Cylindrical Blade Research Articles

CFD simulation and experimental investigation of a Magnus wind turbine with an improved blade shape

With the advancement of technology and growing concern for environmental issues, the demand for energy derived from renewable sources is expected to increase. It is well established that traditional bladed wind turbines exhibit inefficiency in low wind speed conditions. To address this, Magnus wind turbines, featuring cylindrical blades, have been developed specifically for regions with predominantly low-speed winds. However, these turbines present a significant drawback, as they require electric drives to rotate the blades. This study aims to conduct a three-dimensional numerical and experimental investigation of the aerodynamics around a wind turbine with a geometrically complex blade design. The scientific contribution of this work lies in the introduction of a deflector to the cylindrical blades, intended to eliminate the need for an electric drive to initiate blade rotation. A laboratory prototype of a wind turbine with the proposed blade configuration was constructed, and numerical simulations were performed using Ansys Fluent, based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier—Stokes (RANS) equations. The results demonstrate that the turbine's power coefficient (Cp) is approximately 20 % higher than that of traditional Magnus wind turbines. These findings underscore the enhanced efficiency provided by the addition of a deflector to the cylindrical blades.

Experimental study of the performance of a root crop loader with a paddle feeder

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the performance of a paddle feeder for a continuous root crop loader. The studies have obtained regression equations and graphical dependences of productivity when changing the angular speed of the blade rotation, the speed of the forward movement of the feeder with the loader, as well as the radius of the cylindrical blades. The results of experimental studies show that the performance of a paddle feeder of a continuous loader when working with potatoes is in a non-linear dependence on the studied parameters and is described by a second-order equation. The values of the studied parameters are established, at which the performance is of the greatest importance.

Effects of Coolant and Working Temperature on the Cavitation in an Aeronautic Cooling Pump with High Rotation Speed

The centrifugal pump with high rotation speed is the key component in the cooling system of an aircraft. Because of the high rotation speed, the impeller inlet is very prone to cavitation. Two impellers with different types of blades (cylindrical and splitter) are designed, and the numerical models of the pumps are built. The authenticity of the numerical models is validated with the corresponding experiments in terms of both the hydraulic and cavitation characteristics. Then, the effects of different coolants and working temperatures on the hydraulic and cavitation performances of the prototype models are studied based on the numerical simulations. The results show that the head and efficiency of the pump for conveying water are higher than those for conveying ethylene glycol (EG) aqueous solution and propylene glycol (PG) aqueous solution (EGaq and PGaq are defined to represent the EG aqueous solution and the PG aqueous solution, respectively). The hydraulic performance in the EGaq is slightly better than that in the PGaq. The cavitation performance of water is far less than that of the EGaq and PGaq under high working temperature. The volume of cavitation in EGaq is smaller than that in PGaq, and the volume of cavitation in the splitter blades is slightly smaller than that in the cylindrical blades. It is suggested that EGaq be used as the first option. The splitter blades can improve the cavitation performance somehow while the improvement by using the splitter blades is very limited at high rotation speeds, and the design of the short blades should be careful in order to obtain a smooth internal flow field.

Analysis of velocity and pressure vector distribution fields in a three-dimensional plane around a wind power plant

To date, there has been an increase in demand for electric energy obtained from clean renewable energy sources. One of them is wind power. Based on this, the development and research of new types of efficient wind turbines that start working at low wind speeds is an urgent issue. Wind turbines operating based on the Magnus effect have proven their effectiveness. However, the authors of this work, for the first time, to eliminate the problem in the form of an electric drive for the promotion of cylindrical blades added a deflector element to the end of the cylinders. Before creating an experimental setup, it is necessary to numerically investigate the aerodynamics around the wind wheel. For this purpose, numerical simulation of wind wheel aerodynamics has been carried out using the highly efficient Ansys Fluent program. A three dimensional geometry has been created in Design Modeler. A mathematical model grid with a grid number of 47329 consisting of tetragonal cells is constructed. The Realizable k-ε is chosen as the turbulence model. A thorough analysis of the velocity vector distribution fields for flow and pressure velocities in the three-dimensional plane around the wind wheel at air flow velocities of 5.10 and 15 m/s is carried out.

Computational Simulation Methods for the Magnus Lift - Driven Wind Turbines

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of Magnus Lift -Driven wind turbines provide different results depending on the method of wind power capture and the nature of the turbine. The Magnus Lift -driven wind turbines, which would normally have cylindrical blades rotating either about a vertical or horizontal axis, reveals interesting CFD results. For instance, the blade aspect ratio is critical in determining the performance of the Magnus WT. The power coefficient generated by Magnus WT at low tip-speed ratio clearly justifies that the turbine would perform optimally in urban environment. This review paper focuses on these Magnus Lift -driven wind turbines, by analyzing the research results in the literature review section. The results section contains the simulation outcome based on various CFD approaches. The conclusion cites the gaps in research. More importantly, the paper reviews the factors affecting the efficiency of the Magnus wind turbine such as drag coefficient, surface roughness effect, and wind velocity.

Modification and Optimization of Cylindrical Blade of Dredge Pump Based on CFD

The 3500 m3/h series cutter suction dredger pump adopts cylindrical blade impeller with low efficiency and serious wear of impeller channel; The twisted blade is optimized by conformal transformation method, and the blade wrap angle is increased by 75°; The efficiency of dredge pump with twisted blades is increased by 9% compared with cylindrical blades when the flow is 8000-12000 m3/h; The relative velocity nephogram shows that the twisted blade eliminates the vortex in the impeller channel and improves the flow field; Through the erosion simulation analysis of solid-liquid two-phase flow, through the surface equalization treatment of the erosion wear of the impeller wall, it is found that the average wear rate of the twisted blades is 19% lower than that of the cylindrical blades, indicating that the wear resistance of the designed twisted blade impeller has been improved and the service life of the dredge pump has been increased.

Implementation of Minimally Invasive Brain Tumor Resection in Rodents for High Viability Tissue Collection.

The present protocol describes a standardized paradigm for rodent brain tumor resection and tissue preservation. In clinical practice, maximal tumor resection is the standard-of-care treatment for most brain tumors. However, most currently available preclinical brain tumor models either do not include resection, or utilize surgical resection models that are time-consuming and lead to significant postoperative morbidity, mortality, or experimental variability. In addition, performing resection in rodents can be daunting for several reasons, including a lack of clinically comparable surgical tools or protocols and the absence of an established platform for standardized tissue collection. This protocol highlights the use of a multi-functional, non-ablative resection device and an integrated tissue preservation system adapted from the clinical version of the device. The device applied in the present study combines tunable suction and a cylindrical blade at the aperture to precisely probe, cut, and suction tissue. The minimally invasive resection device performs its functions via the same burr hole used for the initial tumor implantation. This approach minimizes alterations to regional anatomy during biopsy or resection surgeries and reduces the risk of significant blood loss. These factors significantly reduced the operative time (<2 min/animal), improved postoperative animal survival, lower variability in experimental groups, and result in high viability of resected tissues and cells for future analyses. This process is facilitated by a blade speed of ~1,400 cycles/min, which allows the harvesting of tissues into a sterile closed system that can be filled with a physiologic solution of choice. Given the emerging importance of studying and accurately modeling the impact of surgery, preservation and rigorous comparative analysis of regionalized tumor resection specimens, and intra-cavity-delivered therapeutics, this unique protocol will expand opportunities to explore unanswered questions about perioperative management and therapeutic discovery for brain tumor patients.

A continuum model for the segregation of bidisperse particles in a blade mixer

AbstractThe process of blending powders using stirring blades involves complicated granular flows, particle‐scale mechanisms, and blade–particle interactions, which is challenging to predict and control. This article proposes a continuum‐based model for such a process by incorporating the flow rheology, isotropic particle diffusion and the percolation of granular materials. A method combining finite element method (FEM), finite difference method (FDM), and immersed boundary method (IBM) is developed to numerically implement the continuum model and applied to a cylindrical blade mixer. The model well describes the tempo‐spatial distribution of small/large particles in the stirring process, such as the accumulation of small particles in the vicinity of blades. Remarkably, this model can capture the various intricate effects of blade parameters, including the blade rake angle, rotating speeds, filling level, and the friction coefficient of the mixer wall. It is therefore promising for optimizing the blade mixers in industries.

Influence of a rough surface on the aerodynamic characteristics of a rotating cylinder

The article considers the influence of the relative roughness of a cylindrical blade on aerodynamic characteristics. It is known that the operation basis of blades under consideration is the Magnus effect, which is characterized by appearance of a lifting force (Magnus force), when the cylinders rotate in a transverse flow. This force is used to rotate the wind wheel, similar to lifting force, but can have a much larger value when selecting optimal conditions, both geometric and aerodynamic. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of cylinder layout with a relative roughness (0.005 ÷ 0.02). Experimental studies of aerodynamics process of rotating cylinders were carried out in the aerodynamic laboratory using the T-1-M wind tunnel atan air flow value of 5 to 15 m/s. Graphs of dependences of rotating cylinder's lifting force and drag force on the changing air flow velocity and on relative roughness, k/d, are obtained. For further study experimental cylinder layout’s aerodynamic parameters, the most optimal is the variant with a relative roughness value of 0.02, which had high indicators, was selected. In the course of experimental studies, graphs of the dependence of the values of lift and drag force on the angles of attack of a single rotating cylinder with a rough surface on the speed and angle of attack of the wind flow (0°, 30° and 60°) were obtained. It is established that the effective angle of attack is 0°, at which aerodynamic characteristics’s maximum values were obtained.

STUDY OF AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A CYLINDRICAL BLADE WITH DEFLECTOR

The article discusses some aspects of the renewable energy sources use, in particular, the problem of small wind power. A brief analysis of the development rates of wind energy in the world and in Kazakhstan is presented. The study is devoted to finding ways to optimize the blade of a wind power plant based on the Magnus effect, designed to generate electrical energy at low wind speeds. A cylindrical blade with a turbo-deflector has been developed to ensure independent starting of the blade rotation without the use of additional trigger mechanism. Laboratory tests of a cylindrical blade with a turbo deflector were carried out on a T-I-M wind tunnel at various flow regimes. The obtained dependences of aerodynamic forces on the air flow velocity at different angles of attack are shown.

Turbulent flow simulation of a single-blade Magnus rotor

This paper presents numerical studies of the Magnus effect for a kinetic turbine on a horizontal axis. To focus on the Magnus blade, a single self-spinning cylindrical blade is assumed. An iterative direct-forcing immersed boundary method is employed within the Eulerian-Lagrangian framework due to its capability to treat complex and moving geometries. The Eulerian fluid domain is discretized using the finite volume method while the Magnus rotor is represented by a set of discrete points/markers. The aim of the numerical studies is to provide insights for the design process and predict aerodynamic performances under various operating conditions. Results for stationary and self-spinning cylinders in turbulent flows are found to be in good agreement with published data. By increasing the aspect ratio of the cylinder (simulated segment length over its diameter) from 3 to 10, a 30% drop in lift coefficient and a 22% increase in drag coefficient were observed, which is believed to be attributed to an enhancement of the three-dimensionality of the near-wake. For the Magnus rotor, key parameters such as dynamic forcing and frequency, distribution of pressure coefficient and torque have been produced for two cases with different structural designs and working conditions. With increase of the aspect ratio from 3 to 10, stable forces are observed from the root side of the blade and the torque coefficient increases from 0.68 to 2.1, which indicates a superior performance in terms of power extraction.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE FLOW AROUND A WIND WHEEL WITH ROTATING CYLINDRICAL BLADES

The article discusses the results of numerical simulation of the flow around a wind wheel with blades in the form of rotating cylinders using the software package ANSYS. The advantage of a wind turbine with rotating cylindrical blades in comparison with traditional blade installations is the starting moment and the beginning of energy production at a wind speed of (2 - 3) m/s. A mathematical model has been developed based on threedimensional Navier-Stokes equations in a rotating system. The corresponding boundary conditions are formulated. A calculated pattern of the flow around the wind wheel with rotating cylindrical blade is obtained. There are shown regions of the velocity field with turbulent vortices, which are formed at high Reynolds numbers. The degree of influence of the angular speed of rotation of the wind wheel on the magnitude of the moment of forces at various speeds of the incoming air flow has been determined.

Fabrication of Pineapple Peeling Machine Using Pneumatic Solenoid Valve

Pineapple peeling device which used for slicing the pineapple to create a cylindrical pulp. The key goal of this research is to implement a pineapple peeler system to overcome the challenges encountered by small and medium-sized businesses, in which the system produced will minimize its time needed for the pineapple operation. From an engineering viewpoint, ergonomic concerns relevant to peeling have been discussed. For this project, the concept of the pineapple peeler has a cylindrical blade being used to strip the pineapple flesh. The benefits of this pineapple peeler established throughout this venture are that it can remove the leaves as well as the core of the pineapple, and also can peel the outer surface of that same pineapple. Before starting the device, the pineapple is installed in the holder of the machine. So, the first cutter is to remove the ends as well as the base of the pineapple. Following that, the pineapple surface can be extracted by using a cylindrical knife. The mechanism within that device has been used to monitor the entire function of the pineapple peeler system and therefore is interfaced with dual pneumatic tubes to operate the tool. The mechanical and electrical elements are the essential parts of this unit.

Modernization of centrifugal impeller blades

The increase of the energy intensity of the pumping equipment reflects general tendency of technology development: to transmit more energy without significant increase of mass and size parameters of their working bodies. It is represented in the “Directive on Determining the Requirements for the Design of Products Consuming Electricity” that forwards a claim for a 40% reduction of energy consumption in Europe by 2020. Considering the task as for the increase of energy intensity of the pump stage, the possibility of creating a higher head and efficiency increase with the same overall dimensions, flow rates and speed of rotation has been considered as a way of solving the task. This can be achieved by replacing the spatial blade system of a centrifugal impeller of low (ns = 65) specific speed by cylindrical blades, since such working bodies perform the process of energy transfer from impeller to working liquid in the most intensive way. It will provide for the head rise of impeller and for the simplification of its manufacturing technology.

Cutting sugarcane stumps with serrated cylindrical blades on ratoon cane

Cutting the sugarcane stump is one of the important activities in the ratoon sugarcane cultivation. Cutting the remaining sugarcane stump is done after harvest to grow new shoots. Cutting the sugarcane stump is usually done lower than the ground level. Cutting can be done manually or mechanically. The low productivity of ratoon cane can be caused by, among others, a lot of stumps that break, the time of cutting, shallow roots in the plants, and the lack of care in the plants. The cutting machine or stubble shaver used in sugar cane plantations have several disadvantages including inprecise blade design and the result of many stumps being broken so that productivity is low. The purpose of this study was to test the Serrated Cylindrical blades that rotate vertically to cut sugarcane stumps. As for the observations made the mound cutting profile, the percentage of stumps that broke, and the shoots productivity. The highest result of unbroken sugarcane stump in the second mound was 85.19%, then the first mound was 79.63% and then the third mound was 75.93%. The results of the growth of the number of shoots at 7 days after cutting in the first mound was 46 shoots, then the second mound was 43 shoots, and then the third mound was 34 shoots.

New Design of the Reversible Jet Fan

This paper presents two designs of the axial reversible jet fan, with the special focus on the impeller. The intention was to develop a reversible axial jet fan which operates in the same way in both rotating directions while generating thrust as high as possible. The jet fan model with the outer diameter 499.2 ± 0.1 mm and ten adjustable blades is the same, while it is in-built in two different casings. The first construction is a cylindrical casing, while the second one is profiled as a nozzle. Thrust, volume flow rate, consumed power and ambient conditions were measured after the international standard ISO 13350. Results for both constructions are presented for three impeller blade angles: 28°, 31° and 35°, and rotation speed in the interval n = 400 to 2600 rpm. The smallest differences in thrust, depending on the fan rotation direction, as well as the highest thrust are achieved for the first design with the cylindrical casing and blade angle at the outer diameter of 35°. Therefore, it was shown that fan casing significantly influences jet fan characteristics. In addition, the maximum thrust value and its independence of the flow direction is experimentally obtained for the angle of 39° in the cylindrical casing.

Numerical Investigation of an Open-Design Vortex Pump with Different Blade Wrap Angles of Impeller

The blade wrap angle of impeller is an important structural parameter in the hydraulic design of open-design vortex pump. In this paper, taking a vortex pump with a cylindrical blade structure as the research object, two kinds of different blade wrap angle of vortex pump impellers are designed. The experiment and numerical simulation research is carried out, and the results of external characteristics and internal flow field are obtained under different flow rate. The results show that when ensuring that other main structural parameters remain unchanged, the efficiency and head of open-design vortex pump increase with the blade wrap angle decreases. In the case of blade wrap angle increasing, the length of rotating reflux back from lateral cavity to inlet is longer. For the same type of vortex pump, the length of rotating reflux to inlet decreases with the increase of flow rate. At the inlet area of impeller front face, there is an area where liquid flows back to the lateral cavity. The volute section shows that after passing through the impeller and lateral cavity, the liquid is discharged to the pump outlet with strong spiral strength. It is found that the blade wrap angle decreases and the shaft power increases, while the pump efficiency increases. The impeller blade wrap angle of vortex pump can be considered to select a smaller value.

Improvement of Stamping by Rolling Processes of Pipe and Cylindrical Blades on Experimental Research

During the experimental study, a pronounced beating and sealing of the side surface of the tubular, cylindrical blanks was recorded. It is established that cracks appear and develop in the central part of the lateral surface, i.e., it are destroyed. This fact confirms the claim that the destruction of tubular, cylindrical blanks of some materials begins on the side surface. It is established that the bases of analytical dependencies between the components of deformations describe the obtained results of the experimental study of SR tubular, cylindrical blanks within the error of the experimental data, which made it possible to construct a number of mathematical models for the purpose of further study of the SDS and the method of their determination.

Simulation study of Savonius tandem blade wind turbine using an adjustable deflector

The conventional Savonius wind turbine has two inverted cylindrical blades, it can indeed receive fluid impulses from all horizontal directions and produce a greater drag force than other wind turbines. The weakness of Savonius is the resistance in one blade side. Efforts to improve that has been done is to add a blade that serves to increase the local velocity of fluid flow to resist the resistance which is termed Savonius tandem blade (STB). This research was conducted to further reduce the resistance value of one side STB with the addition of an adjustable deflector. The purpose of this study is to obtain information on changes in the torque of the STB wind turbine on variations in the deflector angle and stream velocity. The research method used is numerical simulation using CFD software. A two-dimensional view of the rotor model using deflector was considered. The deflector angle varies start from 15 degrees with an increase also every 15 degrees until the torque decreased. The CFD simulation show there is a significant increase in torque with the addition of a deflector. Maximum torque is not achieved at one deflector angle value but is also influenced by stream velocity. At higher stream velocity there is a tendency to reach the maximum torque required larger deflector angle. Then at a certain point, the torque will decrease when the deflector angle is enlarged.

Study on cylindrical blades device attached to vertical axis wind turbine using turbo sail technology

Study on cylindrical blades device attached to vertical axis wind turbine using turbo sail technology