DAB System Research Articles

Optimized Design and Fast-Dynamic Control for ISOP-Connected Hybrid CLLC-DAB System With Partial Power Processing Property

Optimized Design and Fast-Dynamic Control for ISOP-Connected Hybrid <i>CLLC</i>-DAB System With Partial Power Processing Property

Integrable discretizations of AB system and multi-soliton solutions

Different integrable discretizations of AB system are proposed in this paper. Discrete AB (dAB) system and two different versions of semi-discrete AB (sdAB) systems are obtained by discretization of associated Lax pair of continuous integrable AB system. Discrete multiple soliton solutions are constructed for dAB system and sdAB systems by applying Darboux transformation. In order to explain our construction we also computed discrete single and double soliton solutions for dAB and sdAB systems. Dynamics of one discrete bright and dark soliton solution and interaction of two discrete bright-bright and dark-dark soliton solutions for dAB system have been presented.

Abstract 3484: Analysis of in situ expression of hormone receptors and proliferation marker at a single cell level in breast cancer tissues

Abstract Background: Hormone receptors and proliferation markers are critical parameters for treatment selection of breast cancer patients. The expression of different parameters are currently assessed separately in different tissue sections but it is unclear how different parameters are co-expressed in a single cell in breast cancer tissues. Samples and Methods: Breast cancer tissues from fifty-one patients with ER-positive HER2-negative breast cancer were analyzed. Expressions of ER and PgR were assessed in association with Ki67 using dual fluorescence immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies: SP-1 (abcam, Tokyo), 1E2 (Roche Diagnostics GmBH, Germany), and MIB1 (Dako Japan, Tokyo), respectively. More than 500 cancer cells were assessed in each tissue. Expression levels of each marker in a single cell were semi-quantitatively assessed by MetaMorph image analyzer (Molecular Devices Japan, Tokyo). All statistical analyses were performed using JMP ver.8.01 (SAS Institute Japan, Tokyo). Results: To validate the system, Ki67 LI in breast cancer tissues were compared between this system and the regular DAB system. The two systems showed a good concordance (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). All cancer tissues expressed ER. There were two distinct populations among Ki67-positive proliferating cells according to PgR expression status: PgR-positive proliferating cells and PgR-negative proliferating cells. Since cell proliferation is regulated in cancer cells by at least two different drivers including hormone receptor and growth factor, it is conceivable that these two populations depend on different driving systems. Indeed, tissues with dominantly PgR-positive proliferating cells showed mostly histological grade 1 (15/20, 75%), while most of tissues with PgR-negative proliferating cells showed grade 2 and 3 (22/31, 71%) (p = 0.0025 by chi square test). Moreover, the multivariate analysis using the ordered logistic regression analysis showed that PgR status in proliferating cells is an independent factor associated with histological grade (p = 0.003) while PgR expression rate and Ki67 LI were not (p = 0.3 and 0.25, respectively). Conclusion: PgR status in Ki67-positive proliferating cells is associated with histological grade in ER positive HER2-negative breast cancers. Our results suggest that different driving systems give different expression patterns of PgR and Ki67 at a single cell level, which may distinguish between luminal A and luminal B cancers. Citation Format: Takayuki Ueno, Hirotsugu Isaka, Hiroki Itoh, Kaisuke Miyamoto, Manami Kitamura, Shigeru Imoto. Analysis of in situ expression of hormone receptors and proliferation marker at a single cell level in breast cancer tissues. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3484.

DAB 환경에서 DRM+를 활용한 고 간섭지역 해결 방안

Recently, broadcasting environment is dramatically changed due to adopt digital method in broadcasting technology. numerous country is adopting technology for converting analog to digital. However, in the case of South Korean, standard is still indefinite. In this paper, when it broadcast using DAB system, in oder to avoid interference caused by the frequency resource shortage, DAB system is substituted narrow bandwidth DRM+ system. Therefore it considers the way that solve interference. Interference analysis simulation result shows to solve high interference area in DAB environment

전국 SFN을 고려한 DAB 시스템의 채널 배치 방안

전국 SFN을 고려한 DAB 시스템의 채널 배치 방안

터보부호화된 새로운 T-DMB 시스템 제안 및 성능 분석

Eureka 147 디지털오디오방송(DAB) 시스템은 CD 품질의 오디오 전송을 위하여 유럽에서 개발되었으나 한국에서는 이러한 DAB 시스템을 기반으로 하여 오디오뿐 만 아니라 비디오 신호도 전송할 목적으로 지상파 디지털 멀티미디어방송(T-DMB) 시스템을 개발하였다. 이러한 T-DMB 시스템의 성능 향상을 목적으로 본 논문에서는 양립성을 위해 기존 T-DMB 시스템 표준안에 정의된 펑쳐링 절차와 평처링 벡터를 이용하면서 터보 부호가 적용된 2가지 형태의 새로운 터보부호화된 T-DMB 시스템 모델을 제시한다. 첫 번째 모델 (Type 1)은 기존의 RS 코드, 콘볼류션 인터리빙, RCPC 코드를 터보코드로 대체시킨 것이며 두 번째 모델(Type 2)은 기존 RCPC 만을 터보부호로 대체시킨 모델이다. 시뮬레이션 결과 제안된 모델은 단지 2회 반복만으로도 상당한 성능 향상을 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있었으며 또한 두 번째 모델은 첫 번째 모델에 비해 약간 우수한 성능을 보이고 있다. The DAB system was designed to provide CD quality audio and data services for fixed, portable and mobile applications with the required BER below <TEX>$10^{-4}$</TEX>. However for the T-DMB system with the video service of MPEG-4 stream, BER should go down <TEX>$10^{-8}$</TEX> by adding FEC blocks which consist of the Reed-Solomon (RS) encoder/decoder and convolutional interleaver/deinterleaver. In this paper we propose two types of turbo coded T-DMB system without altering the puncturing procedure and puncturing vectors defined in the standard T-DMB system for compatibility. One(Type 1) can replace the existing RS code, convolutional interleaver and RCPC code by a turbo code and the other one (Type 2) can substitute the existing RCPC code by a turbo code. Simulation results show that two new turbo coded systems are able to yield considerable performance gain after just 2 iterations. Type 2 system is better than type 1 but the amount of performance improvement is small.

Low complexity radix-4 butterfly design for the soft-decision Viterbi decoder

This study presents a new radix-4 butterfly design for Viterbi decoders. The branch symmetry of the proposed radix-4 butterfly is exploited to design a low-complexity radix-4 butterfly module to simplify the implementation of the soft-decision Viterbi decoder. By exploiting the branch symmetry, only a half of branch metrics need to be computed, while other metrics can be derived from the computed branches. Therefore, the branch metric computation of the radix-4 butterfly can be reduced by a factor of 2. Considering the convolutional code in the DAB system as an example, experimental results indicate that the proposed radix-4 butterfly design can reduce the number of FPGA slices of the radix-4 butterfly module by 24% over the conventional design.

Multi-Antenna Scheme for High Capacity Transmission in the Digital Audio Broadcasting

In this paper, we apply multi-antenna scheme to DAB system for high-rate transmission. In the MIMO-DAB system with a number of transmitting and receiving antennas increases the transmission rate efficiently with low multiplication operations. For channel estimation in the MIMO-DAB system, we propose a new PRS structure and evaluate the channel estimation performance. The proposed PRS structure can estimate multi-channel information based on the semi-blind processing. The performance of proposed PRS is compared with that of conventional training sequence employing Tarokh's transmission matrix. And also we investigate the performance limitation due to the imperfect channel estimation in a MIMO-DAB receiver. It has been shown that the MIMO-DAB system with multi-antennas can achieve the high-rate transmission for multimedia broadcasting and the performance of MIMO-DAB system is impaired by imperfect channel information.

Development of terrestrial DMB transmission system based on Eureka-147 DAB system

This paper introduces T-DMB transmission system in Korea based on Eureka-147 DAB and presents a new architecture of transmission system for digital multimedia services. For transmission of the digital multimedia contents in mobile environment by using the existing DAB, we developed a T-DMB processor which performs T-DMB encoding and insertion of the media stream into the existing DAB transmission system. After the implemented T-DMB processor can be connected to the front of the commercial Eureka-J47 DAB system, and the performance of the T-DMB system is confirmed through the T-DMB experimental broadcasting in Korea.

IGF-1 and insulin receptor expression in the minor salivary gland tissues of Sjögren's syndrome and mucoceles--immunohistochemical study.

To investigate the expression of IGF-1 receptors and insulin receptors on the minor salivary gland (MSG) tissues of patients diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and normal salivary gland tissue surrounding mucoceles. Five MSG tissue sections from SS and seven from mucocele patients were stained immunohistochemically using antibody to IGF-1 receptor and insulin receptor in a horse radish peroxidase and DAB system. The expression of the insulin receptor was increased in the SS sections compared with controls, while the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor was more intensely expressed in the controls. The presence of differential expression of receptors for IGF and insulin might suggest a possible role of these growth factors in the pathogenesis of SS.

Joint synchronization in Eureka 147 DAB system based on abrupt phase change detection

We present a joint symbol, frame, and carrier synchronization method for the Eureka 147 DAB signal. Symbol timing is determined first by detecting an abrupt change in the phase angle of the complex product between the last quarter of a useful symbol and its cyclic extension in the guard interval. The detection of this abrupt change is based an the maximal likelihood (hit) principle. Frequency offset of fractional carrier spacing is estimated from the phase angle of the autocorrelation after symbol timing is estimated. Coarse frame synchronization and null symbol detection can also be achieved through this correlation information. Frequency offset of integral carrier spacing is determined from the convolution outputs between a received phase reference symbol and several locally generated but frequency-shifted phase reference symbols. We found the length of a guard interval is the most important parameter for the synchronization algorithm to work. Simulation results show that the performance of this synchronization method approaches to the ideal synchronization case in both an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and a two-path Rayleigh fading channel.

Design and implementation of a DAB channel decoder

This paper describes the design of the de-interleaver and punctured Viterbi decoder for the Eureka-147 DAB system and their corresponding VLSI implementations. We emphasize how to efficiently handle four DAB transmission modes, time/frequency de-interleaving and path metric/survivor memory management in our development. Results show that our implementation has the characteristics of modular design, consuming less silicon area, and facilitating the extension for high transmission rate requirement. The core size of the resulting chip implementation is 4990/spl times/4930 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ based on the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.6 /spl mu/m single-polysilicon-triple-metal CMOS process.

Performance evaluation of COFDM for digital audio broadcasting. II. Effects of HPA nonlinearities

For pt. I see ibid. vol.43, no.1, p.64-75, 1997. The effects of the high power amplifier (HPA) nonlinearities on the performance of the Eureka 147 DAB system are studied by computer simulation. The performance is determined for three types of HPA: a travelling wave tube amplifier (TWTA), a solid state power amplifier (SSPA) and a perfectly linearized amplifier (PLA). Two related performance criteria are used: (a) the degradation, resulting from HPA nonlinearities, in the E/sub b//N/sub 0/ ratio required at the receiver to maintain a bit error rate of 10/sup -4/ and (b) the total power degradation. These degradations are measured as a function of the HPA output backoff (OBO). The effect, on the E/sub b//N/sub 0/ degradation, of linearizing only the phase or only the amplitude transfer characteristic of the TWTA and the SSPA is also assessed. Correcting the phase distortion alone in both HPAs is found to reduce the E/sub b//N/sub 0/ degradation by less than 0.5 dB. Linearization of the amplitude characteristic alone, on the other hand, can reduce the E/sub b//N/sub 0/ degradation by several dBs at small OBO values (<2 dB). The optimum output backoff which minimizes the total power degradation is between 2 and 3 dB for both the TWTA and the SSPA in a terrestrial mobile channel and between 1 and 2 dB in an AWGN channel. The optimum output backoff for the PLA is 2 dB in the terrestrial channel and between 1 and 2 dB in the AWGN channel. At the optimal operation point, the power saved by linearizing the amplitude and phase characteristics of the TWTA or the SSPA is about 0.6 dB for the terrestrial mobile channel and 0.4 dB for the AWGN channel.

Performance analysis of a COFDM/FM in-band digital audio broadcasting system

In this paper, we present a performance analysis of a coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DAB system that is power multiplexed over a commercial FM station. We model the mobile channel with a time-frequency scattering function. Results show that the performance of the FM demodulator is crucial, since the level of the residual FM signal has a strong influence on the BER performance of the COFDM system. As with other mobile communication systems, the use of interleaving greatly enhances the performances.

The worldspace programme: The first dab satellite service for the world

AbstractThe WorldSpace satellite DAB system will provide by 1998‐1999 dozens of high quality radio channels accessible to a potential audience of 4 billion people world‐wide who currently receive with various kinds of difficulty and limitations terrestrial radio programming. The system will consist of geostationary satellites, low cost radio receivers called StarMan™, and the associated ground control networks. The system will use state‐of‐the‐art digital audio coding techniques and, on board the satellite, baseband processing technology. This paper presents the overall description, performance and industrial organiazation of the system.

Planning aspects of satellite and terrestrial digital sound broadcasting

AbstractDAB is one of the most promising sound broadcasting techniques for the future. It will soon start terrestrial operations, and later on will be used for satellite broadcasting.The Eureka 147 DAB system is based on a set of well‐demonstrated techniques, in particular the MUSICAM coding, adopted by MPEG, and OFDM modulation. It allows great spectrum efficiency, profiting from the single frequency network concept, one of the most interesting characteristics of the system.However, frequency problems remain a difficulty, as DAB must either examine the possibility of entering existing heavily used frequency bands or wait until the new frequency bands allocated by WARC 92 become fully available.For terrestrial broadcasting, most interested operators, broadcasters and manufacturers are convinced that appropriate solutions will be found and that DAB will start operational services from about 1996. In Europe, a CEPT planning conference will address the matter in 1995.Satellite broadcasting may come later. Short wave broadcasters examine possibilities to replace short waves, the quality of which is so poor, by digital satellite broadcasting. From the frequency spectrum point of view, this raises the difficulty of sharing frequency allocations with terrestrial applications.