Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Research Articles

Pola Spasial Pergeseran Pusat Pertumbuhan Desa di Kabupaten Kulon Progo

Kulon Progo is a poorest district and has the highest development inequality in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) based on Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) publication. The local government has made various efforts to overcome the problems, one of which is by establishing growth centers since 2003. However, Kulon Progo Regency has experienced rapid development with the existence of Yogyakarta International Airport, which affected the dynamics of regional growth centers. The purpose of this study is to identify the potential Rural Growth Center (PPD) and identify the spatial patterns of PPD shifts in Kulon Progo to see the trickle down effect. This study used descriptive quantitative methods using scalogram index, centrality index, urban network analysis, and gravity index, also moran’s I index and Local Indicator Of Spatial Association (LISA). The results showed that there was a shift in rural growth centers, but the spatial analysis did not show any trickle down effect from rural growth centers that had been formed before. However, new centers were formed that were not related to the previous rural growth centers. These results indicates that the rural growth centers in Kulon Progo cannot have a growth effect on the surrounding area.

Development of Skeletal Ossification in Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus) from Juvenile to Adulthood

The climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) is a freshwater fish that can withstand highly unfavorable environments and stay out of the water for extended periods. Its anatomical characteristics showed terrestrial adaptation and terrestrial locomotion properties enable the use of climbing perch as an animal model. Moreover, its bone and cartilage profiles at different stages are crucial to improving the anatomical information for the osteogenesis model candidate. The current study aimed to illustrate the skeletal profiles of juvenile and adult climbing perch with the whole staining method. The samples included two adults and two juvenile climbing perch from Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The fish were euthanized using β-hydroxyethyl phenyl ether in a lethal dose. The skeleton was examined using the Alcian blue–Alizarin red whole staining, which revealed the bones and cartilage under the stereomicroscope. The result showed that the bone is the main skeleton. Cartilage was detected in the area surrounding the orbit in the adult climbing perch and in the pterotic, pterosphenoid, prootic, and distal end of the hypural, parhypural, and basal pectoral girdle in the juvenile climbing perch. Endochondral osteogenesis was found in juvenile to adult climbing perch.

The role of investment for poverty alleviation in Yogyakarta: Evidence from logit regression

This article discusses the Solow-Romet theory of economic growth, aiming to explain the relationship between household poverty in the Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) through investments in education, quality of life improvement, and health. The study examines various influence variables, including Non-Formal Education (XNF), Educational Scholarships (XBS), Protein Consumption (PK), Disease Prevention Costs (XL), Calorie Consumption (IK)), Health Insurance Variables (XAS ), and Food Security (XT) in assessing the poverty status of households in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in 2021. The estimation model employs a logit mode approach, using data from Susenas (National Socioeconomic) data for the Special Province of Yogyakarta, with a sample size of 4044 households. The findings of this study indicate that investments in non-formal education, school fees, and educational scholarships do not significantly affect family poverty status. However, increased investment in quality of life (such as calorie consumption) and health (including disease prevention and health insurance spending) will affect the poverty status of households in the Special Province of Yogyakarta in 2021.

Optimizing the Performance and Governance of MSMEs in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Through Digitalization

A significant feature of technology is its capacity to change the routines and behavior of business players, especially MSMEs actors. MSMEs players in the Special Area have been impacted by the Covid-19 outbreak and are now looking to the MSMEs sector for business opportunities. It is necessary to overcome the difficulty of attaining the digitization of MSMEs. The fact that the MSMEs actors are not fundamentally and mentally equipped is another problem. The study's objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of using digital literacy, e-commerce, and skills as a tactic to enhance MSMEs governance and performance. The main sources of data for the study were imaginative MSMEs Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta actors. The analytical unit of the study is the manager or owner of MSMEs in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. In this study, primary data are gathered by a questionnaire. The sample size was established using a simple proportionate random sampling approach. The AMOS SEM analysis tool and a sample of 20% of all MSMEs in each district and city of the Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta are used to achieve this. According to the study's findings, E-Commerce affects the MSMEs Governance, Digital Expertise affects MSMEs Governance and Performance, MSMEs Governance the performance of MSMEs. However, E-Commerce has no effect on the performance of MSMEs.

Monitoring the Diversity of Lizards and Snakes (Reptilia: Squamata), Along the Boyong-Code River Area, Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

A reptile is a group of animal consists of testudines, crocodiles, lizards, and snakes. Most reptiles are capable of occupying wide range of habitats with different environmental conditions. One of the preferred habitats for reptiles is a river. Boyong-Code River is one of the rivers that flow across the Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Research on the diversity of lizards and snakes in the Boyong-Code River has been done in 2012. This research aims to acquire new data on the diversity of herpetofauna in the Boyong-Code River and compare it with 2012 data research. The comparison purpose is to monitor the species diversity dynamics after 5 years. The data of herpetofauna diversity were acquired using a combination of several methods, i.e., VES (Visual Encounter Survey), riverbank cruising, and transect. Sampling areas in 2012 and 2017 were divided into three locations, i.e., upstream, midstream, and downstream. Species diversity of lizards and snakes in the Boyong-Code River in 2017 consists of eight species of lizards (lacertilians: squamates: reptiles) and four species of snakes (serpents: squamates: reptiles). Species diversity dynamics were equal for lizards in 2012 and 2017; meanwhile, there were more species of snakes in 2012 compared to 2017.
 Keywords: monitoring, diversity, lizards, snakes, reptiles, squamates, boyong-code river, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Optimalisasi Penataan Lumbung Mataraman dalam Mendukung Kawasan Wisata Edukasi Terpadu Padukuhan Ngalian, Desa Widodomartani

Lumbung Mataraman is a program initiated by the Provincial Government of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta to fulfill the community's food needs through home gardens. This program is also directed to become an alternative tourist destination with local potential. Lumbung Mataraman is managed by Women Farmers Group (Kelompok Wanita Tani or KWT) Mekar and as part of Empon-empon Village. Location of the activities takes place in Ngalian, Widodomartani Village, D.I. Yogyakarta. The arrangement of Lumbung Mataram aims to arrange the layout of the land according to its function and enhance its appearance. The output is Lumbung Mataram KWT Mekar site plan. The site plan creation process follows landscape design procedures involving site inventory or collecting existing data; analysis of site potential and problems; synthesis or problem-solving; and the development of design concepts and design. The rearrangement of Lumbung Mataraman remains the same as its existing function but focuses on maximizing the utilization of existing potential and adding aesthetic value. The results of this activity are to optimize the function of Lumbung Mataram as a provider of food needs and to support the integrated educational tourism area.

Geometric anisotropic Semi-variogram analysis of ozone levels in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Identification of areas with high O3 levels that pose a risk to public health is necessary. Ordinary co-kriging is a geostatistical method that determines the value of primary variables at specific locations using weighted values of secondary parameters. A Semi-variogram is required to demonstrate the spatial correlation between the observations measured using this method. This study aims to determine the best Semi-variogram model and produce a map of the predicted O3 level interpolation results using the ordinary co-kriging method with a geometric anisotropic Semi-variogram. Data from the first quarter of 2018’s air quality monitoring in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) were used to interpolate O3 levels, with 72 points for CO levels and 53 points for O3 levels. The results showed that the Semi-variogram model with the lowest mean error (ME) value is a gaussian model that differs from the spherical model by only 0.003. The Gaussian model has the lowest root mean squared error (RMSE), but it is only 0.002 different from the spherical model. However, by comparing the mean squared deviation ratio (MSDR) values of the three models, the spherical model’s MSDR value is the lowest. A comprehensive analysis showed that the spherical geometric anisotropic Semi-variogram model performed superior, resulting in the smallest minimum mean error (ME), root mean square error (RMSE) and minimum squared deviation ratio (MSDR) values. These findings highlight the potential of this approach to accurately map the spatial distribution of O3 and support evidence-based decision-making related to public health.

EXPLORING INFORMATION MEDIA PREFERENCES AMONG GOAT AND SHEEP FARMERS : A CASE STUDY IN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE

Goats and sheep are small ruminants with positive growth values in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province (DIY). Goats and sheep development in DIY is necessary since these two livestock might be profitable to farmers. Information media have a significant role in disseminating knowledge and innovation to farmers quickly and effectively. However, information access fulfillment for the farmers is the weakness of livestock development. The aims of this research are to analyze farmers’ information media preferences and the factors influencing them. The information media in this study are dummy, namely person media with code zero (0) and ICT media with code one (1). The data was collected through a survey method that involved face-to-face structured questionnaire interviews to goat and sheep farmers in DIY who have at least one year of experience raising goat and or sheep. Farmers in DIY used personal media as their primary information source (86.42%), with fellow farmers being the most popular choice among farmers. Only 13.58% of farmers choose ICTs, with mobile phones being the preferred ICT over computers, radio, and television. The preference for using ICT is influenced by farmer characteristics: age (p < 0.01), livestock experience (p < 0.05), costs (p < 0.1), and ICT number (p < 0.05). Information dissemination using ICT media will be more appropriate for young farmers who are just starting their business.

The Role of Women in Managing Protein Food in Households of Stunting Case in Kulonprogo

Food is a basic need of human life, so any problems around food are very complex. One of the things that have changed is the awareness of protein consumption, both animal and vegetable sources. Lifestyle changes also contribute to changing people's consumption behavior at various social levels. In addition, the role of women in family food management, especially decision-making in purchasing, serving, and consuming food is also influential. Economic limitations are a problem in fulfilling nutrition or diverse food consumption habits, families with stunted toddlers tend not to like diverse foods, especially vegetables and foods derived from protein. Stunting is usually also found in families whose protein consumption is relatively low, either animal protein (meat, eggs, milk, etc.) or vegetable protein (tofu, tempeh, etc.). Kulonprogo is a district in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (Yogyakarta Special Region) that participates in efforts to prevent stunting. According to the 2019 Indonesian Toddler Nutrition Status Survey (ITNSS) data, the stunting rate in Yogyakarta Special Region was 21.0 percent and in 2021 it fell by 17.3 percent. Efforts need to be made to reduce this condition from year to year. This study seeks to approach the problem-solving of this condition. The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of women in managing protein food in households with stunting cases. The study was approached with the behavior of women in purchasing animal and vegetable protein foods in Kulonprogo. The result of the research showed that together the factors of household’s income, women's income, women's age, women's education, number of household members, number of children under five in the family, and information dummy had a significant effect on protein consumption by 52.4% and 47.6% influenced by other factors outside the model. Partially, the most influential factors in protein consumption are household’s income and women's income.

TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR: THE LITERATURE STUDY FOR SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION

In line with the sustainable development goals (SDGs), the entrepreneurial development model improves sustainability through sustainable entrepreneurship. The targeted segment to understand sustainability issues is entrepreneurs because their activities exacerbate the risk to environmental sustainability. Thus, the target achieved is community behavior towards sustainable development so that the emphasis of this concept is in the scope of citizenship behavior to build awareness of sustainable development. Therefore, a model was developed to foster sustainable entrepreneurial citizenship behavior (SECBs) among candidate entrepreneurs in Kulon Progo region, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. This research is designed as a literature study that involves journals and articles in constructing the research model in line with sustainability issues. It involves seven constructs e.g., regional government support, sustainability entrepreneurial orientation, sustainability value, sustainability attitude, recognize opportunity, sustainable entrepreneurial intention, and SECBs. Totally 56 indicators are identified as tools for measuring seven constructs which will be followed up as instruments in the next study. The result serves as a foundation for the next study and information in developing entrepreneurship education. It relates to achieving the SDGs-4 in ensuring quality education and SDGs-8 in fostering decent work and economic growth.

GOVERNMENT VERSUS COMMUNITIES: PROVISION OF LOW-INCOME COMMUNITY HOUSING IN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

Post-pandemic recovery in various sectors makes state and regional budget allocations unreliable for developing the housing sector. Even though the public's needs for housing continue to increase, coupled with the issue of limited land availability. To overcome that, the government began working to develop alternative financing for the housing sector through non-government funding, with the main target being the low-income community. Non-government funding is a non-conventional financing mechanism for infrastructure procurement through stakeholder collaboration. Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta faces several issues regarding housing provisions for low-income communities. This research explores the prospects of implementing non-government schemes for low-income housing development through a comparative analysis between the community's willingness and ability and the policy stakeholder's capacity, potential trends, and future policy direction. The approach used in this research is deductive mixed methods, employing data collection through questionnaires to assess the willingness and ability of the community, as well as the Delphi method through expert interviews. This study reveals several disparities between the community's willingness and ability and the government's capacity as a provider. On the other hand, non- government funding for low-income housing is prospective in the long term, with specific considerations and preconditions. The result of this research is that by improving coordination between the community and the government, coupled with efforts to enhance mutual understanding and more effective communication between the two parties, holds the potential to advance the funding prospects for low-income housing development in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. However, it requires a considerable amount of time under specific conditions.

Pendidikan Perkoperasian "Dasar Perkoperasian, Kelembagaan Koperasi dan Usaha Koperasi" Bagi Calon Anggota di SMK Koperasi, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

The number of cooperatives in Indonesia continues to increase rapidly, but there are still many cooperative members and employees who do not understand the principles of cooperatives, so many cooperatives are not active. One of the cooperatives in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta is the Employee Cooperative at SMK Cooperative, Yogyakarta. The Community Service Team provides guidance in the form of material regarding the basics of cooperatives, cooperative institutions, and cooperative businesses so that prospective members can participate better and employees work more actively to improve their performance. Some of the cooperative theories provided in this Community Service activity are basic cooperatives, definition of cooperatives, foundation, principles and objectives for establishing cooperatives, cooperative principles, characteristics of cooperatives, types of cooperatives, and business activities in cooperatives. In practice, there needs to be a strengthening of prospective members so that they have strong motivation to cooperate. It is hoped that educational development for employees and prospective members will be able to contribute to all levels of management, employees, and members.

Effect of Infrastructure Development on the Rate GDRP in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province in 2012-2022

Economic growth is an indicator of the success of a country's development. On a regional scale, economic growth parameters can be seen from the growth of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita. DIY Province is one of Indonesia's provinces designated as a National Tourism Strategic Area (KSPN) by the Ministry of Tourism. Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) is a tourist destination with high economic productivity. This, of course, must be supported by the availability of adequate infrastructure. Therefore, this research aims to determine the effect of road, electricity, and water infrastructure development on GRDP rates in DIY Province. The data that has been obtained is analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of this research show that the development of road infrastructure and electricity significantly influences the rate of GRDP in DIY Province. Meanwhile, the development of clean water infrastructure does not significantly affect the rate of GRDP.

Perception Towards Illness and Health Care System: A Survey among Heart Disease Patients in Public Hospital in Yogyakarta Province

Introduction: Heart disease is still a major concern in the Indonesian health sector. Wrong perceptions of heart disease are a significant barrier to preventing and controlling heart disease. This study aims to determine the illness and health care system perception in heart disease patients at Government Hospital Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Method: This study was analytic observational with a cross-sectional design with sampling using a convenience sampling technique. Data collection used a questionnaire method with direct interviews with patients. Data analysis used Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Chi-Square tests. Result: The results obtained 108 patients consisting of 51 men and 57 women. Based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, 88.89% of patients had a good perception of illness, and 56.48% had a good perception of the healthcare system. Chi-Square test analysis showed sociodemographic variables associated with illness perception were total family income monthly (p=0.000) and duration of heart disease (p=0.021). In contrast, the perception of the health care system is related to the variables of age (p=0.001) and educational status (p=0.002). Conclusion: The heart disease patients in Government Hospital Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta have an excellent perception of illness and the healthcare system. Patients' perceptions will increase if patient knowledge and hospital service quality are improved.

Effect Momming Guide Kangoroe Mother Care Skin to Skin Contact on the Body Weight on Low Birth Weight

BACKGROUND: Babies are children who are in the age range 0–12 months. Infancy is the first phase of human life, which at this time requires adaptation to the environment. Low birth weight (LBW) is a newborn who has a birth weight of <2500 g (up to 2499 g). Babies with LBW will have an impact in the long term in the future that will affect the quality of the nation’s next generation. General management of infants with LBW is very necessary to prevent complications. General management that can be given to infants with LBW is maintaining body weight by weighing daily and monitoring nutritional intake. One of the actions that can be given to babies with LBW is using the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) method. KMC method of treatment is a skin to skin contact therapy, namely, conduction heat transfer from mother to baby so that the baby remains warm and stable so that it will increase the baby’s weight. Researchers are interested in taking the title “The Effect of Momming Guide Kanggoroe Mother Care Skin To Skin Contact on Body Weight in LBW in Puskesmas Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.” AIM: To find out the effect of Momming Guide Kanggoroe Mother Care Skin To Skin Contact on Body Weight in LBW in Puskesmas Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta METHODS: Quasi experimental research type with the design of “Pre-test Post-test with Control Group Design.” Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling with the criteria of parents (mothers) who have babies with LBW at the Yogyakarta Special Public Health Center. Data were analyzed analytically using t-test and Wilcoxon with a significant level of 0.05. RESULTS: The difference in the weight of newborns with the 1st month and the 2nd month with the 3rd month there is a difference with the value of p = 0.00 (<0.05). While the difference in body weight in the 1st and 2nd month, there was a difference with p = 0.005 (< 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is an effect of Momming Guide Kanggoroe Mother Care Skin To Skin Contact on Body Weight in LBW in Puskesmas Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.

Institutional Synergy in Diffusion and Adoption of Agricultural Technology in Farming Communities in Bantul District, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

The process of diffusion and adoption of agricultural technology can be realized properly if it is supported by the synergy of agricultural institutions and from farming actors. The existence of farmer groups and farmer cooperatives as part of agricultural institutions that are under one roof, is an important forum for farmers in overcoming various problems. The aims of the research were to find out the synergy between agricultural institutions in the diffusion of agricultural technology in farming communities in Bantul Regency, DIY and to find out the level of adoption of agricultural technology by farming communities in Bantul Regency, DIY. The research method was carried out in a descriptive qualitative manner. Data was collected by interviewing cooperative management, farmer groups and farmers with the help of a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by rating scale. From the research results it is known that the diffusion of agricultural technological innovations is carried out in synergy and in stages from the government through the Ministry of Agriculture, the agricultural service, Bank Indonesia, universities, PPL to the management of farmer groups to be disseminated to members. Farmers' cooperatives function as providers of capital, infrastructure such as seeds, subsidized and non-subsidized fertilizers, pesticides and medicines. Meanwhile, farmer groups function as providers of labor and modern agricultural equipment. The level of farmer adoption of agricultural technological innovations is in the good category with a score of 78.

Determination of Boron Concentration at Sausage Samples with Distillation of Ester Borane Method using Fluorescence Spectrophotometry

The study of borax contamination in food samples was successfully analyzed. This study used sausage samples using the Fluorescence Spectrophotometry method. Sausage samples were from Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). This study used 4 sausage samples. The samples were given labels A, B, C, and D. The steps of the research were optimation of distillation time, optimation of catalyst, optimation of solvent, and then followed by analyzing the borax concentration on sausage samples. Based on this study, the optimum distillation time was 24 hours. On the other hand, the best catalysts and solvents were sulphuric acid and ethanol. The A and B samples contained borax contamination and the concentration was under 5 ppm. The C and D samples contained borax contamination and the concentration was above 5 ppm. The conclusions were that A and B samples were not given borax addition and C and D samples were given borax addition.

Developing Website in Kawedan Village, Bangunkerto, Turi, Sleman

Abstract. Padukuhan Kawedan is located in Bangunkerto village, Subdistrict Turi, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The people in Kawedan are a transitional population, already developed; the older generations work as farmers; many younger generations have already studied at least at the senior high school level; and some are in universities. The kampong environment is clean and green. It has five rukun tetangga and active community-based organizations. Kawedan has 2 schools and 2 mosques. 50% of the population are farmers, and the rest work in the private sector and as civil servants. 70% of the population is of productive age, and the rest are elderly. The COVID-19 pandemic that hit Kawedan in early 2020 has had quite a big effect on Kawedan’s economy. It hit the microbusinesses, postponing the launch of the tourism village in Kawedan. The community service team feels that developing a community website based on Kawedan village will help to recover the situation. With a sufficient number of educated young people, we believe the maintenance of the village website will be in good hands.

Informal Islamic Education for Minority Muslims: Lessons from Chinese Ethnic Minority Muslims in Yogyakarta

The Chinese ethnic minority Muslim community is a cultural entity that represents two social crisis poles. This fact motivates them to practice the informal Islamic education method while keeping their religious, social, and cultural backgrounds in mind. This article aims to comprehend and investigate the method of informal Islamic education in Yogyakarta's Chinese ethnic minority Muslim community. This study is a type of field research using a descriptive-analytical case study method. The primary data sources were the DIY (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta) Chinese Muslim Association of Indonesia's board of directors, members, and the community. Scientific literature and organizational documents are examples of secondary data sources. This study's data collection uses in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation techniques. According to the findings of this study, education with the vision of Islam as raḥmah li al-‘ālamīn takes place in informal environment settings such as the family, community, and society. This vision is translated into various methods behind informal Islamic education in Yogyakarta's ethnic Chinese Muslim minority community.

Protein Consumption In Communities Affected By Stunting In Daerah istimewa Yogyakarta

Inadequate protein consumption is characterized by a low intake of energy and proteinous foods, leading to stunted growth and negative public health outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors influencing consumer behavior in purchasing animal and vegetable proteinous foods in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY), as well as to analyze the relationship between protein consumption and these influentialfactors. A quantitative design was used along with a survey approach, involving both primary and secondary data. The study participants were selected using a non-probability sampling method. Data were collected through observations, interviews, literature studies, and documentations. Multiple linear regression analysis, including covariate tests, was then used for analysis. The results of the research showed that household income, the income of women, the number of family members, the number of children under the age of five, the age of women, and the distance from the house to the nearest shop/minimarket had a significant impact on protein consumption among households with stunted children in DIY. Furthermore, Gunung Kidul, Kulon Progo, and Sleman districts had protein consumption of <1 million Indonesian Rupiah (IDR), while Bantul Regency and Yogyakarta Municipality were >1 million IDR.