Cytophaga Research Articles

Effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand gene knock-out on the gut microbiota in mice with dextran sodium sulphate induced colitis

Objective To investigate the influence of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligant (TRAIL) deficiency on mice colitis and the gut microbiota composition by inclding the expermental colitis model in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand gene knockout (TRAIL-/-) mice. Methods C57BL/6 TRAIL-/- mice and wild type (WT) mice were selected and assigned into TRAIL-/- control group (eight mice), TRAIL-/- colitis group (16 mice), WT control group (eight mice) and WT colitis group (16 mice). The mice of two colitis groups were oral administrated with 3.5% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for seven consecutive days to induce experimental colitis model. The severity of colitis was evaluated by clinical appearance and histopathological examination. The colonic tissue samples of mice were collected and microbiota profile was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing method. USEARCH software and R language were used to analyze the difference of gut microbiota among TRAIL-/- control group, TRAIL-/- colitis group, WT control group and WT colitis group. T test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Results After modeling, the disease activity index (DAI) of WT colitis mice and TRAIL-/- colitis mice both gradually increased over time. Furthermore, compared with colitis mice, TRAIL-/- colitis mice developed body weight loss, diarrhea and hemafecia earlier. On the seventh day after modeling, the percentage of body weight loss of TRAIL-/- colitis mice and WT colitis mice was (28.98±2.84)% and (17.87±3.70)%, respectively; and the difference was statistically significant (t=9.53, P<0.01). The length of colon of TRAIL-/- colitis mice was shorter than that of WT colitis mice ((4.63±0.28) cm vs. (6.02±0.41) cm), and the difference was statistically significant (t=11.20, P<0.01). The DAI of TRAIL-/- colitis mice was higher than that of WT colitis mice (3.00±0.00 vs. 2.32±0.05), and the difference was statistically significant (t=54.40, P<0.01). The histological score of TRAIL-/- colitis mice was higher than that of WT colitis mice (6.19±0.25 vs. 3.87±0.22), and the difference was statistically significant (t=27.87, P<0.01). Under the microscope, colonic mucosal epithelial injury, crypt structure destruction and inflammatory cell infiltration were more obvious in TRAIL-/- colitis mice than in WT colitis mice. The alpha diversity of colonic flora was more significant in TRAIL-/- colitis group compared with that of WT colitis group. At the family level, the relative richness of Deferribacteraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, F16 and Paraprevotellaceae significantly increased in TRAIL-/- colitis group, but the relative richness of Enterococcaceae obviously reduced ((19.839±19.991)% vs. (7.224±11.241)%, (3.564±2.543)% vs.(2.861±3.821)%, (0.123±0.066)% vs. (0.068±0.049)%, (0.032±0.033)% vs. (0.006±0.011)%, (0.153±0.098)% vs. (0.062±0.054)% and (0.013±0.027)% vs. (0.054±0.121)%, respectively; U=51, 69, 53, 35, 49 and 69, respectively; P<0.01 and 0.05, respectively). In addition, at the genus level the relative richness of Oscillospira, Mucispirillum and Cytophaga in TRAIL-/- colitis group remarkably elevated, and the relative richness of Enterococcus significantly decreased ((2.363±2.147)% vs. (1.813±2.847)%, (19.839±19.991)% vs. (7.223±11.241)%, (0.104±0.153)% vs. (0.046±0.069)% and (0.076±0.049)% vs. (0.135±0.074)%, respectively; U=70, 51, 66 and 65, respectively; P <0.05 and 0.01, respectively). Conclusion TRAIL deficiency aggravate DSS-induced colitis, and increase the alpha diversity of colonic microbiota in colitis mice. Key words: TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; Intestinal microbiota; Experimental colitis; Mice, knockout

Surveillance of the condition of bacteria and Amaranthus viridis in a gasoline contaminated soil

The condition of bacteria and Amaranthus viridis in gasoline-contaminated soil was surveyed. The soil was treated with different concentrations of petrol oil: 0 ml (control), 18, 56, 112, 168 and 224 ml. Each of the concentrations was in triplicates. Seventeen (17) bacterial isolates were recovered from the control soil while twenty (20) bacterial isolates were recovered from the polluted soil. A total of twenty four (24) different genera were recovered from the soil. The organisms areAcinetobacter ceticus, Actinomyces sp, Aerococcus viridians, Alcaligenes paradoxus, Arthrobacter, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus polymxa, Bacillus subtilis, Chromobacterium violaceum, Clostridium sp., Corynebacterium hydrocarbodastus, Corynebacterium kutsceri, Corynebacterium xerosis, Cytophaga sp., Erwinia sp., Flavobacterium sp., Micrococcus luteus, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida, Sarcina ventricule, Serratia sp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus sp. The pH, temperature, organic matter content, moisture content and water holding capacity of the soil were determined. A. viridis had 100% germination in both the control (0 ml) and 18 ml gasoline-treated soils while it had delayed germination in the other treatments (56, 112, 168 and 224 ml). The results obtained in this study showed that gasoline spillage posses a great threat to the survival and development of plants. It also revealed that certain bacteria could survive the gasoline-contaminated soil and thus may be useful in biodegradation and/or bioremediation of gasoline contaminated soils. Key words: Surveillance, bacteria, Amaranthus viridis, gasoline, contaminated soil.

Solution NMR structure of the AHSA1-like protein CHU_1110 from Cytophaga hutchinsonii, Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium Target ChR152.

Solution NMR structure of the AHSA1-like protein CHU_1110 from Cytophaga hutchinsonii, Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium Target ChR152.

Production and Some Properties of the Extracellular Protease of &lt;i&gt;Cytophaga columnaris&lt;/i&gt;

Production and Some Properties of the Extracellular Protease of &lt;i&gt;Cytophaga columnaris&lt;/i&gt;

Problems concerning the relationships of cytophagas and flavobacteria.

Problems concerning the relationships of cytophagas and flavobacteria.

A study of three facultatively anaerobic cytophaga's

A study of three facultatively anaerobic cytophaga's

Cytophaga columnaris (Davis) in Pure Culture: A Myxobacterium Pathogenic to Fish

<i>Cytophaga columnaris</i> (Davis) in Pure Culture: A Myxobacterium Pathogenic to Fish