Cytotoxicity Of Methanolic Extract Research Articles

Evaluation of phytochemical, antibacterial, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity profile of Achyranthes aspera aerial part extracts

This investigation was designed and performed to compare the phytochemical profiling, activities of antibacterial, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity of methanol extract (ME-E) and aqueous extract (AQ-E) of aerial parts of Achyranthes aspera through in-vitro approach. Also characterize the functional groups of bioactive compounds in the ME-E through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis. Interestingly, qualitative phytochemical screening proved that the ME-E contain more number of vital phytochemicals such as phenolics. saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, and phlobatannins than AQ-E. Similarly, the ME-E showed notable antibacterial activity as dose dependent manner against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 1000 μg mL−1 concentration. ME-E also showed 75.2 ± 2% of clot lysis (thrombolytic activity) at 1000 μg mL−1 dosage and it followed by AQ-E 51.24 ± 3%. The ME-E showed moderate and AQ-E demonstrate poor anti-inflammatory activity evidenced by albumin denaturation inhibition and anti-lipoxygenase assays. Furthermore, the ME-E demonstrated a dose dependent cytotoxicity was noted against brine shrimp larvae. In support of this ME-E considerable activities, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed that this extract contain more number peaks attributed to the stretch of various essential functional groups belongs to different bioactive compounds. Hence this ME-E of A. aspera can be considered for further in depth scientific investigations to validate their maximum biomedical potential.

Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial and Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Methanolic Extract of Filicium Decipiens Leaves

Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial and Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Methanolic Extract of Filicium Decipiens Leaves

Bioassay-guided Isolation of Flavonoids from Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxicity.

Cancer is one of the most important causes of death all around the world. Screening plants and their secondary metabolites as cytotoxic agents is one of the common methods for identifying new compounds used in chemotherapy and inhibition cancer process. Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. from the Fabaceae family was used for improving wound, fever, tumor, hydrocele, hernia, smallpox, toothache, inflammation, and as astringent, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, and antimalarial agent in traditional medicine. A bioassay-guided study of this species led to the isolation of three flavonoids. At first, the cytotoxicity of methanol extract of aerial parts (leaves and stems), seeds, and legumes of this plant was tested against MCF-7 and PC-3 by MTT assay. The methanol extract of legumes showed better inhibitory activities (IC50 < 500 µg/mL). As a result, this extract was selected for fractionation. In the next step, the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction was selected for phytochemical analysis based on the inhibitory activity (IC50 = 170 ± 0.9 µg/mL). In this way, total phenol content (625 ± 7.2 GAE/g extract) and antioxidant activity (IC50 = 6.1 ± 0.3 µg/mL) was compared by BHT (IC50 = 13.5 ± 0.7 µg/mL). Finally, three compounds including, quercetin-3-methyl ether (1), kaempferol (2), and kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-1→2)-β-D-xylopyranoside (3) were isolated from EtOAc fraction, and all isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity and compound 1 showed better inhibitory activity than other two compounds. This study suggests that Caesalpinia bonduc could be considered for further investigations as a natural source of biological compounds.

Flower of Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) J.F Pruski from Aceh, Indonesia: Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity on HeLa Cells

This study evaluated antioxidant and cytotoxicity of methanol extract from flowers of Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) J.F. Pruski. Phytochemical Screening of the flowers exhibited the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, phenol, saponin, steroid and absent of tannin. The flowers extract also showed good source of antioxidant with an IC50 value of 19.072 μg/ml which was categorized in the range of strong antioxidant activity (<150 ppm). Cytotoxic activity of the flowers against HeLa cell line was found to 331.287 (LC50) or 83% inhibition. The results might suggest/support the flower of S,trilobata as source of natural antioxidant. However, further study about in vivo antioxidant and lethal dose of this sample are recommended.

Evaluation of anticancer, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of methanol extract of three Acantholimon Boiss. species

Objective: Acantholimon is a genus of perennial plant within the Plumbaginaceae family. Here, we aimed to investigate anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial potential of methanol extract of three Iranian endemic species of Acantholimon including A. austro-iranicum, A. serotinum and A. chlorostegium. Materials and Methods: MTT assay was used to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction was examined by annexin V-PE apoptosis detection kit. Antioxidant activity was reported based on the DPPH-scavenging and DCF-DA assay. Antibacterial activity was measured by disc diffusion and micro-well dilution assay. Results: MTT assay showed less cytotoxicity of methanol extracts against the HUVEC normal cell line (IC50 values: 817-900 µg/ml) compared to cancer cell lines MCF-7, HT29, SH-SY5Y, NCCIT and A549 (IC50 values: 213 to 600 µg/ml) that show the specificity of extracts toward cancer cells. Plant extract showed apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phases documented by annexin V staining and flow cytometry. According to antioxidant tests, extracts exhibited significant DPPH scavenging potential (IC50 values: 30-37 µg/ml) and could protect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Antibacterial activities showed a stronger inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as Gram- negative bacteria (diameter of inhibition zone: 11-13 mm and minimal inhibition concentration (MIC): 3.175 to 12.5 mg/ml) compared to Gram-positive bacteria including Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus (diameter of inhibition zone: 3-7 mm and MIC: 25 to 50 mg/ml). Conclusion: Our results suggested moderate cytotoxic and antibacterial potential and noteworthy antioxidant activity for the examined Acantholimon species.

The Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oil from the Leaves of Philadelphus x purpureomaculatus Lemoine

The essential oil from the leaves of Philadelphus x purpureomaculatus Lemoine was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by high-resolution gas-liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (GLC-MS). The essential oil of P. x purpureomaculatus leaves was dominated by terpenoids containing hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. The major components of P. x purpureomaculatus essential oil were viridiflorol (44.4%), manool (31.2%), pentadecanal (5.4%), and borneol (4.9%). Antioxidant capacity and cytotoxicity of methanol extracts and essential oil of P. x purpureomaculatus were evaluated by using DPPH-, ABTS-, FRAP- and MTTassays. Extracts from P. x purpureomaculatus have shown weak antioxidant activity compare with positive control (caffeic acid). The highest cytotoxicity effect was observed with methanol leave extract on CCRF-CEM cells with IC50 value 38.5 μg/ml.

In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Methanolic Extract of Solanum nigrum Using MCF-7 Cell Line

In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Methanolic Extract of Solanum nigrum Using MCF-7 Cell Line

In Vitro Cytotoxic Potential and Apoptotic Activity of Bufadienolide-rich Fraction from Leaves of Kalanchoe mortagei against Human HeLa Cancer Cells

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition as well as to assess the cytotoxicity of Kalanchoe mortagei. Materials and Methods: The plant chemical composition was determined by HPLC coupled to mass spectrometer. The cytotoxicity of methanol extract from leaves of Kalanchoe mortagei (KB) was carried out against human cervical cancer cells (HeLa), breast cancer (MCF-7), brain cancer (U373), breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) and umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. KB was added at various concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml. In addtion, cell morphological changes and apoptosis were also evaluated. Results: A bufadienolides-rich fraction (BRF) containing nine bufadienolides was identified by HPLC/MS which to significantly reduce proliferation of HeLa cells. Bufadienolides identified included 3β-Acetate Hellebrigenin, Bufotalinin, 19-Oxo-bufalin, Hellebrigenin, Monohydroxy-bufotalin, 19-oxo-desacetylcinobufagin, 1β-Hidroxybufalin, Bufalin, and 3-Dehydroxy cinobufagin. Discussion &amp; Conclusion: K. mortagei contains bufadienolides with specific cytotoxic activity on cancer cells without affect to normal cells, suggesting that its consumption could be considered as a potential therapy against cancer

Identification of food preservative, stress relief compounds by GC-MS and HR-LC/Q-TOF/MS; evaluation of antioxidant activity of Acalypha indica leaves methanolic extract (in vitro) and polyphenolic fraction (in vivo).

The present paper has been designed to evaluate phytochemical profile, in vitro free radical scavenging activity, cytotoxicity of methanolic extract and in vivo antioxidant activity of polyphenolic fraction of Acalypha indica leaves. Methanolic extract of A. indica leaves (MEAIL) contained rich amount of phenols, flavonoids and saponins. The GC-MS analysis of extract revealed 13 compounds, whereas HR-LC/Q-TOF/MS showed 87, and all were coincided with functional groups identified by FTIR. The extract showed good scavenging activity on DPPH, H2O2, hydroxyl radicals and metal ions. The Polyphenolic fraction induced the antioxidant enzymes in Diabetic rats. The extract also potentially showed cytotoxic (LC50: 140.02µg/mL) activity against brine shrimp. Based on these analytical results, in vitro and in vivo experiments, it was concluded that the MEAIL has encompassed rich amount of polyphenols (antioxidants) and cytotoxic compounds for their respective activities. Polyphenolic fraction has the induction capacity to elevate cellular antioxidant enzymes in diabetic animals.

Phytochemical, Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Analysis of an Indian Blackberry Rubus fruticosus

The present study was carried out for cytotoxic potential, immunomodulatory response, antioxidant potential and phytochemical analysis of Rubus fruticosus (leaf and fruits). In vitro cytotoxicity of methanolic extract of fruit possess higher activity than the leaf part against lung (A549) cancer cell line with 72 % growth inhibition at 100 µg/mL concentration. Similarly, when administered orally at 100 mg/kg p.o., fruit (crude extract) showed an increase of 130 % activity in delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and 79 % activity in humoral antibody response in immune suppressed Balb/c mice. On fractionation of the methanolic fruit extract, the acetone fraction of fruit showed remarkable antioxidant potential. Phytochemical analysis of acetone fraction showed the presence of higher content of phenols (290.81 mg GAEs/g dry weight) and flavonoids (50±0.12 mg QEs/g dry wt). Further, HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of cyanidin and ellagic acid in acetone fraction. The above results showed that the fruits of Rubus fruticosus as a very good source of herbal preparation with its significant antioxidant potential, immunomodulation and cytotoxic effect, that can be further exploited in food and pharmaceutical industry.

꾸지뽕나무 메탄올 추출물의 세포독성

In order to develop as a natural source of anticancer materials of Cudrania tricuspidata, the cytotoxicity of methanol extracts by harvesting parts and times against 8 cell lines including 293 (normal kidney cells) and A-431 (epidermoid carcinoma cells) were investigated using MTT assay. All harvesting parts had hardly cytotoxicity against 293. And methanol extracts of stem bark and root bark showed very high cytotoxicities against 7 cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity was the highest against HeLa (cervix adenocarcinoma cells) and followed by MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma cells), AGS (stomach adenocarcinoma cells), HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma cells), HepG2 (hepatoblastoma cells), A549 (lung carcinoma cells) and A-431. By the way, leaf extract had a cytotoxicity against only AGS and ripe fruit extract had no cytotoxicity. Among harvesting times, the cytotoxicity of root bark were high from April to September but that of stem bark showed a little difference. These results showed that anticancer activities of Cudrania tricuspidata extracts were eventful changes by harvesting parts and times.

Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of methanol extracts from aerial parts of Korean salad plants

The aim of this investigation was to determine the content of total phenolics, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of methanol extracts from the aerial parts of 11 Korean medicinal salad plants. The highest total phenolic content of the methanol extracts was found in Aster scaber (17.1 mg 100 g(-1)), followed by Ixeris dentate (16.4 mg 100 g(-1)), Aster yomena (12.0 mg 100 g(-1)) and Sedum sarmentosum (9.1 mg 100 g(-1)) of FW. Methanol extracts of Ixeris dentate and Aster scaber at 50 microg mL(-1) exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity by 86.4 and 83.3%, respectively. It was registered a dose-dependent increase of DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Total phenolic content of the studied plant extracts was correlated with the DPPH radical scavenging activity. It was found by means of MTT assay, that cytotoxicity of the methanol extracts was the highest against HCT-116. Methanol extracts from Petasites japonicus (IC(50)<25.0 microg mL(-1)) showed the highest activity against HCT-116, following by Angelica gigas (34.75 microg mL(-1)), Erythronium japonicum (44.06 microg mL(-1)), and Aster scaber (54.87 microg mL(-1)). In conclusion, the studied salad plants have high total phenolics content and high antioxidant activity. These plants dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity. The total phenolics level was highly correlated with the free radical scavenging activity. Most of the studied salad plants have potent cytotoxicity activity. The results of this investigation suggest that the extracts of studied salad plants could be an addition to basic medicine for some diseases.

Multiple regression analysis as a tool for the identification of relations between semi-quantitative LC-MS data and cytotoxicity of extracts of the fungus Fusarium avenaceum (syn. F. arthrosporioides)

The cytotoxicity of methanolic extracts from rice cultures of 53 Fusarium avenaceum strains, which had been isolated from different host organisms in Northern Europe, Canada and Australia/New Zealand, was investigated in a rat hepatoma (H4IIE-W), porcine epithelial kidney (PK-15), foetal feline lung fibroblast, dog lymphoblast (D3447), and a human hepatocarcinoma (Hep G2) cell line using the Alamar Blue™ assay. All extracts were screened for known fungal metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array and mass spectrometric detection, and both known and unknown metabolites were semi-quantified. Known metabolites that were determined in the cultures include acuminatopyrone, 2-amino-14,16-dimethyloctadecan-3-ol (2-AOD-3-ol), antibiotic Y, aurofusarin, chlamydosporol, chlamydospordiol, enniatins, fusarin A and C, and moniliformin. Multiple regression analysis was used in order to relate fungal metabolites to the cytotoxicity of the extracts. Separate linear regression models were constructed for each cell line. Eleven different fungal metabolites were related to the cytotoxicity ( P < 0.05 ). Out of these, nine metabolites were siginificantly related to the cytotoxicity in only one of the five models, while two, namely enniatins and 2-AOD-3-ol, were significant contributors in three or four regression models, respectively. This paper describes how multiple regression analysis may be applied for the assignment of bioactivity/toxicity to the constituents of a multi-component mixture.