successful implementation of the new curriculum. The four challenges are how to make up the new curriculum comprehensible to teachers, how to help teachers develop their own materials, how to persuade teachers to participate in training process, and how to help teachers share their ideas.

Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series, May 1st–31st 2000 Published June 29th 2000

In This Issue Angola Tension with Zambia 13973 DR Congo Uganda‐Rwanda Clash 13975 Sierra Leone UN Held Hostage 13979 Sudan Turabi’s Power 13984 Africa‐UN Shoestring Peacekeeping 13989 Education Dakar Conference 13992ContentsContinental Alignments 13962Internal Developments 13964National Security 13973Military 13987Overseas Relations 13989Social and Cultural 13991Rates 13986Index 13994

The Role of Traditional Healers in the Fight Against AIDS in Africa

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary MedicineVol. 5, No. 3 PhotoessayThe Role of Traditional Healers in the Fight Against AIDS in AfricaJacqueline C. WoottonJacqueline C. WoottonSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:24 Sep 2007https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.1999.5.225AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 5Issue 3Jun 1999 InformationCopyright 1999, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.To cite this article:Jacqueline C. Wootton.The Role of Traditional Healers in the Fight Against AIDS in Africa.The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.Jun 1999.225-228.http://doi.org/10.1089/acm.1999.5.225Published in Volume: 5 Issue 3: September 24, 2007PDF download

The Dakar conference on Namibia and human rights

The international conference on "Namibia and Human Rights" that took place in Dakar, Senegal on 5 to 8 January 1976 was, to the best of my knowledge, the idea of dr Karel Vasak in his capacity as president of the International Institute of Human Rights of Strasbourg, France, who planned the conference - again to the best of my knowledge - in close collaboration with mr Seán MacBride, the United Nations Commissioner for Namibia. The Government of the Republic of Senegal acted as host for the conference, the conference was formally sponsored by mr Seán MacBride, and it was officially organized by the International Institute of Human Rights. The International Commission of Jurists and the International Association of Democratic Lawyers also lent their support to the organizers of the conference.